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Bambang Siswo Susilo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa sifat fisik tanah Ultisols dan entisols pada pertanaman kedelai glycine max l merril
    Jurnal Pembangunan Pedesaan, 2012
    Co-Authors: Bondansari Bondansari, Bambang Siswo Susilo
    Abstract:

    Pemanfaatan Ultisols dan Entisols untuk peningkatan produksi kedelai perlu dilakukan perbaikan kualitas tanah, diantaranya dengan penambahan zeolit dan pupuk kandang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap sifat fisik Entisols dan Ultisols, pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai. Penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan pot di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Perlakuan terdiri dari tiga faktor (tanah, zeolit dan pupuk kandang), yaitu 2 jenis tanah (Ultisols dan Entisols), 3 taraf dosis zeolit (0 ton/ha, 2 ton/ha, dan 4 ton/ha), dan 3 taraf dosis pupuk kandang sapi (0 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha, dan 30 ton/ha). Percobaan dirancang dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK), ulangan 3 kali dan diperoleh 54 unit percobaan. Variabel yang diamati meliputi sifat fisik tanah, pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) peningkatan dosis zeolit sampai 4 ton/ha dan pupuk kandang sampai 30 ton/ha tidak berpengaruh terhadap berat jenis isi (BJI), berat jenis partikel (BJP), porositas tanah Ultisols maupun tanah Entisols, batas lekat (BL), batas gulung (BG), dan batas berubah warna (BBW), akan tetapi peningkatan dosis zeolit mampu meningkatkan nilai batas cair (BC) dan peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang mampu menurunkan indeks plastisitas (IP), dan 2) zeolit secara mandiri tidak berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai, sedangkan peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang mampu meningkatkan bobot basah polong, bobot kering polong dan jumlah polong kedelai.

  • pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa sifat fisik tanah Ultisols dan entisols pada pertanaman kedelai glycine max l merril
    Jurnal Agronomika, 2011
    Co-Authors: Bondansari Bondansari, Bambang Siswo Susilo
    Abstract:

    Pemanfaatan tanah Ultisols dan tanah Entisols untuk peningkatan produksi kedelai perlu dilakukan perbaikan kualitas tanah, diantaranya dengan penambahan zeolid dan pupuk kandang. Pemanfaatan zeolit dan pupuk kandang diharapkan mampu sebagai bahan amelioran tanah sehingga produksi tanaman kedelai bias ditingkatkan. Terkait dengan hal tersebut telah dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk : 1) mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa sifat fisik tanah Entisols dan Ultisols dan 2) mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai pada tanah Entisols dan Ultisols. Penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan pot di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Perlakuan terdiri dari tiga faktor, yaitu jenis tanah, zeolit dan pupuk kandang, masing-masing 2 (dua) jenis tanah (T1: Ultisols dan T2: Entisols), 3 (tiga) taraf dosis zeolit (Z0: 0 ton/ha, Z1: 2 ton/ha, dan Z2: 4 ton/ha), dan 3 (tiga) taraf dosis pupuk kandang sapi (P0: 0 ton/ha, P1: 20 ton/ha, dan P2: 30 ton/ha). Percobaan dirancang dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK), masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang tiga kali dan diperoleh 54 unit percobaan. Variabel yang diamati meliputi variabel sifat fisik tanah, variabel pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) peningkatan zeolit sampai 4 ton/ha dan pupuk kandang sampai 30 ton/ha tidak berpengaruh terhadap berat jenis isi (BJI), berat jenis partikel (BJP) dan porositas tanah Ultisols maupun tanah Entisols, 2) nilai batas cair (BC) dipengaruh oleh dosis zeolit dan dosis pupuk kandang dan jenis tanahnya, batas lekat (BL) dan batas berubah warna (BBW) ditentukan oleh jenis tanah, sedangkan batas gulung (BG) dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara jenis tanah dan dosis zeolit, 3) dosis zeolit dan dosis pupuk kandang tidak mempengaruhi nilai persediaan air maksimum (PAM) maupun jangka olah (JO) tanah Ultisols maupun tanah Entisols, dan nilai indek plastisitas (IP) selain dipengaruhi secara mandiri oleh jenis tanah juga dipengaruhi oleh dosis pupuk kandang, dan 4) peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang mampu meningkatkan bobot basah polong, bobot kering polong dan jumlah polong kedelai. Kata kunci: zeolit, pupuk kandang, Ultisols, entisols, kedelai ABSTRACT Use of land for Ultisols and Entisols soil increased soybean production is necessary to improve soil quality, such as by adding zeolid and manure. Utilization of zeolites and manure as an ingredient amelioran expected to land so that the production of soybean crops improved bias. Related to this has done research with the aim to: 1) determine the effect of zeolite and manure on some soil physical properties of Entisols and Ultisols and 2) determine the effect of zeolite and manure on the growth and production of soybean crops in the Entisols and Ultisols. The study was conducted with a pot experiment in field trials UnSoed Faculty of Agriculture. The treatment consists of three factors, namely the type of soil, zeolite and manure, each 2 (two) types of soil (T1: Ultisols and T2: Entisols), 3 (three) standard doses of zeolite (Z0: 0 tons / ha, Z1 : 2 tons / ha, and Z2: 4 tons / ha), and 3 (three) standard doses of cow manure (P0: 0 tons / ha, P1: 20 tons / ha, and P2: 30 tons / ha). The experiment was designed using a randomized block design (RBD), each treatment combination was repeated three times and obtained 54 experimental units. Variables observed include variable physical properties of soil, crop growth and production variables. The results show that: 1) an increase in the zeolite to 4 tons / ha and manure up to 30 tons / ha had no effect on bulk density, particle density and the porosity of the Ultisols and Entisols, 2) the limit value liquid influences include dose of zeolite and manure and soil type, the boundary attached  and boundary change color is determined by the type of soil, whereas the limit of rolls is influenced by the interaction between soil type and dose of zeolite, 3 ) zeolite dose and dose of manure did not affect the value of the maximum water supply and term tillage Ultisols soil and Entisols soil, and the plasticity index in addition to independently influenced by the type of soil is also influenced by the dose of manure, and 4) increasing doses of manure can improve the wet weight of pods, dry weight of pods and pods of soybean. Key words: zeolid, manure, Ultisols, entisols,  soybean

