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J Zimny - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Direct embryogenesis and green plant regeneration from isolated microspores of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) cv. Bogo
Plant Cell Reports, 2004Co-Authors: S Oleszczuk, S Sowa, J ZimnyAbstract:The use of doubled haploids improves the efficiency of cultivar development in many crops and can be helpful in genetic and molecular studies. The major problem with this approach is the low efficiency of green plant regeneration. We describe here an efficient method for inducing embryos and regenerating green plants directly from isolated microspores of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) cv. Bogo. The absence of growth regulators in the induction medium was the most effective condition for the formation of embryo-like structures. The highest induction rates were observed at microspore densities of 1.5×10^5 microspores and 2×10^5 microspores per milliliter. Such cultures produced an average of 54.9 green plants per single donor spike. The frequency of albino plants ranged from 9.3% to 22.9%. Among the green progeny tested, 30.8% were spontaneously doubled haploids.
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direct embryogenesis and green plant regeneration from isolated microspores of hexaploid triticale Triticosecale wittmack cv bogo
Plant Cell Reports, 2004Co-Authors: S Oleszczuk, S Sowa, J ZimnyAbstract:The use of doubled haploids improves the efficiency of cultivar development in many crops and can be helpful in genetic and molecular studies. The major problem with this approach is the low efficiency of green plant regeneration. We describe here an efficient method for inducing embryos and regenerating green plants directly from isolated microspores of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) cv. Bogo. The absence of growth regulators in the induction medium was the most effective condition for the formation of embryo-like structures. The highest induction rates were observed at microspore densities of 1.5×105 microspores and 2×105 microspores per milliliter. Such cultures produced an average of 54.9 green plants per single donor spike. The frequency of albino plants ranged from 9.3% to 22.9%. Among the green progeny tested, 30.8% were spontaneously doubled haploids.
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fertile transgenictriticale Triticosecale wittmack
Molecular Breeding, 1995Co-Authors: J Zimny, Dirk Becker, Reinhold Brettschneider, Horst LorzAbstract:Fertile transgenicTriticale ( ×Triticosecale Wittmack) plants expressing theβ-glucuronidase (uidA) and phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (bar) genes were obtained after microprojectile bombardment of scutellar tissue with the plasmid pDB1 containing theuidA gene under the control of the actin-1 promoter (Act1) from rice and the selectable marker genebar under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter. From 465 bombarded scutella about 4000 plantlets were regenerated; 300 plants survived the selection. These regenerants were screened for enzyme activity by the histological GUS assay and by spraying the plants with a herbicide (Basta). Twenty-five regenerants showed GUS activity and survived repeated Basta spraying. Southern blot analysis showed the presence of both marker genes introduced into the genome of analysed plants.
S Oleszczuk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Direct embryogenesis and green plant regeneration from isolated microspores of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) cv. Bogo
Plant Cell Reports, 2004Co-Authors: S Oleszczuk, S Sowa, J ZimnyAbstract:The use of doubled haploids improves the efficiency of cultivar development in many crops and can be helpful in genetic and molecular studies. The major problem with this approach is the low efficiency of green plant regeneration. We describe here an efficient method for inducing embryos and regenerating green plants directly from isolated microspores of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) cv. Bogo. The absence of growth regulators in the induction medium was the most effective condition for the formation of embryo-like structures. The highest induction rates were observed at microspore densities of 1.5×10^5 microspores and 2×10^5 microspores per milliliter. Such cultures produced an average of 54.9 green plants per single donor spike. The frequency of albino plants ranged from 9.3% to 22.9%. Among the green progeny tested, 30.8% were spontaneously doubled haploids.
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direct embryogenesis and green plant regeneration from isolated microspores of hexaploid triticale Triticosecale wittmack cv bogo
Plant Cell Reports, 2004Co-Authors: S Oleszczuk, S Sowa, J ZimnyAbstract:The use of doubled haploids improves the efficiency of cultivar development in many crops and can be helpful in genetic and molecular studies. The major problem with this approach is the low efficiency of green plant regeneration. We describe here an efficient method for inducing embryos and regenerating green plants directly from isolated microspores of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) cv. Bogo. The absence of growth regulators in the induction medium was the most effective condition for the formation of embryo-like structures. The highest induction rates were observed at microspore densities of 1.5×105 microspores and 2×105 microspores per milliliter. Such cultures produced an average of 54.9 green plants per single donor spike. The frequency of albino plants ranged from 9.3% to 22.9%. Among the green progeny tested, 30.8% were spontaneously doubled haploids.
