The Experts below are selected from a list of 2535 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Lori M Carris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of sequence characterized amplified genomic regions scar for fungal systematics proof of principle using alternaria ascochyta and Tilletia
Mycologia, 2013Co-Authors: Jane E Stewart, Lori M Carris, Xiaodong Bao, Marion Andrew, Martin I Chilvers, Tobin L. PeeverAbstract:SCARs were developed by cloning RAPD- PCR amplicons into commercially available vectors, sequencing them and designing specific primers for PCR, direct sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Eighteen to seventy percent of cloned RAPD-PCR amplicons were phylogenetically informative among closely related small-spored Alternaria spp., Ascochyta spp. and Tilletia spp., taxa that have been resistant to phylogenetic analysis with universally primed, pro- tein-coding sequence data. Selected SCARs were sequenced for larger, population-scale samples of each taxon and demonstrated to be useful for phylogenetic inference. Variation observed in the cloned SCARs generally was higher than variation in nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and several protein-coding sequences commonly used in lower level fungal systematics. Sequence data derived from SCARs will provide sufficient resolution to address lower level phylogenetic hypotheses in Alternaria, Ascochyta, Tilletia and possibly many other fungal groups and organisms.
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Tilletia puccinelliae, a new species of reticulate-spored bunt fungus infecting Puccinellia distans
Mycologia, 2010Co-Authors: Xiaodong Bao, Lori M Carris, Guoming Huang, Jiafeng Luo, Yueting Liu, Lisa A CastleburyAbstract:A shipment of Fults alkaligrass seed (Puc- cinellia distans) grown in Washington state containing bunted florets was intercepted by quarantine officials at China's Tianjin Entry-Exit Quarantine and Inspec- tion Bureau. The bunted florets were filled with irregularly shaped, reticulately ornamented telio- spores that germinated in a manner characteristic of systemically infecting Tilletia spp. on grass hosts in subfamily Pooideae. Based on morphological charac- ters and a multigene phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region rDNA, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha and a region of the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II including a putative intein, the Puccinellia bunt is genetically distinct from known species of Tilletia and is proposed as a new species, T. puccinelliae.
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Tilletia vankyi a new species of reticulate spored bunt fungus with non conjugating basidiospores infecting species of festuca and lolium
Fungal Biology, 2007Co-Authors: Lori M Carris, Lisa A Castlebury, Guoming Huang, Jiafeng Luo, S C Alderman, Xiaodong BaoAbstract:A bunt fungus, exhibiting a spore germination pattern unique to known reticulate-spored species of Tilletia was found infecting plants in seed production fields of Festuca rubra ssp. rubra (red fescue) and F. rubra ssp. fallax (Chewing's fescue) in Oregon, and in seed lots of Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) from Australia and Germany. Teliospores germinated to form 20-40 uninucleate, non-conjugating basidiospores, and colonies derived from single basidiospores produced teliospores in culture. In inoculation studies using single basidiospore colonies, perennial ryegrass and L. perenne ssp. multiflorum (Italian or annual ryegrass) were infected. A phylogenetic analysis, based on ITS region rDNA, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha, and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II demonstrated that the fescue and ryegrass bunts are conspecific, and distinct from known species of Tilletia.
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Nonsystemic bunt fungi--Tilletia indica and T. horrida: a review of history, systematics, and biology.
Annual review of phytopathology, 2006Co-Authors: Lori M Carris, Lisa A Castlebury, Blair J. GoatesAbstract:The genus Tilletia is a group of smut fungi that infects grasses either systemically or locally. Basic differences exist between the systemically infecting species, such as the common and dwarf bunt fungi, and locally infecting species. Tilletia indica, which causes Karnal bunt of wheat, and Tilletia horrida, which causes rice kernel smut, are two examples of locally infecting species on economically important crops. However, even species on noncultivated hosts can become important when occurring as contaminants in export grain and seed shipments. In this review, we focus on T. indica and the morphologically similar but distantly related T. horrida, considering history, systematics, and biology. In addition, the controversial generic placement and evolutionary relationships of these two species are discussed in light of recent molecular studies.
