The Experts below are selected from a list of 20667 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kaytee Khaw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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area deprivation predicts lung function independently of education and social class
European Respiratory Journal, 2004Co-Authors: Shamarina Shohaimi, Ailsa Welch, Sheila Bingham, Robert Luben, Nicholas E Day, N J Wareham, Kaytee KhawAbstract:The cross-sectional association between socioeconomic status (at both the individual and area-based level) and lung function, as measured by forced expiratory volume in one second, in a large population-based cohort was investigated. The study population consisted of 22,675 males and females aged 39-79 yrs. They were recruited from the general community in Norfolk, UK using general practice age/sex registers, as part of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC-Norfolk). It was found that being in a manual occupational social class, having no educational qualifications and living in a deprived area all independently predicted significantly lower lung function, even after controlling for Smoking Habit. The influence of area-deprivation on lung function, independent of individual socioeconomic status and of individual Smoking Habit, suggests that apart from targeting individuals who are at high-risk, such as smokers, environmental determinants also need to be examined when considering measures to improve respiratory health.
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Smoking status and differential white cell count in men and women in the epic norfolk population
Atherosclerosis, 2003Co-Authors: Megan R Smith, Ailsa Welch, Sheila Bingham, Robert Luben, Nicholas J Wareham, Ann Louise Kinmonth, Kaytee KhawAbstract:The total white blood cell (WBC) count is reported to be an independent predictor of mortality in several prospective studies. We investigated the association between total and differential WBC counts and cigarette Smoking Habit in a cross-sectional population-based study of 6902 men and 8405 women 39–79 years of age participating between July 1994 and 1997 in the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC-Norfolk) study. Main outcome measures included WBC, granulocyte, lymphocyte and monocyte counts measured at a baseline health check and self-reported cigarette Smoking Habit. The age- and body mass index-adjusted mean total WBC counts were 7.8, 6.4, and 6.2×103 per ul (P<0.0001) among male current, former and never smokers, respectively, and 7.4, 6.3 and 6.2×103 per ul (P<0.0001), respectively, in women. The greatest absolute and percentage differences between Smoking groups were observed for the granulocyte count. Current Smoking Habit had a stronger effect on mean total WBC counts than cumulative exposure as measured by pack years. Among former smokers mean age- and body mass index-adjusted WBC, granulocyte and lymphocyte counts were inversely related to duration of Smoking cessation (P≤0.02). Smokers who had given up less than 12 months previously had WBC counts substantially lower (6.7 and 6.9×103 per ul, respectively, in men and women) than current smokers. In conclusion, the total WBC count and its components (particularly the granulocyte count) are strongly associated with cigarette Smoking Habit. Smoking cessation may have an almost immediate impact at least on pathophysiologic processes such as inflammation that may be indicated by the WBC count. The apparent almost immediate reversibility of effects of Smoking on inflammation, as indicated by the WBC count, may help motivate efforts to stop Smoking.
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residential area deprivation predicts Smoking Habit independently of individual educational level and occupational social class a cross sectional study in the norfolk cohort of the european investigation into cancer epic norfolk
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2003Co-Authors: Shamarina Shohaimi, Ailsa Welch, Sheila Bingham, Robert Luben, Nicholas J Wareham, N E Day, Suzy Oakes, Kaytee KhawAbstract:Objectives: To investigate the independent association between individual and area based measures of socioeconomic status and cigarette Smoking Habit. Design and setting: Cross sectional, population based study. Participants and methods: 12 579 men and 15 132 women aged 39–79 years living in the general community participating in the EPIC-Norfolk Study in 1993–1997. The association between social class, educational status, Townsend residential deprivation level, and cigarette Smoking status was examined. Main outcome measures: Cigarette Smoking status at baseline survey. Results: Social class, educational level, and residential deprivation level independently related to cigarette Smoking Habit in both men and women. Multivariate age adjusted odds ratios for current Smoking in men were 1.62 (95% CI 1.45 to 1.81) for manual compared with non-manual social class, 1.32 (95% CI 1.17 to 1.48) for those with educational level less than O level compared with those with O level qualifications or higher and 1.84 (95% CI 1.62 to 2.08) for high versus low area deprivation level. For women, the odds ratios for current Smoking for manual social class were 1.14 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.27); 1.31 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.46) for low educational level and 1.68 (95% CI 1.49 to 1.90) for high residential deprivation respectively. Conclusions: Residential deprivation level using the Townsend score, individual social class, and educational level all independently predict Smoking Habit in both men and women. Efforts to reduce cigarette Smoking need to tackle not just individual but also area based factors. Understanding the specific factors in deprived areas that influence Smoking Habit may help inform preventive efforts.
Franco Postacchini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the impact of preoperative Smoking Habit on rotator cuff tear cigarette Smoking influences rotator cuff tear sizes
Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 2012Co-Authors: Stefano Carbone, Stefano Gumina, Vincenzo Campagna, Valerio Arceri, Corrado Fagnani, Franco PostacchiniAbstract:Hypothesis Smoking is an important risk factor for the development of rotator cuff tears. We hypothesized that Smoking may also influence rotator cuff tear size. Materials and methods The study included 408 patients who underwent arthroscopic repair of cuff tear. Cuff tears were classified during surgery. We analyzed the percentage of smokers and the association of the amount and duration of Smoking exposure with the type of tear. The average number of daily cigarettes and the total number of cigarettes in life were studied using age and gender as covariates. Results Smokers comprised 131 of 408 patients (32.1%). A type I tear affected 95 patients (23.3%), type II affected 214 (52.5%), type III affected 74 (18.1%), and type IV affected 25 (6.1%). Smokers comprised 23.2% (22 patients) of patients with type I tear, 33.6% (72 patients) of patients with type II tears, 36.5% (27 patients) of patients with type III tears and 40% (10 patients) of patients with IV tears. The frequency of smokers with at least a type II tear was 34.8% and differed significantly from the 23.2% of the type I tear patients ( P = 0.033). Total number of cigarettes was significantly higher in patients with an at least a type II tear ( F 1,127 = 4.694, P = .032). Discussion Rotator cuff has a relatively hypovascular insertion into the greater tuberosity. Cigarette Smoking negatively affects vascularity of tendons. Conclusions There is a correlation between cigarette Smoking Habit, rotator cuff tear, and tear size. There was an increasing daily average number of cigarettes and a total number of cigarettes smoked in life across patients with increasing severity of tears.
