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Bingui Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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isolation and characterization of antibacterial carotane sesquiterpenes from artemisia argyi associated endophytic Trichoderma virens qa 8
The Journal of Antibiotics, 2021Co-Authors: Xiaoshan Shi, Linghong Meng, Dunjia Wang, Xingwang Zhou, Yin-ping Song, Suiqun Yang, Bingui WangAbstract:Carotane sesquiterpenes are commonly found in plants but are infrequently reported in the fungal kingdom. Chemical investigation of Trichoderma virens QA-8, an endophytic fungus associated with the inner root tissue of the grown medicinal herb Artemisia argyi H. Lev. and Vaniot, resulted in the isolation and characterization of five new carotane sesquiterpenes trichocarotins I–M (1–5), which have diverse substitution patterns, and seven known related analogues (6–12). The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of a detailed interpretation of their NMR and mass spectroscopic data, and the structures including the relative and absolute configurations of compounds 1–3, 5, 9, and 10 were confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. In the antibacterial assays, all isolates exhibited potent activity against Escherichia coli EMBLC-1, with MIC values ranging from 0.5 to 32 µg/mL, while 7β-hydroxy CAF-603 (7) strongly inhibited Micrococcus luteus QDIO-3 (MIC = 0.5 µg/mL). Structure-activity relationships of these compounds were discussed. The results from this study demonstrate that the endophytic fungus T. virens QA-8 from the planted medicinal herb A. argyi is a rich source of antibacterial carotane sesquiterpenes, and some of them might be interesting for further study to be developed as novel antibacterial agents.
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Cadinane and carotane derivatives from the marine algicolous fungus Trichoderma virens RR-dl-6-8.
Fitoterapia, 2020Co-Authors: Yin-ping Song, Xiaoshan Shi, Bingui WangAbstract:Abstract Eight cadinane derivatives, trichocadinins H − N (1–7) and methylhydroheptelidate (8), and two carotane derivatives, 14-O-methyltrichocarotin G (9) and 14-O-methyl CAF-603 (10), including eight new ones (1–6, 9, and 10), were isolated from the culture of Trichoderma virens RR-dl-6-8 obtained from the organohalogen-enriched marine red alga Rhodomela confervoides. Their structures and relative configurations were established by analysis of NMR and mass spectroscopic data, and the absolute configurations were assigned on the basis of ECD curves, highlighted by the ECD diversity of carboxylic acid derivatives. Among the isolates, 1 with a halogen atom and 8, a new naturally occurring compound, are 2,3-seco-cadinane sesquiterpenes, and the epimeric 2 and 3 feature a 2-nor-cadinane skeleton. A commercially-sourced compound with the same planar structure as that of 7 has been reported in a patent, but its configuration was not given. Compounds 1–10 exhibited growth inhibition of some marine phytoplankton species.
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trichocadinins b g antimicrobial cadinane sesquiterpenes from Trichoderma virens qa 8 an endophytic fungus obtained from the medicinal plant artemisia argyi
Journal of Natural Products, 2019Co-Authors: Xiaoshan Shi, Linghong Meng, Dunjia Wang, Xingwang Zhou, Bingui WangAbstract:Trichocadinins B–G (1–6), six new cadinane-type sesquiterpene derivatives, each with C-14 carboxyl functionality, were isolated from the culture extract of Trichoderma virens QA-8, an endophytic fu...
Charles M. Kenerley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A class I hydrophobin in Trichoderma virens influences plant-microbe interactions through enhancement of enzyme activity and MAMP recognition
2021Co-Authors: James T. Taylor, Benjamin A Horwitz, Inna Krieger, Frankie Crutcher, Pierce Jamieson, Michael V. Kolomiets, Charles M. KenerleyAbstract:The filamentous fungus, Trichoderma virens, is a well-known mycoparasitic plant symbiont, valued for its biocontrol capabilities. T. virens initiates a symbiotic relationship with a plant host through the colonization of its roots. To achieve colonization, the fungus must communicate with the host and evade its innate defenses. Hydrophobins from Trichoderma spp. have previously been demonstrated to be involved in colonization of host roots. In this study, the class I hydrophobin, HFB9A from T. virens was characterized for a potential role in root colonization. {Delta}hfb9a gene deletion mutants colonized less than the wild-type strain, were unable to induce systemic resistance against Colletotrichum graminicola, and showed a reduction in the activity of its cell wall degrading enzymes. The purified HFB9A protein was able to complement the enzyme activity of mutant culture filtrates as well as enhance the activity of commercially sourced cellulase. When exogenously applied to Arabidopsis plants, HFB9A protein induced phosphorylation of AtMAPK3/6, suggesting that it functions as a microbe-associated molecular pattern.
