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  • 116 differences between 5 and 6 day progestogen based oestrus induction protocol in saanen and Toggenburg goats
    Reproduction Fertility and Development, 2021
    Co-Authors: J B S Pinheiro, J M G Souzafabjan, L Correia, M E F Oliveira, J F Fonseca
    Abstract:

    Hormonal oestrus induction treatment is an important tool for the success of reproductive biotechniques in anoestrus goats. In the nonbreeding season, oestrus induction can be performed by the use of several protocols, including those varying in their duration. This study aimed to compare short-term (for either 5 or 6 days) progestogen-based oestrus synchronization protocols in dairy [Toggenburg (n = 12) and Saanen (n = 12)] goats during the nonbreeding season. This study was performed in Minas Gerais State, Brazil (21°35′S and 43°15′W), with 12 nulliparous (12–14 months old) and 12 pluriparous (2–4 years old in final third of lactation) goats, all with body condition scores (BCS) of 3.0 to 3.5. They were equally assigned to both treatments according to their order of parturition, BCS, and breed. On a random day (Day 0), 24 goats received an intravaginal device of 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate (Progespon®, Zoetis) which remained for 5 (G5; n = 12) or 6 (G6; n = 12) days. On Day 5, goats from both groups received 30 µg of cloprostenol intramuscularly (IM) (Prolise®, ARSA S.R.L.) and 200 IU of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) IM (Novormon®, Schering Plough Animal Health). Both groups received cloprostenol and eCG on the same day (regardless of device removal) to ensure they were administered at the same follicular wave. Both device insertion and removal were performed in the morning. Ultrasound evaluations were performed every 12 h from device removal to ovulation detection. Ovulations were considered as the average interval between the last observation of follicles and the first exam in which it was no longer seen. The normal distribution of variables was determined by Shapiro-Wilk test and homocedasticity by Levene’s test. All variables were not normally distributed and thus analysed by Mann–Whitney U test, with P < 0.05 considered significantly different. Values are presented in median ± interquartile range. There was no difference between G5 and G6, respectively, in the interval to oestrus (48.0 ± 0.0 vs. 48.0 ± 12.0 h), interval from oestrus onset to ovulation (18.0 ± 9.0 vs. 18.0 ± 12.0 h), interval from device removal to ovulation (66.0 ± 18.0 vs. 66.0 ± 24.0 h), number of ovulated follicles (2.0 ± 2.0 vs. 2.5 ± 2.0), or mean diameter of ovulated follicles (6.6 ± 1.6 vs. 6.6 ± 1.4 mm). All ovulations were detected in the morning. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that short-term hormonal treatment for 5 or 6 days is similarly efficient to induce synchronous oestrus in Saanen and Toggenburg goats. This research was supported by EMBRAPA (Project 20.19.01.004.00.03.001) and CNPq (314952/2018-7).

  • Effects of hormonal administration in two different shifts and ovulatory dynamics in nonbreeding season on Toggenburg goats.
    'CSIRO Publishing', 2019
    Co-Authors: Zambrini F. N., Amorim L. Da S., Bruschi J. H., Costa E. P., Souza J. M. G., J F Fonseca
    Abstract:

    Assisted reproduction has been used to optimize reproduction in goats. Ultrasound technology has resulted in a definite gain of knowledge in terms of ovulation time. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the shift (morning or afternoon) of hormonal administration affects different reproductive parameters. This study was conducted from October to December (nonbreeding season) of 2005, in Piau/MG (21°35?S latitude and 43° 15?W longitude), Brazil. Eighteen nulliparous (n = 9) or pluriparous (n = 9) Toggenburg goats were assigned equally according to body weight and condition score into two treatments. Animals received intravaginal sponges (60 mg of MAP, Progespon®, Syntex, Buenos Aires, Argentina) for 6 days plus 37.5 (igof cloprostenol (Prolise®, ARSA S.R.L., Buenos Aires, Argentina) latero-vulvar and 200 IUeCG (Novormon® 5000, Syntex) i.m. 48 h before sponge removal. Procedures were done early in the morning for T1 (10 h) and later in afternoon for T2 (17 h). Goats were monitored twice daily to identify estrous onset and its duration. After sponge removal, ultrasound evaluations were performed every 8 h until ovulation to determine the time, number of ovulations, and ovulatory follicle diameters (5-MHz transducer; Aloka, SSD 500®, Tokyo, Japan). Statistical analyses were performed using all tests at the 95% confidence interval with a SAEG® program (Funarbe, Viçosa, Brazil). The results are presented as mean ± SD. The interval (h) from sponge removal to estrous onset was 30.7 ± 10.6 (T1) and 34.3 ± 17.6 (T2), whereas its duration was 33.3 ± 22.3 (T1) and 34.3 ± 22.4 (T2) (P > 0.05). The interval (h) from sponge removal to ovulation was 54.4 ± 10.2 (T1) and 53.4 ± 12.3 (T2) (P > 0.05). Also, the interval (h) from estrous onset to ovulation was 26.8 ± 8.7 (T1) and 18.1 ± 26.3 (T2). No difference (P > 0.05) was observed in the number of ovulations forT1 (1.89 ± 0.93) or T2 (1.89 ± 0.60). The diameter of the ovulatory follicle (mm) was similar (P > 0.05) for T1 (8.4 ± 1.28) and T2 (7.36 ± 1.15) (P > 0.05). A negative correlation was detected between the interval to estrous onset and diameter of the largest follicle (r = -0.41; P < 0.05), as well as between the interval to estrous onset and the interval from estrus to ovulation (r= -0.73; P < 0.001). A positive correlation was registered between the interval from estrus to ovulation and diameter of the largest follicle (r = 0.65; P < 0.001) and also between the interval from sponge removal to ovulation and diameter of the largest follicle (r = 0.51; P < 0.005) that was evident, indicating that follicles get larger with time. Finally, a negative correlation (r = -0.88; P < 0.05) was obtained between number of ovulations and average diameters of ovulated follicles. These data suggest that Toggenburg goats have a synchronization of ovulation when receiving progestagen short-term protocols in the nonbreeding season, independent of the hormonal dispensing shift.bitstream/item/49853/1/RAC-Effects-of-hormonal.pdfEdição dos Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the International Embryo Transfer Society, Córdoba, Argentina, 9?12 January 2010

  • Crescimento folicular no intervalo do início do estro à ovulação de cabras lactantes tratadas com somatotropina bovina recombinante e sincronizadas com CIDR reutilizado.
    In: REUNIÃO ANUAL DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE ZOOTECNIA 42. 2005 Goiânia. A produção animal e o foco no agronegócio: anais. Goiânia: Sociedade Brasilei, 2019
    Co-Authors: Moraes E. A., J F Fonseca, Torres C. A. A., Amorim L. Da S., Maffili V., Bruschi J. H., Guimaraes J. D., G. R. De ,carvalho
    Abstract:

    0 objetivo deste estudo foi verificar 0 desenvolvimento folicular de cabras tratadas com somatotropina bovina recombinante (r-bST) ao protocolo de sincronizaçao de estro, utilizando 0 dispositivo Controlled Internal Drug Release (CIDR) durante seis dias. Foram utilizadas 26 cabras da raça Toggenburg, divididas em dois tratamentos: T1 (n=13), cabras tratadas com quatro injeçoes de 250 mg de r-bST, a intervalos de 14 dias; e T2 (n=13), cabras tratadas com soluçao salina (controle). No dia zero, colocou-se 0 dispositivo e injetou 22,5mg de prostaglandina sintetica (d-cloprostenol) nos animais dos dois tratamentos. 0 dispositivo foi retirado no sexto dia. Todas as femeas em estro foram submetidas a monta natural. Acompanhando o desenvolvimento folicular apos remoçao do dispositivo observamos que a taxa de crescimento dos foliculos ovulatorios foram de 0,61 + 0,01 para T1 e 0,58 + 0,01 mm/hora para T2; P

  • parâmetros reprodutivos apos inducao de estro com diferentes intervalos de permanencia do dispositivo vaginal em cabras Toggenburg aciclicas
    Arquivo Brasileiro De Medicina Veterinaria E Zootecnia, 2018
    Co-Authors: P M P Nascimentopenido, F Z Brandao, A O Penido, P F V Pereira, J F Fonseca
    Abstract:

    Resumo: Este estudo objetivou avaliar o comportamento sexual e a dinâmica ovulatoria de cabras da raca Toggenburg apos a inducao do estro com dispositivo intravaginal de progesterona durante seis, nove e 12 dias de permanencia. No momento da insercao do dispositivo e 24 horas antes da retirada do dispositivo, foi administrado 5mg de dinoprost e 200UI de eCG, respectivamente. A dinâmica ovulatoria foi acompanhada por ultrassonografia a cada oito horas, enquanto o estro foi observado a cada 12 horas. Todas as cabras apresentaram estro. O intervalo da retirada do dispositivo ao inicio do estro foi de 29,5 ± 9,6 para G6dias; 34,0 ± 6,0 e 32,4 ± 7,7h, G9dias e G12dias, respectivamente. Igualmente, foi encontrada diferenca (P 0,05). Todos os protocolos foram eficientes em induzir o estro sincronizado em cabras da raca Toggenburg, trabalhando em conjunto com a eficiencia reprodutiva e produtiva desses animais. [Reproductive parameters after induction of estrus with different ranges of the vaginal device in acyclic Toggenburg goats]. Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the sexual behavior and the ovulatory dynamics of Toggenburg goats after induction of synchronized estrus by an intravaginal progesterone device for six, nine and twelve days. At the device insertion and 24 h before the device removal, 5mg of dinoprost and 200 UI of eCG was administered, respectively. The ovulatory dynamics was assessed by ultrasound every 8 h, while the sexual behavior was observed every 12 h. All goats showed estrus. The intervals from device removal to estrus were 29.5 ± 9.7, 34.0 ± 6.0 and 32.4 ± 7.7h to G6days, G9days and G12days, respectively. Iqually, it was found difference (P 0.05). All treatments were effective for the induction of synchronized estrus in Toggenburg goats, working jointly with the reproductive and productive efficiency of these animals.

