The Experts below are selected from a list of 219 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Songyuan Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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china s new road for Tobacco control Tobacco Crop substitution
American Journal of Public Health, 2018Co-Authors: Songyuan TangAbstract:The article explores Tobacco control in China as of 2018, focusing on whether or not Tobacco Crop substitution could aid the cause. Additional topics discussed include how China sets a quota for Tobacco leaf production to ensure revenue to the state, the health impact of China's transition to a developed country and world economic power, and social conditions for farmers in China. The WHO (World Health Organization) and the United Nations Development Program are also noted.
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Successful experience with Tobacco Crop substitution in Yuxi, Yunnan, China
European Publishing, 2018Co-Authors: Songyuan Tang, Ying Cui, Jiani Sun, Kelvin KhowAbstract:Background China is the largest Tobacco producer globally, with Yunnan province being the largest Tobacco-producing region. In China there are 20 million Tobacco farmers. Showing that income from Crop substitution can exceed that from Tobacco growth is essential to persuading farm families to stop planting Tobacco. In Yuxi Municipality, collaborators from Yuxi Bureau of Agriculture, University of California at Los Angeles School of Public Health, and Kunming Medical University initiated a Tobacco Crop substitution project. At 3 sites, 458 farm families volunteered to participate in a new, for-profit cooperative model. This project successfully identified an approach engaging farmers in cooperatives to substitute food Crops for Tobacco. Methods The current follow-up project utilized official data from the Yuxi Municipal Bureau of Agriculture. Three pilot counties - Hongta District, Chengjiang County, Eshan County - were selected for information collection on acreage of Tobacco, vegetables, fruits and other Crops, and net income of farmers. Results Compared to 2012, Yuxi Tobacco planting area has dropped significantly from 763,494 Chinese mu (one Chinese mu equals 0.16 acres) to 586,404 Chinese mu in 2015, whereas the area devoted to vegetables and fruits has increased 24%. The net income change directly linked to the Tobacco Crop substitution was an increase of more than 3000 yuan ($ 484) per capita in Yuxi city and the three pilot project areas, observed from the 2012-2015 data. By mid-2014 and for the first time, farmers' per capita income passed 10,000 yuan ($ 1613). Conclusions The Tobacco substitutition pilot project in Yuxi reduced the density of Tobacco planting and increased planting area of vegetables and fruits. The results not only increased the economic status of farmers, but also benefited the health of the public by reducing the availability of Tobacco in China. The diffusion of Tobacco Crop substitution in Yunnan provides a good example for China
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China’s New Road for Tobacco Control: Tobacco Crop Substitution.
American journal of public health, 2018Co-Authors: Songyuan TangAbstract:The article explores Tobacco control in China as of 2018, focusing on whether or not Tobacco Crop substitution could aid the cause. Additional topics discussed include how China sets a quota for Tobacco leaf production to ensure revenue to the state, the health impact of China's transition to a developed country and world economic power, and social conditions for farmers in China. The WHO (World Health Organization) and the United Nations Development Program are also noted.
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Tobacco Crop Substitution: Pilot Effort in China
American journal of public health, 2012Co-Authors: Qiongli Wang, Songyuan Tang, Ning Xia, Caroline C. WangAbstract:In China, approximately 20 million farmers produce the world's largest share of Tobacco. Showing that income from Crop substitution can exceed that from Tobacco growth is essential to persuading farm families to stop planting Tobacco, grown abundantly in Yunnan Province. In the Yuxi Municipality, collaborators from the Yuxi Bureau of Agriculture and the University of California at Los Angeles School of Public Health initiated a Tobacco Crop substitution project. At 3 sites, 458 farm families volunteered to participate in a new, for-profit cooperative model. This project successfully identified an approach engaging farmers in cooperatives to substitute food Crops for Tobacco, thereby increasing farmers' annual income between 21% and 110% per acre.
Paulo Sergio Pavinato - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Soil nitrogen dynamics under Tobacco with different fertilizer management in southern Brazil
Geoderma Regional, 2020Co-Authors: Thaís De Marchi Soares, Fabricio Silva Coelho, Vando Braz De Oliveira, Oscar Pontes, Paulo Sergio PavinatoAbstract:Abstract Nitrogen (N) is an essential element to the constitution and metabolism of many plant components, being the most effective nutrient for improving yield and quality of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plantations. We aimed to quantify potential N losses through leaching and volatilization and consequent Tobacco yield under N fertilizer sources/management in southern Brazil. Experiments were conducted under similar conditions in four locations over three Cropping seasons: 2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. Treatments were three N sources (urea, Chilean saltpeter and ammonium nitrate) with distinct application methods for urea (incorporated and broadcasted) plus a control (zero). N losses were quantified through ammonia (NH3) volatilization and inorganic N (nitrate and ammonium) movement down the soil profile, by tracking their concentration in soil solution and accumulation in soil layers over the Tobacco growing cycles. Tobacco yield and N accumulation in leaves were annually determined. Tobacco yield was positively influenced by N fertilizer application, irrespective of the source/management used. Amongst sources, Chilean saltpeter presented the lowest NH3 emission, being the most effective in maintaining higher inorganic N in soil solution. Expressive volatilization of NH3 was observed under urea in surface application, reaching 16% of loss from fertilizer. Overall, it was detected higher concentration of nitrate and ammonium in the initial Tobacco Crop phase, between 20 and 50 days after transplanting. Therefore, as a practical recommendation splitting the early Tobacco N rates in later applications should be considered to minimize losses through leaching and better synchronize Crop demand.
