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Victoria Reyesgarcia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Traditional Ecological Knowledge in europe status quo and insights for the environmental policy agenda
Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Monica Hernandezmorcillo, Erik Gomezbaggethun, Janis Hoberg, Elisa Oterosrozas, Tobias Plieninger, Victoria ReyesgarciaAbstract:Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Europe: Status Quo and Insights for the Environmental Policy Agenda Monica Hernandez-Morcillo a , Janis Hoberg a , Elisa Oteros-Rozas b , Tobias Plieninger c , Erik Gomez-Baggethun d & Victoria Reyes-Garcia d a Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities , Germany b Universidad Autonoma de Madrid , Spain c Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management , University of Copenhagen , Denmark d Environmental Science and Technology Institute of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona , Spain Published online: 23 Dec 2014.
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Traditional Ecological Knowledge and global environmental change research findings and policy implications
Ecology and Society, 2013Co-Authors: Erik Gomezbaggethun, Esteve Corbera, Victoria ReyesgarciaAbstract:This paper introduces the special feature of Ecology and Society entitled “Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Global Environmental Change. The special feature addresses two main research themes. The first theme concerns the resilience of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (hereafter TEK) and the conditions that might explain its loss or persistence in the face of global change. The second theme relates to new findings regarding the way in which TEK strengthens community resilience to respond to the multiple stressors of global environmental change. Those themes are analyzed using case studies from Africa, Asia, America and Europe. Theoretical insights and empirical findings from the studies suggest that despite the generalized worldwide trend of TEK erosion, substantial pockets of TEK persist in both developing and developed countries. A common trend on the studies presented here is hybridization, where Traditional Knowledge, practices, and beliefs are merged with novel forms of Knowledge and technologies to create new Knowledge systems. The findings also reinforce previous hypotheses pointing at the importance of TEK systems as reservoirs of experiential Knowledge that can provide important insights for the design of adaptation and mitigation strategies to cope with global environmental change. Based on the results from papers in this feature, we discuss policy directions that might help to promote maintenance and restoration of living TEK systems as sources of social-Ecological resilience.
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secular trends on Traditional Ecological Knowledge an analysis of changes in different domains of Knowledge among tsimane men
Learning and Individual Differences, 2013Co-Authors: Victoria Reyesgarcia, Maximilien Guèze, Manuel J. Macía, Jaime Panequegalvez, Marti Ortamartinez, Joan Pino, Taps Bolivian Study TeamAbstract:Abstract Empirical research provides contradictory evidence of the loss of Traditional Ecological Knowledge across societies. Researchers have argued that culture, methodological differences, and site-specific conditions are responsible for such contradictory evidences. We advance and test a third explanation: the adaptive nature of Traditional Ecological Knowledge systems. Specifically, we test whether different domains of Traditional Ecological Knowledge experience different secular changes and analyze trends in the context of other changes in livelihoods. We use data collected among 651 Tsimane' men (Bolivian Amazon). Our findings indicate that different domains of Knowledge follow different secular trends. Among the domains of Knowledge analyzed, medicinal Knowledge and wild edible Knowledge appear as the most vulnerable; canoe building Knowledge and firewood Knowledge seem to remain constant across generations; whereas house building Knowledge seems to experience a slight secular increase. Our analysis reflects on the adaptive nature of Traditional Ecological Knowledge, highlighting how changes in this Knowledge system respond to the particular needs of a society in a given point of time.