  • Reproductive parameters after induction of estrus with different ranges of the vaginal device in acyclic Toggenburg goats
    2018
    Co-Authors: P.m.p. Nascimento-penido, A O Penido, F Z Brandao, P F V Pereira, J F Fonseca
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the sexual behavior and the ovulatory dynamics of Toggenburg goats after induction of synchronized estrus by an intravaginal progesterone device for six, nine and twelve days. At the device insertion and 24 h before the device removal, 5mg of dinoprost and 200 UI of eCG was administered, respectively. The ovulatory dynamics was assessed by ultrasound every 8 h, while the sexual behavior was observed every 12 h. All goats showed estrus. The intervals from device removal to estrus were 29.5 ± 9.7, 34.0 ± 6.0 and 32.4 ± 7.7h to G6days, G9days and G12days, respectively. Iqually, it was found difference (P

J. H. M. Viana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • sincronizacao de estro e acompanhamento ultrassonografico em cabras Toggenburg destinadas a tratamentos superovulatorios
    2012
    Co-Authors: L V Esteve, J. H. M. Viana, F Z Brandao, F N Zambrini, L G B Siqueira, J F Fonseca
    Abstract:

    O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o numero e diâmetros foliculares e dia da emergencia folicular em cabras da raca Toggenburg, e utilizar estes parâmetros como base para inicio de tratamentos superovulatorios. O perfil das classes 1 e 2 sugere que a emergencia folicular esteja acontecendo nestes momentos para animais de T1 e T2. Adicionalmente, o perfil das classes 3 e 4 sugere que efeitos deleterios de foliculos dominantes podem ser minimos no mesmo periodo. Estes parâmetros podem ser levados em conta para iniciar a superovulacao em cabras ciclicas da raca Toggenburg.

  • 172 reuse of autoclaved intravaginal progesterone device to estrous synchronization in Toggenburg goats in the breeding season
    Reproduction Fertility and Development, 2011
    Co-Authors: J M G Souza, C A A Torres, J. H. M. Viana, A L R S Maia, Felipe Zandonadi Brandao, M C Silva, V J F Freitas
    Abstract:

    Reusing intravaginal devices represents an important alternative to reduce costs; however, this practice may increase disease transmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of reusing autoclaved intravaginal progesterone devices for oestrous synchronization in Toggenburg goats in the breeding season was studied. This study was done in March and April of 2009, in Piau, MG, Brazil (latitude 21°35′ and longitude 43°15′). Sixty-seven Toggenburg nulliparous (n = 17; 35.3 ± 5.4 kg and 3.3 ± 0.2) and pluriparous (n = 50; 52.9 ± 9.8 kg and 3.4 ± 0.3) goats were assigned according to weight and body condition score (BCS, 1 to 5 scale) into 3 treatments. Animals received new devices (n = 25; 48.2 ± 11.5 kg and BCS 3.4 ± 0.3) containing 0.33 g of progesterone (Eazi-Breed CIDR®, Pfizer Animal Health, Sao Paulo, Brazil) or autoclaved (121°C, 1 atm, 15 min) devices previously used for 6 days (n = 23; 48.3 ± 13.0 kg and 3.5 ± 0.3) or 12 days (n = 22; 48.2 ± 11.0 kg and 3.4 ± 0.3). All goats received 5 mg dinoprost (Lutalyse®, Pfizer Animal Health) in the vulvar submucosa on the day of CIDR insertion (Day 0) and 200 IU eCG (Novormon 5000®, Sintex Industria Bioquimica, Buenos Aires, Argentina) 1 day before CIDR removal, also in the vulvar submucosa. The CIDR were removed on day 6, and goats were bred twice daily with fertile bucks at oestrous onset and 24 h later if they were still in oestrus. Parametric variables were analysed by ANOVA and SNK tests by the SAEG® program. Nonparametric variables were analysed using the chi-square test by the BioEstat® program. The results are described as mean ± SD. Oestrous response and conception rates did not differ (P > 0.05) among goats treated with the new devices (75.0; 54.2%) or those previously used for 6 (81.8; 50.0%) or 12 days (71.4; 47.6%), respectively. No differences were detected between nulliparous (82.3; 52.9%) and pluriparous (72.0; 50.0%) goats. The interval from device removal to oestrus and duration of oestrus were not different (P > 0.05) among animals receiving a new device (39.3 ± 15.8; 30.7 ± 16.6 h) or previously used devices for 6 (32.7 ± 11.5; 31.8 ± 7.3 h) or 12 day (40.8 ± 20.7; 32.8 ± 13.2 h) treatments, respectively, or between nulliparous (41.6 ± 14.9; 30.9 ± 13.9 h) and pluriparous (35.6 ± 16.8; 32.1 ± 12.8 h) goats. Since no differences were detected in the evaluated variables among goats receiving reused autoclaved devices or new ones, it can be suggested that the autoclaving process did not affect the efficiency of reusing intravaginal progesterone devices for oestrous synchronization in Toggenburg goats in the breeding season. Probably, P4 concentrations in goats receiving reused autoclaved devices reached at least minimum concentrations to promote oestrous response, since a non-treated group would not show oestrus in this level of synchronization as in goats in this study. This technique can be a simple and valuable tool to reduce sanitary risks of disease transmission without altering fertility in goats. CNPq, Pfizer Animal Health, Embrapa Goats, and Sheep Research, CAPES.

