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Robert W. Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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diversidad de artropodos ectoparasitos de zorra gris Urocyon cinereoargenteus y perros domesticos en el centro de mexico
Southwestern Entomologist, 2019Co-Authors: Norma Hernandezcamacho, Robert W. Jones, Salvador Zamoraledesma, Brenda Camachomacias, Marco Antonio Morenoperez, Roxana Acostagutierrez, Maria Del Carmen Guzmancornejo, Ruben Pinedalopez, Santiago VergarapinedaAbstract:El estudio de las comunidades de artropodos parasitos en la fauna silvestre y peridomestica en la interfase urbana-rural-natural es de importancia para la salud publica, ya que estas comunidades pueden servir de enlace entre posibles patogenos zoonoticos que se encuentran en los artropodos parasitos y el ser humano. Ese es el caso de la zorra gris (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) y de los perros peridomesticos (Canis lupus familiaris) en el centro de Mexico, los cuales presentan la posibilidad de intercambio de especies parasiticas entre los dos canidos. El presente estudio fue realizado en el centro de Mexico, en donde se revisaron nueve zorras grises y 21 perros peridomesticos para conocer las especies de artropodos parasitos. Se colectaron 339 ectoparasitos, siete especies de sifonapteros pertenecientes a tres familias y seis generos (324 individuos), y 15 garrapatas pertenecientes a familia Ixodidae. Ambas especies de canidos presentaron una riqueza muy similar con seis especies de ectoparasitos, pero la estructura de la comunidad fue diferente. La especie dominante fue Pulex simulans, la cual puede jugar el papel de vector de enfermedades zoonoticas de importancia. Las diferencias entre ambas comunidades de ectoparasitos muestran que, pese al uso compartido del habitat por parte de ambos canidos, existen especies de pulgas mas comunes en la zorra gris que en los perros, y que reflejan de manera indirecta la diferencia del uso del ambiente en donde habitan estas especies de carnivoros.
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Gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) parasite diversity in central Mexico.
International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, 2016Co-Authors: Norma Hernández-camacho, Raúl Pineda-lópez, María De Jesús Guerrero-carrillo, Germinal Jorge Cantó-alarcón, Robert W. Jones, Marco Antonio Moreno-pérez, Juan Joel Mosqueda-gualito, Salvador Zamora-ledesma, Brenda Camacho-macíasAbstract:Mexico has a long history of parasitological studies in communities of vertebrates. However, the mega diversity of the country makes fauna inventories an ongoing priority. Presently, there is little published on the parasite fauna of gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schereber, 1775) and this study provides new records of parasites for gray foxes in central Mexico. It is a continuation of a series of previous parasitological studies conducted with this carnivore in Mexico from 2003 to the present. A total of 24 foxes in the Parque Nacional El Cimatario (PANEC) were trapped, anaesthetized, and parasites recovered. The species found were Dirofilaria immitis, Ctenocephalides canis, C. felis, Euhoplopsillus glacialis affinis (first report for gray foxes in Mexico) Pulex simulants, and Ixodes sp. Three additional gray fox carcasses were necropsied and the parasites collected were adult nematodes Physaloptera praeputialis and Toxocara canis. The intensive study of the gray fox population selected for the 2013–2015 recent period allowed for a two-fold increase in the number of parasite species recorded for this carnivore since 2003 (nine to 18 parasite species), mainly recording parasitic arthropods, Dirofilaria immitis filariae and adult nematodes. The parasite species recorded are generalists that can survive in anthropic environments; which is characteristic of the present ecological scenario in central Mexico. The close proximity of the PANEC to the city of Santiago de Queretaro suggests possible parasite transmission between the foxes and domestic and feral dogs. Furthermore, packs of feral dogs in the PANEC might have altered habitat use by foxes, with possible impacts on transmission.
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Presence of trypanosomatid antibodies in gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) and domestic and feral dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) in Queretaro, Mexico.
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Salvador Zamora-ledesma, Norma Hernández-camacho, Robert W. Jones, Marco Antonio Moreno-pérez, María Elena Villagrán-herrera, Manuel Sánchez-moreno, Fanny Guadalupe Concha-valdez, Brenda Camacho-macíasAbstract:Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. are vector-borne parasitic protozoa, the causative agents of Chagas and Leishmaniasis diseases, respectively. Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. have been reported in a wide variety of mammals, including canids, which play an important role in the transmission of these parasites between urban and natural environments. Currently, no studies have been conducted on trypanosomatids in wild canids in Mexico. Using a partially purified fraction of excreted Iron Superoxide dismutase (FeSODe) of T. cruzi, L. mexicana, and L. infantum as antigen for the ELISA and Western blot tests, we detected the presence of antibodies against these parasites in gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schreber, 1775), domestic and feral dogs (Canis lupus familiaris L.) from Queretaro. Our study provides new information regarding the potential of these carnivores as reservoirs of T. cruzi, Leishmania mexicana, and L. infantum for Latin America.
