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Jin-hu Fan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Research Article Association between Upper Digestive Tract Microbiota and Cancer-Predisposing States in the Esophagus and Stomach
2016Co-Authors: Mitchell H. Gail, S M Dawsey, Jin-hu Fan, Jianxin Shi, Vanja Klepac-ceraj, Bruce J. Paster, Bruce A. Dye, Neal D. Freedman, Christian C AbnetAbstract:Background: The human Upper Digestive Tract microbial community (microbiota) is not well characterized and few studies have explored how it relates to human health. We examined the relationship between Upper Digestive Tract microbiota and two cancer-predisposing states, serum pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratio (PGI/II; predictor of gastric cancer risk) and esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD; the precursor lesion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; ESCC) in a cross-sectional design. Methods: The Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray was used to test for the presence of 272 bacterial species in 333 Upper Digestive Tract samples from a Chinese cancer screening cohort. Serum PGI and PGII were determined by ELISA. ESD was determined by chromoendoscopy with biopsy. Results: Lower microbial richness (number of bacterial genera per sample) was significantly associated with lower PGI/II ratio (P 0.034) and the presence of ESD (P 0.018). We conducted principal component (PC) analysis on a b-diversity matrix (pairwise difference in microbiota), and observed significant correlations between PC1, PC3, and PGI/II (P 0.004 and 0.009, respectively), and between PC1 and ESD (P 0.003). Conclusions: Lower microbial richness in Upper Digestive Tract was independently associated with both cancer-predisposing states in the esophagus and stomach (presence of ESD and lower PGI/II). Impact:These novel findings suggest that the Upper Digestive Tractmicrobiotamayplay a role in the etiology of chronic atrophic gastritis and ESD, and therefore in the development of gastric and esophageal cancers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(5); 735–41. 2014 AACR
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the association between the Upper Digestive Tract microbiota by homim and oral health in a population based study in linxian china
BMC Public Health, 2014Co-Authors: Bruce A. Dye, Guoqing Wang, Mitchell H. Gail, Jianxin Shi, Bruce J. Paster, Vanja Klepacceraj, Wenqiang Wei, Jin-hu FanAbstract:Bacteria affect oral health, but few studies have systematically examined the role of bacterial communities in oral diseases. We examined this relationship in a large population-based Chinese cancer screening cohort. Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarrays were used to test for the presence of 272 human oral bacterial species (97 genera) in Upper Digestive Tract (UDT) samples collected from 659 participants. Oral health was assessed using US NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) protocols. We assessed both dental health (total teeth missing; tooth decay; and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) score) and periodontal health (bleeding on probing (BoP) extent score, loss of attachment extent score, and a periodontitis summary estimate). Microbial richness, estimated by number of genera per sample, was positively correlated with BoP score (P = 0.015), but negatively correlated with tooth decay and DMFT score (P = 0.008 and 0.022 respectively). Regarding β-diversity, as estimated by the UniFrac distance matrix for pairwise differences among samples, at least one of the first three principal components of the UniFrac distance matrix was correlated with the number of missing teeth, tooth decay, DMFT, BoP, or periodontitis. Of the examined genera, Parvimonas was positively associated with BoP and periodontitis. Veillonellacease [G-1] was associated with a high DMFT score, and Filifactor and Peptostreptococcus were associated with a low DMFT score. Our results suggest distinct relationships between UDT microbiota and dental and periodontal health. Poor dental health was associated with a less microbial diversity, whereas poor periodontal health was associated with more diversity and the presence of potentially pathogenic species.
