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Storey K. B.) - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Early-life intestinal microbiome in Trachemys scripta elegans analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing
2020Co-Authors: Peng Q., Chen Y., Ding L., Zhao Z., Yan P., Storey K. B.), Shi H., Hong M.Abstract:During the early-life period, the hatchlings of red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans) rely on their own post-hatching internal yolk for several days before beginning to feed. The gut microbiome is critical for the adaptation of organisms to new environ- ments, but, to date, how the microbiome taxa are assembled during early life of the turtle is unknown. In this study, the intestinal microbiome of red-eared slider hatchlings (fed on commercial particle food
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Early-life intestinal microbiome in Trachemys scripta elegans analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing
'PeerJ', 2020Co-Authors: Peng Q., Chen Y., Ding L., Zhao Z., Yan P., Storey K. B.), Shi H., Hong M.Abstract:During the early-life period, the hatchlings of red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans) rely on their own post-hatching internal yolk for several days before beginning to feed. The gut microbiome is critical
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Navigating oxygen deprivation: Liver transcriptomic responses of the red eared slider turtle to environmental anoxia
'PeerJ', 2019Co-Authors: Biggar, K.k. K.), Zhang J., Storey K. B.)Abstract:The best facultative anaerobes among vertebrates are members of the genera Trachemys (pond slider turtles) and Chrysemys (painted turtles), and are able to survive without oxygen for up to 12 to 18 weeks at ∼3 °C. In this study, we utilized RNAseq to profile the transcriptomic changes that take place in response to 20 hrs of anoxia at 5 °C in the liver of the red eared slide turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans). Sequencing reads were obtained from at least 18,169 different genes and represented a minimum 49x coverage of the C. picta bellii exome. A total of 3,105 genes showed statistically significant changes in gene expression between the two animal groups, of which 971 also exhibited a fold change equal to or greater than 50% of control normoxic values. This study also highlights a number of anoxia-responsive molecular pathways that are may be important to navigating anoxia survival. These pathways were enriched in mRNA found to significantly increase in response to anoxia and included molecular processes such as DNA damage repair and metabolic reprogramming. For example, our results indicate that the anoxic turtle may utilize succinate metabolism to yield a molecule of GTP in addition to the two molecules that results from lactate production, and agrees with other established models of anoxia tolera
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Characterization of pyruvate kinase from the anoxia tolerant turtle, Trachemys scripta elegans: A potential role for enzyme methylation during metabolic rate depression
'PeerJ', 2018Co-Authors: Mattice, A.m. M.s.), Maclean, I.a. A.), Childers, C.l. L.), Storey K. B.)Abstract:Background. Pyruvate kinase (PK) is responsible for the final reaction in glycolysis. As PK is a glycolytic control point, the analysis of PK posttranslational modifications (PTM) and kinetic changes reveals a key piece of the reorganization of energy metabolism in an anoxia tolerant vertebrate. Methods. To explore PK regulation, the enzyme was isolated from red skeletal muscle and liver of aerobic and 20-hr anoxia-exposed red eared-slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans). Kinetic analysis and immunoblotting were used to assess enzyme function and the corresponding covalent modifications to the enzymes structure during anoxia. Results. Both muscle and liver isoforms sh
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Exploration of low temperature microRNA function in an anoxia tolerant vertebrate ectotherm, the red eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans)
'Elsevier BV', 2017Co-Authors: Biggar, K.k. K.), Storey K. B.)Abstract:As a model for vertebrate long-term survival in oxygen-restricted environments, the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) can adapt at the biochemical level to survive in oxygen-free (anoxic) cold water (
Steven E. Jasinski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a new slider turtle testudines emydidae deirochelyinae Trachemys from the late hemphillian late miocene early pliocene of eastern tennessee and the evolution of the deirochelyines
