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Ch N Kaushik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of applied load and grit size on Wear coefficients of al 6082 sic gr hybrid composites under two body abrasion
Tribology International, 2016Co-Authors: Ch N KaushikAbstract:Abstract The effect of applied load and grit size on two body Abrasive Wear coefficients of Al 6082–5%SiC–5%Gr hybrid composites was evaluated under pin on disc equipment at 5–15 N load, 100–200 µm grit size and 75 m sliding distance. At lower load and higher grit size, the Wear coefficient decreases from 0.771×10 −3 to 0.547×10 −3 in cast condition; 0.73×10 −3 to 0.642×10 −3 in T6 condition when compared alloy to hybrid composite respectively. But at higher load and grit size, the Wear coefficient marginally decreased from 0.48×10 −3 to 0.46×10 −3 in cast condition; 0.497×10 −3 to 0.42×10 −3 in T6 condition respectively. The Wear coefficients decreased and increased with increase in load and grit size respectively. The investigation on worn surfaces was done to understand Wear mechanism.
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effect of grit size on two body Abrasive Wear of al 6082 hybrid composites produced by stir casting method
Tribology International, 2016Co-Authors: Ch N KaushikAbstract:Abstract In the present work, the two body Abrasive Wear behavior of stir cast Al 6082–SiC–Gr hybrid composites was studied and compared with Al 6082–SiC composites and Al 6082 alloy. The experiments were carried at 5–15 N applied load, 100–200 µm grit size and 75 m sliding distance using pin-on-disc equipment. Worn surfaces of tested samples and grit papers were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The Wear resistance properties of Al–SiC–Gr hybrid composites was better than alloy and Al–SiC composites. At 15 N applied load and 200 µm grit size, 16.4% and 27% Wear improvement of Al–SiC–Gr composite was observed in cast and T6 heat treated condition respectively whereas 19.6% and 26.9% Wear improvement was observed when tested on 100 µm grit size.
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the effect of Wear parameters and heat treatment on two body Abrasive Wear of al sic gr hybrid composites
Tribology International, 2016Co-Authors: Ch N KaushikAbstract:Abstract The two body Abrasive Wear behavior of stir cast Al 6082–SiC–Gr (Al–SiC–Gr) hybrid composites was investigated and compared with its matrix alloy and SiC reinforced composites. The experiments were done on pin-on-disc equipment at test conditions of 5–15 N load, 50–75 m sliding distance and 200 µm grit size. The Wear results indicate that the hybrid composites yielded better Wear resistance compared to matrix alloy and SiC reinforced composites. At higher load and sliding distance, Wear improvement of Al–SiC–Gr composites was 16.4% and 27% in as cast and T6 heat treated condition respectively. The worn surface analysis of tested samples and grit papers was done by using scanning electron microscope (SEM).
S C Tjong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tribological behaviour of sic particle reinforced copper matrix composites
Materials Letters, 2000Co-Authors: S C TjongAbstract:Abstract Pure copper and its composites reinforced with SiC particles were prepared by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) process. The tribological behaviour of copper and composites was studied on a pin-on-disc tester. The pins were slid against a hardened steel disc under dry ambient conditions. In Two-Body Abrasive Wear measurements, the disc surface was bonded with a SiC Abrasive paper of 240 grit size. The Abrasive Wear measurements showed that soft copper exhibits an extremely high Wear loss. However, additions of SiC particles up to 20 vol.% appeared to improve the Abrasive Wear resistance of copper significantly under the applied loads of 15–55 N. Dry sliding Wear tests also indicated that the composite with 20 vol.% SiC exhibits a lower Wear loss compared to pure copper. This was due to the reinforcing SiC particles being effective to reduce the extent of Wear deformation in the subsurface region during sliding.
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Abrasive Wear behavior of tib2 particle reinforced copper matrix composites
Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 2000Co-Authors: S C TjongAbstract:Abstract Pure copper and its composites reinforced with TiB 2 particles were prepared by a hot isostatic pressing process. The Two-Body Abrasive Wear behavior of these specimens was investigated using pin-on-disk method where the sample slid against a SiC Abrasive of 240-grit size. Pure copper exhibits a high Abrasive Wear loss because of its softness. The addition of only 5 vol.% TiB 2 particle to copper leads to a dramatic improvement in its Wear resistance. The Wear resistance increases by further increasing volume fraction of reinforcing particles that resist the microcutting action of SiC Abrasives.