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Deletion of the Trichoderma virens NRPS, Tex7, induces accumulation of the anti-cancer compound heptelidic acid.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2020Co-Authors: James T. Taylor, Lorraine S Puckhaber, Prasun K. Mukherjee, Benjamin A Horwitz, Karuna Dixit, Tatyana I. Igumenova, Charles P.-c. Suh, Charles M. KenerleyAbstract:Abstract The anticancer antibiotic heptelidic acid is a sesquiterpene lactone produced by the beneficial plant fungus Trichoderma virens. This species has been separated into two strains, referred to as P and Q, based on its biosynthesis of secondary metabolites; notably, only P-strains were reported to produce heptelidic acid. While characterizing a Q-strain of T. virens containing a directed mutation in the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase encoding gene Tex7, the appearance of an unknown compound in anomalously large quantities was visualized by TLC. Using a combination of HPLC, LC-MS/MS, and NMR spectroscopy, this compound was identified as heptelidic acid. This discovery alters the strain classification structure of T. virens. Additionally, the Tex7 mutants inhibited growth of maize seedlings, while retaining the ability to induce systemic resistance against the foliar fungal pathogen, Cochliobolus heterostrophus.
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A paralog of the proteinaceous elicitor SM1 is involved in colonization of maize roots by Trichoderma virens.
Fungal biology, 2015Co-Authors: Frankie K. Crutcher, Prasun K. Mukherjee, Maria E. Moran-diez, Benjamin A Horwitz, Shengli Ding, Jinggao Liu, Charles M. KenerleyAbstract:The biocontrol agent, Trichoderma virens, has the ability to protect plants from pathogens by eliciting plant defense responses, involvement in mycoparasitism, or secreting antagonistic secondary metabolites. SM1, an elicitor of induced systemic resistance (ISR), was found to have three paralogs within the T. virens genome. The paralog sm2 is highly expressed in the presence of plant roots. Gene deletion mutants of sm2 were generated and the mutants were found to overproduce SM1. The ability to elicit ISR in maize against Colletotrichum graminicola was not compromised for the mutants compared to that of wild type isolate. However, the deletion strains had a significantly lowered ability to colonize maize roots. This appears to be the first report on the involvement of an effector-like protein in colonization of roots by Trichoderma.