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association between Upper Digestive Tract microbiota and cancer predisposing states in the esophagus and stomach
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 2014Co-Authors: Mitchell H. Gail, Guoqing Wang, Youlin Qiao, Jin-hu Fan, Jianxin Shi, Bruce J. Paster, Bruce A. Dye, Vanja Klepacceraj, Wenqiang Wei, S M DawseyAbstract:Background: The human Upper Digestive Tract microbial community (microbiota) is not well characterized and few studies have explored how it relates to human health. We examined the relationship between Upper Digestive Tract microbiota and two cancer-predisposing states, serum pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratio (PGI/II; predictor of gastric cancer risk) and esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD; the precursor lesion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; ESCC) in a cross-sectional design. Methods: The Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray was used to test for the presence of 272 bacterial species in 333 Upper Digestive Tract samples from a Chinese cancer screening cohort. Serum PGI and PGII were determined by ELISA. ESD was determined by chromoendoscopy with biopsy. Results: Lower microbial richness (number of bacterial genera per sample) was significantly associated with lower PGI/II ratio ( P = 0.034) and the presence of ESD ( P = 0.018). We conducted principal component (PC) analysis on a β-diversity matrix (pairwise difference in microbiota), and observed significant correlations between PC1, PC3, and PGI/II ( P = 0.004 and 0.009, respectively), and between PC1 and ESD ( P = 0.003). Conclusions: Lower microbial richness in Upper Digestive Tract was independently associated with both cancer-predisposing states in the esophagus and stomach (presence of ESD and lower PGI/II). Impact: These novel findings suggest that the Upper Digestive Tract microbiota may play a role in the etiology of chronic atrophic gastritis and ESD, and therefore in the development of gastric and esophageal cancers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(5); 735–41. ©2014 AACR . This article is featured in Highlights of This Issue, [p. 685][1] [1]: /lookup/volpage/23/685?iss=5
Giorgio Walter Canonica - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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409 oral allergy syndrome and united airways disease is there a functional connection
World Allergy Organization Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Carlo Lombardi, Giovanni Passalacqua, Giorgio Walter CanonicaAbstract:Background The airways and the Upper Digestive Tract have a common embrional origin, and in sensitized subjects they can respond to allergens with an immediate reaction (asthma, rhinitis or oral allergy syndrome). We investigated the possible functional connection between respiratory Tract and Upper Digestive Tract by means of specific oral allergen challenges.
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the functional connection between oral allergy syndrome and united airways disease assessed by oral challenge
Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology, 2012Co-Authors: Carlo Lombardi, Giovanni Passalacqua, Giorgio Walter CanonicaAbstract:AbsTract Background The airways and the Upper Digestive Tract have a common embryonic origin. In sensitized subjects they can respond to allergens with an immediate reaction (asthma, rhinitis, or oral allergy syndrome [OAS]). Objective To investigate the possible functional connection between respiratory and Upper Digestive Tract by means of specific oral allergen challenges. Methods Patients sensitized to birch and apple were subdivided into group A ( n = 12; asthma + rhinitis caused by birch and OAS caused by apple); group B ( n = 10; OAS caused by apple without asthma/rhinitis); group C ( n = 8; asthma and rhinitis caused by birch without OAS). Healthy subjects represented the control group D ( n = 6). Oral provocation test with apple was performed out of the pollen season. Visual analog scale for eye, nose, and mouth symptoms, spirometry, nasal eosinophil count, and exhaled nitric oxide were assessed before and 6 hours after challenge. Results No change occurred in nasal and ocular symptoms before versus after challenge in all groups. On the contrary, in groups A and B the oral scores significantly increased after challenge ( P Conclusion In the case of birch-apple syndrome, eating apple does not functionally or clinically affect the respiratory Tract.
Mikko Salaspuro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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aldh2 genotype has no effect on salivary acetaldehyde without the presence of ethanol in the systemic circulation
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Andreas Helminen, Satu Vakevainen, Mikko SalaspuroAbstract:Background Acetaldehyde associated with alcoholic beverages was recently classified as carcinogenic (Group 1) to humans based on uniform epidemiological and biochemical evidence. ALDH2 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2) deficient alcohol consumers are exposed to high concentrations of salivary acetaldehyde and have an increased risk of Upper Digestive Tract cancer. However, this interaction is not seen among ALDH2 deficient non-drinkers or rare drinkers, regardless of their smoking status or consumption of edibles containing ethanol or acetaldehyde. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of the ALDH2 genotype on the exposure to locally formed acetaldehyde via the saliva without ethanol ingestion. Methods The ALDH2 genotypes of 17 subjects were determined by PCR-RFLP. The subjects rinsed out their mouths with 5 ml of 40 vol% alcohol for 5 seconds. Salivary ethanol and acetaldehyde levels were measured by gas chromatography. Results Acetaldehyde reached mutagenic levels rapidly and the exposure continued for up to 20 minutes. The mean salivary acetaldehyde concentrations did not differ between ALDH2 genotypes. Conclusions For ALDH2 deficient subjects, an elevated exposure to endogenously formed acetaldehyde requires the presence of ethanol in the systemic circulation. Impact Our findings provide a logical explanation for how there is an increased incidence of Upper Digestive Tract cancers among ALDH2 deficient alcohol drinkers, but not among those ALDH2 deficient subjects who are locally exposed to acetaldehyde without bloodborne ethanol being delivered to the saliva. Thus, ALDH2 deficient alcohol drinkers provide a human model for increased local exposure to acetaldehyde derived from the salivary glands.