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properties and Abrasive Wear of tib2 al 4 cu composites produced by hot isostatic pressing
Composites Science and Technology, 1999Co-Authors: S C TjongAbstract:Abstract Al-4 wt%Cu alloy and composites reinforced with 5, 10, 15 and 20 vol% TiB2 particles were prepared by hot isostatic pressing. The density, mechanical properties and Abrasive Wear behavior of these specimens were evaluated. Density measurement revealed that the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) process had resulted in fully densified unreinforced alloy, and composites containing TiB2 particles up to 15%. Increasing the reinforcement particle content to 20% led to a slight reduction in the density of composites due to higher porosity. Tensile and hardness tests showed that the yield strength and hardness tend to increase with increasing TiB2 volume content. Finally, Two-Body Abrasive Wear tests showed that the Wear resistance of composites increases dramatically with increasing the reinforcement volume content. This was due to a strong particle-matrix bonding, and to the high hardness of the TiB2 particles.
Gwidon Stachowiak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterisation of surface abrasivity and its relation to two body Abrasive Wear
Wear, 1997Co-Authors: M.g. Hamblin, Gwidon StachowiakAbstract:Abstract In this paper a new method for numerical characterisation of the abrasivity of surfaces and relating this to Two-Body Abrasive Wear is described. In a previous work particle angularity was characterised by a newly developed numerical parameter, the quadratic spike parameter (SPQ-particles), which approximates the major protrusions of a particle by fitting quadratic functions to sections of a particle boundary. In the present work this concept is extended to the characterisation of surface profiles and a new method for characterisation of the abrasivity of surfaces is described. Initially the method developed has been used to characterise artificial model surfaces. Steel disks with a special set of profile inserts, simulating model asperities, were manufactured and their abrasivity characterised by the new method. The disks were then used in Abrasive Wear experiments on a pin-on-disk test rig in order to correlate the surface parameter developed with the Abrasive Wear rates. The profile inserts had been manufactured with known geometry that could accurately be measured by a Talysurf. Wear experiments were then conducted with chalk to make sure that the Wear was only occurring in the counter sample. An excellent correlation was obtained between the Wear rates and the surface abrasivity parameter, the quadratic spike parameter (SPQ-profiles) calculated from the surface profiles. In the second part of the experiments seven different types of typical mineral Abrasives were used. Two-Body Abrasive Wear experiments were conducted on specially made disks utilising these Abrasives for Wear surfaces. Good correlation between SPQ-profiles and Wear rates was obtained for less angular grits. However, for more angular grits, such as quartz and crushed sintered alumina, this correlation was weaker due to inadequate representation of surface profile by a Talysurf, i.e. the Talysurf tip could not follow the surface exactly, leading to lower values of SPQ-profiles. The fractal dimension and R a (centre line average) values from all profiles were also calculated and neither correlated well with Wear rates.
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a multi scale measure of particle abrasivity and its relation to two body Abrasive Wear
Wear, 1995Co-Authors: M.g. Hamblin, Gwidon StachowiakAbstract:Abstract An attempt to characterise the abrasivity of a particle's geometry using a numerical descriptor, the ‘spike parameter’, is described in this paper. The ‘spike parameter’ is a measure of a particle's abrasivity and is based on representing the projected particle boundary by triangles at many scales. The calculation of the parameter involves measuring the perpendicular height and sharpness (apex angle) of all positive (i.e. convex) triangles in the particle boundary at different scales. This produces a multi-scale measure of particle ‘spikiness’. In this work seven different mineral Abrasives were used in Two-Body Abrasive Wear experiments. Special Abrasive disks were constructed from each of the Abrasive types and used in the tests. Initially aluminium and brass were used as counter sample materials. Later chalk was used as the counter sample in order to provide ‘pure’ Abrasive Wear, without grit damage or adhesion of Wear debris to the surface of the Abrasive disk. For each of the Abrasives the ‘spike parameter’ was calculated. An excellent correlation between Wear rates and the newly developed ‘spike parameter’ was found.
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a multi scale measure of particle abrasivity
Wear, 1995Co-Authors: M.g. Hamblin, Gwidon StachowiakAbstract:Abstract In the work presented a new technique of characterising particle abrasivity based on the representation of the particle boundary by triangles at different scales has been developed. Initially, a number of artificial particle boundaries were constructed and analysed showing good correlation with their ‘intuitive’ Abrasiveness. Later the abrasivity of four types of typical mineral Abrasives was characterised and correlated with two body Abrasive Wear rates. The abrasivity of both artificial and real particles was characterised by the boundary fractal dimension (via the Richardson's plot), aspect ratio, reciprocated shape factor and by the newly developed ‘spike parameter’. It was found that the reciprocated shape factor and the newly developed spike parameter correlated well with two body Wear rates. It was also found that the Wear rates obtained in both two and three body tests could be closely related if the three body Wear rates were normalised with respect to Abrasive particle density.