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Host-specific transcriptomic pattern of Trichoderma virens during interaction with maize or tomato roots
BMC Genomics, 2015Co-Authors: Maria E. Moran-diez, Charles M. Kenerley, Prasun K. Mukherjee, Naomi Trushina, Netta Li Lamdan, Lea Rosenfelder, Benjamin A HorwitzAbstract:Background Members of the fungal genus Trichoderma directly antagonize soil-borne fungal pathogens, and an increasing number of species are studied for their potential in biocontrol of plant pathogens in agriculture. Some species also colonize plant roots, promoting systemic resistance. The Trichoderma -root interaction is hosted by a wide range of plant species, including monocots and dicots. Results To test the hypothesis that gene expression by the fungal partner in this beneficial interaction is modulated by the plant, Trichoderma virens was co-cultured with maize or tomato in a hydroponic system allowing interaction with the roots. The transcriptomes for T. virens alone were compared with fungus-inoculated tomato or maize roots by hybridization on microarrays of 11645 unique oligonucleotides designed from the predicted protein-coding gene models. Transcript levels of 210 genes were modulated by interaction with roots. Almost all were up-regulated. Glycoside hydrolases and transporters were highly represented among transcripts induced by co-culture with roots. Of the genes up-regulated on either or both host plants, 35 differed significantly in their expression levels between maize and tomato. Ten of these were expressed higher in the fungus in co-culture with tomato roots than with maize. Average transcript levels for these genes ranged from 1.9 fold higher on tomato than on maize to 60.9 fold for the most tomato-specific gene. The other 25 host-specific transcripts were expressed more strongly in co-culture with maize than with tomato. Average transcript levels for these genes were 2.5 to 196 fold higher on maize than on tomato. Conclusions Based on the relevant role of Trichoderma virens as a biological control agent this study provides a better knowledge of its crosstalk with plants in a host-specific manner. The differentially expressed genes encode proteins belonging to several functional classes including enzymes, transporters and small secreted proteins. Among them, glycoside hydrolases and transporters are highlighted by their abundance and suggest an important factor in the metabolism of host cell walls during colonization of the outer root layers. Host-specific gene expression may contribute to the ability of T. virens to colonize the roots of a wide range of plant species.
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Host-specific transcriptomic pattern of Trichoderma virens during interaction with maize or tomato roots
BMC genomics, 2015Co-Authors: Maria E. Moran-diez, Charles M. Kenerley, Prasun K. Mukherjee, Naomi Trushina, Netta Li Lamdan, Lea Rosenfelder, Benjamin A HorwitzAbstract:Members of the fungal genus Trichoderma directly antagonize soil-borne fungal pathogens, and an increasing number of species are studied for their potential in biocontrol of plant pathogens in agriculture. Some species also colonize plant roots, promoting systemic resistance. The Trichoderma-root interaction is hosted by a wide range of plant species, including monocots and dicots. To test the hypothesis that gene expression by the fungal partner in this beneficial interaction is modulated by the plant, Trichoderma virens was co-cultured with maize or tomato in a hydroponic system allowing interaction with the roots. The transcriptomes for T. virens alone were compared with fungus-inoculated tomato or maize roots by hybridization on microarrays of 11645 unique oligonucleotides designed from the predicted protein-coding gene models. Transcript levels of 210 genes were modulated by interaction with roots. Almost all were up-regulated. Glycoside hydrolases and transporters were highly represented among transcripts induced by co-culture with roots. Of the genes up-regulated on either or both host plants, 35 differed significantly in their expression levels between maize and tomato. Ten of these were expressed higher in the fungus in co-culture with tomato roots than with maize. Average transcript levels for these genes ranged from 1.9 fold higher on tomato than on maize to 60.9 fold for the most tomato-specific gene. The other 25 host-specific transcripts were expressed more strongly in co-culture with maize than with tomato. Average transcript levels for these genes were 2.5 to 196 fold higher on maize than on tomato. Based on the relevant role of Trichoderma virens as a biological control agent this study provides a better knowledge of its crosstalk with plants in a host-specific manner. The differentially expressed genes encode proteins belonging to several functional classes including enzymes, transporters and small secreted proteins. Among them, glycoside hydrolases and transporters are highlighted by their abundance and suggest an important factor in the metabolism of host cell walls during colonization of the outer root layers. Host-specific gene expression may contribute to the ability of T. virens to colonize the roots of a wide range of plant species.
Abdul Munir Abdul Murad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Functional characterisation of cellobiohydrolase I (Cbh1) from Trichoderma virens UKM1 expressed in Aspergillus niger.