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reinterpreting change in Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Human Ecology, 2013Co-Authors: Erik Gomezbaggethun, Victoria ReyesgarciaAbstract:Much of the previous research on Traditional Ecological Knowledge (herefater TEK) has centred in 1) documenting fading Knowledge (eg. Ferguson and Messier 1997; Pieroni et al. 2004), 2) understanding the parallel decrease of biological and cultural diversity (Maffi 2005; Harmon and Loh 2010), and 3) assessing the processes and drivers of change that lead to the loss of TEK (Benz et al. 2000; Kingsbury 2001; Godoy et al. 2005; Gray et al. 2008; Turner and Turner 2008). The general argumentative line in those works revolves around lamenting the loss of TEK as indigenous peoples and rural communities modernize and adopt western lifestyles. For example, in the last decade a growing number of studies have reported changes and losses in the medicinal (Begossi et al. 2002; Case et al. 2005; Lozada et al. 2006; Monteiro et al. 2006), nutritional (Turner and Turner 2008), and agricultural (Benz et al. 2007; Stone 2007; Gomez-Baggethun et al. 2010) Knowledge of small-scale societies as they become more integrated in national societies and the market economy. The idea that TEK systems are capable of adapting both to external changes and internal frictions has been a mainstay of human ecology for some time (e.g. Berkes et al. 2000). Yet, by analyzing change primarily in terms of lost Knowledge, the usual research perspective tends to downplay the dynamic nature of TEK systems, and little emphasis is put in understanding particular changes in TEK as an adaptive response to new environmental, social, or economic conditions. Likewise, few researchers have examined how the culprits of the loss of TEK (i.e., modernization, technology, schooling, or integration into the market economy to name the most commonly mentioned factors) actually affect the mechanisms that allow societies to generate, regenerate, transmit, and apply Knowledge. In other words, our understanding of how these processes affect the resilience of TEK systems and their capacity to evolve and adapt is still limited. In this paper, we shift the focus from the analysis of trends in specific bodies of TEK, to the analysis of the factors and conditions that maintain or undermine people’s ability to adapt and regenerate TEK in the face of changing environmental and socio-economic conditions. In doing so, we advance our understanding on how factors underlying the loss of TEK affect the mechanisms used by societies to regenerate and transmit such Knowledge in the face of global environmental change.
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Traditional Ecological Knowledge and community resilience to environmental extremes a case study in donana sw spain
Global Environmental Change-human and Policy Dimensions, 2012Co-Authors: Victoria Reyesgarcia, Erik Gomezbaggethun, Per Olsson, Carlos MontesAbstract:Abstract Research in the last decade has emphasised the potential contribution of Traditional Ecological Knowledge to cope with challenges from global environmental change. This research examines the role of Traditional Ecological Knowledge and shared systems of beliefs in building long-term social–Ecological resilience to environmental extremes. Data were collected from 13 villages of the Donana region, southwestern Spain, through interviews, focus groups, and systematic reviews of historical archives. First, we assess adaptive practices to cope with environmental change. Then, we use historical records of religious ceremonies (1577–1956) to reconstruct collective responses to environmental extremes. Our results (1) show how environmental extremes could induce social and economic crises through declines in ecosystem services and (2) identify practices to cope with recurrent disturbance and institutional devices developed in response to environmental extremes. We conclude that Traditional Ecological Knowledge and shared systems of beliefs can facilitate collective responses to crises and contribute to the maintenance of long-term resilience of social–Ecological systems.
Erik Gomezbaggethun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Traditional Ecological Knowledge in europe status quo and insights for the environmental policy agenda
Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Monica Hernandezmorcillo, Erik Gomezbaggethun, Janis Hoberg, Elisa Oterosrozas, Tobias Plieninger, Victoria ReyesgarciaAbstract:Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Europe: Status Quo and Insights for the Environmental Policy Agenda Monica Hernandez-Morcillo a , Janis Hoberg a , Elisa Oteros-Rozas b , Tobias Plieninger c , Erik Gomez-Baggethun d & Victoria Reyes-Garcia d a Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities , Germany b Universidad Autonoma de Madrid , Spain c Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management , University of Copenhagen , Denmark d Environmental Science and Technology Institute of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona , Spain Published online: 23 Dec 2014.
