Tick Infestation

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W Barendse - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • molecular genetic approaches for identifying the basis of variation in resistance to Tick Infestation in cattle
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Laercio Porto R Neto, N N Jonsson, M J Docchio, W Barendse
    Abstract:

    In recent years there has been renewed interest in the adaptation of cattle to challenging environments, largely driven by advances in genomic methods. The current interest in Tick resistance is understandable given the major production and welfare implications of Tick Infestation in tropical and subtropical zones where around 70% of beef cattle are located. Heritability for Tick burden in cattle has been shown to range about 0.30, which is sufficient to result in the success of some programs of selection for Tick resistance in cattle. Gene-expression studies strongly indicate that both immune and non-immune mechanisms are associated with Tick resistance in cattle. Recent quantitative-trait mapping studies have identified chromosome segments and single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with Tick burden, but no causal variant has been identified so far. Most of the genetic markers identified for Tick burden explain a relatively small proportion of the variance, which is typical of markers for quantitative traits. This leads to the conclusion that panels of multiple markers for Tick resistance rather than a single marker will most likely be developed, possibly involving specific panels for zebu or taurine breeds, which could be used for future selection and breeding programs in cattle.

Muhammad Kasib Khan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Prevalence and associated risk factors for bovine Tick Infestation in two districts of lower Punjab, Pakistan
    Preventive veterinary medicine, 2009
    Co-Authors: Muhammad Sajid, Zafar Iqbal, Muhammad Nisar Khan, Ghulam Muhammad, Muhammad Kasib Khan
    Abstract:

    Abstract Bovine Tick Infestation is still a serious nuisance to livestock and the dairy industry of Pakistan. The current paper reports the prevalence and associated risk factors for bovine Tick Infestation in the districts Layyah and Muzaffargarh of lower Punjab, Pakistan. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to identify and to quantify variation in the prevalence of bovine Tick Infestation with respect to host (age, species, sex, and breed) and environmental (geographical area and climate) determinants. Multiple stage cluster random sampling was used and 3500 cattle and buffaloes from the two districts were selected. Prevalence of bovine Tick Infestation was significantly higher (OR = 1.95; p

Annapaola Rizzoli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Tick Infestation on roe deer in relation to geographic and remotely sensed climatic variables in a Tick-borne encephalitis endemic area
    Epidemiology and infection, 2007
    Co-Authors: Giovanna Carpi, Francesca Cagnacci, Markus Neteler, Annapaola Rizzoli
    Abstract:

    Roe deer Capreolus capreolus are among the most important feeding hosts for the sheep Tick Ixodes ricinus, thus contributing to the occurrence of Tick-borne diseases in Europe. Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), which is transmitted by co-feeding of larvae and nymphs on rodents, requires precise climatic conditions to occur. We used roe deer as sentinels for potential circulation of TBE virus in Northern Italy, by examining the association between Tick Infestation, occurrence of TBE human cases, geographical and climatic parameters. Tick Infestation on roe deer, and particularly frequency of co-feeding, was clearly associated with the geographic location and the autumnal cooling rate. Consistently, TBE occurrence in humans was geographically related to co-feeding Tick abundance. The surveillance of Tick Infestation on roe deer, combined with remotely sensed climatic data, could therefore be used as an inexpensive early risk assessment tool of favourable conditions for TBE emergence and persistence in humans.

N N Jonsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • molecular genetic approaches for identifying the basis of variation in resistance to Tick Infestation in cattle
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Laercio Porto R Neto, N N Jonsson, M J Docchio, W Barendse
    Abstract:

    In recent years there has been renewed interest in the adaptation of cattle to challenging environments, largely driven by advances in genomic methods. The current interest in Tick resistance is understandable given the major production and welfare implications of Tick Infestation in tropical and subtropical zones where around 70% of beef cattle are located. Heritability for Tick burden in cattle has been shown to range about 0.30, which is sufficient to result in the success of some programs of selection for Tick resistance in cattle. Gene-expression studies strongly indicate that both immune and non-immune mechanisms are associated with Tick resistance in cattle. Recent quantitative-trait mapping studies have identified chromosome segments and single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with Tick burden, but no causal variant has been identified so far. Most of the genetic markers identified for Tick burden explain a relatively small proportion of the variance, which is typical of markers for quantitative traits. This leads to the conclusion that panels of multiple markers for Tick resistance rather than a single marker will most likely be developed, possibly involving specific panels for zebu or taurine breeds, which could be used for future selection and breeding programs in cattle.

  • experimental vaccination of sheep and cattle against Tick Infestation using recombinant 5 nucleotidase
    Parasite Immunology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Michelle Hope, X Jiang, J M Gough, L Cadogan, Peter Josh, N N Jonsson, Peter Willadsen
    Abstract:

    Limited prior evidence suggests that 5′-nucleotidase, an ectoenzyme principally located in the Malpighian tubules of the Tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, could be an effective antigen in an anti-Tick vaccine. To assess this, recombinant 5′-nucleotidase was expressed in Escherichia coli and used in vaccination trials with both sheep and cattle. Vaccinated sheep were challenged with freshly moulted adult Ticks. Those with high titres of anti-nucleotidase antibodies showed significant protection against Tick Infestation, although protection was less than that found with the previously characterized antigen, Bm86. Cattle were vaccinated, in separate groups, with 5′-nucleotidase, Bm86 and both antigens combined. Cattle, as the natural host, were challenged with larval Ticks. Although Bm86 showed typical efficacy, no significant protection was seen in cattle vaccinated with 5′-nucleotidase. Cattle receiving a dual antigen formulation were no better protected than those receiving Bm86 alone. One possible reason for the difference between host species, namely antibody titre, was examined and shown to be an unlikely explanation. This demonstrates a limitation of using a model host like sheep in vaccine studies.

Muhammad Sajid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.