  • parâmetros reprodutivos de cabras Toggenburg inseminadas com semen resfriado apos diluicao em meio a base de gema de ovo
    Arquivo Brasileiro De Medicina Veterinaria E Zootecnia, 2009
    Co-Authors: Amanda Pimenta Siqueira, J F Fonseca, J H Bruschi, J. H. M. Viana, J Silva M Filho, M S Palhares, M C M Bruschi, M P Peixoto
    Abstract:

    Avaliaram-se a taxa de concepcao, a resposta a prostaglandina, a duracao do estro, a categoria reprodutiva e o tipo de muco de cabras inseminadas com semen diluido em meio a base de gema de ovo e resfriado a 5oC, por 12 ou 24 horas. Foram utilizados dois reprodutores e 62 femeas da raca Toggenburg, que receberam duas doses de 22,5µg de PGF2α, em intervalos de 10 dias, para a sincronizacao do estro. A partir da primeira aplicacao de PGF2α, o estro foi monitorado tres vezes ao dia. Realizou-se uma unica inseminacao, 12 horas apos o inicio do estro. As porcentagens de femeas em estro, apos a primeira e segunda aplicacoes de PGF2α, foram de 85,5% e 88,7%, respectivamente. O intervalo de aplicacao da primeira e segunda doses de PGF2α ao inicio do estro foi de 41,04±20,32 e 45,67±9,28 horas, e a duracao do estro de 40,02±15,96 e 32,24±12,09 horas, respectivamente. A taxa de concepcao total foi de 49,1%. O periodo de armazenamento do semen e a categoria reprodutiva nao influenciaram (P>0,05) a taxa de concepcao. O tipo de muco observado no momento da inseminacao influenciou (P<0,05) a fertilidade das femeas, sendo o de aspecto estriado associado aos maiores indices de concepcao.

  • reutilization of autoclaved intravaginal progesterone device to estrous induction in Toggenburg goats
    2009
    Co-Authors: J M G Souza, J H Bruschi, J. H. M. Viana, A L R S Maia, Ciro Alexandre Alves Torres, F H Martins, J F Fonseca
    Abstract:

    Introduction Intravaginal devices impregnated with natural or synthetic progesterone are used worldwide for estrous induction in sheep and goats. As protocols for estrous induction shortened the time of exposure to progesterone, devices were able to be reused until three times to induce estrus (Zambrini et al., 2005). However, despite a good cleaning has been employed, there is no total warranty that all microorganisms are eliminated. Thus, sanitary risks are associated with devices reutilization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of autoclaving on efficacy of reutilization of intravaginal progesterone devices for estrous induction in Toggenburg goats.