Protein expression and purification, 2018Co-Authors: Anis Farhan Fatimi Ab Wahab, Farah Diba Abu Bakar, Noor Adila Abdul Karim, Jonathan Guyang Ling, Nurain Shahera Hasan, Hui Yee Yong, Izwan Bharudin, Shazilah Kamaruddin, Abdul Munir Abdul MuradAbstract:Abstract Cellobiohydrolases catalyze the processive hydrolysis of cellulose into cellobiose. Here, a Trichoderma virens cDNA predicted to encode for cellobiohydrolase (cbhI) was cloned and expressed heterologously in Aspergillus niger. The cbhI gene has an open reading frame of 1518 bp, encoding for a putative protein of 505 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of approximately 54 kDa. The predicted CbhI amino acid sequence has a fungal type carbohydrate binding module separated from a catalytic domain by a threonine rich linker region and showed high sequence homology with glycoside hydrolase family 7 proteins. The partially purified enzyme has an optimum pH of 4.0 with stability ranging from pH 3.0 to 6.0 and an optimum temperature of 60 °C. The partially purified CbhI has a specific activity of 4.195 Umg−1 and a low Km value of 1.88 mM when p-nitrophenyl-β-D-cellobioside (pNPC) is used as the substrate. The catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) was 5.68 × 10−4 mM−1s−1, which is comparable to the CbhI enzymes from Trichoderma viridae and Phanaerochaete chrysosporium. CbhI also showed activity towards complex substrates such as Avicel (0.011 Umg−1), which could be useful in complex biomass degradation. Interestingly, CbhI also exhibited a relatively high inhibition constant (Ki) for cellobiose with a value of 8.65 mM, making this enzyme more resistant to end-product inhibition compared to other fungal cellobiohydrolases.
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a thermotolerant endo 1 4 β mannanase from Trichoderma virens ukm1 cloning recombinant expression and characterization
Journal of Molecular Catalysis B-enzymatic, 2016Co-Authors: Sin Yee Chai, Nor Muhammad Mahadi, Farah Diba Abu Bakar, Abdul Munir Abdul MuradAbstract:Abstract A gene encoding a thermotolerant endo-1,4-β-mannanase belonging to glycosyl hydrolase family 5 (GH5) was isolated from the fungal strain Trichoderma virens UKM1 (manTV). The aim of this work was to heterologously express and characterize manTV for subsequent applications. The 1329 bp β-mannanase gene was cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris X33 yeast cells, and the recombinant mannanase (rMANTV) was expressed as a His6-tagged glycoprotein of approximately 65–70 kDa. The purified rMANTV showed a specific activity of 415.49 U mg−1 for 0.5% locust bean gum (LBG). This enzyme had a high optimum temperature, 70 °C, with stability from 20 °C to 65 °C. The rMANTV had its highest activity at pH 5, with a wide pH stability range of pH 3–9. It was relatively stable in the presence of several metal ions and chemical substances. In addition, rMANTV had Km values of 2.61 mg mL−1 and 1.49 mg mL−1 for LBG and Konjac glucomannan, respectively. Its catalytic efficiency (Kcat/Km) was 225.41 ± 20.14 mL mg−1 s−1 for LBG and 336.67 ± 27.39 mL mg−1 s−1 for Konjac glucomannan. The high temperature tolerance of this endo-1,4-β-mannanase makes it a good potential candidate for industrial applications.
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In silico analysis of β-mannanases and β-mannosidase from Aspergillus flavus and Trichoderma virens UKM1
2013Co-Authors: Chai Sin Yee, Abdul Munir Abdul Murad, Farah Diba Abu BakarAbstract:A gene encoding an endo-β-1,4-mannanase from Trichoderma virens UKM1 (manTV) and Aspergillus flavus UKM1 (manAF) was analysed with bioinformatic tools. In addition, A. flavus NRRL 3357 genome database was screened for a β-mannosidase gene and analysed (mndA-AF). These three genes were analysed to understand their gene properties. manTV and manAF both consists of 1,332-bp and 1,386-bp nucleotides encoding 443 and 461 amino acid residues, respectively. Both the endo-β-1,4-mannanases belong to the glycosyl hydrolase family 5 and contain a carbohydrate-binding module family 1 (CBM1). On the other hand, mndA-AF which is a 2,745-bp gene encodes a protein sequence of 914 amino acid residues. This β-mannosidase belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase family 2. Predicted molecular weight of manTV, manAF and mndA-AF are 47.74 kDa, 49.71 kDa and 103 kDa, respectively. All three predicted protein sequences possessed signal peptide sequence and are highly conserved among other fungal β-mannanases and β-mannosidases.