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synergistic effect of alcohol drinking and smoking on in vivo acetaldehyde concentration in saliva
International Journal of Cancer, 2004Co-Authors: Ville Salaspuro, Mikko SalaspuroAbstract:Alcohol drinking and smoking are independent risk factors for Upper Digestive Tract cancers. Furthermore, their combined use interacts in a multiplicative way on cancer risk. There is convincing evidence that acetaldehyde, the first metabolite of ethanol and a constituent of tobacco smoke, is a local carcinogen in humans. Therefore, we examined the combined effect of alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking on in vivo acetaldehyde concentration in saliva. Seven smokers and 6 nonsmokers participated in the study. First, to measure the effect of alcohol on salivary acetaldehyde, all volunteers ingested 0.8 g/kg body weight of ethanol and saliva samples were collected every 20 min for 160 min thereafter. After a 3-day washout period, smokers ingested again the same amount of ethanol and smoked one cigarette every 20 min and saliva samples were collected at 10 min intervals for 160 min. Acetaldehyde and ethanol concentrations were analyzed by headspace gas chromatograph. Firstly, smokers without concomitant smoking during ethanol challenge had 2 times higher in vivo salivary acetaldehyde concentrations than nonsmokers after ethanol ingestion (AUC 114.8 ± 11.5 vs. 54.2 ± 8.7 μM × hr, respectively; p = 0.002). Secondly, smokers with active smoking during ethanol challenge had 7 times higher in vivo salivary acetaldehyde levels than nonsmokers (AUC 369.5 ± 12.2 vs. 54.2 ± 8.7 μM × hr, respectively; p < 0.001). We conclude that this markedly increased exposure of Upper Digestive Tract mucosa to carcinogenic salivary acetaldehyde of smoking and drinking subjects may explain the synergistic and multiplicative risk effect of alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking on Upper gastrointestinal Tract carcinogenesis. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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4 methylpyrazole decreases salivary acetaldehyde levels in aldh2 deficient subjects but not in subjects with normal aldh2
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 2001Co-Authors: Satu Vakevainen, Jyrki Tillonen, Mikko SalaspuroAbstract:Background: Carcinogenic acetaldehyde is produced from ethanol locally in the Upper Digestive Tract via alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) of oral microbes, mucosal cells, and salivary glands. Acetaldehyde is further oxidized into less harmful acetate mainly by the aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) enzyme. ALDH2-deficiency increases salivary acetaldehyde levels and the risk for Upper Digestive Tract cancer in heavy alcohol drinkers. 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP) is an ADH-inhibitor which could reduce the local production of acetaldehyde from ethanol in the saliva. Methods: Five ALDH2-deficient subjects and six subjects with normal ALDH2 ingested a moderate dose of alcohol (0.4 g/kg of body weight), whereafter their salivary acetaldehyde levels, heart rate, skin temperature, and blood pressure were followed for up to four hours. Blood acetaldehyde and ethanol levels were determined at 60 min. The experiment was repeated after a week. Two hours before the second study day, the volunteers received 4-MP, 10–15 mg/kg of body weight orally. Results: Total ethanol elimination rate decreased with 4-MP by 38–46% in all subjects. 4-MP also reduced blood acetaldehyde levels and suppressed the cardiocirculatory responses of the ALDH2-deficient volunteers. In addition, salivary acetaldehyde production in ALDH2-deficient subjects was significantly reduced when correlated with salivary ethanol levels. On the contrary, 4-MP did not have any effect on salivary or blood acetaldehyde levels in subjects with normal ALDH2. Conclusions: A single dose of 4-MP before ethanol ingestion reduces ethanol elimination rate, the flushing reaction, and both blood and salivary acetaldehyde levels in ALDH2-deficient subjects but not in subjects with the normal ALDH2 genotype. These results suggest that the role of oral mucosal and glandular ADHs in salivary acetaldehyde production is minimal and support earlier findings indicating that salivary acetaldehyde production is mainly of microbial origin in subjects with normal ALDH2.