Braham Prakash - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Abrasive Wear behaviour of hardened high strength boron steel
Tribology - Materials Surfaces & Interfaces, 2014Co-Authors: Jens Hardell, Amine Yousfi, Martin Lund, Leonardo Pelcastre, Braham PrakashAbstract:Abrasive Wear in industrial applications such as mining, materials handling and agricultural machinery constitutes a large part of the total Wear. Hardened high strength boron steels are known for their good Wear resistance and mechanical properties, but available results in the open literature are scarce. This work aims at investigating how different quenching techniques affect the Two-Body Abrasive Wear resistance of hardened high strength boron steels. Furthermore, the Wear as a function of depth in thicker hardened high strength boron steel plates has also been studied. The material characterisation has been carried out using microhardness, SEM/energy dispersive spectroscopy and three-dimensional optical surface profilometry. The results have shown that water quenched and tool quenched high strength boron steel had similar Wear resistance. The main Wear mechanisms appear to be microcutting combined with microfatigue. Workhardening during the abrasion process has been found to affect the Abrasive Wear.
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Abrasive Wear behaviour of hardened high strength boron steel
Tribology - Materials Surfaces & Interfaces, 2014Co-Authors: Jens Hardell, Amine Yousfi, Martin Lund, Leonardo Pelcastre, Braham PrakashAbstract:AbstractAbrasive Wear in industrial applications such as mining, materials handling and agricultural machinery constitutes a large part of the total Wear. Hardened high strength boron steels are known for their good Wear resistance and mechanical properties, but available results in the open literature are scarce. This work aims at investigating how different quenching techniques affect the Two-Body Abrasive Wear resistance of hardened high strength boron steels. Furthermore, the Wear as a function of depth in thicker hardened high strength boron steel plates has also been studied. The material characterisation has been carried out using microhardness, SEM/energy dispersive spectroscopy and three-dimensional optical surface profilometry. The results have shown that water quenched and tool quenched high strength boron steel had similar Wear resistance. The main Wear mechanisms appear to be microcutting combined with microfatigue. Workhardening during the abrasion process has been found to affect the abrasi...
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Abrasive Wear behaviour of fe co and ni based metallic glasses
Wear, 2005Co-Authors: Braham PrakashAbstract:Metallic glasses are a different category of materials that are characterized by their amorphous structure and metallic bonds. Owing to their disordered structure, metallic glasses possess several unique properties that make them attractive for tribological applications. This paper deals with an in depth investigation into the Two-Body Abrasive Wear behaviour of several compositions of Fe, Co and Ni based metallic glasses while rubbing against metallographic grade SiC Abrasive papers. Identical studies have also been carried out on crystalline cold-rolled AISI 304 stainless steel for comparison. Two-Body Abrasive Wear results indicate that Wear characteristics of different metallic glasses are marginally superior or similar to that of stainless steel. The Wear in Ni based metallic glass MBF 35 is significantly higher than that in stainless steel. This is inspite of the fact that metallic glasses are considerably harder than stainless steel. Scratch indentation and acoustic emission studies (AE) were carried out with a view to understanding the mechanisms of occurrence of Two-Body Abrasive Wear in metallic glasses. Scratched surfaces of metallic glasses indicated the presence of arc-like features that in some cases extend well beyond the scratched groove edges. In the case of Ni based metallic glass MBF 35, cracking on the surface was clearly visible. In stainless steel, the grooves formed were neatly cut out and were free from the arc-like features. During scratch tests on metallic glasses, AE signals were obtained but no AE signals were generated during scratch tests on steel. Presence of arc-like features on scratched surfaces in metallic glasses are tensile micro-cracks formed due to brittle fracture owing to their poor ductility in tension. These results revealed that the Abrasive Wear of metallic glasses is not commensurate to their high hardness and occurrence of micro-cracking results in their poor Abrasive Wear resistance.