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Traditional Ecological Knowledge and global environmental change research findings and policy implications
Ecology and Society, 2013Co-Authors: Erik Gomezbaggethun, Esteve Corbera, Victoria ReyesgarciaAbstract:This paper introduces the special feature of Ecology and Society entitled “Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Global Environmental Change. The special feature addresses two main research themes. The first theme concerns the resilience of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (hereafter TEK) and the conditions that might explain its loss or persistence in the face of global change. The second theme relates to new findings regarding the way in which TEK strengthens community resilience to respond to the multiple stressors of global environmental change. Those themes are analyzed using case studies from Africa, Asia, America and Europe. Theoretical insights and empirical findings from the studies suggest that despite the generalized worldwide trend of TEK erosion, substantial pockets of TEK persist in both developing and developed countries. A common trend on the studies presented here is hybridization, where Traditional Knowledge, practices, and beliefs are merged with novel forms of Knowledge and technologies to create new Knowledge systems. The findings also reinforce previous hypotheses pointing at the importance of TEK systems as reservoirs of experiential Knowledge that can provide important insights for the design of adaptation and mitigation strategies to cope with global environmental change. Based on the results from papers in this feature, we discuss policy directions that might help to promote maintenance and restoration of living TEK systems as sources of social-Ecological resilience.
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reinterpreting change in Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Human Ecology, 2013Co-Authors: Erik Gomezbaggethun, Victoria ReyesgarciaAbstract:Much of the previous research on Traditional Ecological Knowledge (herefater TEK) has centred in 1) documenting fading Knowledge (eg. Ferguson and Messier 1997; Pieroni et al. 2004), 2) understanding the parallel decrease of biological and cultural diversity (Maffi 2005; Harmon and Loh 2010), and 3) assessing the processes and drivers of change that lead to the loss of TEK (Benz et al. 2000; Kingsbury 2001; Godoy et al. 2005; Gray et al. 2008; Turner and Turner 2008). The general argumentative line in those works revolves around lamenting the loss of TEK as indigenous peoples and rural communities modernize and adopt western lifestyles. For example, in the last decade a growing number of studies have reported changes and losses in the medicinal (Begossi et al. 2002; Case et al. 2005; Lozada et al. 2006; Monteiro et al. 2006), nutritional (Turner and Turner 2008), and agricultural (Benz et al. 2007; Stone 2007; Gomez-Baggethun et al. 2010) Knowledge of small-scale societies as they become more integrated in national societies and the market economy. The idea that TEK systems are capable of adapting both to external changes and internal frictions has been a mainstay of human ecology for some time (e.g. Berkes et al. 2000). Yet, by analyzing change primarily in terms of lost Knowledge, the usual research perspective tends to downplay the dynamic nature of TEK systems, and little emphasis is put in understanding particular changes in TEK as an adaptive response to new environmental, social, or economic conditions. Likewise, few researchers have examined how the culprits of the loss of TEK (i.e., modernization, technology, schooling, or integration into the market economy to name the most commonly mentioned factors) actually affect the mechanisms that allow societies to generate, regenerate, transmit, and apply Knowledge. In other words, our understanding of how these processes affect the resilience of TEK systems and their capacity to evolve and adapt is still limited. In this paper, we shift the focus from the analysis of trends in specific bodies of TEK, to the analysis of the factors and conditions that maintain or undermine people’s ability to adapt and regenerate TEK in the face of changing environmental and socio-economic conditions. In doing so, we advance our understanding on how factors underlying the loss of TEK affect the mechanisms used by societies to regenerate and transmit such Knowledge in the face of global environmental change.