Bruce J. Paster - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Research Article Association between Upper Digestive Tract Microbiota and Cancer-Predisposing States in the Esophagus and Stomach
2016Co-Authors: Mitchell H. Gail, S M Dawsey, Jin-hu Fan, Jianxin Shi, Vanja Klepac-ceraj, Bruce J. Paster, Bruce A. Dye, Neal D. Freedman, Christian C AbnetAbstract:Background: The human Upper Digestive Tract microbial community (microbiota) is not well characterized and few studies have explored how it relates to human health. We examined the relationship between Upper Digestive Tract microbiota and two cancer-predisposing states, serum pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratio (PGI/II; predictor of gastric cancer risk) and esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD; the precursor lesion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; ESCC) in a cross-sectional design. Methods: The Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray was used to test for the presence of 272 bacterial species in 333 Upper Digestive Tract samples from a Chinese cancer screening cohort. Serum PGI and PGII were determined by ELISA. ESD was determined by chromoendoscopy with biopsy. Results: Lower microbial richness (number of bacterial genera per sample) was significantly associated with lower PGI/II ratio (P 0.034) and the presence of ESD (P 0.018). We conducted principal component (PC) analysis on a b-diversity matrix (pairwise difference in microbiota), and observed significant correlations between PC1, PC3, and PGI/II (P 0.004 and 0.009, respectively), and between PC1 and ESD (P 0.003). Conclusions: Lower microbial richness in Upper Digestive Tract was independently associated with both cancer-predisposing states in the esophagus and stomach (presence of ESD and lower PGI/II). Impact:These novel findings suggest that the Upper Digestive Tractmicrobiotamayplay a role in the etiology of chronic atrophic gastritis and ESD, and therefore in the development of gastric and esophageal cancers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(5); 735–41. 2014 AACR
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the association between the Upper Digestive Tract microbiota by homim and oral health in a population based study in linxian china
BMC Public Health, 2014Co-Authors: Bruce A. Dye, Guoqing Wang, Mitchell H. Gail, Jianxin Shi, Bruce J. Paster, Vanja Klepacceraj, Wenqiang Wei, Jin-hu FanAbstract:Bacteria affect oral health, but few studies have systematically examined the role of bacterial communities in oral diseases. We examined this relationship in a large population-based Chinese cancer screening cohort. Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarrays were used to test for the presence of 272 human oral bacterial species (97 genera) in Upper Digestive Tract (UDT) samples collected from 659 participants. Oral health was assessed using US NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) protocols. We assessed both dental health (total teeth missing; tooth decay; and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) score) and periodontal health (bleeding on probing (BoP) extent score, loss of attachment extent score, and a periodontitis summary estimate). Microbial richness, estimated by number of genera per sample, was positively correlated with BoP score (P = 0.015), but negatively correlated with tooth decay and DMFT score (P = 0.008 and 0.022 respectively). Regarding β-diversity, as estimated by the UniFrac distance matrix for pairwise differences among samples, at least one of the first three principal components of the UniFrac distance matrix was correlated with the number of missing teeth, tooth decay, DMFT, BoP, or periodontitis. Of the examined genera, Parvimonas was positively associated with BoP and periodontitis. Veillonellacease [G-1] was associated with a high DMFT score, and Filifactor and Peptostreptococcus were associated with a low DMFT score. Our results suggest distinct relationships between UDT microbiota and dental and periodontal health. Poor dental health was associated with a less microbial diversity, whereas poor periodontal health was associated with more diversity and the presence of potentially pathogenic species.
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association between Upper Digestive Tract microbiota and cancer predisposing states in the esophagus and stomach
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 2014Co-Authors: Mitchell H. Gail, Guoqing Wang, Youlin Qiao, Jin-hu Fan, Jianxin Shi, Bruce J. Paster, Bruce A. Dye, Vanja Klepacceraj, Wenqiang Wei, S M DawseyAbstract:Background: The human Upper Digestive Tract microbial community (microbiota) is not well characterized and few studies have explored how it relates to human health. We examined the relationship between Upper Digestive Tract microbiota and two cancer-predisposing states, serum pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratio (PGI/II; predictor of gastric cancer risk) and esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD; the precursor lesion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; ESCC) in a cross-sectional design. Methods: The Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray was used to test for the presence of 272 bacterial species in 333 Upper Digestive Tract samples from a Chinese cancer screening cohort. Serum PGI and PGII were determined by ELISA. ESD was determined by chromoendoscopy with biopsy. Results: Lower microbial richness (number of bacterial genera per sample) was significantly associated with lower PGI/II ratio ( P = 0.034) and the presence of ESD ( P = 0.018). We conducted principal component (PC) analysis on a β-diversity matrix (pairwise difference in microbiota), and observed significant correlations between PC1, PC3, and PGI/II ( P = 0.004 and 0.009, respectively), and between PC1 and ESD ( P = 0.003). Conclusions: Lower microbial richness in Upper Digestive Tract was independently associated with both cancer-predisposing states in the esophagus and stomach (presence of ESD and lower PGI/II). Impact: These novel findings suggest that the Upper Digestive Tract microbiota may play a role in the etiology of chronic atrophic gastritis and ESD, and therefore in the development of gastric and esophageal cancers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(5); 735–41. ©2014 AACR . This article is featured in Highlights of This Issue, [p. 685][1] [1]: /lookup/volpage/23/685?iss=5