PeerJ, 2018Co-Authors: Steven E. JasinskiAbstract:Trachemys (Testudines: Emydidae) represents one of the most well-known turtle genera today. The evolution of Trachemys, while being heavily documented with fossil representatives, is not well understood. Numerous fossils from the late Hemphillian Gray Fossil Site (GFS) in northeastern Tennessee help to elucidate its evolution. The fossil Trachemys at the GFS represent a new species. The new taxon, Trachemys haugrudi, is described, and currently represents the most thoroughly described fossil emydid species known. A phylogenetic analysis, including 31 species, focusing on the subfamily Deirochelyinae is performed that includes the new fossil species, along with numerous other modern and fossil deirochelyine species, representing the first phylogenetic analysis published that includes several fossil deirochelyines. The phylogenetic analysis, utilizing morphological evidence, provides monophyletic clades of all modern deirochelyines, including Chrysemys, Deirochelys, Pseudemys, Malaclemys, Graptemys, and Trachemys. A strict consensus tree finds the recently described fossil species Graptemys kerneri to be part of a clade of Graptemys + Malaclemys. Three fossil taxa, including one previously referred to Pseudemys (Pseudemys caelata) and two to Deirochelys (Deirochelys carri and Deirochelys floridana) are found to form a clade with modern Deirochelys reticularia reticularia, with D. floridana sister to the other members of the clade. Chrysemys is found to be part of a basal polytomy with Deirochelys in relation to other deirochelyine taxa. Two fossil taxa previously referred to Chrysemys (Chrysemys timida and Chrysemys williamsi) form a paraphyly with the modern Chrysemys picta picta and Deirochelys, and may be referable to distinct genera. Additionally, fossil taxa previously attributed to Trachemys (Trachemys hillii, Trachemys idahoensis, Trachemys inflata, and Trachemys platymarginata) and T. haugrudi are found to form a clade separate from clades of northern and southern Trachemys species, potentially suggesting a distinct lineage of Trachemys with no modern survivors. Hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships mostly agree between the present study and previous ones, although the inclusion of fossil taxa provides further clues to the evolution of parts of the Deirochelyinae. The inclusion of more fossil taxa and characters may help resolve the placement of some taxa, and further elucidate the evolution of these New World turtles.
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A new slider turtle (Testudines: Emydidae: Deirochelyinae: Trachemys) from the late Hemphillian (late Miocene/early Pliocene) of eastern Tennessee and the evolution of the deirochelyines
PeerJ Inc., 2018Co-Authors: Steven E. JasinskiAbstract:Trachemys (Testudines: Emydidae) represents one of the most well-known turtle genera today. The evolution of Trachemys, while being heavily documented with fossil representatives, is not well understood. Numerous fossils from the late Hemphillian Gray Fossil Site (GFS) in northeastern Tennessee help to elucidate its evolution. The fossil Trachemys at the GFS represent a new species. The new taxon, Trachemys haugrudi, is described, and currently represents the most thoroughly described fossil emydid species known. A phylogenetic analysis, including 31 species, focusing on the subfamily Deirochelyinae is performed that includes the new fossil species, along with numerous other modern and fossil deirochelyine species, representing the first phylogenetic analysis published that includes several fossil deirochelyines. The phylogenetic analysis, utilizing morphological evidence, provides monophyletic clades of all modern deirochelyines, including Chrysemys, Deirochelys, Pseudemys, Malaclemys, Graptemys, and Trachemys. A strict consensus tree finds the recently described fossil species Graptemys kerneri to be part of a clade of Graptemys + Malaclemys. Three fossil taxa, including one previously referred to Pseudemys (Pseudemys caelata) and two to Deirochelys (Deirochelys carri and Deirochelys floridana) are found to form a clade with modern Deirochelys reticularia reticularia, with D. floridana sister to the other members of the clade. Chrysemys is found to be part of a basal polytomy with Deirochelys in relation to other deirochelyine taxa. Two fossil taxa previously referred to Chrysemys (Chrysemys timida and Chrysemys williamsi) form a paraphyly with the modern Chrysemys picta picta and Deirochelys, and may be referable to distinct genera. Additionally, fossil taxa previously attributed to Trachemys (Trachemys hillii, Trachemys idahoensis, Trachemys inflata, and Trachemys platymarginata) and T. haugrudi are found to form a clade separate from clades of northern and southern Trachemys species, potentially suggesting a distinct lineage of Trachemys with no modern survivors. Hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships mostly agree between the present study and previous ones, although the inclusion of fossil taxa provides further clues to the evolution of parts of the Deirochelyinae. The inclusion of more fossil taxa and characters may help resolve the placement of some taxa, and further elucidate the evolution of these New World turtles