Maria Felicitas Lopezcima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lung cancer risk and pollution in an industrial region of northern spain a hospital based case control study
International Journal of Health Geographics, 2011Co-Authors: Maria Felicitas Lopezcima, Javier Garciaperez, Beatriz Perezgomez, Nuria Aragones, Gonzalo LopezabenteAbstract:Background Asturias, an Autonomous Region in Northern Spain with a large industrial area, registers high lung cancer incidence and mortality. While this excess risk of lung cancer might be partially attributable to Smoking Habit and occupational exposure, the role of industrial and urban pollution also needs to be assessed. The objective was to ascertain the possible effect of air pollution, both urban and industrial, on lung cancer risk in Asturias.
Lidia Frances - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of dietary Habit iodine supplementation and Smoking Habit on urinary iodine concentration during pregnancy in a catalonia population
Nutrients, 2020Co-Authors: Mariateresa Torres, Lluis Vila, Josepmaria Manresa, Roser Casamitjana, Gemma Prieto, Pere Toran, Gemma Falguera, Lidia FrancesAbstract:(1) Background: The nutritional status of women during pregnancy can have a considerable effect on maternal and fetal health, and on the perinatal outcome. Aim: to assess the changes occurring in dietary iodine intake, potassium iodide supplementation, and Smoking Habit, and the impact of these changes on the urinary iodine concentration (UIC) during pregnancy in a population of women in Catalonia (Spain). (2) Methods: Between 2009–2011, an observational study included a cohort of women whose pregnancies were monitored in the public health system in the Central and North Metropolitan areas of Catalonia. Women received individual educational counseling, a dietary questionnaire was completed, and a urine sample was collected for iodine determination at each trimester visit. (3) Results: 633 (67.9%) women answered the questionnaire at all 3 visits. The percentage of women with a desirable UIC (≥150 μg/L) increased from the first to the second trimester and remained stable in the third (57.3%, 68.9%, 68%; p < 0.001). Analysis of the relationship between UIC≥150 μg/L and the women’s dietary Habits showed that the percentage with UIC ≥150 μg/L increased with greater consumption of milk in the first trimester, and the same was true for iodized salt use in all three trimesters and iodine supplementation in all three. (4) Conclusion: During pregnancy, increased intake of milk, iodized salt, and iodine supplements were associated with an increase in the UIC.
Henryk Górecki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of age sex Smoking Habit and hair color on the composition of hair
Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2006Co-Authors: Katarzyna Chojnacka, Helena Górecka, Henryk GóreckiAbstract:Hair samples (N = 83) were collected between the years 1996 and 2003 from inHabitants of Wrocoaw, a city located in Lower Silesia, south-western Poland (urbanized and industrialized region). The concentrations of 33 elements: Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cu, Zn, P, Fe, Mn, Cr, Se, B, Co, Mo, Si, V, Ni, Be, Hg, Cd, Al, Pb, As, Ba, Au, Pt, Ag, Sr, Sn, Ti, W, Sb and Zr in hair were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) techniques. The effect of age, sex, Smoking Habits and hair color on the elemental composition of hair was investigated. Also, the obtained results were compared with literature data. It was found that the composition of hair varied with age, sex, hair color and Smoking Habits. This concerned the majority of elements except Ti, Se, Mn, Ni, Hg, Cd, As, Co (in the case of effect of age), Al, Cd, Co (sex), Cd, K, Ag, Ca, Co, Be (Smoking Habit), P, Fe, Al, Mn and Cr (hair color). Therefore, reference values for the level of the remaining elements should be normalized according to age, sex, Smoking Habit and hair color. This would make hair analysis more reliable. © 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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the effect of age sex Smoking Habit and hair color on the composition of hair
Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2006Co-Authors: Katarzyna Chojnacka, Helena Górecka, Henryk GóreckiAbstract:Hair samples (N=83) were collected between the years 1996 and 2003 from inHabitants of Wroclaw, a city located in Lower Silesia, south-western Poland (urbanized and industrialized region). The concentrations of 33 elements: Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cu, Zn, P, Fe, Mn, Cr, Se, B, Co, Mo, Si, V, Ni, Be, Hg, Cd, Al, Pb, As, Ba, Au, Pt, Ag, Sr, Sn, Ti, W, Sb and Zr in hair were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) techniques. The effect of age, sex, Smoking Habits and hair color on the elemental composition of hair was investigated. Also, the obtained results were compared with literature data. It was found that the composition of hair varied with age, sex, hair color and Smoking Habits. This concerned the majority of elements except Ti, Se, Mn, Ni, Hg, Cd, As, Co (in the case of effect of age), Al, Cd, Co (sex), Cd, K, Ag, Ca, Co, Be (Smoking Habit), P, Fe, Al, Mn and Cr (hair color). Therefore, reference values for the level of the remaining elements should be normalized according to age, sex, Smoking Habit and hair color. This would make hair analysis more reliable.