Valdemir Antoneli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Long-term soil quality decline due to the conventional Tobacco tillage in Southern Brazil
Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 2021Co-Authors: Edivaldo Lopes Thomaz, Valdemir AntoneliAbstract:Since 1970, most of the Tobacco has been cultivated using conventional tillage system in Southern Brazil. No long-term soil degradation assessment on Tobacco Crop has been performed, particularly, ...
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Coupling soil transfer from hillslope to riparian zone through natural fingerprint in a catchment with Tobacco Crop
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2018Co-Authors: Fábio Luiz Melquiades, Rodrigo O. Bastos, Leonardo S. Andreoni, Edivaldo Lopes Thomaz, Valdemir AntoneliAbstract:Studies on soil provenance are important to evaluate the impacts generated in agricultural soil and in the micro basin environment intending to point out solutions to erosion control. This study has been accomplished to evaluate the soil transport in a hillslope where there is a Tobacco Crop and its connectivity with the riparian zone, correlating the location and depth profile of the samples with their chemical signature. Easy sample preparation, non-destructive analytical methods, and multivariate statistics for soil discrimination in different position and depths were performed for chemical element quantification. The micro basin studied is in the center of Parana State, in Brazil. Eleven soil profiles were sampled comprising hillslope, riparian zone, connection zone, and control area. The profiles were collected at five depths: 0–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–40, and 40–50 cm. The analytical techniques applied were gamma spectrometry, to determine eU, eTh, K, and 137Cs, and portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Sr, and Zr quantification. 137Cs was identified on the surface of the control area, confirming that this zone has not been disturbed since the last global fallout. Individual analysis per metal and principal component analysis (PCA) with the average values per depth and location were performed and interpreted together with the results of the 137Cs. Samples collected in the connection area shows chemical similarity to the superficial samples of the riparian zone, either for the control area or the deposition zone. The sediments generated by the Tobacco Crop have a similar chemical signature compared to the undisturbed soil for the analyzed natural elements. This is product of the natural pedogenesis process occurring in the toeslope micro basin riparian zone. The predominant influence in the PCA’s responses is related to the local topography. The chemical signature of the hillslope soil is changing while it moves to the deposition.
Caroline C. Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Tobacco Crop Substitution: Pilot Effort in China
American journal of public health, 2012Co-Authors: Qiongli Wang, Songyuan Tang, Ning Xia, Caroline C. WangAbstract:In China, approximately 20 million farmers produce the world's largest share of Tobacco. Showing that income from Crop substitution can exceed that from Tobacco growth is essential to persuading farm families to stop planting Tobacco, grown abundantly in Yunnan Province. In the Yuxi Municipality, collaborators from the Yuxi Bureau of Agriculture and the University of California at Los Angeles School of Public Health initiated a Tobacco Crop substitution project. At 3 sites, 458 farm families volunteered to participate in a new, for-profit cooperative model. This project successfully identified an approach engaging farmers in cooperatives to substitute food Crops for Tobacco, thereby increasing farmers' annual income between 21% and 110% per acre.
Thaís De Marchi Soares - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Soil nitrogen dynamics under Tobacco with different fertilizer management in southern Brazil
Geoderma Regional, 2020Co-Authors: Thaís De Marchi Soares, Fabricio Silva Coelho, Vando Braz De Oliveira, Oscar Pontes, Paulo Sergio PavinatoAbstract:Abstract Nitrogen (N) is an essential element to the constitution and metabolism of many plant components, being the most effective nutrient for improving yield and quality of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plantations. We aimed to quantify potential N losses through leaching and volatilization and consequent Tobacco yield under N fertilizer sources/management in southern Brazil. Experiments were conducted under similar conditions in four locations over three Cropping seasons: 2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. Treatments were three N sources (urea, Chilean saltpeter and ammonium nitrate) with distinct application methods for urea (incorporated and broadcasted) plus a control (zero). N losses were quantified through ammonia (NH3) volatilization and inorganic N (nitrate and ammonium) movement down the soil profile, by tracking their concentration in soil solution and accumulation in soil layers over the Tobacco growing cycles. Tobacco yield and N accumulation in leaves were annually determined. Tobacco yield was positively influenced by N fertilizer application, irrespective of the source/management used. Amongst sources, Chilean saltpeter presented the lowest NH3 emission, being the most effective in maintaining higher inorganic N in soil solution. Expressive volatilization of NH3 was observed under urea in surface application, reaching 16% of loss from fertilizer. Overall, it was detected higher concentration of nitrate and ammonium in the initial Tobacco Crop phase, between 20 and 50 days after transplanting. Therefore, as a practical recommendation splitting the early Tobacco N rates in later applications should be considered to minimize losses through leaching and better synchronize Crop demand.