Hong M. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Early-life intestinal microbiome in Trachemys scripta elegans analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing
2020Co-Authors: Peng Q., Chen Y., Ding L., Zhao Z., Yan P., Storey K. B.), Shi H., Hong M.Abstract:During the early-life period, the hatchlings of red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans) rely on their own post-hatching internal yolk for several days before beginning to feed. The gut microbiome is critical for the adaptation of organisms to new environ- ments, but, to date, how the microbiome taxa are assembled during early life of the turtle is unknown. In this study, the intestinal microbiome of red-eared slider hatchlings (fed on commercial particle food
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Early-life intestinal microbiome in Trachemys scripta elegans analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing
'PeerJ', 2020Co-Authors: Peng Q., Chen Y., Ding L., Zhao Z., Yan P., Storey K. B.), Shi H., Hong M.Abstract:During the early-life period, the hatchlings of red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans) rely on their own post-hatching internal yolk for several days before beginning to feed. The gut microbiome is critical
Tombari, Andrea D. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Diversidad de vertebrados acuáticos de tres humedales urbanos de la ciudad de Buenos Aires
Instituto de Limnología "Raúl A. Ringuelet" Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (UNLP), 2019Co-Authors: Llamazares Vegh Sabina, Villatarco Vázquez Paola, Kunert, María Cecilia, Tombari, Andrea D.Abstract:The urban wetlands are sites of high biodiversity that are under a great anthropogenic pressure. In the city of Buenos Aires, one of the more important areas of recreation is constituted by Parque Tres de Febrero (well-known as like “Bosques de Palermo”), that conforms a green zone of 25 ha. In this area there are artificial wetlands of diverse physical characteristics. In the present work, the goal is to determine vertebrate’s diversity in these urban aquatic enviroments in order to evaluate the degree of impact of the recreational activity on the conservation of the vertebrates associated to the water bodies. The study was carried out in three artificial lagoons included in the park: Regatas, Rosedal and Planetario. Altogether, seventeen species of fish (Prochilodus lineatus, Oligosarcus jenynsii, Cheirodon interruptus, Bryconamericus iheringii, Hoplias malabaricus, Hypostomus commersoni, Rhamdia quelen, Pimelodus albicans, Pimelodus maculatus, Cyprinus carpio, Cnesterodon decemmaculatus, Gambusia affinis, Jenynsia multidentata, Synbranchus marmoratus, Australoheros facetus, Gymnogeophagus meridionalis and Crenicichla scottii), eighteen species of birds (Podiceps rolland, Podilymbus podiceps, Podiceps major, Phalacrocorax olivaceus, Ardea alba, Egretta thula, Butorides striatus, Nycticorax nycticorax, Anas georgica, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus, Anser anser, Cairina moschata, Netta peposaca, Aramus guarauna, Fulica armillata, Fulica leucoptera and Chloroceyle amazona), three species of turtles (Phrynops hilarii, Trachemys scripta elegans and Trachemys venusta) and one species of mammal were registered (Myocastor coipo). Among these species, eight are introduced: two fishes (Cyprinus carpio and Gambusia affinis), two turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans and Trachemys venusta) and four birds (Anas platyrhynchos, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus, Anser anser and Cairina moschata). Regatas was the site with greater diversity of fishes (n=17) that represents a 10.43% of Río de la Plata’s ichthyofauna (n=163). This site lodges a 13% of the bird species associated to registered water bodies in the City of Buenos Aires (n=107). When comparing the specific richness among lagoons, we found high similarity between Regatas and Planetarium. Also, both sites presented the greatest specific richness of fish during the months of January and February. From this preliminary study it was possible to describe and to