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Traditional Ecological Knowledge and community resilience to environmental extremes a case study in donana sw spain
Global Environmental Change-human and Policy Dimensions, 2012Co-Authors: Victoria Reyesgarcia, Erik Gomezbaggethun, Per Olsson, Carlos MontesAbstract:Abstract Research in the last decade has emphasised the potential contribution of Traditional Ecological Knowledge to cope with challenges from global environmental change. This research examines the role of Traditional Ecological Knowledge and shared systems of beliefs in building long-term social–Ecological resilience to environmental extremes. Data were collected from 13 villages of the Donana region, southwestern Spain, through interviews, focus groups, and systematic reviews of historical archives. First, we assess adaptive practices to cope with environmental change. Then, we use historical records of religious ceremonies (1577–1956) to reconstruct collective responses to environmental extremes. Our results (1) show how environmental extremes could induce social and economic crises through declines in ecosystem services and (2) identify practices to cope with recurrent disturbance and institutional devices developed in response to environmental extremes. We conclude that Traditional Ecological Knowledge and shared systems of beliefs can facilitate collective responses to crises and contribute to the maintenance of long-term resilience of social–Ecological systems.
Fikret Berkes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Combining Science and Traditional Ecological Knowledge: Monitoring Populations for Co-Management
Ecology and Society, 2004Co-Authors: Henrik Moller, Fikret Berkes, Philip Lyver, Mina KislaliogluAbstract:Using a combination of Traditional Ecological Knowledge and science to monitor populations can greatly assist co-management for sustainable customary wildlife harvests by indigenous peoples. Case studies from Canada and New Zealand emphasize that, although Traditional monitoring methods may often be imprecise and qualitative, they are nevertheless valuable because they are based on observations over long time periods, incorporate large sample sizes, are inexpensive, invite the participation of harvesters as researchers, and sometimes incorporate subtle multivariate cross checks for environmental change. A few simple rules suggested by Traditional Knowledge may produce good management outcomes consistent with fuzzy logic thinking. Science can sometimes offer better tests of potential causes of population change by research on larger spatial scales, precise quantification, and evaluation of population change where no harvest occurs. However, science is expensive and may not always be trusted or welcomed by customary users of wildlife. Short scientific studies in which Traditional monitoring methods are calibrated against population abundance could make it possible to mesh Traditional Ecological Knowledge with scientific inferences of prey population dynamics. This paper analyzes the Traditional monitoring techniques of catch per unit effort and body condition. Combining scientific and Traditional monitoring methods can not only build partnership and community consensus, but also, and more importantly, allow indigenous wildlife users to critically evaluate scientific predictions on their own terms and test sustainability using their own forms of adaptive management
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Local Understandings of the Land: Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Indigenous Knowledge
Science Across Cultures: The History of Non-Western Science, 2003Co-Authors: Roy C. Dudgeon, Fikret BerkesAbstract:Much of the literature on Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) deals with similarities and differences between Western science and Traditional Knowledge (e.g., Johannes, 1989; Williams and Baines, 1993; Berkes, 1999). By contrast, little has been written about the relationship between TEK and indigenous Knowledge (IK). These two areas constitute two closely related and broadly overlapping literatures. While each approach seeks to understand local Knowledge of the land, there are both similarities and differences between the two. One of the primary differences is the insight provided by TEK regarding some new understandings in ecology and resource management.
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rediscovery of Traditional Ecological Knowledge as adaptive management
Ecological Applications, 2000Co-Authors: Fikret Berkes, Johan Colding, Carl FolkeAbstract:Indigenous groups offer alternative Knowledge and perspectives based on their own locally developed practices of resource use. We surveyed the international literature to focus on the role of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in monitoring, responding to, and managing ecosystem processes and functions, with special attention to Ecological resilience. Case studies revealed that there exists a diversity of local or Traditional practices for ecosystem management. These include multiple species management, resource rotation, succession management, landscape patchiness management, and other ways of responding to and managing pulses and Ecological surprises. Social mechanisms behind these Traditional practices include a number of adaptations for the generation, accumulation, and transmission of Knowledge; the use of local institutions to provide leaders/stewards and rules for social regulation; mechanisms for cultural internalization of Traditional practices; and the development of appropriate world views and cultural values. Some Traditional Knowledge and management systems were characterized by the use of local Ecological Knowledge to interpret and respond to feedbacks from the environment to guide the direction of resource management. These Traditional systems had certain similarities to adaptive management with its emphasis on feedback learning, and its treatment of uncertainty and unpredictability intrinsic to all ecosystems.