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Nonsystemic Bunt Fungi—Tilletia indica and T. horrida: A Review of History, Systematics,
2006Co-Authors: Lori M Carris, Lisa A Castlebury, Blair J. GoatesAbstract:The genus Tilletia is a group of smut fungi that infects grasses either systemically or locally. Basic differences exist between the systemi- cally infecting species, such as the common and dwarf bunt fungi, and locally infecting species. Tilletia indica, which causes Karnal bunt of wheat, and Tilletia horrida, which causes rice kernel smut, are two ex- amples of locally infecting species on economically important crops. However, even species on noncultivated hosts can become important when occurring as contaminants in export grain and seed shipments. In this review, we focus on T. indica and the morphologically similar but distantly related T. horrida, considering history, systematics, and biology. In addition, the controversial generic placement and evo- lutionary relationships of these two species are discussed in light of recent molecular studies.
P. M. Gray - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization of Tilletia goloskokovii and allied species
Mycologia, 1998Co-Authors: M. L. Boyd, Lori M Carris, P. M. GrayAbstract:Isolates of Tilletia goloskokovii infecting Apera interrupta collected in the Pacific Northwest were characterized and compared to the T. fusca complex and related taxa. The previous known dis- tribution of T. goloskokovii is based on one collection from Kazakhstan; the 24 isolates from the Pacific Northwest represent the first report of this species in North America. Comparison of teliospore morphol- ogy, host range, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and restriction fragment length poly- morphisms (RFLP) of the ITS region showed that T. goloskokovii is distinct from the European species, T separata, the only other smut fungus infecting an Apera host. Mean length, width, depth of reticula- tions and meshes per teliospore diameter were sig- nificantly different between T separata and T golos- kokovii. RAPD analysis indicated that T goloskokovii is more similar to T separata than to the T fusca complex. Two major clusters were separated in the dendrogram based on RAPD analysis, one cluster with isolates of T. controversa, brome-infecting varie- ties of T. fusca, and the Apera-infecting isolates, and a second cluster with Vulpia-infecting isolates of T. fusca. Tilletia sphaerococca and T menieri, morpho- logically similar but distinct taxa, were compared to T. separata and T goloskokovii. The importance of considering host specificity and molecular characters in addition to morphological characters in delimiting discrete taxa in the genus Tilletia is discussed.
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The ability of Tilletia fusca to hybridize with the wheat bunt species under axenic conditions
Mycologia, 1994Co-Authors: Lori M Carris, P. M. GrayAbstract:AbstractMembers of the Tilletia fusca complex, a group of bunt fungi occurring on wild grass hosts, were successfully hybridized with the wheat bunt species T. controversa, T. laevis and T. tritici...
Lisa A Castlebury - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Tilletia puccinelliae, a new species of reticulate-spored bunt fungus infecting Puccinellia distans
Mycologia, 2010Co-Authors: Xiaodong Bao, Lori M Carris, Guoming Huang, Jiafeng Luo, Yueting Liu, Lisa A CastleburyAbstract:A shipment of Fults alkaligrass seed (Puc- cinellia distans) grown in Washington state containing bunted florets was intercepted by quarantine officials at China's Tianjin Entry-Exit Quarantine and Inspec- tion Bureau. The bunted florets were filled with irregularly shaped, reticulately ornamented telio- spores that germinated in a manner characteristic of systemically infecting Tilletia spp. on grass hosts in subfamily Pooideae. Based on morphological charac- ters and a multigene phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region rDNA, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha and a region of the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II including a putative intein, the Puccinellia bunt is genetically distinct from known species of Tilletia and is proposed as a new species, T. puccinelliae.
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Tilletia vankyi a new species of reticulate spored bunt fungus with non conjugating basidiospores infecting species of festuca and lolium
Fungal Biology, 2007Co-Authors: Lori M Carris, Lisa A Castlebury, Guoming Huang, Jiafeng Luo, S C Alderman, Xiaodong BaoAbstract:A bunt fungus, exhibiting a spore germination pattern unique to known reticulate-spored species of Tilletia was found infecting plants in seed production fields of Festuca rubra ssp. rubra (red fescue) and F. rubra ssp. fallax (Chewing's fescue) in Oregon, and in seed lots of Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) from Australia and Germany. Teliospores germinated to form 20-40 uninucleate, non-conjugating basidiospores, and colonies derived from single basidiospores produced teliospores in culture. In inoculation studies using single basidiospore colonies, perennial ryegrass and L. perenne ssp. multiflorum (Italian or annual ryegrass) were infected. A phylogenetic analysis, based on ITS region rDNA, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha, and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II demonstrated that the fescue and ryegrass bunts are conspecific, and distinct from known species of Tilletia.
