The Experts below are selected from a list of 21276 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zhongqi Cheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterizing Urban Soils in New York City: profile properties and bacterial communities
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2017Co-Authors: Hermine Huot, Jessica Joyner, Alonso Córdoba, Richard K. Shaw, Michael A. Wilson, Roxanne Walker, Theodore R. Muth, Zhongqi ChengAbstract:Purpose The influence of human activities on the development and functioning of Urban Soils and their profile characteristics is still inadequately understood. Microbial communities can change due to anthropogenic distUrbances and it is unclear how they exist along Urban soil profiles. This study investigates the dynamic soil properties (DSPs) and the bacterial communities along the profiles of Urban Soils in New York City (NYC) with varying degree of human distUrbances. Materials and methods Eleven pedons were investigated across NYC as well as one control soil in a nearby non-Urban area. Six Soils are formed in naturally deposited materials (ND) and five in human-altered and human-transported materials (HAHT). For each soil, the profile was described and each horizon was sampled to assess DSPs and the bacterial community composition and diversity. Results and discussion The development and the DSPs of NYC Soils are influenced by the incorporation of HAHT materials and atmospheric deposits. The most abundant bacterial taxa observed in the NYC Soils are also present in most natural and Urban Soils worldwide. The bacterial diversity was lower in some Soils formed in ND materials, in which the contribution of low-abundance taxa was more restricted. Some differences in bacterial community composition separated the Soils formed in ND materials and in dredged sediments from the Soils formed in high artifact fill and serpentinite till. Changes in bacterial community composition between soil horizons were more noticeable in Urban Soils formed in ND materials than in those formed in HAHT materials which display less differentiated profiles and in the non-Urban highly weathered soil. Conclusions The bacterial diversity is not linked to the degree of distUrbance of the Urban Soils but the variations in community composition between pedons and along soil profiles could be the result of changes in soil development and properties related to human activities and should be consistently characterized in Urban Soils.
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Characterizing Urban Soils in New York City: profile properties and bacterial communities
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2016Co-Authors: Hermine Huot, Jessica Joyner, Alonso Córdoba, Richard K. Shaw, Michael A. Wilson, Roxanne Walker, Theodore R. Muth, Zhongqi ChengAbstract:Purpose The influence of human activities on the development and functioning of Urban Soils and their profile characteristics is still inadequately understood. Microbial communities can change due to anthropogenic distUrbances and it is unclear how they exist along Urban soil profiles. This study investigates the dynamic soil properties (DSPs) and the bacterial communities along the profiles of Urban Soils in New York City (NYC) with varying degree of human distUrbances.
Lena Q - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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background concentrations of trace metals as ba cd co cu ni pb se and zn in 214 florida Urban Soils different cities and land uses
Environmental Pollution, 2020Co-Authors: Evandro B Da Silva, Peng Gao, Dongxing Guan, Xianjin Tang, Lena QAbstract:Soil contamination in Urban environment by trace metals is of public concerns. For better risk assessment, it is important to determine their background concentrations in Urban Soils. For this study, we determined the background concentrations of 9 trace metals including As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn in 214 Urban Soils in Florida from two large cities (Orlando and Tampa) and 4 small cities (Clay County, Ocala, Pensacola and West Palm Beach). The objectives were to determine: 1) total concentrations of trace metals in Urban Soils in cities of different size; 2) compare background concentrations to Florida Soil Cleanup Target Levels (FSCTLs); and 3) determine their distribution and variability in Urban Soils via multivariate statistical analysis. Elemental concentrations in Urban Soils were variable, with Pb being the highest in 5 cities (165-552 mg kg-1) and Zn being the highest concentration in Tampa (1,000 mg kg-1). Besides, the As and Pb concentrations in some Soils exceeded the FSCTL for residential sites at 2.1 mg kg-1 As and 400 mg kg-1 Pb. Among the cities, Clay County and Orlando had the lowest concentrations for most elements, with Cd, Co, and As being the lowest while Ba, Pb and Zn being the highest. Among all values, geometric means were the lowest while 95th percentile was the highest for all metals. Most 95th percentile values were 2-3 folds higher than the GM data, with Pb presenting the greatest difference, being 4 times greater than GM value (58.9 vs. 13.6 mg kg-1). Still they were lower than FSCTL, with As exceeding FSCTL for residential sites at 2.1 mg kg-1. In addition, the linear discriminate analysis showed distinct separation among the cities: Ocala (Ba & Ni) and Pensacola (As & Pb) were distinctly different from each other and from other cities with higher metal concentrations. The large variations among elemental concentrations showed the importance to establish proper background concentrations of trace metals in Urban Soils.