  • assessment of luteal function in Toggenburg goats by computer assisted image analysis
    Reproduction Fertility and Development, 2009
    Co-Authors: E K N Arashiro, J F Fonseca, J H Bruschi, J. H. M. Viana, L G B Siqueira, L S A Camargo, C A C Fernandes, Felipe Zandonadi Brandao
    Abstract:

    Computer-assisted image analysis is a technological extension of reproductive ultrasonography and allows the quantitative assessment of the luteal echotexture, which is related to changes in histological features and, consequently, to steroidogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of luteal echotexture evaluation as a tool to assess luteal function in different phases of the estrous cycle in Toggenburg goats. Nulliparous goats (n = 21), 8 months in age, 33.52 ± 1.22 kg of body weight, and body score condition of 3.5 ± 0.07 (1 to 5 scale), which showed estrus within a 48-h period during the natural breeding season (March and April), were used. After estrous detection (Day 0) and mating, ovarian sonographic evaluations were performed daily using a portable ultrasound device (Aloka SSD 500, Aloka Co.) equipped with an adapted linear transrectal 5-MHz probe. The examinations were preceded by blood sample collections, which were stored until radioimmunoassay for progesterone (P4). Images were recorded in VHS tapes, then digitized to TIFF files (resolution of 1500 × 1125 pixels) using a video capture board. A representative elementary area of 5625 pixels (0.31 cm2) was defined for the luteal tissue according to the criterion proposed by Van den Bygaart and Protz 1999. Computer-assisted analyses were performed using custom-developed software (Quantporo®). Each pixel received a numeric value ranging from 0 (black) to 255 (white). Luteal echotexture and plasma P4 data were analyzed by ANOVA, and differences among means were determined by Tukey’s test. Correlations were established by Pearson’s correlation method. Results are shown as mean ± SEM. Corpora lutea size increased progressively (P 0.05). Plasma P4 levels increased until a maximum value on Day 9 (6.31 ± 0.46 ng mL–1), and no increase was observed further (P > 0.05). In nonpregnant animals (n = 7), luteolysis was characterized by an abrupt decrease in plasma P4 concentration, which dropped to values lower than 1 ng mL–1 24 h after the onset of the process, whereas luteal area decreased gradually. Plasma P4 concentration was correlated to luteal area during luteogenesis and luteolysis (r = 0.63 and r = 0.50, respectively; P < 0.05). Mean pixel value showed a progressive increase during luteogenesis and reached the maximum value on Day 13 (54.33 ± 1.83). During corpus luteum (CL) regression, mean pixel value decreased to lower values 48 h after the onset of natural luteolysis (P < 0.05). Through both luteogenesis and luteolysis, positive correlations were observed between mean pixel values and luteal area (r = 0.34 and r = 0.26, respectively; P < 0.05) and also between mean pixel values and plasma P4 concentration (r = 0.24 and r = 0.37, respectively; P < 0.05). Pixel heterogeneity was not correlated to luteal area nor plasma P4 levels. These results suggest an association between CL echotexture and steroidogenic function; therefore, the quantitative assessment of the pixel brightness has a potential to be used for luteal function evaluation in goats. FAPEMIG and CAPES.

Adela Bidot Fernandez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • produccion de leche de cabra y duracion de la lactancia de los genotipos nubia saanen y Toggenburg en condiciones de pastoreo restringido y suplemento con concentrado
    Abanico veterinario, 2013
    Co-Authors: Adela Bidot Fernandez
    Abstract:

    Con el objetivo de evaluar la produccion de leche de cabra de los genotipos Nubia, Saanen y Toggenburg en condiciones de pastoreo restringido y suplemento con concentrado, se trabajaron un total de 30 hembras de los genotipos de cada raza, con doble ordeno, a las 6 a.m. y 5 p.m. durante el periodo de lactancia. Las cabras alojadas en naves divididas en apriscos, salian a pastoreo limitado entre las 9 a.m. y a 15 hrs. En las naves los animales disponian de agua a voluntad, en los comederos se les proporcionaba heno y 0.5 kg de concentrado/animal/dia por animal, ninguna hembra estuvo lactando sus crias. Se analizo la produccion de leche, expresado en Kg por lactancia, la duracion de la lactacion en dias por genotipo, el promedio diario de produccion de leche en Kg, el porcentaje de grasa de leche durante la lactancia, la ganancia de peso semanal por genotipo, y el contenido graso mensual de la leche en el laboratorio de nutricion animal. Se constato una mayor produccion de leche por lactancia en los genotipos Saanen y Toggenburg, significativamente diferente (p<0,05) a la produccion de leche de la raza Nubia. De igual forma, resulto mayor (p<0,05) el porcentaje de grasa encontrado en la leche de las cabras Nubia que en los otros dos genotipos. La produccion de leche diaria media fue de 2.95, 3.40 y 3.32 Kg para las Nubia, Saanen y Toggenburg, respectivamente. La produccion total por lactancia fue (p<0.05) con 613, 765 y 760 Kg en el orden significativo de las hembras Nubia, Saanen y Toggenburg. La duracion de la lactacion no vario significativamente entre los tres genotipos estudiados en el orden de 215, 228 y 235 dias para las Nubia, Saanen y Toggenburg. Se encontro que los tres grupos de cabras estudiados tienen aceptable produccion de leche, y contienen un porcentaje de grasa aceptable para el consumo como leche fresca y/o para otro uso en derivados lacteos