differentiate each lagoon by its fauna and physical characteristics, and also it constitutes the base to continue with further studies of communities which allow the development of the necessary guidelines of handling for the protection of Lagos Tres de Febrero.Los humedales urbanos son sitios de alta biodiversidad que se encuentran bajo una gran presión antropogénica. En la ciudad de Buenos Aires, una de las áreas de recreación más importantes está constituida por el Parque Tres de Febrero (conocido como "Bosques de Palermo"), que conforma una zona verde de 25 hectáreas. En esta zona existen humedales artificiales de diversas características físicas. En el presente trabajo, el objetivo es determinar la diversidad de los vertebrados en estos entornos acuáticos urbanos para evaluar el grado de impacto de la actividad recreativa en la conservación de los vertebrados asociados a los cuerpos de agua. El estudio se realizó en tres lagunas artificiales incluidas en el parque: Regatas, Rosedal y Planetario. En total, diecisiete especies de peces (Prochilodus lineatus, Oligosarcus jenynsii, Cheirodon interruptus, Bryconamericus iheringii, Hoplias malabaricus, Hypostomus commersoni, Rhamdia quelen, Pimelodus albicans, Pimelodus maculatus, Cyprinus carpio, Cnesterodon decemmaculatus, Gambusia affinis, Jenynsia multidentata, Synbranchus marmoratus, Australoheros facetus, Gymnogeophagus meridionalis and Crenicichla scottii), dieciocho especies de aves (Podiceps rolland, Podilymbus podiceps, Podiceps major, Phalacrocorax olivacius, Ardea alba, Egretta thula, Butorides striatus, Nycticorax nycticorax, Anas georgica, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus, Anser anser, Cairina moschata, Netta peposaca, Aramus guarauna, Fulica armillata, Fulica leucoptera and Chloroceyle amazona), tres especies de tortugas (Phrynops hilarii, Trachemys scripta elegans y Trachemys venusta) y una especie de mamífero (Myocastor coipo). Entre estas especies, se presentan ocho introducidas: dos peces (Cyprinus carpio y Gambusia affinis), dos tortugas (Trachemys scripta elegans y Trachemys venusta) y cuatro aves (Anas platyrhynchos, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus, Anser anser y Cairina moschata). Regatas fue el sitio con mayor diversidad de peces (n = 17) que representa un 10.43% de la ictiofauna del Río de la Plata (n = 163). Este sitio alberga un 13% de las especies de aves asociadas a cuerpos de agua registrados en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires (n = 107). Al comparar la riqueza específica entre las lagunas, encontramos una gran similitud entre Regatas y Planetario. Además, ambos sitios presentaron la mayor riqueza específica de peces durante los meses de enero y febrero. A partir de este estudio preliminar, fue posible describir y diferenciar cada laguna por su fauna y características físicas, y también constituye la base para continuar con estudios adicionales de las comunidades que permitan el desarrollo de las pautas de manejo necesarias para la protección de Lago Tres de febrero
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Diversidad de vertebrados acuáticos de tres humedales urbanos de la ciudad de Buenos Aires
2018Co-Authors: Llamazares Vegh S., Villatarco Vázquez A. P., Kunert M. C., Tombari, Andrea D.Abstract:The urban wetlands are sites of high biodiversity that are under a great anthropogenic pressure. In the city of Buenos Aires, one of the more important areas of recreation is constituted by Parque Tres de Febrero (well-known as like “Bosques de Palermo”), that conforms a green zone of 25 ha. In this area there are artificial wetlands of diverse physical characteristics. In the present work, the goal is to determine vertebrate’s diversity in these urban aquatic enviroments in order to evaluate the degree of impact of the recreational activity on the conservation of the vertebrates associated to the water bodies. The study was carried out in three artificial lagoons included in the park: Regatas, Rosedal and Planetario. Altogether, seventeen species of fish (Prochilodus lineatus, Oligosarcus jenynsii, Cheirodon interruptus, Bryconamericus iheringii, Hoplias malabaricus, Hypostomus commersoni, Rhamdia quelen, Pimelodus albicans, Pimelodus maculatus, Cyprinus carpio carpio, Cnesterodon decemmaculatus, Gambusia affinis, Jenynsia multidentata, Synbranchus marmoratus, Australoheros facetus, Gymnogeophagus meridionalis and Crenicichla scottii), eighteen species of birds (Podiceps rolland, Podilymbus podiceps, Podiceps major, Phalacrocorax olivaceus, Ardea alba, Egretta thula, Butorides striatus, Nycticorax nycticorax, Anas georgica, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus, Anser anser, Cairina