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pahs in Urban Soils of two florida cities background concentrations distribution and sources
Chemosphere, 2019Co-Authors: Yungen Liu, Evandro B Da Silva, Peng Gao, Lena Q, Letuzia M De Oliveira, Timothy G Townsend, Ping XiangAbstract:Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous organic contaminants, which are found in Soils throughout the U.S. The objective of this study was to determine the background concentrations, distributions, and sources of 16 USEPA priority PAHs in two Urban Soils. A total of 114 soil samples were collected from two large cities in Florida: Orlando and Tampa. The results showed that Soils were dominated by high molecular weight PAHs in both cities. The average ∑16-PAHs in Orlando and Tampa Soils were 3227 and 4562 μg kg−1, respectively. The averages of 7 carcinogenic PAHs based on the benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent (BaP-EQ) concentrations in the two cities were 452 and 802 μg kg−1. BaP-EQ concentrations in 60–62% of samples were higher than the Florida Soil Cleanup Target Level (FSCTL) for residential Soils at 100 μg kg−1 and 20–25% of samples were higher than FSCTL for industrial Soils at 700 μg kg−1. Based on molecular diagnostic ratios and PMF modeling, major sources of soil PAHs in both cities were similar, mainly from pyrogenic sources including vehicle emissions, and biomass and coal combustion. Based on ArcGIS mapping, PAH concentrations in Soils near business districts and high traffic roads were higher. Thus, it is important to consider background PAH concentrations in Urban Soils when considering soil remediation.
Chi Peng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mass balance-based regression modeling of Cd and Zn accumulation in Urban Soils of Beijing.
Journal of environmental sciences (China), 2016Co-Authors: Chi Peng, Meie Wang, Weiping Chen, Andrew C. Chang, John C. CrittendenAbstract:Accumulation of heavy metals in Urban soil can pose adverse impacts on public health and terrestrial ecosystems. We developed a mass balance-based regression model to simulate the heavy metal accumulation in Urban Soils as a function of time and to explore connections between metal concentration and Urbanization processes. Concentrations of Cd and Zn in 68 residential soil samples in the Urban area of Beijing were used. The background concentrations, the loss rates and the input fluxes of Cd and Zn in Urban Soils of Beijing during the last three decades were estimated using a regression of the time series of accumulations of the metals. Based on the regression estimates, we simulated the general trends of Cd and Zn accumulation in the Soils from 1978 to 2078. The concentrations of Cd and Zn in Urban soil generally increased with the population growth, vehicle use and coal consumption. The mean concentrations of Cd and Zn in Urban soil of Beijing would increase by 3 fold over the next 70years for the current development scenario. The mass balance-based regression approach, which is able to reconstruct the history data of Urban soil pollution, provides fundamental information for Urban planning and environmental management.
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identification of heavy metal pollutants using multivariate analysis and effects of land uses on their accumulation in Urban Soils in beijing china
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2012Co-Authors: Meie Wang, Bernd Markert, Weiping Chen, Chi Peng, Zhiyun OuyangAbstract:In order to evaluate the current state of the environmental quality of Soils in Beijing, we investigated contents of 14 metals in Beijing Urban Soils inside the 5th ring road by even grids sampling. Statistic analyses were conducted to identify possible heavy metal pollutants, as well as the effects of land uses on their accumulation. Our results revealed that the Urban Soils in Beijing were contaminated by Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn. Land uses and Urbanization ages affected the accumulation of the four heavy metals in Soils significantly. Soils in industrial areas have the highest average Cu and Zn contents, while Pb contents in park areas and Cd in agricultural areas are the highest. The accumulations of Pb and Zn in Urban Soils increase significantly with sampling plots approaching the city center. And Pb, Cd, and Zn contents in Soils in traffic areas also tend to increase in the city center. However, residential areas have the lowest contents of all the four heavy metals.
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polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Urban Soils of beijing status sources distribution and potential risk
Environmental Pollution, 2011Co-Authors: Chi Peng, Meie Wang, Weiping Chen, Zhiyun Ouyang, Xiaolan Liao, Wentao Jiao, Yang BaiAbstract:Abstract We studied the source, concentration, spatial distribution and health risk of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Soils of Beijing. The total mass concentration of 16 PAHs ranged from 93 to 13 141 μg kg −1 with a mean of 1228 μg kg −1 . The contour map of soil PAH concentrations showed that the industrial zone, the historical Hutong district and the university district of Beijing have significantly higher concentrations than those in remainder of the city. The results of sources identification suggested that the primary sources of PAHs were vehicle exhaust and coal combustion and the secondary source was the atmospheric deposition of long-range transported PAHs. The incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCRs) of exposing to PAHs in the Urban Soils of Beijing for adult were 1.77 × 10 −6 and 2.48 × 10 −5 , respectively under normal and extreme conditions. For child, they were 8.87 × 10 −7 and 6.72 × 10 −6 , respectively under normal and extreme conditions.
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Microbial biomass carbon and enzyme activities of Urban Soils in Beijing.
Environmental science and pollution research international, 2011Co-Authors: Meie Wang, Bernd Markert, Wenming Shen, Weiping Chen, Chi Peng, Zhiyun OuyangAbstract:Introduction To promote rational and sustainable use of soil resources and to maintain the Urban soil quality, it is essential to assess Urban ecosystem health. In this study, the microbiological properties of Urban Soils in Beijing and their spatial distribution patterns across the city were evaluated based on measurements of microbial biomass carbon and urease and invertase activities of the Soils for the purpose of assessing the Urban ecosystem health of Beijing.