Bondansari Bondansari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa sifat fisik tanah Ultisols dan entisols pada pertanaman kedelai glycine max l merril
    Jurnal Pembangunan Pedesaan, 2012
    Co-Authors: Bondansari Bondansari, Bambang Siswo Susilo
    Abstract:

    Pemanfaatan Ultisols dan Entisols untuk peningkatan produksi kedelai perlu dilakukan perbaikan kualitas tanah, diantaranya dengan penambahan zeolit dan pupuk kandang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap sifat fisik Entisols dan Ultisols, pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai. Penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan pot di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Perlakuan terdiri dari tiga faktor (tanah, zeolit dan pupuk kandang), yaitu 2 jenis tanah (Ultisols dan Entisols), 3 taraf dosis zeolit (0 ton/ha, 2 ton/ha, dan 4 ton/ha), dan 3 taraf dosis pupuk kandang sapi (0 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha, dan 30 ton/ha). Percobaan dirancang dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK), ulangan 3 kali dan diperoleh 54 unit percobaan. Variabel yang diamati meliputi sifat fisik tanah, pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) peningkatan dosis zeolit sampai 4 ton/ha dan pupuk kandang sampai 30 ton/ha tidak berpengaruh terhadap berat jenis isi (BJI), berat jenis partikel (BJP), porositas tanah Ultisols maupun tanah Entisols, batas lekat (BL), batas gulung (BG), dan batas berubah warna (BBW), akan tetapi peningkatan dosis zeolit mampu meningkatkan nilai batas cair (BC) dan peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang mampu menurunkan indeks plastisitas (IP), dan 2) zeolit secara mandiri tidak berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai, sedangkan peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang mampu meningkatkan bobot basah polong, bobot kering polong dan jumlah polong kedelai.

  • pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa sifat fisik tanah Ultisols dan entisols pada pertanaman kedelai glycine max l merril
    Jurnal Agronomika, 2011
    Co-Authors: Bondansari Bondansari, Bambang Siswo Susilo
    Abstract:

    Pemanfaatan tanah Ultisols dan tanah Entisols untuk peningkatan produksi kedelai perlu dilakukan perbaikan kualitas tanah, diantaranya dengan penambahan zeolid dan pupuk kandang. Pemanfaatan zeolit dan pupuk kandang diharapkan mampu sebagai bahan amelioran tanah sehingga produksi tanaman kedelai bias ditingkatkan. Terkait dengan hal tersebut telah dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk : 1) mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa sifat fisik tanah Entisols dan Ultisols dan 2) mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai pada tanah Entisols dan Ultisols. Penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan pot di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Perlakuan terdiri dari tiga faktor, yaitu jenis tanah, zeolit dan pupuk kandang, masing-masing 2 (dua) jenis tanah (T1: Ultisols dan T2: Entisols), 3 (tiga) taraf dosis zeolit (Z0: 0 ton/ha, Z1: 2 ton/ha, dan Z2: 4 ton/ha), dan 3 (tiga) taraf dosis pupuk kandang sapi (P0: 0 ton/ha, P1: 20 ton/ha, dan P2: 30 ton/ha). Percobaan dirancang dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK), masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang tiga kali dan diperoleh 54 unit percobaan. Variabel yang diamati meliputi variabel sifat fisik tanah, variabel pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) peningkatan zeolit sampai 4 ton/ha dan pupuk kandang sampai 30 ton/ha tidak berpengaruh terhadap berat jenis isi (BJI), berat jenis partikel (BJP) dan porositas tanah Ultisols maupun tanah Entisols, 2) nilai batas cair (BC) dipengaruh oleh dosis zeolit dan dosis pupuk kandang dan jenis tanahnya, batas lekat (BL) dan batas berubah warna (BBW) ditentukan oleh jenis tanah, sedangkan batas gulung (BG) dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara jenis tanah dan dosis zeolit, 3) dosis zeolit dan dosis pupuk kandang tidak mempengaruhi nilai persediaan air maksimum (PAM) maupun jangka olah (JO) tanah Ultisols maupun tanah Entisols, dan nilai indek plastisitas (IP) selain dipengaruhi secara mandiri oleh jenis tanah juga dipengaruhi oleh dosis pupuk kandang, dan 4) peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang mampu meningkatkan bobot basah polong, bobot kering polong dan jumlah polong kedelai. Kata kunci: zeolit, pupuk kandang, Ultisols, entisols, kedelai ABSTRACT Use of land for Ultisols and Entisols soil increased soybean production is necessary to improve soil quality, such as by adding zeolid and manure. Utilization of zeolites and manure as an ingredient amelioran expected to land so that the production of soybean crops improved bias. Related to this has done research with the aim to: 1) determine the effect of zeolite and manure on some soil physical properties of Entisols and Ultisols and 2) determine the effect of zeolite and manure on the growth and production of soybean crops in the Entisols and Ultisols. The study was conducted with a pot experiment in field trials UnSoed Faculty of Agriculture. The treatment consists of three factors, namely the type of soil, zeolite and manure, each 2 (two) types of soil (T1: Ultisols and T2: Entisols), 3 (three) standard doses of zeolite (Z0: 0 tons / ha, Z1 : 2 tons / ha, and Z2: 4 tons / ha), and 3 (three) standard doses of cow manure (P0: 0 tons / ha, P1: 20 tons / ha, and P2: 30 tons / ha). The experiment was designed using a randomized block design (RBD), each treatment combination was repeated three times and obtained 54 experimental units. Variables observed include variable physical properties of soil, crop growth and production variables. The results show that: 1) an increase in the zeolite to 4 tons / ha and manure up to 30 tons / ha had no effect on bulk density, particle density and the porosity of the Ultisols and Entisols, 2) the limit value liquid influences include dose of zeolite and manure and soil type, the boundary attached  and boundary change color is determined by the type of soil, whereas the limit of rolls is influenced by the interaction between soil type and dose of zeolite, 3 ) zeolite dose and dose of manure did not affect the value of the maximum water supply and term tillage Ultisols soil and Entisols soil, and the plasticity index in addition to independently influenced by the type of soil is also influenced by the dose of manure, and 4) increasing doses of manure can improve the wet weight of pods, dry weight of pods and pods of soybean. Key words: zeolid, manure, Ultisols, entisols,  soybean

María E. Báez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • sorption desorption behavior of pesticides and their degradation products in volcanic and nonvolcanic soils interpretation of interactions through two way principal component analysis
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015
    Co-Authors: María E. Báez, Jeannette Espinoza, Ricardo Silva, Edwar Fuentes
    Abstract:

    Sorption-desorption behavior of six pesticides and some degradation products was assessed on seven agricultural volcanic and nonvolcanic soils belonging to Andisol, Ultisol, Mollisol, and Alfisol orders. The global interpretation of sorption data was performed by principal component analysis. Results showed exceptionally high sorption of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) (the breakdown product) on volcanic soils (Kf > 1500 μg1 − 1 / n mL1 / n g−1) related mainly to contents of amorphous aluminum oxides (Andisols) and crystalline minerals (Ultisols). The lower sorption on nonvolcanic soils was associated to low organic matter contents and lack of significant minerals. Metsulfuron-methyl and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (metabolite of chlorpyrifos) were weakly to substantially sorbed on Andisols and Ultisols, but the first one was not sorbed at pH > 6.4, including nonvolcanic soils. The metabolite of diazinon, 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine, was weakly sorbed on all soils (Kf = 0.4 to 3.6 μg1 − 1 / n mL1 / n g−1). Acidic compounds would be lixiviated in Mollisols and Alfisols, but they could leach also in Andisols and Ultisols if they reach greater depths. Atrazine and deethylatrazine sorption was related to organic carbon content; therefore, they were weakly retained on nonvolcanic soils (Kf = 0.7 to 2.2 μg1 − 1 / n mL1 / n g−1). Chlorpyrifos was highly sorbed on all soils reaching KOC values of >8000. Finally, the significant retention of chlorothalonil and diazinon on Mollisols and Alfisols in spite of their low OC contents showed the contribution of clay minerals in the sorption process.

  • characterization of the atrazine sorption process on andisol and ultisol volcanic ash derived soils kinetic parameters and the contribution of humic fractions
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2013
    Co-Authors: María E. Báez, Edwar Fuentes, Jeannette Espinoza
    Abstract:

    Atrazine sorption was studied in six Andisol and Ultisol soils. Humic and fulvic acids and humin contributions were established. Sorption on soils was well described by the Freundlich model. Kf values ranged from 2.2–15.6 μg1–1/nmL1/ng–1. The relevance of humic acid and humin was deduced from isotherm and kinetics experiments. KOC values varied between 221 and 679 mLg–1 for these fractions. Fulvic acid presented low binding capacity. Sorption was controlled by instantaneous equilibrium followed by a time-dependent phase. The Elovich equation, intraparticle diffusion model, and a two-site nonequilibrium model allowed us to conclude that (i) there are two rate-limited phases in Andisols related to intrasorbent diffusion in organic matter and retarded intraparticle diffusion in the organo–mineral complex and that (ii) there is one rate-limited phase in Ultisols attributed to the mineral composition. The lower organic matter content of Ultisols and the slower sorption rate and mechanisms involved must be cons...

  • modeling the sorption kinetic of metsulfuron methyl on andisols and Ultisols volcanic ash derived soils kinetics parameters and solute transport mechanisms
    Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010
    Co-Authors: Lizethly Caceres, Edwar Fuentes, Mauricio Escudey, María E. Báez
    Abstract:

    Metsulfuron-methyl sorption kinetic was studied in Andisol and Ultisol soils in view of their distinctive physical and chemical properties: acidic pH and variable surface charge. Different kinetic models were applied to the experimental results. The pseudo-second-order model fitted sorption kinetics data better than the pseudo-first-order model. The rate constant and the initial rate constant values obtained through this model demonstrated the different behavior of metsulfuron-methyl in both kinds of soils, both parameters being the highest for Andisol. The application of Elovich equation, intraparticle diffusion model and a two-site nonequilibrium model (TSNE) allowed to conclude that: (i) the high organic matter content is the governing factor for Andisols where mass transfer across the boundary layer, and in a lesser degree, intraparticle diffusion were the two processes controlling sorption kinetic and (ii) the mineral composition was more relevant in Ultisols where rate was controlled almost exclusively by intraparticle diffusion into macropores and micropores. The slower sorption rate on Ultisols, the mechanism involved and the lower sorption capacity of this kind of soils must be taken into account to assess leaching behavior of this herbicide.

