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Robin P Peeters - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thyroid Function and mood disorders a mendelian randomization study
Thyroid, 2021Co-Authors: Layal Chaker, Aleksander Kuś, Alisa D Kjaergaard, Eirini Marouli, Fabiola Del Greco M, Rosalie B T M Sterenborg, Robin P Peeters, Tomasz BednarczukAbstract:Background: Observational studies suggest that even minor variations in Thyroid Function are associated with the risk of mood disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disord...
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Thyroid Function and atrial fibrillation is there a mediating role for epicardial adipose tissue
Clinical Epidemiology, 2018Co-Authors: Daniel Bos, Albert Hofman, Oscar H Franco, Meike W Vernooij, Arjola Bano, Tyler J Vanderweele, Maryam Kavousi, Robin P PeetersAbstract:Background: The underlying mechanism of the association between Thyroid Function and atrial fibrillation (AF) is poorly understood, but epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) could be a promising mediator. Methods: In the 1995 participants (mean age 64.5 years) from the population-based Rotterdam Study, we measured Thyroid Function (Thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine [FT4]) and performed computed tomography to quantify EAT volumes. All participants were followed for the occurrence of AF. We assessed associations of Thyroid-stimulating hormone and FT4 with EAT and AF and performed causal mediation analysis to decompose the overall effect of Thyroid Function on AF with EAT as mediator. Results: Higher FT4 levels were associated with larger EAT volumes in persons with large waist circumferences, defined by sex-specific cutoffs (0.08 mL more EAT per 1-SD increase in FT4, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.14), but not in persons with a normal waist circumference. In persons with a large waist circumference, higher FT4 levels were associated with a higher AF risk (hazard ratio 1.50, 95% CI: 1.22, 1.83). We found no evidence of a mediating role of EAT in the association of Thyroid Function with AF (mediated interaction 1.6%, pure indirect effect 3.2%). The estimate of reference interaction of EAT with Thyroid Function on AF risk was more substantial (10.8%), but statistically nonsignificant. Conclusions: Higher FT4 levels are associated with larger EAT volumes in persons with abdominal obesity. We report no mediating role of EAT in the association of Thyroid Function with AF, but found evidence for a suggested interaction of FT4 with EAT volumes on AF risk.
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association of Thyroid Function with life expectancy with and without cardiovascular disease the rotterdam study
JAMA Internal Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Arjola Bano, Layal Chaker, Arfan M Ikram, Robin P Peeters, Maryam Kavousi, Klodian Dhana, Francesco U S Mattaceraso, Oscar H FrancoAbstract:Importance Variations in Thyroid Function within reference ranges are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. However, the impact of Thyroid Function on life expectancy (LE) and the number of years lived with and without CVD remains unknown. Objective To investigate the association of Thyroid Function with total LE and LE with and without CVD among euThyroid individuals. Design, Setting, and Participants The Rotterdam Study, a population-based, prospective cohort study. We included participants without known Thyroid disease and with thyrotropin and free thyroxine (FT 4 ) levels within the reference ranges. Main Outcomes and Measures Multistate life tables were used to calculate total LE and LE with and without CVD among thyrotropin and FT 4 tertiles. Life expectancy estimates in men and women aged 50 years and older were obtained using prevalence, incidence rates, and hazard ratios for 3 transitions (healthy to CVD, healthy to death, and CVD to death), adjusting for sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Results The mean (SD) age of the 7785 participants was 64.7 (9.8) years, and 52.5% were women. Over a median follow-up of 8.1 (interquartile range, 2.7-9.9) years, we observed 789 incident CVD events and 1357 deaths. Compared with those in the lowest tertile, men and women in the highest thyrotropin tertile lived 2.0 (95% CI, 1.0 to 2.8) and 1.4 (95% CI, 0.2 to 2.4) years longer, respectively, of which, 1.5 (95% CI, 0.2 to 2.6) and 0.9 (95% CI, −0.2 to 2.0) years longer without CVD. Compared with those in the lowest tertile, the difference in life expectancy for men and women in the highest FT 4 tertile was −3.2 (95% CI, −5.0 to −1.4) and −3.5 (95% CI, −5.6 to −1.5) years, respectively, of which, −3.1 (95% CI, −4.9 to −1.4) and −2.5 (95% CI, −4.4 to −0.7) years without CVD. Conclusions and Relevance At the age of 50 years, participants with low-normal Thyroid Function live up to 3.5 years longer overall and up to 3.1 years longer without CVD than participants with high-normal Thyroid Function. These findings provide supporting evidence for a reevaluation of the current reference ranges of Thyroid Function and can help inform preventive and clinical care.