Jiandong Xing - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of chromium induced fe cr 3c toughness improvement on the two body Abrasive Wear behaviors of white cast iron
Wear, 2020Co-Authors: Baochao Zheng, Jiandong Xing, Yongxin JianAbstract:Abstract An as-cast chromium white cast iron alloy with chromium (Cr) content of 0 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, and 4 wt% was prepared via metallurgical smelting and casting processes. The effects of Cr content on the toughness, hardness, and microstructure of (Fe, Cr)3C carbides was evaluated. The results revealed that the microstructure of the as-cast alloys is mainly composed of bulk carbide and the pearlite matrix. The carbide in the alloy without added Cr, i.e., eutectic Fe3C, was characterized by a continuous network structure. With the addition of Cr atoms, the Fe3C-type carbide was transformed into (Fe, Cr)3C, leading to a gradual increase in the fracture toughness of the carbide. This may have resulted from the incorporation of Cr into Fe3C and the consequent crystal-structure transformation of the carbide. When the Cr content of the carbide was lower than the saturation level (
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investigation on Abrasive Wear behavior of fe b alloys containing various molybdenum contents
Tribology International, 2019Co-Authors: Yanliang Yi, Hanguang Fu, Jiandong Xing, Qiang Li, Dawei YiAbstract:Abstract Two-Body Abrasive Wear behavior and mechanism of Fe B alloys with different Mo contents have been systematically investigated. The results show that the Mo addition can promote the formation of Mo-rich and Cr-rich M2B in Fe B alloys, and the Mo-rich and Cr-rich M2B possess the higher H (hardness) and δA (plasticity factor) compared to the Fe-rich M2B. Meanwhile, with the increase of Mo content, the VMo+Cr/VFe increases slightly firstly and then increases rapidly (Where the VMo, VCr and VFe represents the volume fractions of Mo-rich, Cr-rich and Fe-rich M2B, respectively, and the VMo+Cr shows the volume fractions of VMo and VCr). The Wear results reveal that the Wear rate decreases greatly with the increasing VMo+Cr/VFe, especially when the VMo+Cr/VFe B alloys effectively.
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Effect of Fe2B boride orientation on abrasion Wear resistance of Fe-B cast alloy
Foundry Journal Agency, 2017Co-Authors: Jiandong XingAbstract:The microstructures and abrasion Wear resistance of directional solidification Fe-B alloy have been investigated using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and laser scanning microscopy. The results show that the microstructure of as-cast Fe-B alloy consists of ferrite, pearlite and eutectic boride. After heat treatment, the microstructure is composed of boride and martensite. The plane which is perpendicular to the boride growth direction possesses the highest hardness. In Two-Body Abrasive Wear tests, the silicon carbide Abrasive can cut the boride and martensite matrix synchronously, and the Wear mechanism is micro cutting mechanism. The worn surface roughness and the Wear weight loss both increase with the increasing contact load. Moreover, when the boride growth direction is perpendicular to the worn surface, the highest hardness plane of the boride can effectively oppose abrasion, and the martensite matrix can surround and support borides perfectly
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investigation on two body Abrasive Wear behavior and mechanism of fe 3 0 wt b cast alloy with different chromium content
Wear, 2016Co-Authors: Yongxin Jian, Baochao Zheng, Zhifu Huang, Jiandong Xing, Xiaoting Liu, Liang Sun, Yong WangAbstract:Abstract Effect of chromium content on Two-Body Wear behavior of Fe–3.0 wt% B cast alloy was investigated. The Wear mechanism with different Abrasive, associating with Fe 2 B toughness, was discussed in the present study. The results indicate, solidification microstructures of the alloy are composed of ferrite, pearlite and eutectic boride, and the heat treated microstructures comprise of martensite and eutectic boride. With chromium content increasing, chromium concentration in boride is 3.82 times higher than that in matrix; microhardness of boride and hardness of the alloy change little, while toughness of boride increases first and then decreases. During Two-Body Wear test, Wear weight losses with SiC Abrasive are generally higher than those with SiO 2 Abrasive. With Cr content increasing in the alloy, on condition of SiO 2 Abrasive, the Wear resistance increases first and then decreases, possessing the same trend as the toughness of boride; with SiC Abrasive, Wear resistance changes in a way similar to that with SiO 2 Abrasive, except that Wear resistance under contact load of 55N increases sharply and then keeps nearly constant. Wear results show that toughness of boride is the main factor to influence Wear resistance of Fe–3.0 wt% B cast alloy.
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effect of improving fe2b toughness by chromium addition on the two body Abrasive Wear behavior of fe 3 0 wt b cast alloy
Tribology International, 2016Co-Authors: Yongxin Jian, Jiandong Xing, Zhifu Huang, Baochao ZhengAbstract:Abstract Effects of chromium addition on microstructure, Two-Body Abrasive Wear behavior of Fe–B cast alloy and fracture toughness of boride were investigated. The results indicate the solidification microstructure of Fe–3.0 wt% B alloy consists of ferrite, pearlite and eutectic boride. After quenching, the alloy microstructure is composed of martensite and boride. With Cr addition increasing, microhardness of matrix and boride has tiny fluctuation; fracture toughness of M 2 B increases first reaching the maximum (4.704 MPa m 1/2 ) at 2.0 wt% and then decreases; Two-Body Wear resistance increases first and then decreases under contact loads of 15 N, 35 N and 55 N, possessing similar variation trend with fracture toughness of M 2 B. This indicates the toughness of M 2 B has directly positive influence on Wear resistance of Fe–3.0 wt% B cast alloy.