Hermine Huot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterizing Urban Soils in New York City: profile properties and bacterial communities
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2017Co-Authors: Hermine Huot, Jessica Joyner, Alonso Córdoba, Richard K. Shaw, Michael A. Wilson, Roxanne Walker, Theodore R. Muth, Zhongqi ChengAbstract:Purpose The influence of human activities on the development and functioning of Urban Soils and their profile characteristics is still inadequately understood. Microbial communities can change due to anthropogenic distUrbances and it is unclear how they exist along Urban soil profiles. This study investigates the dynamic soil properties (DSPs) and the bacterial communities along the profiles of Urban Soils in New York City (NYC) with varying degree of human distUrbances. Materials and methods Eleven pedons were investigated across NYC as well as one control soil in a nearby non-Urban area. Six Soils are formed in naturally deposited materials (ND) and five in human-altered and human-transported materials (HAHT). For each soil, the profile was described and each horizon was sampled to assess DSPs and the bacterial community composition and diversity. Results and discussion The development and the DSPs of NYC Soils are influenced by the incorporation of HAHT materials and atmospheric deposits. The most abundant bacterial taxa observed in the NYC Soils are also present in most natural and Urban Soils worldwide. The bacterial diversity was lower in some Soils formed in ND materials, in which the contribution of low-abundance taxa was more restricted. Some differences in bacterial community composition separated the Soils formed in ND materials and in dredged sediments from the Soils formed in high artifact fill and serpentinite till. Changes in bacterial community composition between soil horizons were more noticeable in Urban Soils formed in ND materials than in those formed in HAHT materials which display less differentiated profiles and in the non-Urban highly weathered soil. Conclusions The bacterial diversity is not linked to the degree of distUrbance of the Urban Soils but the variations in community composition between pedons and along soil profiles could be the result of changes in soil development and properties related to human activities and should be consistently characterized in Urban Soils.
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Characterizing Urban Soils in New York City: profile properties and bacterial communities
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2016Co-Authors: Hermine Huot, Jessica Joyner, Alonso Córdoba, Richard K. Shaw, Michael A. Wilson, Roxanne Walker, Theodore R. Muth, Zhongqi ChengAbstract:Purpose The influence of human activities on the development and functioning of Urban Soils and their profile characteristics is still inadequately understood. Microbial communities can change due to anthropogenic distUrbances and it is unclear how they exist along Urban soil profiles. This study investigates the dynamic soil properties (DSPs) and the bacterial communities along the profiles of Urban Soils in New York City (NYC) with varying degree of human distUrbances.
Ruth Pereira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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risk assessment of Urban Soils contamination the particular case of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Science of The Total Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Anabela Cachada, Armando C. Duarte, Ferreira E Da Silva, Ruth PereiraAbstract:The assessment of soil quality and characterization of potential risks to the environment and human health can be a very difficult task due to the heterogeneity and complexity of the matrix, the poor understanding about the fate of contaminants in the soil matrix, scarcity of toxicological/ecotoxicological data and variability of guidelines. In Urban Soils these difficulties are enhanced by the patchy nature of Urban areas and the presence of complex mixtures of organic and inorganic contaminants resulting from diffuse pollution caused by Urban activities (e.g. traffic, industrial activity, and burning of carbon sources for heating). Yet, several tools are available which may help to assess the risks of soil contamination in a simpler, cost effective and reliable way. Within these tools, a tiered risk assessment (RA) approach, first based on a chemical screening in combination with geostatistical tools, may be very useful in Urban areas. However, there is still much to improve and a long way to go in order to obtain a reliable RA, especially in the case of hydrophobic organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This paper aims at proposing a RA framework to assess the environmental and human health risks of PAHs present in Urban Soils, based on existing models. In addition, a review on ecotoxicological, toxicological, and exposure assessment data was made, as well as of the existing soil quality guidelines for PAHs that can be used in the RA process.
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Assessment of fatty acid as a differentiator of usages of Urban Soils
Chemosphere, 2010Co-Authors: Lurdes I.b. Silva, Anabela Cachada, Ana C. Freitas, Ruth Pereira, Teresa Rocha-santos, Armando C. DuarteAbstract:Abstract The determination of fatty acids (FA) has been extensively used as a sensitive and reproducible parameter for characterizing the soil microorganism communities and to detect various environmental stresses. The aim of this study was to assess the variability of FA in Urban Soils, in an attempt to use it as a differentiator of Urban soil usage. FA were extracted from Soils of five different usages (ornamental gardens, ornamental gardens/roadsides, roadsides, parks and Urban agricultural areas) in three Portuguese cities and FA concentration was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS). A total of fifteen FA have been detected and the concentration of each FA, in general, decreased in the following order: Lisbon > Estarreja > Viseu, for all the usages of Urban soil. According to soil microbial indicators, the concentration of Gram-negative bacteria was lower than the concentration of Gram-positive bacteria, which together were, in turn, higher than the concentration of fungi for all the usages of Urban soil and city. This study assessed the FA profiles of Urban Soils, which differ as a function of soil usage. The FA profile also is at the source of the inference that stress in soil microorganism communities results from the different Urban environment in each city.