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Thyroid Function and risk of type 2 diabetes a population based prospective cohort study
BMC Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Layal Chaker, Tim I M Korevaar, Robin P Peeters, Albert Hofman, Oscar H Franco, Symen Ligthart, Abbas DehghanAbstract:The association of Thyroid Function with risk of type 2 diabetes remains elusive. We aimed to investigate the association of Thyroid Function with incident diabetes and progression from prediabetes to diabetes in a population-based prospective cohort study. We included 8452 participants (mean age 65 years) with Thyroid Function measurement, defined by Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), and longitudinal assessment of diabetes incidence. Cox-models were used to investigate the association of TSH and FT4 with diabetes and progression from prediabetes to diabetes. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, sex, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose at baseline, amongst others. During a mean follow-up of 7.9 years, 798 diabetes cases occurred. Higher TSH levels were associated with a higher diabetes risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.13; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.18, per logTSH), even within the reference range of Thyroid Function (HR 1.24; 95 % CI, 1.06–1.45). Higher FT4 levels were associated with a lower diabetes risk amongst all participants (HR 0.96; 95 % CI, 0.93–0.99, per 1 pmol/L) and in participants within the reference range of Thyroid Function (HR 0.96; 95 % CI, 0.92–0.99). The risk of progression from prediabetes to diabetes was higher with low-normal Thyroid Function (HR 1.32; 95 % CI, 1.06–1.64 for TSH and HR 0.91; 95 % CI, 0.86–0.97 for FT4). Absolute risk of developing diabetes type 2 in participants with prediabetes decreased from 35 % to almost 15 % with higher FT4 levels within the normal range. Low and low-normal Thyroid Function are risk factors for incident diabetes, especially in individuals with prediabetes. Future studies should investigate whether screening for and treatment of (subclinical) hypoThyroidism is beneficial in subjects at risk of developing diabetes.
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the risk of preeclampsia according to high Thyroid Function in pregnancy differs by hcg concentration
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2016Co-Authors: Tim I M Korevaar, Layal Chaker, Marco Medici, Theo J Visser, Vincent W V Jaddoe, Eric A P Steegers, Yolanda B De Rijke, Robin P PeetersAbstract:Context: During pregnancy, there is an increased demand for Thyroid hormone. The pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is an important physiological stimulator of Thyroid Function. Already high-normal maternal free T4 concentrations are associated with a higher risk of preeclampsia. Objective: The objective of the investigation was to study our hypothesis that hCG concentrations can distinguish a physiological form of high Thyroid Function from a more pathological form of high Thyroid Function and that the risk of preeclampsia would differ accordingly. Design: TSH, free T4, hCG, or thyroperoxidase antibody concentrations were determined in pregnant women participating in a population-based prospective cohort study. Setting: The study was conducted in the general community. Participants: A nonselected sample of 5146 pregnant women participated in the study. Interventions: There were no interventions. Main Outcome Measure(s): Preeclampsia was measured. Results: Women with high hCG-associated ...
Albert Hofman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thyroid Function and atrial fibrillation is there a mediating role for epicardial adipose tissue
Clinical Epidemiology, 2018Co-Authors: Daniel Bos, Albert Hofman, Oscar H Franco, Meike W Vernooij, Arjola Bano, Tyler J Vanderweele, Maryam Kavousi, Robin P PeetersAbstract:Background: The underlying mechanism of the association between Thyroid Function and atrial fibrillation (AF) is poorly understood, but epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) could be a promising mediator. Methods: In the 1995 participants (mean age 64.5 years) from the population-based Rotterdam Study, we measured Thyroid Function (Thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine [FT4]) and performed computed tomography to quantify EAT volumes. All participants were followed for the occurrence of AF. We assessed associations of Thyroid-stimulating hormone and FT4 with EAT and AF and performed causal mediation analysis to decompose the overall effect of Thyroid Function on AF with EAT as mediator. Results: Higher FT4 levels were associated with larger EAT volumes in persons with large waist circumferences, defined by sex-specific cutoffs (0.08 mL more EAT per 1-SD increase in FT4, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.14), but not in persons with a normal waist circumference. In persons with a large waist circumference, higher FT4 levels were associated with a higher AF risk (hazard ratio 1.50, 95% CI: 1.22, 1.83). We found no evidence of a mediating role of EAT in the association of Thyroid Function with AF (mediated interaction 1.6%, pure indirect effect 3.2%). The estimate of reference interaction of EAT with Thyroid Function on AF risk was more substantial (10.8%), but statistically nonsignificant. Conclusions: Higher FT4 levels are associated with larger EAT volumes in persons with abdominal obesity. We report no mediating role of EAT in the association of Thyroid Function with AF, but found evidence for a suggested interaction of FT4 with EAT volumes on AF risk.