moschata, Netta peposaca, Aramus guarauna, Fulica armillata, Fulica leucoptera and Chloroceyle amazona), three species of turtles (Phrynops hilarii, Trachemys scripta elegans and Trachemys venusta) and one species of mammal were registered (Myocastor coipo). Among these species, eight are introduced: two fishes (Cyprinus carpio carpio and Gambusia affinis), two turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans and Trachemys venusta) and four birds (Anas platyrhynchos, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus, Anser anser and Cairina moschata). Regatas was the site with greater diversity of fishes (n=17) that represents a 10.43% of Río de la Plata’s ichthyofauna (n=163). This site lodges a 13% of the bird species associated to registered water bodies in the City of Buenos Aires (n=107). When comparing the specific richness among lagoons, we found high similarity between Regatas and Planetarium. Also, both sites presented the greatest specific richness of fish during the months of January and February. From this preliminary study it was possible to describe and to differentiate each lagoon by its fauna and physical characteristics, and also it constitutes the base to continue with further studies of communities which allow the development of the necessary guidelines of handling for the protection of Lagos Tres de Febrero.Instituto de Limnología "Raúl A. Ringuelet
Tobias Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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adenosinergic regulation of the cardiovascular system in the red eared slider Trachemys scripta
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2014Co-Authors: William Joyce, Tobias WangAbstract:Abstract Few studies have investigated adenosinergic regulation of the cardiovascular system in reptiles. The haemodynamic effect of a bolus intra-arterial adenosine injection (2.5 μM kg − 1 ) was investigated in nine anaesthetised red-eared sliders ( Trachemys scripta ). Adenosine caused a transient bradycardia, which was accompanied by systemic vasodilatation as evidenced by an increase in systemic flow and a decrease in systemic pressure. Meanwhile, pulmonary flow fell significantly. Both the bradycardia and increase in systemic conductance were significantly attenuated by theophylline (4 mg kg − 1 ), demonstrating an involvement of P 1 receptors. These results suggest that adenosine is likely to play a significant role in reptile cardiovascular physiology. In turtles specifically, adenosinergic regulation may be particularly relevant during periods of apnoea.
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circulating nitric oxide metabolites and cardiovascular changes in the turtle Trachemys scripta during normoxia anoxia and reoxygenation
The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2012Co-Authors: Soren B Jacobsen, Tobias Wang, Marie Niemann Hansen, Frank B Jensen, Nini Skovgaard, Angela FagoAbstract:SUMMARY Turtles of the genus Trachemys show a remarkable ability to survive prolonged anoxia. This is achieved by a strong metabolic depression, redistribution of blood flow and high levels of antioxidant defence. To understand whether nitric oxide (NO), a major regulator of vasodilatation and oxygen consumption, may be involved in the adaptive response of Trachemys to anoxia, we measured NO metabolites (nitrite, S- nitroso, Fe-nitrosyl and N- nitroso compounds) in the plasma and red blood cells of venous and arterial blood of Trachemys scripta turtles during normoxia and after anoxia (3 h) and reoxygenation (30 min) at 21°C, while monitoring blood oxygen content and circulatory parameters. Anoxia caused complete blood oxygen depletion, decrease in heart rate and arterial pressure, and increase in venous pressure, which may enhance heart filling and improve cardiac contractility. Nitrite was present at high, micromolar levels in normoxic blood, as in some other anoxia-tolerant species, without significant arterial–venous differences. Normoxic levels of erythrocyte S -nitroso compounds were within the range found for other vertebrates, despite very high measured thiol content. Fe-nitrosyl and N- nitroso compounds were present at high micromolar levels under normoxia and increased further after anoxia and reoxygenation, suggesting NO generation from nitrite catalysed by deoxygenated haemoglobin, which in turtle had a higher nitrite reductase activity than in hypoxia-intolerant species. Taken together, these data indicate constitutively high circulating levels of NO metabolites and significant increases in blood NO after anoxia and reoxygenation that may contribute to the complex physiological response in the extreme anoxia tolerance of Trachemys turtles.