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Nonsystemic bunt fungi--Tilletia indica and T. horrida: a review of history, systematics, and biology.
Annual review of phytopathology, 2006Co-Authors: Lori M Carris, Lisa A Castlebury, Blair J. GoatesAbstract:The genus Tilletia is a group of smut fungi that infects grasses either systemically or locally. Basic differences exist between the systemically infecting species, such as the common and dwarf bunt fungi, and locally infecting species. Tilletia indica, which causes Karnal bunt of wheat, and Tilletia horrida, which causes rice kernel smut, are two examples of locally infecting species on economically important crops. However, even species on noncultivated hosts can become important when occurring as contaminants in export grain and seed shipments. In this review, we focus on T. indica and the morphologically similar but distantly related T. horrida, considering history, systematics, and biology. In addition, the controversial generic placement and evolutionary relationships of these two species are discussed in light of recent molecular studies.
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Nonsystemic Bunt Fungi—Tilletia indica and T. horrida: A Review of History, Systematics,
2006Co-Authors: Lori M Carris, Lisa A Castlebury, Blair J. GoatesAbstract:The genus Tilletia is a group of smut fungi that infects grasses either systemically or locally. Basic differences exist between the systemi- cally infecting species, such as the common and dwarf bunt fungi, and locally infecting species. Tilletia indica, which causes Karnal bunt of wheat, and Tilletia horrida, which causes rice kernel smut, are two ex- amples of locally infecting species on economically important crops. However, even species on noncultivated hosts can become important when occurring as contaminants in export grain and seed shipments. In this review, we focus on T. indica and the morphologically similar but distantly related T. horrida, considering history, systematics, and biology. In addition, the controversial generic placement and evo- lutionary relationships of these two species are discussed in light of recent molecular studies.
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internal transcribed spacer sequence based phylogeny and polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism differentiation of Tilletia walkeri and t indica
Phytopathology, 2001Co-Authors: Laurene Levy, Lisa A Castlebury, Lori M Carris, Robert J Meyer, Guillermo PimentelAbstract:ABSTRACT A polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay to distinguish Tilleita walkeri, a rye grass bunt fungus that occurs in the southeastern United States and Oregon, from T. indica, the Karnal bunt fungus, is described. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA repeat unit was amplified and sequenced for isolates of T. indica, T. walkeri, T. horrida, and a number of other taxa in the genus Tilletia. A unique restriction digest site in the ITS1 region of T. walkeri was identified that distinguishes it from the other taxa in the genus. Phylogenetic analysis of the taxa based on ITS sequence data revealed a close relationship between T. indica and T. walkeri, but more distant relationships between these two species and other morphologically similar taxa.
Krzysztof Kubiak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Detection of Tilletia caries, Tilletia laevis and Tilletia controversa wheat grain contamination using loop-mediated isothermal DNA amplification (LAMP).
Journal of microbiological methods, 2018Co-Authors: Katarzyna Pieczul, A. Perek, Krzysztof KubiakAbstract:Abstract The study describes a novel diagnostic protocol based on a loop-mediated isothermal DNA amplification (LAMP) for identification of wheat grains infection by Tilletia laevis, Tilletia caries (common bunt) and Tilletia controversa (draft bunt). The presented data showed that the LAMP analysis is a simple, specific and rapid method that could be used for detection of Tilletia spp. in contaminated grain samples. The lowest DNA concentration required for the successful detection of Tilletia spp. strains were estimated to be 0.001 ng/μl. Simultaneously the detection limit for wheat grain contamination by T. caries and T. laevis teliospores was estimated at 20 μg per 100 g of grain. For T. controversa detection limit was lower and was approximately 20 mg of teliospores per 100 g of grain. The negative results of the LAMP reactions were achieved for the most common fungal species colonizing wheat grain like Fusarium spp., Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., Helminthosporium sp., and Penicillium sp.