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Thyroid Function and the risk of dementia the rotterdam study
Neurology, 2016Co-Authors: Layal Chaker, Tim I M Korevaar, Abbas Dehghan, Frank J Wolters, Daniel Bos, Albert Hofman, Aad Van Der Lugt, Peter J Koudstaal, Oscar H Franco, Meike W VernooijAbstract:Objective: To study the role of Thyroid Function in dementia, cognitive Function, and subclinical vascular brain disease with MRI. Methods: Analyses were performed within the Rotterdam Study (baseline 1997), a prospective, population-based cohort. We evaluated the association of Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine with incident dementia using Cox models adjusted for age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, and education. Absolute risks were calculated accounting for death as a competing risk factor. Associations of Thyroid Function with cognitive test scores and subclinical vascular brain disease (white matter lesions, lacunes, and microbleeds) were assessed with linear or logistic regression. Additionally, we stratified by sex and restricted analyses to normal Thyroid Function. Results: We included 9,446 participants with a mean age of 65 years. During follow-up (mean 8.0 years), 601 participants had developed dementia. Higher TSH was associated with lower dementia risk in both the full and normal ranges of Thyroid Function (hazard ratio [HR] 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83–0.98; and HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64–0.91, respectively). This association was independent of cardiovascular risk factors. Dementia risk was higher in individuals with higher free thyroxine (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07). Absolute 10-year dementia risk decreased from 15% to 10% with higher TSH in older women. Higher TSH was associated with better global cognitive scores ( p = 0.021). Thyroid Function was not related to subclinical vascular brain disease as indicated by MRI. Conclusions: High and high-normal Thyroid Function is associated with increased dementia risk. Thyroid Function is not related to vascular brain disease as assessed by MRI, suggesting a role for Thyroid hormone in nonvascular pathways leading to dementia.
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Thyroid Function and risk of type 2 diabetes a population based prospective cohort study
BMC Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Layal Chaker, Tim I M Korevaar, Robin P Peeters, Albert Hofman, Oscar H Franco, Symen Ligthart, Abbas DehghanAbstract:The association of Thyroid Function with risk of type 2 diabetes remains elusive. We aimed to investigate the association of Thyroid Function with incident diabetes and progression from prediabetes to diabetes in a population-based prospective cohort study. We included 8452 participants (mean age 65 years) with Thyroid Function measurement, defined by Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), and longitudinal assessment of diabetes incidence. Cox-models were used to investigate the association of TSH and FT4 with diabetes and progression from prediabetes to diabetes. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, sex, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose at baseline, amongst others. During a mean follow-up of 7.9 years, 798 diabetes cases occurred. Higher TSH levels were associated with a higher diabetes risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.13; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.18, per logTSH), even within the reference range of Thyroid Function (HR 1.24; 95 % CI, 1.06–1.45). Higher FT4 levels were associated with a lower diabetes risk amongst all participants (HR 0.96; 95 % CI, 0.93–0.99, per 1 pmol/L) and in participants within the reference range of Thyroid Function (HR 0.96; 95 % CI, 0.92–0.99). The risk of progression from prediabetes to diabetes was higher with low-normal Thyroid Function (HR 1.32; 95 % CI, 1.06–1.64 for TSH and HR 0.91; 95 % CI, 0.86–0.97 for FT4). Absolute risk of developing diabetes type 2 in participants with prediabetes decreased from 35 % to almost 15 % with higher FT4 levels within the normal range. Low and low-normal Thyroid Function are risk factors for incident diabetes, especially in individuals with prediabetes. Future studies should investigate whether screening for and treatment of (subclinical) hypoThyroidism is beneficial in subjects at risk of developing diabetes.
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Thyroid Function characteristics and determinants the rotterdam study
Thyroid, 2016Co-Authors: Layal Chaker, Tim I M Korevaar, Abbas Dehghan, Albert Hofman, Oscar H Franco, Marco Medici, Andre G Uitterlinden, Robin P PeetersAbstract:Background: Information on determinants and change of Thyroid Function over time is sparse and conflicting but crucial for clinical interpretation and research. Therefore, our aim was to systematic...