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Rediscovery of Traditional Ecological Knowledge as adaptive management
Ecological Applications, 2000Co-Authors: Fikret Berkes, Johan Colding, Carl FolkeAbstract:Indigenous groups offer alternative Knowledge and perspectives based on their own locally developed practices of resource use. We surveyed the international lit- erature to focus on the role of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in monitoring, responding to, and managing ecosystem processes and functions, with special attention to Ecological resilience. Case studies revealed that there exists a diversity of local or Traditional practices for ecosystem management. These include multiple species management, resource rotation, succession management, landscape patchiness management, and other ways of responding to and managing pulses and Ecological surprises. Social mechanisms behind these Traditional practices include a number of adaptations for the generation, accumulation, and transmission of Knowledge; the use of local institutions to provide leaders/stewards and rules for social regulation; mechanisms for cultural internalization of Traditional practices; and the devel- opment of appropriate world views and cultural values. Some Traditional Knowledge and management systems were characterized by the use of local Ecological Knowledge to in- terpret and respond to feedbacks from the environment to guide the direction of resource management. These Traditional systems had certain similarities to adaptive management with its emphasis on feedback learning, and its treatment of uncertainty and unpredictability intrinsic to all ecosystems.
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Changing resource management paradigms, Traditional Ecological Knowledge, and non-timber forest products.
2000Co-Authors: Iain J. Davidson-hunt, Fikret BerkesAbstract:—We begin this paper by exploring the shift now occurring in the science that provides the theoretical basis for resource management practice. The concepts of Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Traditional management systems are presented next to provide the background for an examination of resilient landscapes that emerge through the work and play of humans. These examples of Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Traditional management systems suggest that it is important to focus on managing Ecological processes, instead of products, and to use integrated ecosystem management. Traditional Knowledge is often discussed by resource management agencies as a source of information to be incorporated into management practice; in this paper we go further and explore Traditional Knowledge as an arena of dialogue between resource managers and harvesters. To enter into this dialogue will require mutual respect among managers and users for each others’ Knowledge and practice. Such a dialogue could move forest management paradigms beyond our current view of “timber or parks” and toward one of truly
Leonard J. S. Tsuji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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CREE Traditional Ecological Knowledge AND SCIENCE: A CASE STUDY OF THE SHARP-TAILED GROUSE, Tympanuchus phasianllus phasianllus
1996Co-Authors: Leonard J. S. TsujiAbstract:Resume This paper attempts to evaluate the validity of Indigenous Knowledge using the Sharp-tailed grouse as a test case. It shows that Cree Traditional Ecological Knowledge is factual and often quantitative in nature. Limitations exist in the distinction between observations and interpretations. Traditional Ecological Knowledge can be added to data bases and can facilitate resource co-management.
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LOSS OF C REE Traditional Ecological Knowledge IN THE WESTERN JAMES BAY REGIONOF NORTHERN ONTARIO, CANADA: A CASE STUDY OF THE SHARP-TAILED GROUSE, Tympanuchus phasianellus phasianellus
1996Co-Authors: Leonard J. S. TsujiAbstract:Resume This paper demonstrates quantitatively, using the Sharp-tailed grouse as a case study, that there is significant loss ofTraditional Ecological Knowledge in the Fort Albany First Nation community between generations, for both females and males. Ifnothing is done to maintain Knowledge (and culture) in First Nations communities, all Traditional Ecological Knowledge will even- tually be lost. The paper includes a brief description of one project aimed at preserving First Nations Traditional Ecological Knowledge.