  • produccion de leche de cabra y duracion de la lactancia de los genotipos nubia saanen y Toggenburg en condiciones de pastoreo restringido y suplemento con concentrado goat milk production and lactation duration of nubian saanen and Toggenburg genotypes under restricted grazing and concentrate supplementation
    2013
    Co-Authors: Adela Bidot Fernandez
    Abstract:

    RESUMEN Con el objetivo de evaluar la produccion de leche de cabra de los genotipos Nubia, Saanen y Toggenburg en condiciones de pastoreo restringido y suplemento con concentrado, se trabajaron un total de 30 hembras de los genotipos de cada raza, con doble ordeno, a las 6 a.m. y 5 p.m. durante el periodo de lactancia. Las cabras alojadas en naves divididas en apriscos, salian a pastoreo limitado entre las 9 a.m. y a 15 hrs. En las naves los animales disponian de agua a voluntad, en los comederos se les proporcionaba heno y 0.5 kg de concentrado/animal/dia por animal, ninguna hembra

J H Bruschi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • autoclaved previously used intravaginal progesterone devices induces estrus and ovulation in anestrous Toggenburg goats
    Animal Reproduction Science, 2011
    Co-Authors: J M G Souza, J H Bruschi, A L R S Maia, Ciro Alexandre Alves Torres, Felipe Zandonadi Brandao, Joao Henrique Moreira Viana, Eunice Oba, J F Fonseca
    Abstract:

    Abstract Intravaginal progesterone devices are used worldwide for estrus induction in goats. Reused devices are able to induce estrus; however, this can be a health risk within a flock. The objective was to compare new and previously used (and autoclaved) progesterone-releasing intravaginal devices for induction of estrus and ovulation in seasonally anestrous Toggenburg goats. Anestrous goats (n = 42) received new intravaginal devices containing 0.3 g progesterone (CONTROL), or similar devices previously used for either 6 (USED6) or 12 d (USED12) and subsequently autoclaved. All goats received 5 mg dinoprost at device insertion and 200 IU eCG 5 d later, and all devices were removed after 6 d. After device removal, estrus was monitored and females displaying signs of estrus were mated by fertile bucks. Transrectal ovarian ultrasonography was performed after device removal until detection of ovulation. Blood samples were collected for determination of plasma progesterone concentration at different times. There was no difference (P > 0.05) among groups CONTROL, USED6 or USED12 for: estrus response (87, 100 or 100%, respectively); duration of estrus (32.3 ± 2.3, 25.2 ± 3.4 or 27.3 ± 4.1 h); ovulation rate (100, 88 or 100%); number of ovulations (1.5 ± 0.2, 1.9 ± 0.3 or 1.7 ± 0.3); and pregnancy rate (60, 58 or 67%). Plasma progesterone (P4) concentrations were greater (P

  • 449 effects of hormonal administration in two different shifts and ovulatory dynamics in nonbreeding season on Toggenburg goats
    Reproduction Fertility and Development, 2010
    Co-Authors: F N Zambrini, L S Amorim, J H Bruschi, J M G Souza, Eduardo Paulino Da Costa, J F Fonseca
    Abstract:

    Assisted reproduction has been used to optimize reproduction in goats. Ultrasound technology has resulted in a definite gain of knowledge in terms of ovulation time. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the shift (morning or afternoon) of hormonal administration affects different reproductive parameters. This study was conducted from October to December (nonbreeding season) of 2005, in Piau/MG (21°35′S latitude and 43° 15′W longitude), Brazil. Eighteen nulliparous (n = 9) or pluriparous (n = 9) Toggenburg goats were assigned equally according to body weight and condition score into two treatments. Animals received intravaginal sponges (60 mg of MAP, Progespon®, Syntex, Buenos Aires, Argentina) for 6 days plus 37.5 (igof cloprostenol (Prolise®, ARSA S.R.L., Buenos Aires, Argentina) latero-vulvar and 200 IUeCG (Novormon® 5000, Syntex) i.m. 48 h before sponge removal. Procedures were done early in the morning for T1 (10 h) and later in afternoon for T2 (17 h). Goats were monitored twice daily to identify estrous onset and its duration. After sponge removal, ultrasound evaluations were performed every 8 h until ovulation to determine the time, number of ovulations, and ovulatory follicle diameters (5-MHz transducer; Aloka, SSD 500®, Tokyo, Japan). Statistical analyses were performed using all tests at the 95% confidence interval with a SAEG® program (Funarbe, Vicosa, Brazil). The results are presented as mean ± SD. The interval (h) from sponge removal to estrous onset was 30.7 ± 10.6 (T1) and 34.3 ± 17.6 (T2), whereas its duration was 33.3 ± 22.3 (T1) and 34.3 ± 22.4 (T2) (P > 0.05). The interval (h) from sponge removal to ovulation was 54.4 ± 10.2 (T1) and 53.4 ± 12.3 (T2) (P > 0.05). Also, the interval (h) from estrous onset to ovulation was 26.8 ± 8.7 (T1) and 18.1 ± 26.3 (T2). No difference (P > 0.05) was observed in the number of ovulations forT1 (1.89 ± 0.93) or T2 (1.89 ± 0.60). The diameter of the ovulatory follicle (mm) was similar (P > 0.05) for T1 (8.4 ± 1.28) and T2 (7.36 ± 1.15) (P > 0.05). A negative correlation was detected between the interval to estrous onset and diameter of the largest follicle (r = -0.41; P < 0.05), as well as between the interval to estrous onset and the interval from estrus to ovulation (r= -0.73; P < 0.001). A positive correlation was registered between the interval from estrus to ovulation and diameter of the largest follicle (r = 0.65; P < 0.001) and also between the interval from sponge removal to ovulation and diameter of the largest follicle (r = 0.51; P < 0.005) that was evident, indicating that follicles get larger with time. Finally, a negative correlation (r = -0.88; P < 0.05) was obtained between number of ovulations and average diameters of ovulated follicles. These data suggest that Toggenburg goats have a synchronization of ovulation when receiving progestagen short-term protocols in the nonbreeding season, independent of the hormonal dispensing shift. Financial support: Embrapa Goats and Sheep, Tecnopec, Fapemig, CNPq.

  • parâmetros reprodutivos de cabras Toggenburg inseminadas com semen resfriado apos diluicao em meio a base de gema de ovo
    Arquivo Brasileiro De Medicina Veterinaria E Zootecnia, 2009
    Co-Authors: Amanda Pimenta Siqueira, J F Fonseca, J H Bruschi, J. H. M. Viana, J Silva M Filho, M S Palhares, M C M Bruschi, M P Peixoto
    Abstract:

    Avaliaram-se a taxa de concepcao, a resposta a prostaglandina, a duracao do estro, a categoria reprodutiva e o tipo de muco de cabras inseminadas com semen diluido em meio a base de gema de ovo e resfriado a 5oC, por 12 ou 24 horas. Foram utilizados dois reprodutores e 62 femeas da raca Toggenburg, que receberam duas doses de 22,5µg de PGF2α, em intervalos de 10 dias, para a sincronizacao do estro. A partir da primeira aplicacao de PGF2α, o estro foi monitorado tres vezes ao dia. Realizou-se uma unica inseminacao, 12 horas apos o inicio do estro. As porcentagens de femeas em estro, apos a primeira e segunda aplicacoes de PGF2α, foram de 85,5% e 88,7%, respectivamente. O intervalo de aplicacao da primeira e segunda doses de PGF2α ao inicio do estro foi de 41,04±20,32 e 45,67±9,28 horas, e a duracao do estro de 40,02±15,96 e 32,24±12,09 horas, respectivamente. A taxa de concepcao total foi de 49,1%. O periodo de armazenamento do semen e a categoria reprodutiva nao influenciaram (P>0,05) a taxa de concepcao. O tipo de muco observado no momento da inseminacao influenciou (P<0,05) a fertilidade das femeas, sendo o de aspecto estriado associado aos maiores indices de concepcao.

  • reutilization of autoclaved intravaginal progesterone device to estrous induction in Toggenburg goats
    2009
    Co-Authors: J M G Souza, J H Bruschi, J. H. M. Viana, A L R S Maia, Ciro Alexandre Alves Torres, F H Martins, J F Fonseca
    Abstract:

    Introduction Intravaginal devices impregnated with natural or synthetic progesterone are used worldwide for estrous induction in sheep and goats. As protocols for estrous induction shortened the time of exposure to progesterone, devices were able to be reused until three times to induce estrus (Zambrini et al., 2005). However, despite a good cleaning has been employed, there is no total warranty that all microorganisms are eliminated. Thus, sanitary risks are associated with devices reutilization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of autoclaving on efficacy of reutilization of intravaginal progesterone devices for estrous induction in Toggenburg goats.