  • metsulfuron methyl sorption desorption behavior on volcanic ash derived soils effect of phosphate and ph
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2010
    Co-Authors: Lizethly Caceres, Edwar Fuentes, Mauricio Escudey, Roxana Fuentes, María E. Báez
    Abstract:

    Metsulfuron-methyl sorption/desorption behavior was studied through batch sorption experiments in three typical volcanic ash-derived soils belonging to Andisol and Ultisol orders. Their distinctive physical and chemical properties are acidic pH and variable surface charge. Organic matter content and mineral composition affected in different ways sorption of metsulfuron-methyl (KOC ranging from 113 to 646 mL g -1 ): organic matter and iron and aluminum oxides mainly through hydrophilic rather than hydrophobic interactions in Andisols, and Kaolinite group minerals, as major constituents of Ultisols, and iron and aluminum oxides only through hydrophilic interactions. The Freundlich model described metsulfuron-methyl behavior in all cases (R 2 > 0.992). Kf values (3.1-14.4 μg 1-1/n mL 1/n g -1 ) were higher than those reported for different class of soils including some with variable charge. Hysteresis was more significant in Ultisols. A strong influence of pH and phosphate was established for both kinds of soil, intensive soil fertilization and liming being the most probable scenario for leaching of metsulfuron-methyl, particularly in Ultisols.

  • adsorption of glyphosate on variable charge volcanic ash derived soils
    Journal of Environmental Quality, 2009
    Co-Authors: L Caceresjensen, María E. Báez, Jianying Gan, Romulo Fuentes, Mauricio Escudey
    Abstract:

    Glyphosate (N-phosphonometylglycine) is widely used due to its broad spectrum of activity and nonselective mode of action. In Chile it is the most used herbicide, but its adsorption behavior in the abundant and widespread variable charge soils is not well understood. In this study, three volcanic ash-derived soils were selected, including Andisols (Nueva Braunau and Diguillin) and Ultisols (Collipulli), to evaluate the adsorption kinetics, equilibrium isotherms, and the effect of pH in glyphosate adsorption. The influence of glyphosate on soil phosphorus retention was also studied. Glyphosate was rapidly and strongly adsorbed on the selected soils, and adsorption isotherms were well described by the Freundlich relationship with strong nonlinearity (n(fads) < 0.5). The n(fads) values were consistently higher than n(fdes) values, suggesting strong hysteresis. Adsorption (K(ads)) increased strongly when pH decreased. The presence of glyphosate (3200 mug mL(-1)) changed the adsorption behavior of phosphate at its maximum adsorption capacity. Andisol soils without the addition of glyphosate had similar mean K(ads) values for Nueva Braunau (5.68) and Diguillin (7.38). Collipulli had a mean K(ads) value of 31.58. During the successive desorption steps, glyphosate at the highest level increased K(ads) values for phosphate in the Andisol soils but had little effect in the Ultisol soil. This different behavior was probably due to the irreversible occupation of some adsorption sites by glyphosate in the Ultisol soil attributed to the dominant Kaolinite mineral. Results from this study suggest that in the two types of volcanic soils, different mechanisms are involved in glyphosate and phosphate adsorption and that long-term use of glyphosate may impose different effects on the retention and availability of phosphorus. Volcanic ash-derived soils have a particular environmental behavior in relation to the retention of organic contaminants, representing an environmental substrate that may become highly polluted over time due to intensive agronomic uses.

Mauricio Escudey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • nicosulfuron sorption kinetics and sorption desorption on volcanic ash derived soils proposal of sorption and transport mechanisms
    Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2020
    Co-Authors: L Caceresjensen, Mauricio Escudey, Jorge Rodriguezbecerra, Jorge Joonagata, Cristian A Villagra, Valentina Dominguezvera, Angelo Neiraalbornoz, Maribel Cornejohuentemilla
    Abstract:

    Abstract Nicosulfuron sorption/desorption kinetics were studied through batch sorption studies in ten volcanic ash-derived Andisol and Ultisol soils with acidic pH and variable surface charge. Two different kinetic models were used to fit the experimental data: i) Models to establish kinetic parameters (Pseudo-First and Pseudo-Second-Order), and ii) Models to describe solute transport mechanisms of organic compounds on sorbents (Intraparticle Diffusion, Dimensionless Intraparticle, Boyd, and Two-Site Nonequilibrium). Sorption kinetic data best fit the pseudo-second-order model. Application of these models to describe solute transport suggests that underlying mechanisms are complex in all soils due to: i) surface sorption, with mass transfers controlling sorption kinetics across the boundary layer; and ii) pore diffusion (i.e. intraparticle diffusion into macropores and micropores). The Freundlich model explained equilibrium sorption data in all cases (R2 > 0.9979) with Kf values higher than those reported for different class of soils (6.85–16.08 μg1-1/n mL1/n  g-1). The hysteresis was significant in all studied soils. The lower sorption rate on Ultisols must be considered in regards to Nicosulfuron leaching potential.