S Sowa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Direct embryogenesis and green plant regeneration from isolated microspores of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) cv. Bogo
Plant Cell Reports, 2004Co-Authors: S Oleszczuk, S Sowa, J ZimnyAbstract:The use of doubled haploids improves the efficiency of cultivar development in many crops and can be helpful in genetic and molecular studies. The major problem with this approach is the low efficiency of green plant regeneration. We describe here an efficient method for inducing embryos and regenerating green plants directly from isolated microspores of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) cv. Bogo. The absence of growth regulators in the induction medium was the most effective condition for the formation of embryo-like structures. The highest induction rates were observed at microspore densities of 1.5×10^5 microspores and 2×10^5 microspores per milliliter. Such cultures produced an average of 54.9 green plants per single donor spike. The frequency of albino plants ranged from 9.3% to 22.9%. Among the green progeny tested, 30.8% were spontaneously doubled haploids.
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direct embryogenesis and green plant regeneration from isolated microspores of hexaploid triticale Triticosecale wittmack cv bogo
Plant Cell Reports, 2004Co-Authors: S Oleszczuk, S Sowa, J ZimnyAbstract:The use of doubled haploids improves the efficiency of cultivar development in many crops and can be helpful in genetic and molecular studies. The major problem with this approach is the low efficiency of green plant regeneration. We describe here an efficient method for inducing embryos and regenerating green plants directly from isolated microspores of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) cv. Bogo. The absence of growth regulators in the induction medium was the most effective condition for the formation of embryo-like structures. The highest induction rates were observed at microspore densities of 1.5×105 microspores and 2×105 microspores per milliliter. Such cultures produced an average of 54.9 green plants per single donor spike. The frequency of albino plants ranged from 9.3% to 22.9%. Among the green progeny tested, 30.8% were spontaneously doubled haploids.
Maria Wedzony - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cold hardening of winter triticale x Triticosecale wittm results in increased resistance to pink snow mould microdochium nivale fr samuels hallett and genotype dependent chlorophyll fluorescence modulations
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2009Co-Authors: Maria Wedzony, Gabriela GolebiowskaAbstract:The resistance of triticale (x Triticosecale Wittm.) to infection of snow mould Microdochium nivale (Fr., Samuels & Hallett) was examined under different temperature pre-treatment regimes. The results of laboratory “cold chamber” resistance tests correlated with the breeders’ report from field experiments. Studied genotypes differed substantially in their resistance to infection. Two cultivars: ‘Magnat’ (susceptible) and ‘Hewo’ (relatively resistant) were further studied as a plant model to test the role of pre-hardening and cold-hardening induction of resistance expression. Both model cultivars were susceptible to M. nivale infection without cold pre-treatment and gained genotype-depended level of resistance after 4 weeks treatment at 4°C, moreover the resistance grew gradually. Simultaneously to the resistance tests, the measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were taken. The results showed that higher vitality index Rfd of cold-hardened triticale seedlings correlated with increased pink snow mould resistance while differences in other parameters of fluorescence were not distinctly significant. Establishment of Rfd in 4 weeks hardened triticale seedlings could be used for a large scale screening of breeding material in order to select potentially resistant genotypes. Such analyses have not been reported for triticale before.
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stress induced changes important for effective androgenic induction in isolated microspore culture of triticale Triticosecale wittm
Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2008Co-Authors: Iwona żur, Maria Wedzony, Ewa Dubas, E Golemiec, Magdalena Szechynskahebda, F JanowiakAbstract:The accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and the activities of antioxidative enzymes along with cell metabolic activity were monitored during androgenesis induction in triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm.). Tested cultivars ‘Mieszko’ and ‘Wanad’ were selected due to their significantly different responses to androgenic induction. Significant variation was observed in respect of superoxide dismutase activity and endogenous ABA content in anthers isolated from freshly cut tillers. For both cultivars, tillers pretreatment with low temperature decreased peroxidase activity by 36%, highly accelerated respiration rate and reduced heat production. At the same time, the level of ABA in ‘Mieszko’ was increased to the level measured in ‘Wanad’. This effect was associated with higher microspore culture viability and increased stress tolerance in ‘Mieszko’. Low temperature and metabolic starvation during 4-day anther preculture did not influence activities of antioxidative enzymes, while it resulted in slight decrease in respiration rate and heat emission. The importance of these changes for effective androgenesis induction is discussed.
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protocol for anther culture in hexaploid triticale x Triticosecale wittm
2003Co-Authors: Maria WedzonyAbstract:Various aspects of triticale anther culture have been widely studied. Two recent positions drew the attention of the author since they show interesting alternative protocols (Immonen and Robinson, 2000; Arzani and Darvey, 2001) Immonen and Robinson (2000) used modified W14 medium (Ouyang et al., 1989) and tested various pretreatments. It appeared that two weeks of cooling at 4° C followed by three days at 32°C at the beginning of the induction phase (heat shock) raised green plant regeneration in comparison to cooling alone. Arzani and Darvey (2001) used hydroponics system to reverse sterile haploid plants back to the vegetative stage and to efficiently double their chromosome numbers to obtain DH lines. This option maximizes the efficiency of this method. The method of triticale anther culture described here is based on C17 induction medium (Wang and Chen, 1983) and 190–2 regeneration medium (Zhuang and Xu, 1983). Modifications and technical details have been elaborated in the Department of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences in Krakow, Poland by the author and I. Marcinska. In our laboratory, several other media were tested with the same plant material and showed neither better nor more reliable results. Some initial results of a collaborative work were published (Marciniak et al., 1998; Ponitka et al., 1999).