  • assessment of luteal function in Toggenburg goats by computer assisted image analysis
    Reproduction Fertility and Development, 2009
    Co-Authors: E K N Arashiro, J F Fonseca, J H Bruschi, J. H. M. Viana, L G B Siqueira, L S A Camargo, C A C Fernandes, Felipe Zandonadi Brandao
    Abstract:

    Computer-assisted image analysis is a technological extension of reproductive ultrasonography and allows the quantitative assessment of the luteal echotexture, which is related to changes in histological features and, consequently, to steroidogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of luteal echotexture evaluation as a tool to assess luteal function in different phases of the estrous cycle in Toggenburg goats. Nulliparous goats (n = 21), 8 months in age, 33.52 ± 1.22 kg of body weight, and body score condition of 3.5 ± 0.07 (1 to 5 scale), which showed estrus within a 48-h period during the natural breeding season (March and April), were used. After estrous detection (Day 0) and mating, ovarian sonographic evaluations were performed daily using a portable ultrasound device (Aloka SSD 500, Aloka Co.) equipped with an adapted linear transrectal 5-MHz probe. The examinations were preceded by blood sample collections, which were stored until radioimmunoassay for progesterone (P4). Images were recorded in VHS tapes, then digitized to TIFF files (resolution of 1500 × 1125 pixels) using a video capture board. A representative elementary area of 5625 pixels (0.31 cm2) was defined for the luteal tissue according to the criterion proposed by Van den Bygaart and Protz 1999. Computer-assisted analyses were performed using custom-developed software (Quantporo®). Each pixel received a numeric value ranging from 0 (black) to 255 (white). Luteal echotexture and plasma P4 data were analyzed by ANOVA, and differences among means were determined by Tukey’s test. Correlations were established by Pearson’s correlation method. Results are shown as mean ± SEM. Corpora lutea size increased progressively (P 0.05). Plasma P4 levels increased until a maximum value on Day 9 (6.31 ± 0.46 ng mL–1), and no increase was observed further (P > 0.05). In nonpregnant animals (n = 7), luteolysis was characterized by an abrupt decrease in plasma P4 concentration, which dropped to values lower than 1 ng mL–1 24 h after the onset of the process, whereas luteal area decreased gradually. Plasma P4 concentration was correlated to luteal area during luteogenesis and luteolysis (r = 0.63 and r = 0.50, respectively; P < 0.05). Mean pixel value showed a progressive increase during luteogenesis and reached the maximum value on Day 13 (54.33 ± 1.83). During corpus luteum (CL) regression, mean pixel value decreased to lower values 48 h after the onset of natural luteolysis (P < 0.05). Through both luteogenesis and luteolysis, positive correlations were observed between mean pixel values and luteal area (r = 0.34 and r = 0.26, respectively; P < 0.05) and also between mean pixel values and plasma P4 concentration (r = 0.24 and r = 0.37, respectively; P < 0.05). Pixel heterogeneity was not correlated to luteal area nor plasma P4 levels. These results suggest an association between CL echotexture and steroidogenic function; therefore, the quantitative assessment of the pixel brightness has a potential to be used for luteal function evaluation in goats. FAPEMIG and CAPES.

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  • genetic diversity analyses reveal first insights into breed specific selection signatures within swiss goat breeds
    Animal Genetics, 2016
    Co-Authors: Alexander Burren, Heidi Signerhasler, Mirjam Frischknecht, Fiona Menzi, Irene Reber, Markus Neuditschko, Cord Drögemüller, Christine Flury
    Abstract:

    We used genotype data from the caprine 50k Illumina BeadChip for the assessment of genetic diversity within and between 10 local Swiss goat breeds. Three different cluster methods allowed the goat samples to be assigned to the respective breed groups, whilst the samples of Nera Verzasca and Tessin Grey goats could not be differentiated from each other. The results of the different genetic diversity measures show that Appenzell, Toggenburg, Valais and Booted goats should be prioritized in future conservation activities. Furthermore, we examined runs of homozygosity (ROH) and compared genomic inbreeding coefficients based on ROH (FROH ) with pedigree-based inbreeding coefficients (FPED ). The linear relationship between FROH and FPED was confirmed for goats by including samples from the three main breeds (Saanen, Chamois and Toggenburg goats). FROH appears to be a suitable measure for describing levels of inbreeding in goat breeds with missing pedigree information. Finally, we derived selection signatures between the breeds. We report a total of 384 putative selection signals. The 25 most significant windows contained genes known for traits such as: coat color variation (MITF, KIT, ASIP), growth (IGF2, IGF2R, HRAS, FGFR3) and milk composition (PITX2). Several other putative genes involved in the formation of populations, which might have been selected for adaptation to the alpine environment, are highlighted. The results provide a contemporary background for the management of genetic diversity in local Swiss goat breeds.