The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Thierry Dore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of seeders and Tillage Equipment on vertical distribution of oilseed rape stubble
Soil & Tillage Research, 2006Co-Authors: Olivier Schneider, Jean Rogerestrade, Jeannoel Aubertot, Thierry DoreAbstract:Abstract When the spreading of a disease depends on the proportion of infected residues remaining at soil surface it is of crucial importance to analyse the effects of Tillage practices on the vertical distribution of stubble. This is the case with phoma stem canker (blackleg), whose epidemics are initiated in autumn, by air-borne ascospores released from stubble located at the soil surface. We compared initial vertical distribution of oilseed rape residues to those observed after sowing and various Tillage operations (rotary harrowing, stubble disking, chiselling and mouldboard ploughing). Almost 20% of the initially buried residue was brought back to soil surface with seeding. Rotary harrow brought 40% of the residue buried in the 0–10 cm layer up to the surface and left unburied about 70% of surface residue. Stubble disking appeared to be more efficient for residue burial than chiselling. Mouldboard plough was the only tool that buried all residues. A simple model was developed that predicted burial and return to the soil surface of potentially infected residues as a function of Tillage practices used after harvest. Simulation of different Tillage sequences showed that the order in which tools were used also affected location of residues. Our results highlighted the importance of Tillage in the cultural control of phoma stem canker and will contribute to the definition of integrated pest management strategies for oilseed rape.
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Effect of seeders and Tillage Equipment on vertical distribution of oilseed rape stubble
Soil and Tillage Research, 2006Co-Authors: Olivier Schneider, Jeannoel Aubertot, Jean Roger-estrade, Thierry DoreAbstract:International audienceWhen the spreading of a disease depends on the proportion of infected residues remaining at soil surface it is of crucial importance to analyse the effects of Tillage practices on the vertical distribution of stubble. This is the case with phoma stem canker (blackleg), whose epidemics are initiated in autumn, by air-borne ascospores released from stubble located at the soil surface. We compared initial vertical distribution of oilseed rape residues to those observed after sowing and various Tillage operations (rotary harrowing, stubble disking, chiselling and mouldboard ploughing). Almost 20% of the initially buried residue was brought back to soil surface with seeding. Rotary harrow brought 40% of the residue buried in the 0-10 cm layer up to the surface and left unburied about 70% of surface residue. Stubble disking appeared to be more efficient for residue burial than chiselling. Mouldboard plough was the only tool that buried all residues. A simple model was developed that predicted burial and return to the soil surface of potentially infected residues as a function of Tillage practices used after harvest. Simulation of different Tillage sequences showed that the order in which tools were used also affected location of residues. Our results highlighted the importance of Tillage in the cultural control of phoma stem canker and will contribute to the definition of integrated pest management strategies for oilseed rape
Zita Kriaučiūnienė - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of the strip Tillage machine parameters on the traction force, diesel consumption and CO2 emissions
Soil and Tillage Research, 2019Co-Authors: Kristina Lekavičienė, Egidijus Šarauskis, Vilma Naujokienė, Sidona Buragienė, Zita KriaučiūnienėAbstract:Abstract Strip Tillage has become increasingly more popular owing to the reduced direct impact of the soil Tillage machines. Depending on the crops cultivated and strip widths, only a part of the soil is disturbed therefore the impact on soil is reduced. Strip Tillage has a positive impact on soil protection and recycle of energy. Furthermore, the use of energy is influenced by the design and the operation of the strip Tillage Equipment. Through field investigations and empirical analyses this study allowed determining the influence of the parameters of the row cleaners and the hoe coulters – two elements of strip Tillage Equipment – on traction force and diesel consumption. Field experiments were carried out on soil after the harvest of spring wheat. By changing rake angle (10°, 15°, and 22.5°), depth of hoe coulter penetration (0, 100, and 200 mm), and working speed (1.3, 1.9, and 2.5 m s−1), traction force and diesel consumption were determined. Results of the field experiments and empirical analyses showed that an increase in rake angle between the row cleaner discs had no significant effect on CO2 emissions and diesel consumption while increase of driving speed and penetration depth of hoe coulter significantly influenced diesel consumption and tractor’s CO2 emissions.