Guoqing Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the association between the Upper Digestive Tract microbiota by homim and oral health in a population based study in linxian china
BMC Public Health, 2014Co-Authors: Bruce A. Dye, Guoqing Wang, Mitchell H. Gail, Jianxin Shi, Bruce J. Paster, Vanja Klepacceraj, Wenqiang Wei, Jin-hu FanAbstract:Bacteria affect oral health, but few studies have systematically examined the role of bacterial communities in oral diseases. We examined this relationship in a large population-based Chinese cancer screening cohort. Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarrays were used to test for the presence of 272 human oral bacterial species (97 genera) in Upper Digestive Tract (UDT) samples collected from 659 participants. Oral health was assessed using US NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) protocols. We assessed both dental health (total teeth missing; tooth decay; and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) score) and periodontal health (bleeding on probing (BoP) extent score, loss of attachment extent score, and a periodontitis summary estimate). Microbial richness, estimated by number of genera per sample, was positively correlated with BoP score (P = 0.015), but negatively correlated with tooth decay and DMFT score (P = 0.008 and 0.022 respectively). Regarding β-diversity, as estimated by the UniFrac distance matrix for pairwise differences among samples, at least one of the first three principal components of the UniFrac distance matrix was correlated with the number of missing teeth, tooth decay, DMFT, BoP, or periodontitis. Of the examined genera, Parvimonas was positively associated with BoP and periodontitis. Veillonellacease [G-1] was associated with a high DMFT score, and Filifactor and Peptostreptococcus were associated with a low DMFT score. Our results suggest distinct relationships between UDT microbiota and dental and periodontal health. Poor dental health was associated with a less microbial diversity, whereas poor periodontal health was associated with more diversity and the presence of potentially pathogenic species.
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association between Upper Digestive Tract microbiota and cancer predisposing states in the esophagus and stomach
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 2014Co-Authors: Mitchell H. Gail, Guoqing Wang, Youlin Qiao, Jin-hu Fan, Jianxin Shi, Bruce J. Paster, Bruce A. Dye, Vanja Klepacceraj, Wenqiang Wei, S M DawseyAbstract:Background: The human Upper Digestive Tract microbial community (microbiota) is not well characterized and few studies have explored how it relates to human health. We examined the relationship between Upper Digestive Tract microbiota and two cancer-predisposing states, serum pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratio (PGI/II; predictor of gastric cancer risk) and esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD; the precursor lesion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; ESCC) in a cross-sectional design. Methods: The Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray was used to test for the presence of 272 bacterial species in 333 Upper Digestive Tract samples from a Chinese cancer screening cohort. Serum PGI and PGII were determined by ELISA. ESD was determined by chromoendoscopy with biopsy. Results: Lower microbial richness (number of bacterial genera per sample) was significantly associated with lower PGI/II ratio ( P = 0.034) and the presence of ESD ( P = 0.018). We conducted principal component (PC) analysis on a β-diversity matrix (pairwise difference in microbiota), and observed significant correlations between PC1, PC3, and PGI/II ( P = 0.004 and 0.009, respectively), and between PC1 and ESD ( P = 0.003). Conclusions: Lower microbial richness in Upper Digestive Tract was independently associated with both cancer-predisposing states in the esophagus and stomach (presence of ESD and lower PGI/II). Impact: These novel findings suggest that the Upper Digestive Tract microbiota may play a role in the etiology of chronic atrophic gastritis and ESD, and therefore in the development of gastric and esophageal cancers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(5); 735–41. ©2014 AACR . This article is featured in Highlights of This Issue, [p. 685][1] [1]: /lookup/volpage/23/685?iss=5
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double blind randomized control trial of occult blood bead test and gastroscopy pathology screening for Upper Digestive Tract cancer
World Journal of Gastroenterology, 1998Co-Authors: Dexing Qin, Guoqing Wang, Zuyu WangAbstract:Double blind randomized control trial of occult blood bead test and gastroscopy-pathology screening for Upper Digestive Tract cancer