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Thyroid Function and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease the rotterdam study
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2016Co-Authors: Arjola Bano, Layal Chaker, Abbas Dehghan, Albert Hofman, Oscar H Franco, Elisabeth P C Plompen, Harry L A Janssen, Sarwa Darwish Murad, Robin P PeetersAbstract:Context: Although Thyroid Function is associated with several risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), its role in NAFLD development remains unclear. Objective: We aimed to prospectively investigate the association between variations in Thyroid Function and NAFLD. Design and Setting: The Rotterdam Study, a large population-based, prospective cohort study. Participants and Main Outcome Measures: Participants with Thyroid Function measurements at baseline and NAFLD data (ie, at baseline fatty liver index/at follow-up ultrasound) were eligible. Transient elastography was performed to assess the presence of fibrosis in patients with NAFLD, using the liver stiffness measurements more than or equal to 8 kPa as cutoff for clinically relevant fibrosis. The association between Thyroid parameters and incident NAFLD was explored by using logistic regression models. Results: A total of 9419 participants (mean age, 64.75 y) were included. The median follow-up time was 10.04 years (interquartile range,...
Tim I M Korevaar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relationship between blood trihalomethane concentrations and serum Thyroid Function measures in u s adults
Environmental Science & Technology, 2021Co-Authors: Yang Sun, Tim I M Korevaar, Pengfei Xia, Vicente Mustieles, Yu Zhang, Xiongfei Pan, Yixin Wang, Carmen MesserlianAbstract:Toxicological studies show that exposure to disinfection byproducts, including trihalomethanes (THMs), negatively affects Thyroid Function; however, few epidemiological studies have explored this link. This study included 2233 adults (ages ≥20 years) from the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) who were measured for blood THM concentrations [chloroform (TCM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), dibromochloromethane (DBCM), or bromoform (TBM)] and serum Thyroid Function biomarkers [Thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine (FT4), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total triiodothyronine (TT3), Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb)]. Multivariable linear regression models showed positive associations between blood TCM, BDCM, and total THMs (the sum of all four THMs) concentrations and serum FT4, whereas inverse associations were found between blood DBCM and total brominated THM (Br-THM; the sum of BDCM, DBCM, and TBM) concentrations and serum TT3 (all p < 0.05). Besides, positive associations were observed between blood TCM concentrations and FT4/FT3 ratio, between BDCM, DBCM, and Br-THM concentrations and TT4/TT3 ratio, and between DBCM and Br-THM concentrations and FT3/TT3 ratio (all p < 0.05). Blood THM concentrations were unrelated to the serum levels of Thyroid autoantibodies TgAb or TPOAb. In summary, exposure to THMs was associated with altered serum biomarkers of Thyroid Function but not with Thyroid autoimmunity among U.S. adults.
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Thyroid Function test abnormalities in twin pregnancies
Thyroid, 2020Co-Authors: Zhirou Chen, Tim I M Korevaar, Xi Yang, Chen Zhang, Zheng Ding, Yong Zhang, Jianxia FanAbstract:Background: Compared with singletons, a twin pregnancy is associated with a larger Thyroid hormone demand and an increased stimulation of gestational Thyroid Function due to higher concentrations o...
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cross sectional associations between urinary triclosan and serum Thyroid Function biomarker concentrations in women
Environment International, 2019Co-Authors: Julianne Skarha, Tim I M Korevaar, Lidia Minguezalarcon, Paige L Williams, Ralph A De Poortere, Maarten A C Broeren, Jennifer B Ford, Melissa Eliot, Russ Hauser, Joseph M BraunAbstract:Abstract Introduction Exposure to the antimicrobial agent triclosan is ubiquitous. Research in animals shows that triclosan can cause decreases in thyroxine concentrations. However, the potential effects of triclosan on Thyroid Function in humans are unclear. Objective To estimate the association between urinary triclosan concentrations and serum Thyroid Function biomarkers in women seeking assisted reproduction treatment in the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) Study. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 317 women enrolled in the EARTH Study, a prospective preconception cohort that recruits Boston area couples. Using samples collected at study entry, we quantified urinary triclosan and serum Thyroid Function biomarker concentrations, specifically free and total thyroxine and triiodothyronine, Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and Thyroid antibodies. We estimated covariate-adjusted differences in Thyroid Function biomarkers per 10-fold increase in triclosan using linear regression models. We examined effect modification by body mass index (BMI) and infertility diagnosis. Results The median urinary triclosan concentration was 7.8 μg/L (IQR: 3.0–59 μg/L). Each 10-fold increase in triclosan was inversely associated with free triidothyronine (T3) (β: −0.06 pg/mL; 95% CI: −0.1, −0.01), thyroperoxidase antibody (TPOAb) (−10%; 95% CI: −19, −0.4), and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) (−12%; 95% CI: −23,0.9) concentrations. BMI and infertility diagnosis modified the association of triclosan with free T3 and TPOAb, respectively. Conclusion Urinary triclosan concentrations were inversely associated with specific serum Thyroid Function biomarkers in this cohort, suggesting that triclosan may affect Thyroid homeostasis and autoimmunity.