  • modeling the sorption kinetic of metsulfuron methyl on andisols and Ultisols volcanic ash derived soils kinetics parameters and solute transport mechanisms
    Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010
    Co-Authors: Lizethly Caceres, Edwar Fuentes, Mauricio Escudey, María E. Báez
    Abstract:

    Metsulfuron-methyl sorption kinetic was studied in Andisol and Ultisol soils in view of their distinctive physical and chemical properties: acidic pH and variable surface charge. Different kinetic models were applied to the experimental results. The pseudo-second-order model fitted sorption kinetics data better than the pseudo-first-order model. The rate constant and the initial rate constant values obtained through this model demonstrated the different behavior of metsulfuron-methyl in both kinds of soils, both parameters being the highest for Andisol. The application of Elovich equation, intraparticle diffusion model and a two-site nonequilibrium model (TSNE) allowed to conclude that: (i) the high organic matter content is the governing factor for Andisols where mass transfer across the boundary layer, and in a lesser degree, intraparticle diffusion were the two processes controlling sorption kinetic and (ii) the mineral composition was more relevant in Ultisols where rate was controlled almost exclusively by intraparticle diffusion into macropores and micropores. The slower sorption rate on Ultisols, the mechanism involved and the lower sorption capacity of this kind of soils must be taken into account to assess leaching behavior of this herbicide.

  • metsulfuron methyl sorption desorption behavior on volcanic ash derived soils effect of phosphate and ph
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2010
    Co-Authors: Lizethly Caceres, Edwar Fuentes, Mauricio Escudey, Roxana Fuentes, María E. Báez
    Abstract:

    Metsulfuron-methyl sorption/desorption behavior was studied through batch sorption experiments in three typical volcanic ash-derived soils belonging to Andisol and Ultisol orders. Their distinctive physical and chemical properties are acidic pH and variable surface charge. Organic matter content and mineral composition affected in different ways sorption of metsulfuron-methyl (KOC ranging from 113 to 646 mL g -1 ): organic matter and iron and aluminum oxides mainly through hydrophilic rather than hydrophobic interactions in Andisols, and Kaolinite group minerals, as major constituents of Ultisols, and iron and aluminum oxides only through hydrophilic interactions. The Freundlich model described metsulfuron-methyl behavior in all cases (R 2 > 0.992). Kf values (3.1-14.4 μg 1-1/n mL 1/n g -1 ) were higher than those reported for different class of soils including some with variable charge. Hysteresis was more significant in Ultisols. A strong influence of pH and phosphate was established for both kinds of soil, intensive soil fertilization and liming being the most probable scenario for leaching of metsulfuron-methyl, particularly in Ultisols.

  • adsorption of glyphosate on variable charge volcanic ash derived soils
    Journal of Environmental Quality, 2009
    Co-Authors: L Caceresjensen, María E. Báez, Jianying Gan, Romulo Fuentes, Mauricio Escudey
    Abstract:

    Glyphosate (N-phosphonometylglycine) is widely used due to its broad spectrum of activity and nonselective mode of action. In Chile it is the most used herbicide, but its adsorption behavior in the abundant and widespread variable charge soils is not well understood. In this study, three volcanic ash-derived soils were selected, including Andisols (Nueva Braunau and Diguillin) and Ultisols (Collipulli), to evaluate the adsorption kinetics, equilibrium isotherms, and the effect of pH in glyphosate adsorption. The influence of glyphosate on soil phosphorus retention was also studied. Glyphosate was rapidly and strongly adsorbed on the selected soils, and adsorption isotherms were well described by the Freundlich relationship with strong nonlinearity (n(fads) < 0.5). The n(fads) values were consistently higher than n(fdes) values, suggesting strong hysteresis. Adsorption (K(ads)) increased strongly when pH decreased. The presence of glyphosate (3200 mug mL(-1)) changed the adsorption behavior of phosphate at its maximum adsorption capacity. Andisol soils without the addition of glyphosate had similar mean K(ads) values for Nueva Braunau (5.68) and Diguillin (7.38). Collipulli had a mean K(ads) value of 31.58. During the successive desorption steps, glyphosate at the highest level increased K(ads) values for phosphate in the Andisol soils but had little effect in the Ultisol soil. This different behavior was probably due to the irreversible occupation of some adsorption sites by glyphosate in the Ultisol soil attributed to the dominant Kaolinite mineral. Results from this study suggest that in the two types of volcanic soils, different mechanisms are involved in glyphosate and phosphate adsorption and that long-term use of glyphosate may impose different effects on the retention and availability of phosphorus. Volcanic ash-derived soils have a particular environmental behavior in relation to the retention of organic contaminants, representing an environmental substrate that may become highly polluted over time due to intensive agronomic uses.

Hasanudin Hasanudin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • PEMBERIAN KOMBINASI PUPUK KANDANG SAPI DENGAN PUPUK MAJEMUK TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA TANAH, PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TOMAT(Lycopersicus esculentum Mill) DI ULTISOL
    2019
    Co-Authors: Sulistiyono Sulistiyono, Hasanudin Hasanudin, Alnopri Alnopri
    Abstract:

    Tomat adalah tanaman semusin yang merupakan tanaman perdu, buahnya merupakan sumber vitamin dan mineral. Kandungan gizi pada tomat meliputi protein, karbohidrat, lemak, kalsium, fosfor, zat besi, vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, dan likopen. Budidaya tomat dipengaruhi kurang tersedianya lahan subur yang dapat mendukung pertumbuhan tomat. Keadaan lingkungan merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman. Provinsi Bengkulu umumnya didominasi oleh tanah Ultisols seluas 706.000 ha. PemanfaatanUltisol terkendala karena pada umumnya tanah ini masam dan kandungan bahan organik rendah dengan kandungan hara makro N, P,K,Ca, dan Mg rendah, sehingga dalam peningkatan produktivitas, maka tanah Ultisol perlu dilakukan perbaikan. Untuk mengatasi rendahnya unsur hara di tanah Ultisol dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian bahan organik dan pupuk anorganik. Pemberian bahan organik dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian pupuk kandang sapi, dan pupuk anorganik dengan Pemberian pupuk NPK(16-16-16). Pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dapat memberikan ketersediaan unsur hara, dapat memperbaiki sifat kimia, fisik, dan biologi tanah. Pupuk anorganik NPK dapat menyediakan unsur hara makro di dalam tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan petani, Desa Dusun Baru, Kecamatan Pondok Kubang, Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah, Provinsi Bengkulu pada bulan Agustus sampai November 2018 dengan jenis tanah Ultisol dan ketinggian tempat 24 m dpl. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan faktor tunggal yang terdiri dari 6 taraf perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan Analisis varian (ANAVA) pada taraf 5%. Variabel yang menunjukkan apabila berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT taraf α5%. Hasil yang xdapat disimpulkan adalah perlakuan K4 (NPK 25% + Pupuk Kandang 75%) memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap pH, pertumbuhan, dan hasil tomat di Ultisol

  • PENGARUH VERMIKOMPOS TERHADAP KADAR HARA N DIDALAM DAUN DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG (BISI-2) PADA Ultisols
    2019
    Co-Authors: Ratri, Windy Puspita, Hasanudin Hasanudin, Riwandi Riwandi
    Abstract:

    Ultisols memiliki faktor pembatas yang relatif banyak dalam pemanfaatan. Faktor pembatas tersebut adalah pH rendah, kandungan bahan organik rendah, konsentrasi unsur hara toksik seperti Al, Mn, dan Fe yang relatif tinggi sehingga bersifat racun bagi tanaman, kahat hara N, K, Ca dan Mg, daya fiksasi P tinggi serta Kapasitas Tukar Kation rendah. Tanaman jagung termasuk salah satu tanaman yang kurang toleran pada kondisi tanah masam dan berkadar Al tinggi seperti lahan Ultisols. Vermikompos dipilih untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Vermikompos dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan mengandung unsur hara makro dan mikro yang dibutuhkan tanaman untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dosis optimum vermikompos terhadap kadar hara N didalam daun dan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung (BISI-2) pada Ultisols. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan september - November 2018 di Rumah Kawat, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 1 faktor. Faktor yang digunakan adalah dosis vermikompos yang terdiri dari 7 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan: V0 = 0 ton ha-1, V1 = 2,5 ton ha-1 , V2 = 5,0 ton ha-1 , V3 = 7,5 ton ha-1 , V4 =10,0 ton ha-1 V5 =12,5 ton ha-1, V6 =15,0 ton ha-1. Hasil penelitian dosis optimum vermikompos 7,80 ton ha1 memberikan hasil maksimum kadar N daun sebesar 2,40 %, dosis optimum vermikompos 8,6 ton ha-1 memberikan hasil maksimum serapan N sebesar 124,8 kg ha-1, dosis optimum vermikompos 9,59 ton ha-1 memberikan hasil maksimum tinggi tanaman sebesar 160,7 cm, dosis optimum vermikompos 10,2 ton ha-1 memberikan hasil maksimum bobot brangkasan basah sebesar 27.561,2 kg ha-1, dosis optimum vemikompos 9,9 ton ha -1 memberikan hasil maksimum bobot brangkasan kering sebesar 5.675,5 kg ha-1, dan dosis optimum vermikompos 9,5 ton ha-1 memberikan hasil maksimum bobot kering akar sebesar 1.156,0 kg ha-1. Kata Kunci: Jagung, Nitrogen, Ultisols, Vermikompo

  • PENGARUH DOSIS VERMIKOMPOS TERHADAP KADAR HARA K DALAM DAUN SERTA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG (BISI-2) PADA Ultisols
    2019
    Co-Authors: Nurjanah Nunung, Riwandi Riwandi, Hasanudin Hasanudin
    Abstract:

    Ultisols merupakan salah satu jenis tanah yang memiliki sebaran yang luas di Indonesia dan memiliki potensi yang besar untuk dikembangkan menjadi lahan pertanian tetapi Ultisols memiliki keterbatasan dan permasalahan pada sifat fisik seperti pemampatan tanah, rentan terjadi erosi, daya pengikat air yang rendah, pada sifat kimia seperti kandungan hara N, P, K yang rendah, KTK yang rendah, kejenuhan Al, Fe dan Mn yang tinggi sehingga berpotensi untuk meracuni tanaman, serta permasalahan pada sifat biologi seperti kandungan bahan organik yang rendah dan keberadaan mikroorganisme tanah yang rendah. Salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tanah Ultisols yaitu dengan menggunakan pupuk vermikompos, karena vermikompos memilki keunggulan seperti memilki unsur hara makro dan mikro yang lengkap, meningkatkan penyerapan unsur hara, kemampuan menyerap dan menyimpan air dalam tanah tinggi, dan mengandung mikroorganisme yang bermanfaat dalam jumlah banyak. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini perlu dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh dosis optimal pupuk vermikompos terhadap kadar hara K dalam daun, serapan K dan pertumbuhan jagung Bisi- 2 pada Ultisols. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai dengan November 2018, yang dilaksanakan di Rumah Kawat Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Bengkulu dan di Laboratorium Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal yang terdiri atas 7 taraf perlakuan dan 3 ulangan yang terdiri dari: V0 = 0 ton ha-1, V1 = 2,5 ton ha-1 , V2 = 5,0 ton ha-1, V3 = 7,5 ton ha-1 , V4 =10,0 ton ha-1, V5 =12,5 ton ha-1, V6 = 15,0 ton ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis optimum pupuk vermikompos 5,71 tonha-1, menghasilkan kadar K daun 0,59 %, dosis optimum pupuk vermikompos 9,5 ton ha-1, menghasilkan serapan K daun 31 kg ha-1, dosis optimum pupuk vermikompos 9,59 ton ha, menghasilkan tinggi tanaman 160,7 cm, dosis optimum pupuk vermikompos 10,2 ton ha-1, menghasilkan bobot brangkasan basah 27.561,2 kg ha-1, dosis pupuk vemikompos 98,9 ton ha-1, menghasilkan bobot brangkasan kering 5.675,5 kg ha-1, dosis optimum pupuk vermikomos 9,5 ton ha-1, menghasilkan berat kering akar 1.156 kg ha-1

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