Li Gao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of issr derived scar marker and sybr green i real time pcr method for detection of teliospores of Tilletia laevis kuhn
Scientific Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Zhaoqun Yao, Wanquan Chen, Taiguo Liu, Dandan Qin, Delai Chen, Changzhong Liu, Bo Liu, Li GaoAbstract:Common bunt, caused by Tilletia laevis Kuhn [syn. T. foetida (Wallr) Liro] and Tilletia tritici (Bjerk.) Wint. [syn. T. caries (DC) Tul.], is an important wheat disease worldwide. To quickly differentiate the closely related fungi T. laevis, T. tritici and Tilletia controversa (a pathogen that causes dwarf bunt of wheat and has been requested as a quarantined pathogen in many countries), a rapid diagnostic and detection method for an ISSR molecular marker was developed for the first time in this study. Based on the T. laevis-specific band (1300 bp) amplified by the primer ISSR860, a pair of SCAR primers (L60F/L60R) was designed to amplify a specific 660-bp DNA fragment from the isolates of T. laevis but not other related pathogens. The detection limit of the SCAR marker was 0.4 ng/μl of DNA from T. laevis; moreover, a SYBR Green I real-time PCR method was also successfully developed based on the SCAR marker with the detection limit of 10 fg/μl T. laevis DNA. This is the first report of a rapid, specific and highly sensitive SCAR marker and SYBR Green I real-time PCR method for detection of the teliospores of T. laevis based on ISSR technology. This method allows highly efficient, rapid and accurate differentiation of the pathogen from related pathogens, especially from the very similar pathogens T. tritici and T. controversa.
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an issr based approach for the molecular detection and diagnosis of dwarf bunt of wheat caused by Tilletia controversa kuhn
Journal of Phytopathology, 2011Co-Authors: Li Gao, Wanquan Chen, Taiguo LiuAbstract:Abstract Dwarf bunt of wheat, caused by Tilletia controversaKu¨hn, is an important international quarantine diseasein many countries. The objective of this investigationwas to develop a diagnostic molecular marker gener-ated from intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) for rapididentification of T. controversa. A total of 60 primerswere tested by ISSR to detect DNA polymorphismsbetween T. controversa and related species. The primerISSR818 generated a polymorphic pattern displaying a952- bp DNA fragment specific for T. controversa. Themarker was converted into a sequence characterizedamplified region (SCAR), and specific primers(TCKSF2⁄TCKSR2) were designed for use in a PCRdetection assay. Its detection limit was 1 ng of DNA,which could be yielded by 1.1 lg of teliospores in a25- ll PCR. Conclusively, a method to distinguishT. controversa from similar pathogenic fungi has beensuccessfully developed based on the use of a SCARmarker. Introduction Dwarf bunt of wheat, caused by Tilletia controversaKu¨hn, is an important international quarantine dis-ease. The teliospore morphology and genetic structureof T. controversa, Tilletia caries and Tilletia foetida areso similar that they are not easy to distinguish.ITS regions of the ribosomal subunit have been usedas a target region for species-specific primers (OGor-man et al. 1994; Salaza et al. 2000; Errampalli et al.2001). However, in the case of common bunt, it wasnot possible to design species-specific primers in thesequenced ITS region, as there is no variation betweenthe ITS2 region of T. caries, T. foetida, T. controversa,and Tilletia bromi (Josefsen and Christiansen 2002).A similar conclusion was drawn by Mulholland andMcEwan (2000), who designed Tilletia-specific primersin the large subunit of the ribosomal RNA genes to beused in a PCR-based seed health assay. The identifica-tion of smut fungi has been reported for Tilletia indica,T. controversa ,T. caries T. foetida and other relatedfungi (Frederick et al. 1998; Eibel et al. 2005; Lianget al. 2006). However, none of these investigationsreadily and clearly distinguished T. controversa fromsimilar pathogens.Therefore, screening random regions of the fungalgenome for the species may reveal species specificity(Liu et al. 2009). DNA molecular marker technologyprovides a powerful tool for identification with theadvantages of time-saving, less labour-consumptionand more efficiency (Dongre and Parkhi 2005; Liuet al. 2007). Intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) is anovel molecular marker technique and is a PCR-based method that is similar to random amplificationof polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique except thatthe ISSR primer sequences are longer and aredesigned from microsatellite regions (Agarwal et al.2008). Therefore, the annealing temperatures used arehigher than those used for RAPD markers, whichcould lead to higher consistency of the PCR prod-ucts. Hantula et al. (1996) found that ISSRs are com-mon in Ustilago genomes by conducting a computersearch on all available Ustilago sequences. The use ofspecific sequence characterized amplified region(SCAR) markers is also a powerful tool to unambig-uously identify a particular strain (Weber et al. 2002).Thus, for further specific and reliable discriminationof T. controversa, development of SCAR markers isvery essential. In this study, ISSR technique has beensuccessfully applied to develop a SCAR marker fordiagnosis of dwarf bunt of wheat and detection ofT. controversa.