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Thyroid Function and the risk of dementia the rotterdam study
Neurology, 2016Co-Authors: Layal Chaker, Tim I M Korevaar, Abbas Dehghan, Frank J Wolters, Daniel Bos, Albert Hofman, Aad Van Der Lugt, Peter J Koudstaal, Oscar H Franco, Meike W VernooijAbstract:Objective: To study the role of Thyroid Function in dementia, cognitive Function, and subclinical vascular brain disease with MRI. Methods: Analyses were performed within the Rotterdam Study (baseline 1997), a prospective, population-based cohort. We evaluated the association of Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine with incident dementia using Cox models adjusted for age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, and education. Absolute risks were calculated accounting for death as a competing risk factor. Associations of Thyroid Function with cognitive test scores and subclinical vascular brain disease (white matter lesions, lacunes, and microbleeds) were assessed with linear or logistic regression. Additionally, we stratified by sex and restricted analyses to normal Thyroid Function. Results: We included 9,446 participants with a mean age of 65 years. During follow-up (mean 8.0 years), 601 participants had developed dementia. Higher TSH was associated with lower dementia risk in both the full and normal ranges of Thyroid Function (hazard ratio [HR] 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83–0.98; and HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64–0.91, respectively). This association was independent of cardiovascular risk factors. Dementia risk was higher in individuals with higher free thyroxine (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07). Absolute 10-year dementia risk decreased from 15% to 10% with higher TSH in older women. Higher TSH was associated with better global cognitive scores ( p = 0.021). Thyroid Function was not related to subclinical vascular brain disease as indicated by MRI. Conclusions: High and high-normal Thyroid Function is associated with increased dementia risk. Thyroid Function is not related to vascular brain disease as assessed by MRI, suggesting a role for Thyroid hormone in nonvascular pathways leading to dementia.
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Thyroid Function and risk of type 2 diabetes a population based prospective cohort study
BMC Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Layal Chaker, Tim I M Korevaar, Robin P Peeters, Albert Hofman, Oscar H Franco, Symen Ligthart, Abbas DehghanAbstract:The association of Thyroid Function with risk of type 2 diabetes remains elusive. We aimed to investigate the association of Thyroid Function with incident diabetes and progression from prediabetes to diabetes in a population-based prospective cohort study. We included 8452 participants (mean age 65 years) with Thyroid Function measurement, defined by Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), and longitudinal assessment of diabetes incidence. Cox-models were used to investigate the association of TSH and FT4 with diabetes and progression from prediabetes to diabetes. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, sex, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose at baseline, amongst others. During a mean follow-up of 7.9 years, 798 diabetes cases occurred. Higher TSH levels were associated with a higher diabetes risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.13; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.18, per logTSH), even within the reference range of Thyroid Function (HR 1.24; 95 % CI, 1.06–1.45). Higher FT4 levels were associated with a lower diabetes risk amongst all participants (HR 0.96; 95 % CI, 0.93–0.99, per 1 pmol/L) and in participants within the reference range of Thyroid Function (HR 0.96; 95 % CI, 0.92–0.99). The risk of progression from prediabetes to diabetes was higher with low-normal Thyroid Function (HR 1.32; 95 % CI, 1.06–1.64 for TSH and HR 0.91; 95 % CI, 0.86–0.97 for FT4). Absolute risk of developing diabetes type 2 in participants with prediabetes decreased from 35 % to almost 15 % with higher FT4 levels within the normal range. Low and low-normal Thyroid Function are risk factors for incident diabetes, especially in individuals with prediabetes. Future studies should investigate whether screening for and treatment of (subclinical) hypoThyroidism is beneficial in subjects at risk of developing diabetes.
Layal Chaker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thyroid Function and mood disorders a mendelian randomization study
Thyroid, 2021Co-Authors: Layal Chaker, Aleksander Kuś, Alisa D Kjaergaard, Eirini Marouli, Fabiola Del Greco M, Rosalie B T M Sterenborg, Robin P Peeters, Tomasz BednarczukAbstract:Background: Observational studies suggest that even minor variations in Thyroid Function are associated with the risk of mood disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disord...