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Expression and characterization of the recombinant Trichoderma virens endochitinase Cht2
African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2010Co-Authors: Sarah A. A. Al-rashed, Osman Hassan, Farah Diba Abu Bakar, Mamot Said, Amir Rabu, Rosli Md Illias, Abdul Munir Abdul MuradAbstract:An endochitinase, Cht2, from Trichoderma virens UKM1 was expressed in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris, and its biochemical properties were characterized. Both the cht2 gene and its cDNA have been cloned and sequenced, the endochitinase gene cht2 encodes 321 amino acids from an open reading frame comprised of an 1169 bp nucleotide sequence separated by three introns. Cht2 is predicted to be an extracellular enzyme due to the presence of a signal peptide of 20 amino acids. Cht2 cDNA was cloned into the pPICZaC expression vector under the regulation of a methanol-inducing a promoter and transformed into P. pastoris X33. Expression in P. pastoris showed that the recombinant Cht2 was secreted into the culture medium with a protein size of approximately 35 kDa when induced with 0.5% methanol. Biochemical characterization of the partially purified enzyme showed a specific enzyme activity of 1.34 U/mg towards colloidal chitin at a pH of 6.0 and at a temperature of 35° C. The enzyme showed optimal activity at this pH and temperature and also showed higher affinity toward colloidal chitin in comparison to glycol chitin. It is stable in the pH range of 5.0 - 7.0 and in the temperature range of 30 - 55° C, where it retained more than 70% of its residual activity.
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Expression and characterization of Trichoderma virens UKM-1 endochitinase in Escherichia coli
World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2009Co-Authors: Nadiawati Alias, Nor Muhammad Mahadi, Abdul Munir Abdul Murad, Farah Diba Abu Bakar, Nik Azmi Nik Mahmood, Rosli Md IlliasAbstract:A gene encoding endochitinase from Trichoderma virens UKM-1 was cloned and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). Both the endochitinase gene and its cDNA sequences were obtained. The endochitinase gene encodes 430 amino acids from an open reading frame comprising of 1,690 bp nucleotide sequence with three introns. The endochitinase was expressed as soluble and active enzyme at 20°C when induced with 1 mM IPTG. Maximum activity was observed at 4 h of post-induction time. SDS-PAGE showed that the purified endochitinase exhibited a single band with molecular weight of 42 kDa. Biochemical characterization of the enzyme displayed a near neutral pH characteristic with an optimum pH at 6.0 and optimum temperature at 50°C. The enzyme is stable between pH 3.0–7.0 and is able to retain its activity from 30 to 60°C. The presence of Mg^2+ and Ca^2+ ions increased the enzyme activity up to 20%. The purified enzyme has a strong affinity towards colloidal chitin and low effect on ethyl cellulose and D-cellubiose which are non-chitin related substrates. HPLC analysis from the chitin hydrolysis showed the release of (GlcNAc)_3, (GlcNAc)_2 and GlcNAc, in which (GlcNAc)_2 was the main product.
Prasun K. Mukherjee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is involved in growth and antagonistic behaviour of Trichoderma virens
Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 2021Co-Authors: Ravindra Bansal, Gagan D. Gupta, Prasun K. MukherjeeAbstract:Abstract Translationally controlled tumour proteins (TCTPs) are omnipresent in eukaryotes and play important physiological roles. This protein is identified as an allergen in the fungi Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium herbarum, and is involved in maintaining a balance between sexual and asexual differentiation in Aspergillus nidulans. MoTCTP regulates growth and conidiation in the plant pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. We present here the functions of a TCTP orthologue (Tcp1) in the plant beneficial fungus Trichoderma virens. T. virens Tcp1 shares 42.94% and 39.88% sequence similarity with the evolutionarily distant human TCTP and maize TCTP, respectively. Based on prediction models, the secondary structure elements (α-helices and β-sheets) were found to be very well conserved barring a few insertions/deletions in the loop region. Using homologous recombination, we obtained three independent deletion mutants in this gene and a comparison of phenotypes with the wild type strain revealed that this protein has multiple functions in T. virens. Tcp1 knockout mutants showed slow radial growth and dry weight production. Δtcp1 mutants also lost the ability to overgrow the plant pathogenic fungi Sclerotium rolfsii and Rhizoctonia solani, but retained this property against the oomycete Pythium aphanidermatum reflecting selective loss of antagonistic ability. The mutants also lost the ability to colonize and kill the sclerotia of S. rolfsii.