Egidijus Šarauskis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of the strip Tillage machine parameters on the traction force, diesel consumption and CO2 emissions
Soil and Tillage Research, 2019Co-Authors: Kristina Lekavičienė, Egidijus Šarauskis, Vilma Naujokienė, Sidona Buragienė, Zita KriaučiūnienėAbstract:Abstract Strip Tillage has become increasingly more popular owing to the reduced direct impact of the soil Tillage machines. Depending on the crops cultivated and strip widths, only a part of the soil is disturbed therefore the impact on soil is reduced. Strip Tillage has a positive impact on soil protection and recycle of energy. Furthermore, the use of energy is influenced by the design and the operation of the strip Tillage Equipment. Through field investigations and empirical analyses this study allowed determining the influence of the parameters of the row cleaners and the hoe coulters – two elements of strip Tillage Equipment – on traction force and diesel consumption. Field experiments were carried out on soil after the harvest of spring wheat. By changing rake angle (10°, 15°, and 22.5°), depth of hoe coulter penetration (0, 100, and 200 mm), and working speed (1.3, 1.9, and 2.5 m s−1), traction force and diesel consumption were determined. Results of the field experiments and empirical analyses showed that an increase in rake angle between the row cleaner discs had no significant effect on CO2 emissions and diesel consumption while increase of driving speed and penetration depth of hoe coulter significantly influenced diesel consumption and tractor’s CO2 emissions.
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Design, development and field evaluation of row-cleaners for strip Tillage in conservation farming
Soil and Tillage Research, 2017Co-Authors: Kristina Vaitauskienė, Egidijus Šarauskis, Kęstutis Romaneckas, Algirdas JasinskasAbstract:Abstract Given the drawbacks of conventional soil Tillage and direct drilling, an environmentally friendly technology of strip-Tillage has been gaining increasing popularity worldwide because it allows the employment of full Tillage and direct drilling advantages. Strip-Tillage compared to the direct drilling is a good option for proper seedbed preparation because it ensures favourable conditions for seed germination; in comparison with full Tillage it reduces working time, fuel and production costs, protects soil, and is environmentally friendly. To remove plant residues from a tilled soil strip row, cleaners of different shapes are used. There is a lack of knowledge regarding which design and technological parameters of the row cleaners of strip-Tillage Equipment are best suited for interaction with soil and plant residues. Therefore, theoretical research of 340 mm serrated disc row cleaners was carried out, which substantiated the strip width while assessing the disc rake angle, gap between the centres of row cleaner disc fixing holders (gap B lc ) and working speed. The experimental research was carried out in the Trial Station of Aleksandras Stulginskis University; it established the influence of different technological parameters of row cleaners on the distance of wheat residue removal. The experimental research established that the serrated disc row cleaners of a strip-Tillage machine cleans the greatest amount of plant residues; when the rake angle of the cleaner discs varies from 10° to 15°, gap B lc is 165–180 mm, and the working speed ranges from 1.3 m s 1 to 2.5 m s 1 .
Olivier Schneider - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of seeders and Tillage Equipment on vertical distribution of oilseed rape stubble
Soil & Tillage Research, 2006Co-Authors: Olivier Schneider, Jean Rogerestrade, Jeannoel Aubertot, Thierry DoreAbstract:Abstract When the spreading of a disease depends on the proportion of infected residues remaining at soil surface it is of crucial importance to analyse the effects of Tillage practices on the vertical distribution of stubble. This is the case with phoma stem canker (blackleg), whose epidemics are initiated in autumn, by air-borne ascospores released from stubble located at the soil surface. We compared initial vertical distribution of oilseed rape residues to those observed after sowing and various Tillage operations (rotary harrowing, stubble disking, chiselling and mouldboard ploughing). Almost 20% of the initially buried residue was brought back to soil surface with seeding. Rotary harrow brought 40% of the residue buried in the 0–10 cm layer up to the surface and left unburied about 70% of surface residue. Stubble disking appeared to be more efficient for residue burial than chiselling. Mouldboard plough was the only tool that buried all residues. A simple model was developed that predicted burial and return to the soil surface of potentially infected residues as a function of Tillage practices used after harvest. Simulation of different Tillage sequences showed that the order in which tools were used also affected location of residues. Our results highlighted the importance of Tillage in the cultural control of phoma stem canker and will contribute to the definition of integrated pest management strategies for oilseed rape.