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association of Thyroid Function with life expectancy with and without cardiovascular disease the rotterdam study
JAMA Internal Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Arjola Bano, Layal Chaker, Arfan M Ikram, Robin P Peeters, Maryam Kavousi, Klodian Dhana, Francesco U S Mattaceraso, Oscar H FrancoAbstract:Importance Variations in Thyroid Function within reference ranges are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. However, the impact of Thyroid Function on life expectancy (LE) and the number of years lived with and without CVD remains unknown. Objective To investigate the association of Thyroid Function with total LE and LE with and without CVD among euThyroid individuals. Design, Setting, and Participants The Rotterdam Study, a population-based, prospective cohort study. We included participants without known Thyroid disease and with thyrotropin and free thyroxine (FT 4 ) levels within the reference ranges. Main Outcomes and Measures Multistate life tables were used to calculate total LE and LE with and without CVD among thyrotropin and FT 4 tertiles. Life expectancy estimates in men and women aged 50 years and older were obtained using prevalence, incidence rates, and hazard ratios for 3 transitions (healthy to CVD, healthy to death, and CVD to death), adjusting for sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Results The mean (SD) age of the 7785 participants was 64.7 (9.8) years, and 52.5% were women. Over a median follow-up of 8.1 (interquartile range, 2.7-9.9) years, we observed 789 incident CVD events and 1357 deaths. Compared with those in the lowest tertile, men and women in the highest thyrotropin tertile lived 2.0 (95% CI, 1.0 to 2.8) and 1.4 (95% CI, 0.2 to 2.4) years longer, respectively, of which, 1.5 (95% CI, 0.2 to 2.6) and 0.9 (95% CI, −0.2 to 2.0) years longer without CVD. Compared with those in the lowest tertile, the difference in life expectancy for men and women in the highest FT 4 tertile was −3.2 (95% CI, −5.0 to −1.4) and −3.5 (95% CI, −5.6 to −1.5) years, respectively, of which, −3.1 (95% CI, −4.9 to −1.4) and −2.5 (95% CI, −4.4 to −0.7) years without CVD. Conclusions and Relevance At the age of 50 years, participants with low-normal Thyroid Function live up to 3.5 years longer overall and up to 3.1 years longer without CVD than participants with high-normal Thyroid Function. These findings provide supporting evidence for a reevaluation of the current reference ranges of Thyroid Function and can help inform preventive and clinical care.
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Thyroid Function and the risk of dementia the rotterdam study
Neurology, 2016Co-Authors: Layal Chaker, Tim I M Korevaar, Abbas Dehghan, Frank J Wolters, Daniel Bos, Albert Hofman, Aad Van Der Lugt, Peter J Koudstaal, Oscar H Franco, Meike W VernooijAbstract:Objective: To study the role of Thyroid Function in dementia, cognitive Function, and subclinical vascular brain disease with MRI. Methods: Analyses were performed within the Rotterdam Study (baseline 1997), a prospective, population-based cohort. We evaluated the association of Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine with incident dementia using Cox models adjusted for age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, and education. Absolute risks were calculated accounting for death as a competing risk factor. Associations of Thyroid Function with cognitive test scores and subclinical vascular brain disease (white matter lesions, lacunes, and microbleeds) were assessed with linear or logistic regression. Additionally, we stratified by sex and restricted analyses to normal Thyroid Function. Results: We included 9,446 participants with a mean age of 65 years. During follow-up (mean 8.0 years), 601 participants had developed dementia. Higher TSH was associated with lower dementia risk in both the full and normal ranges of Thyroid Function (hazard ratio [HR] 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83–0.98; and HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64–0.91, respectively). This association was independent of cardiovascular risk factors. Dementia risk was higher in individuals with higher free thyroxine (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07). Absolute 10-year dementia risk decreased from 15% to 10% with higher TSH in older women. Higher TSH was associated with better global cognitive scores ( p = 0.021). Thyroid Function was not related to subclinical vascular brain disease as indicated by MRI. Conclusions: High and high-normal Thyroid Function is associated with increased dementia risk. Thyroid Function is not related to vascular brain disease as assessed by MRI, suggesting a role for Thyroid hormone in nonvascular pathways leading to dementia.