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Deletion of the Trichoderma virens NRPS, Tex7, induces accumulation of the anti-cancer compound heptelidic acid.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2020Co-Authors: James T. Taylor, Lorraine S Puckhaber, Prasun K. Mukherjee, Benjamin A Horwitz, Karuna Dixit, Tatyana I. Igumenova, Charles P.-c. Suh, Charles M. KenerleyAbstract:Abstract The anticancer antibiotic heptelidic acid is a sesquiterpene lactone produced by the beneficial plant fungus Trichoderma virens. This species has been separated into two strains, referred to as P and Q, based on its biosynthesis of secondary metabolites; notably, only P-strains were reported to produce heptelidic acid. While characterizing a Q-strain of T. virens containing a directed mutation in the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase encoding gene Tex7, the appearance of an unknown compound in anomalously large quantities was visualized by TLC. Using a combination of HPLC, LC-MS/MS, and NMR spectroscopy, this compound was identified as heptelidic acid. This discovery alters the strain classification structure of T. virens. Additionally, the Tex7 mutants inhibited growth of maize seedlings, while retaining the ability to induce systemic resistance against the foliar fungal pathogen, Cochliobolus heterostrophus.
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A dedicated glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is involved in the biosynthesis of volatile sesquiterpenes in Trichoderma virens—evidence for the role of a fungal GAPDH in secondary metabolism
Current Genetics, 2019Co-Authors: Shikha Pachauri, Suchandra Chatterjee, Vinay Kumar, Prasun K. MukherjeeAbstract:Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) catalyses the sixth step of glycolysis, and is also known to perform other (moonlighting) activities in animal cells. We have earlier identified an additional GAPDH gene in Trichoderma virens genome. This gene is consistently associated with the vir cluster responsible for biosynthesis of a range of volatile sesquiterpenes in Trichoderma virens . This gene is also associated with an orthologous gene cluster in Aspergillus spp. Both glycolytic GAPDH and the vir cluster-associated GAPDH show more than 80% similarity with essentially conserved NAD^+ cofactor- and substrate-binding sites. However, a conserved indel is consistently present only in GAPDH associated with the vir cluster, both in T. virens and Aspergillus spp. Using gene knockout, we demonstrate here that the vir cluster-associated GAPDH is involved in biosynthesis of volatile sesquiterpenes in T. virens . We thus, for the first time, elucidate the non-glycolytic role of a GAPDH in a fungal system, and also prove for the first time that a GAPDH, a primary metabolism protein, is involved in secondary metabolism.
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a dedicated glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase is involved in the biosynthesis of volatile sesquiterpenes in Trichoderma virens evidence for the role of a fungal gapdh in secondary metabolism
Current Genetics, 2019Co-Authors: Suchandra Chatterjee, Shikha Pachauri, Vinay Kumar, Prasun K. MukherjeeAbstract:Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) catalyses the sixth step of glycolysis, and is also known to perform other (moonlighting) activities in animal cells. We have earlier identified an additional GAPDH gene in Trichoderma virens genome. This gene is consistently associated with the vir cluster responsible for biosynthesis of a range of volatile sesquiterpenes in Trichoderma virens. This gene is also associated with an orthologous gene cluster in Aspergillus spp. Both glycolytic GAPDH and the vir cluster-associated GAPDH show more than 80% similarity with essentially conserved NAD+ cofactor- and substrate-binding sites. However, a conserved indel is consistently present only in GAPDH associated with the vir cluster, both in T. virens and Aspergillus spp. Using gene knockout, we demonstrate here that the vir cluster-associated GAPDH is involved in biosynthesis of volatile sesquiterpenes in T. virens. We thus, for the first time, elucidate the non-glycolytic role of a GAPDH in a fungal system, and also prove for the first time that a GAPDH, a primary metabolism protein, is involved in secondary metabolism.