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protocol for doubled haploid production in hexaploid triticale x Triticosecale wittm by crosses with maize
2003Co-Authors: Maria WedzonyAbstract:The method of triticale doubled haploid (DH) production by crosses with maize, as described here, was successfully used to obtain DH lines of winter and spring hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42) triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm.). The method is based on the protocols described for hexaploid wheat (Suenaga, 1994; Matzk and Mahn, 1994). Modifications and technical details have been elaborated in the Department of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences in Krakow, Poland by the author and I. Marcinska (Wedzony et al.,1998a; Wedzony et al., 1998b). We have been working with this protocol since 1994, and its efficiency was compared with anther culture of triticale (Wedzony et al., 2000). The comparison shows that the effectiveness of both methods is related to the frequency of embryo induction. However, with maize crosses we were able to obtain doubled haploid triticale lines in materials recalcitrant to androgenic induction and in genotypes yielding exclusively albino plants in anther culture system. We have not found in the scientific literature any other successful protocols that use crosses with maize to produce doubled haploids in triticale. Methods to obtain DH triticale lines using anther or isolated microspore culture can be found in the other chapters of this Manual.
Johann F Gorgens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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steam explosion pretreatment of triticale Triticosecale wittmack straw for sugar production
New Biotechnology, 2016Co-Authors: Roberto Agudelo, Maria P Garciaaparicio, Johann F GorgensAbstract:Triticale, a non-food based, low-cost and well-adapted crop in marginal lands has been considered as a potential 1G and 2G feedstock for bio-ethanol production. In this work, triticale straw was evaluated as a source of fermentable sugars by combination of uncatalyzed steam explosion and enzymatic hydrolysis. Pretreatment conditions with severities from 3.05 to 4.12 were compared in order to identify conditions that favour the recovery of hemicellulose-derived sugars, cellulose digestibility or the combined sugars yield (CSY) from the pretreatment-enzymatic hydrolysis. Xylose oligosaccharide was the major sugar in hydrolysates from all pretreatment conditions. Maximum hemicellulose-sugars recovery (52% of the feedstock content) was obtained at 200°C and 5 min. The highest cellulose digestibility (95%) was found at 200°C – 15 min, although glucose recovery from hydrolysis was maximised at 200°C – 10 min (digestibility >92%) due to higher mass yield of pretreated solids. The maximum CSY (nearly 77% of theoretical content) was obtained at 200°C – 5 min. Sugar loss after pretreatment was observed to higher extent at harsher severities. However, the concentrations of sugar degradation products and acetic acid were at levels below tolerance limits of the downstream biological conversions. Steam explosion pretreatment without acid impregnation is a good technology for production of fermentable sugars from triticale straw. This work provides foundation for future autohydrolysis steam explosion optimization studies to enhanced sugars recovery and digestibility of triticale straw.
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Steam explosion pretreatment of triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) straw for sugar production.
New Biotechnology, 2015Co-Authors: Roberto Agudelo, María P. García-aparicio, Johann F GorgensAbstract:Triticale, a non-food based, low-cost and well-adapted crop in marginal lands has been considered as a potential 1G and 2G feedstock for bio-ethanol production. In this work, triticale straw was evaluated as a source of fermentable sugars by combination of uncatalyzed steam explosion and enzymatic hydrolysis. Pretreatment conditions with severities from 3.05 to 4.12 were compared in order to identify conditions that favour the recovery of hemicellulose-derived sugars, cellulose digestibility or the combined sugars yield (CSY) from the pretreatment-enzymatic hydrolysis. Xylose oligosaccharide was the major sugar in hydrolysates from all pretreatment conditions. Maximum hemicellulose-sugars recovery (52% of the feedstock content) was obtained at 200°C and 5 min. The highest cellulose digestibility (95%) was found at 200°C – 15 min, although glucose recovery from hydrolysis was maximised at 200°C – 10 min (digestibility >92%) due to higher mass yield of pretreated solids. The maximum CSY (nearly 77% of theoretical content) was obtained at 200°C – 5 min. Sugar loss after pretreatment was observed to higher extent at harsher severities. However, the concentrations of sugar degradation products and acetic acid were at levels below tolerance limits of the downstream biological conversions. Steam explosion pretreatment without acid impregnation is a good technology for production of fermentable sugars from triticale straw. This work provides foundation for future autohydrolysis steam explosion optimization studies to enhanced sugars recovery and digestibility of triticale straw.