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Thyroid Function and risk of type 2 diabetes a population based prospective cohort study
BMC Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Layal Chaker, Tim I M Korevaar, Robin P Peeters, Albert Hofman, Oscar H Franco, Symen Ligthart, Abbas DehghanAbstract:The association of Thyroid Function with risk of type 2 diabetes remains elusive. We aimed to investigate the association of Thyroid Function with incident diabetes and progression from prediabetes to diabetes in a population-based prospective cohort study. We included 8452 participants (mean age 65 years) with Thyroid Function measurement, defined by Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), and longitudinal assessment of diabetes incidence. Cox-models were used to investigate the association of TSH and FT4 with diabetes and progression from prediabetes to diabetes. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, sex, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose at baseline, amongst others. During a mean follow-up of 7.9 years, 798 diabetes cases occurred. Higher TSH levels were associated with a higher diabetes risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.13; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.18, per logTSH), even within the reference range of Thyroid Function (HR 1.24; 95 % CI, 1.06–1.45). Higher FT4 levels were associated with a lower diabetes risk amongst all participants (HR 0.96; 95 % CI, 0.93–0.99, per 1 pmol/L) and in participants within the reference range of Thyroid Function (HR 0.96; 95 % CI, 0.92–0.99). The risk of progression from prediabetes to diabetes was higher with low-normal Thyroid Function (HR 1.32; 95 % CI, 1.06–1.64 for TSH and HR 0.91; 95 % CI, 0.86–0.97 for FT4). Absolute risk of developing diabetes type 2 in participants with prediabetes decreased from 35 % to almost 15 % with higher FT4 levels within the normal range. Low and low-normal Thyroid Function are risk factors for incident diabetes, especially in individuals with prediabetes. Future studies should investigate whether screening for and treatment of (subclinical) hypoThyroidism is beneficial in subjects at risk of developing diabetes.
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the risk of preeclampsia according to high Thyroid Function in pregnancy differs by hcg concentration
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2016Co-Authors: Tim I M Korevaar, Layal Chaker, Marco Medici, Theo J Visser, Vincent W V Jaddoe, Eric A P Steegers, Yolanda B De Rijke, Robin P PeetersAbstract:Context: During pregnancy, there is an increased demand for Thyroid hormone. The pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is an important physiological stimulator of Thyroid Function. Already high-normal maternal free T4 concentrations are associated with a higher risk of preeclampsia. Objective: The objective of the investigation was to study our hypothesis that hCG concentrations can distinguish a physiological form of high Thyroid Function from a more pathological form of high Thyroid Function and that the risk of preeclampsia would differ accordingly. Design: TSH, free T4, hCG, or thyroperoxidase antibody concentrations were determined in pregnant women participating in a population-based prospective cohort study. Setting: The study was conducted in the general community. Participants: A nonselected sample of 5146 pregnant women participated in the study. Interventions: There were no interventions. Main Outcome Measure(s): Preeclampsia was measured. Results: Women with high hCG-associated ...
Elizabeth N Pearce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Perchlorate and Thiocyanate Exposure and Thyroid Function in First-Trimester Pregnant Women
2020Co-Authors: Elizabeth N Pearce, A B Parkes, Robert Burns, Aldo Maina, J H Lazarus, Peter P.a. Smyth, D.f. Smith, Daniela Dall&apos, Jonathan P BestwickAbstract:Context: Thyroid hormone, requiring adequate maternal iodine intake, is critical for fetal neurodevelopment. Perchlorate decreases Thyroidal iodine uptake by competitively inhibiting the sodium/iodide symporter. It is unclear whether environmental perchlorate exposure adversely affects Thyroid Function in pregnant women. Thiocyanate, derived from foods and cigarette smoke, is a less potent competitive sodium/iodide symporter inhibitor than perchlorate. Objective: Our objective was to determine whether environmental perchlorate and/or thiocyanate exposure is associated with alterations in Thyroid Function in pregnancy. Design and Setting: We conducted a cross-sectional study at health centers in Cardiff, Wales, and Turin, Italy. Patients: During 2002During -2006,000 women at less than 16 wk gestation were enrolled in the Controlled Antenatal Thyroid Screening Study. Subsets of 261 hypoThyroid/hypothyroxinemic and 526 euThyroid women from Turin and 374 hypoThyroid/hypothyroxinemic and 480 euThyroid women from Cardiff were selected based on availability of stored urine samples and Thyroid Function data. Main Outcome Measures: Urinary iodine, thiocyanate, and perchlorate and serum TSH, free T 4 (FT 4 ), and thyroperoxidase antibody were measured. Results: Urinary iodine was low: median 98 g/liter in Cardiff and 52 g/liter in Turin. Urine perchlorate was detectable in all women. The median (range) urinary perchlorate concentration was 5 g/liter (0.04 -168 g/liter) in Turin and 2 g/liter (0.02-368 g/liter) in Cardiff. There were no associations between urine perchlorate concentrations and serum TSH or FT 4 in the individual euThyroid or hypoThyroid/hypothyroxinemic cohorts. In multivariable linear analyses, log perchlorate was not a predictor of serum FT 4 or TSH. Conclusions: Low-level perchlorate exposure is ubiquitous but did not affect Thyroid Function in this cohort of iodine-deficient pregnant women. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95: 3207-3215, 2010
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perchlorate and thiocyanate exposure and Thyroid Function in first trimester pregnant women
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2010Co-Authors: Elizabeth N Pearce, Xuemei He, D Dallamico, A B Parkes, Robert Burns, Aldo Maina, J H Lazarus, Peter P.a. Smyth, D.f. Smith, Jonathan P BestwickAbstract:Context: Thyroid hormone, requiring adequate maternal iodine intake, is critical for fetal neurodevelopment. Perchlorate decreases Thyroidal iodine uptake by competitively inhibiting the sodium/iodide symporter. It is unclear whether environmental perchlorate exposure adversely affects Thyroid Function in pregnant women. Thiocyanate, derived from foods and cigarette smoke, is a less potent competitive sodium/iodide symporter inhibitor than perchlorate. Objective: Our objective was to determine whether environmental perchlorate and/or thiocyanate exposure is associated with alterations in Thyroid Function in pregnancy. Design and Setting: We conducted a cross-sectional study at health centers in Cardiff, Wales, and Turin, Italy. Patients: During 2002–2006, 22,000 women at less than 16 wk gestation were enrolled in the Controlled Antenatal Thyroid Screening Study. Subsets of 261 hypoThyroid/hypothyroxinemic and 526 euThyroid women from Turin and 374 hypoThyroid/hypothyroxinemic and 480 euThyroid women from Cardiff were selected based on availability of stored urine samples and Thyroid Function data. Main Outcome Measures: Urinary iodine, thiocyanate, and perchlorate and serum TSH, free T4 (FT4), and thyroperoxidase antibody were measured. Results: Urinary iodine was low: median 98 μg/liter in Cardiff and 52 μg/liter in Turin. Urine perchlorate was detectable in all women. The median (range) urinary perchlorate concentration was 5 μg/liter (0.04–168 μg/liter) in Turin and 2 μg/liter (0.02–368 μg/liter) in Cardiff. There were no associations between urine perchlorate concentrations and serum TSH or FT4 in the individual euThyroid or hypoThyroid/hypothyroxinemic cohorts. In multivariable linear analyses, log perchlorate was not a predictor of serum FT4 or TSH. Conclusions: Low-level perchlorate exposure is ubiquitous but did not affect Thyroid Function in this cohort of iodine-deficient pregnant women.
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neonatal thyroxine maternal Thyroid Function and child cognition
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2009Co-Authors: Emily Oken, Lewis E Braverman, Deborah Platek, Marvin L Mitchell, Elizabeth N PearceAbstract:Context Thyroid hormone is essential for normal brain development. Limited data are available regarding whether Thyroid Function in neonates influences later cognitive development. Objective Our objective was to study associations of newborn T4 levels with maternal Thyroid Function and childhood cognition. Design and setting We studied participants in Project Viva, a cohort study in Massachusetts. Participants We studied a total of 500 children born 1999--2003 at 34 wk or more. Main outcome measures We determined cognitive test scores at ages 6 months and 3 yr. Results Mean newborn T4 at a mean age of 1.94 d was 17.6 (sd 4.0) microg/dl, and levels were higher in girls [1.07 microg/dl; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.38, 1.76] and infants born after longer gestation (0.42 microg/dl; 95% CI 0.17, 0.67 per wk). Newborn T4 levels were not associated with maternal T4, TSH, or Thyroid peroxidase antibody levels. On multivariable linear regression analysis, adjusting for maternal and child characteristics, higher newborn T4 was unexpectedly associated with poorer scores on the visual recognition memory test among infants at age 6 months (-0.5; 95% CI -0.9, -0.2), but not with scores at age 3 yr on either the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (0.2; 95% CI -0.1, 0.5) or the Wide Range Assessment of Visual Motor Abilities (0.1; 95% CI -0.2, 0.3). Maternal Thyroid Function test results were not associated with child cognitive test scores. Conclusions Newborn T4 concentrations within a normal physiological reference range are not associated with maternal Thyroid Function and do not predict cognitive outcome in a population living in an iodine-sufficient area.