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A paralog of the proteinaceous elicitor SM1 is involved in colonization of maize roots by Trichoderma virens.
Fungal biology, 2015Co-Authors: Frankie K. Crutcher, Prasun K. Mukherjee, Maria E. Moran-diez, Benjamin A Horwitz, Shengli Ding, Jinggao Liu, Charles M. KenerleyAbstract:The biocontrol agent, Trichoderma virens, has the ability to protect plants from pathogens by eliciting plant defense responses, involvement in mycoparasitism, or secreting antagonistic secondary metabolites. SM1, an elicitor of induced systemic resistance (ISR), was found to have three paralogs within the T. virens genome. The paralog sm2 is highly expressed in the presence of plant roots. Gene deletion mutants of sm2 were generated and the mutants were found to overproduce SM1. The ability to elicit ISR in maize against Colletotrichum graminicola was not compromised for the mutants compared to that of wild type isolate. However, the deletion strains had a significantly lowered ability to colonize maize roots. This appears to be the first report on the involvement of an effector-like protein in colonization of roots by Trichoderma.
Xiuli Yin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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trichocarotins a h and trichocadinin a nine sesquiterpenes from the marine alga epiphytic fungus Trichoderma virens
Bioorganic Chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Zhenzhen Shi, Fengping Miao, Shengtao Fang, Xiuli YinAbstract:Abstract In addition to CAF-603, 14-hydroxy CAF-603 (trichocarane B), 7-β-hydroxy CAF-603, and trichocarane A, eight new carotane sesquiterpenes, trichocarotins A–H, and one new cadinane sesquiterpene, trichocadinin A, were isolated from the culture of Trichoderma virens Y13-3, obtained from the surface of a marine red alga. Their structures and relative configurations were unambiguously assigned by interpretation of 1D/2D NMR and MS data, and their absolute configurations were established by X-ray diffraction or ECD spectra aided by quantum chemical calculations. These compounds represent two rarely occurring sesquiterpene types from filamentous fungi, and six of them feature potent inhibition against some marine plankton species.
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sulfurated diketopiperazines from an algicolous isolate of Trichoderma virens
Phytochemistry Letters, 2018Co-Authors: Zhenzhen Shi, Fengping Miao, Shengtao Fang, Xiuli YinAbstract:Abstract Two new naturally occurring sulfurated diketopiperazines, dehydroxymethylbis(dethio)bis(methylthio)gliotoxin (1) and (3S,6R)-6-(para-hydroxybenzyl)-1,4-dimethyl-3,6-bis(methylthio)piperazine-2,5-dione (2), along with three known analogues (3–5) were isolated from the culture extract of Trichoderma virens Y13-3, obtained from the surface of the marine red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla. The structures and relative configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by extensive 1D/2D NMR, MS, and IR spectroscopic data, and their absolute configurations were established by analysis of ECD spectra aided by quantum chemical calculations. Compounds 1–5 were evaluated for the inhibition of some marine-derived organisms.
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Trichorenins A–C, Algicidal Tetracyclic Metabolites from the Marine-Alga-Epiphytic Fungus Trichoderma virens Y13‑3
2018Co-Authors: Zhenzhen Shi, Fengping Miao, Shengtao Fang, Xiuli YinAbstract:Three novel polyketide-like metabolites, trichorenins A–C (1–3), with a unique tetracyclic carbon skeleton were obtained from the culture of Trichoderma virens Y13-3, an epiphyte of the marine red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla. Their structures and relative configurations were established by analysis of 1D/2D NMR and MS data, and their absolute configurations were unequivocally assigned by X-ray diffraction and ECD spectra aided by quantum chemical calculations. Compounds 1–3 exhibited potent inhibition against two marine phytoplankton species, Chattonella marina and Karlodinium veneficum