Victoria Reyes-garcía - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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How Does Social Status Relate to Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Introduction to Ethnobiology, 2016Co-Authors: Victoria Reyes-garcía, Sandrine GalloisAbstract:Considering that Knowledge transmission processes might be affected by prestige bias, this chapter explores the relation between Traditional Ecological Knowledge and social status. Data collected among three hunter-gatherer societies (the Punan in Borneo, the Baka in the Congo Basin, and the Tsimane’ in the Amazon) and regarding three domains of Knowledge (medicinal plant, hunting, and agricultural Knowledge) suggest that measures of Knowledge and skills are associated with an evaluation of the person’s Knowledge provided by fellow community members, i.e., social status. We highlight that this relation might vary according to the domain of Knowledge and might be shaped by other individuals’ characteristics, such as own implication in social organization. Moreover, social status might present varied associations with different bodies of Knowledge, as it is the case with some specialized Traditional ethnomedicinal plant Knowledge which is not shared by all the members of a community.
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Cultural Change and Traditional Ecological Knowledge: An Empirical Analysis from the Tsimane' in the Bolivian Amazon
Human Organization, 2014Co-Authors: Victoria Reyes-garcía, Jaime Paneque-gálvez, Maximilien Guèze, Manuel J. Macía, Martí Orta-martínez, Joan PinoAbstract:Among the different factors associated with change in Traditional Ecological Knowledge, the study of the relations between cultural change and Traditional Ecological Knowledge has received scan and inadequate scholarly attention. Using data from indigenous peoples of an Amazonian society facing increasing exposure to the mainstream Bolivian society, we analyzed the relation between Traditional Ecological Knowledge, proxied with individual plant use Knowledge and cultural change, proxied with individual- (n=484) and village-level (n=47) measures of attachment to Traditional beliefs and values. We found that both the individual level of detachment from Traditional values and the village level detachment from Traditional values were associated with individual levels of plant use Knowledge, irrespective of other proxy measures for cultural change. Because both the individual- and the village-level variables bear statistically significant associations with plant use Knowledge, our results suggest that both the individual- and the supra-individual level processes of cultural change are related to the erosion of plant use Knowledge. Results from our work highlight the importance of analyzing processes that operate at intermediary social units—the village in our case study—to explain changes in Traditional Ecological Knowledge.
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An empirical comparison of Knowledge and skill in the context of Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 2013Co-Authors: Eric P Kightley, Maximilien Guèze, Victoria Reyes-garcía, Kathryn Demps, Ruth V Magtanong, Victoria C Ramenzoni, Gayatri Thampy, John Richard SteppAbstract:Background We test whether Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) about how to make an item predicts a person’s skill at making it among the Tsimane’ (Bolivia). The rationale for this research is that the failure to distinguish between Knowledge and skill might account for some of the conflicting results about the relationships between TEK, human health, and economic development.
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Guest Editorial, part of a Special Feature on Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Global Environmental Change Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Global Environmental Change: Research findings and policy implications
2013Co-Authors: Erik Gómez-baggethun, Esteve Corbera, Victoria Reyes-garcíaAbstract:This paper introduces the special feature of Ecology and Society entitled "Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Global Environmental Change. The special feature addresses two main research themes. The first theme concerns the resilience of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (hereafter TEK) and the conditions that might explain its loss or persistence in the face of global change. The second theme relates to new findings regarding the way in which TEK strengthens community resilience to respond to the multiple stressors of global environmental change. Those themes are analyzed using case studies from Africa, Asia, America and Europe. Theoretical insights and empirical findings from the studies suggest that despite the generalized worldwide trend of TEK erosion, substantial pockets of TEK persist in both developing and developed countries. A common trend on the studies presented here is hybridization, where Traditional Knowledge, practices, and beliefs are merged with novel forms of Knowledge and technologies to create new Knowledge systems. The findings also reinforce previous hypotheses pointing at the importance of TEK systems as reservoirs of experiential Knowledge that can provide important insights for the design of adaptation and mitigation strategies to cope with global environmental change. Based on the results from papers in this feature, we discuss policy directions that might help to promote maintenance and restoration of living TEK systems as sources of social- Ecological resilience.