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Effect of seeders and Tillage Equipment on vertical distribution of oilseed rape stubble
Soil and Tillage Research, 2006Co-Authors: Olivier Schneider, Jeannoel Aubertot, Jean Roger-estrade, Thierry DoreAbstract:International audienceWhen the spreading of a disease depends on the proportion of infected residues remaining at soil surface it is of crucial importance to analyse the effects of Tillage practices on the vertical distribution of stubble. This is the case with phoma stem canker (blackleg), whose epidemics are initiated in autumn, by air-borne ascospores released from stubble located at the soil surface. We compared initial vertical distribution of oilseed rape residues to those observed after sowing and various Tillage operations (rotary harrowing, stubble disking, chiselling and mouldboard ploughing). Almost 20% of the initially buried residue was brought back to soil surface with seeding. Rotary harrow brought 40% of the residue buried in the 0-10 cm layer up to the surface and left unburied about 70% of surface residue. Stubble disking appeared to be more efficient for residue burial than chiselling. Mouldboard plough was the only tool that buried all residues. A simple model was developed that predicted burial and return to the soil surface of potentially infected residues as a function of Tillage practices used after harvest. Simulation of different Tillage sequences showed that the order in which tools were used also affected location of residues. Our results highlighted the importance of Tillage in the cultural control of phoma stem canker and will contribute to the definition of integrated pest management strategies for oilseed rape
D C Reicosky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Importance of information on Tillage practices in the modelling of environmental processes and in the use of environmental indicators.
Journal of environmental management, 2006Co-Authors: David A. Lobb, Edward Huffman, D C ReicoskyAbstract:Tillage has been and will always be integral to crop production. Tillage can result in the degradation of soil, water, and air quality. Of all farm management practices, Tillage may have the greatest impact on the environment. A wide variety of Tillage Equipment, practices and systems are available to farmers, providing opportunities to enhance environmental performance. These opportunities have made Tillage a popular focus of environmental policies and programs such as environmental indicators for agriculture. This paper provides a very brief examination of the role of Tillage in crop production, its effect on biophysical processes and, therefore, its impact on the environment. Models of biophysical processes are briefly examined to demonstrate the importance of Tillage relative to other farm management practices and to demonstrate the detail of Tillage data that these models can demand. The focus of this paper is an examination of the use of information on Tillage in Canada's agri-environmental indicators initiative, National Agri-environmental Health Analysis and Reporting Program (NAHARP). Information on Tillage is required for several of the indicators in NAHARP. The type of data used, its source, and its quality are discussed. Recommendations regarding the collection of Tillage data and use of Tillage information are presented.
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fall Tillage method effect on short term carbon dioxide flux from soil
Agronomy Journal, 1993Co-Authors: D C Reicosky, M J LindstromAbstract:The increasing concern for rising CO 2 concentrations from agricultural activities has prompted the need to better understand the flux of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. This work determines the effect of four fall Tillage methods on short-term CO 2 flux from a Hamerly clay loam (fine-loamy, frigid Aeric Calciaquoll) in the northern Corn Belt. Moldboard plow only, moldboard plow plus disk harrow twice, disk harrow once, and chisel plow once using standard Tillage Equipment following a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop were compared with no-Tillage. The CO 2 flux was measured with a large portable system commonly used to measure canopy gas exchange of field crops [...]
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Fall Tillage Method: Effect on Short‐Term Carbon Dioxide Flux from Soil
Agronomy Journal, 1993Co-Authors: D C Reicosky, M J LindstromAbstract:The increasing concern for rising CO 2 concentrations from agricultural activities has prompted the need to better understand the flux of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. This work determines the effect of four fall Tillage methods on short-term CO 2 flux from a Hamerly clay loam (fine-loamy, frigid Aeric Calciaquoll) in the northern Corn Belt. Moldboard plow only, moldboard plow plus disk harrow twice, disk harrow once, and chisel plow once using standard Tillage Equipment following a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop were compared with no-Tillage. The CO 2 flux was measured with a large portable system commonly used to measure canopy gas exchange of field crops [...]