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presencia de filarias de dirofilaria immitis spirurida onchocercidae en zorra gris Urocyon cinereoargenteus en mexico dirofilaria immitis spirurida onchocercidae filariae in gray fox Urocyon cinereoargenteus in mexico
Revista Mexicana De Biodiversidad, 2015Co-Authors: Norma Hernandezcamacho, Robert W. Jones, Germinal Jorge Cantoalarcon, Salvador Zamoraledesma, Jeanette Marisol Ruizbotello, Brenda CamachomaciasAbstract:The study of the parasite fauna of Mexican wild canids is relevant because of their potential as sentinel species for ecosystem health. The following study was conducted in a suburban area in Santiago de Queretaro, Mexico. We registered Dirofilaria immitis filariae in a gray fox male Urocyon cinereoargenteus blood sample on November of 2013. Further analysis showed there were not adult heartworms infecting the gray fox indicating that the animal was in the initial stages of infection. There are previous records of D. immitis in coyotes and stray dogs in Queretaro, but this nematode has yet to be registered in this host species. All Rights Reserved © 2015 Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia. This is an open access item distributed under the Creative Commons CC License BY-NC-ND 4.0.
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presencia de filarias de dirofilaria immitis spirurida onchocercidae en zorra gris Urocyon cinereoargenteus en mexico
Revista Mexicana De Biodiversidad, 2015Co-Authors: Norma Hernandezcamacho, Robert W. Jones, Germinal Jorge Cantoalarcon, Salvador Zamoraledesma, Jeanette Marisol Ruizbotello, Brenda CamachomaciasAbstract:El estudio de la parasitofauna de carnivoros silvestres es indispensable por su potencial uso como especies centinelas de la salud de los ecosistemas. Este estudio se llevo a cabo en la zona conurbada de Santiago de Queretaro, Mexico, en donde se registro la presencia de filarias del nematodo Dirofilaria immitis por medio de frotis sanguineos en una zorra gris macho Urocyon cinereoargenteus, capturado en noviembre de 2013. Analisis posteriores senalaron la ausencia de nematodos adultos en el corazon del canido, pese al registro de las filarias en sangre. Se cuenta con registros previos de D. immitis en coyotes en Queretaro, pero se desconocia su presencia en este canido silvestre.
Raymond M. Sauvajot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Activity and Distribution of Gray Foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) in Southern California
The Southwestern Naturalist, 2012Co-Authors: Verónica Farías, Todd K. Fuller, Raymond M. SauvajotAbstract:Abstract To identify activity patterns and distribution of gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) in chaparral and sage-scrub habitat in southern California, we used radiotelemetry to monitor 18 foxes during May 1997–April 1999. For comparison, we used simultaneously collected telemetry data on sympatric coyotes (Canis latrans) and bobcats (Lynx rufus). Gray foxes mainly were crepuscular and nocturnal with a daily activity rate of 60% in the summer dry season and 56% in the winter wet season. Gray foxes preferred northern mixed chaparral, used coastal sage scrub and coast live oak woodland more than chamise chaparral, had non-preference for valley oak woodland and non-native grassland, and did not use developed suburban areas. These data, in comparison with behavioral data for other carnivores, support the contention that sympatric carnivores, mainly coyotes but possibly bobcats, may strongly influence the population of gray foxes in southern California, as gray foxes appear to avoid times and habitats whe...
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survival and cause specific mortality of gray foxes Urocyon cinereoargenteus in southern california
Journal of Zoology, 2005Co-Authors: Verónica Farías, Robert K Wayne, Todd K. Fuller, Raymond M. SauvajotAbstract:From May 1997 to July 1999, 24 gray foxes Urocyon cinereoargenteus were radio-marked and their fates monitored in a natural area of southern California to identify rates of survival and cause-specific mortality, and thus to assess population sustainability. Pup (0.4–1.0 years old) foxes had an 8-month (September–April) survival rate (0.34) that was lower than the 8-month (0.77) or 12-month (0.58) estimates for adult foxes. Interference competition was evident; 92% (11/12) of fox mortalities were the result of predation by sympatric coyotes Canis latrans or bobcats Felis rufus . Also, five of seven gray fox mortalities were outside of, or on the border of, the home range of the killed fox. Calculations indicated that the fox population would remain stable if survival of pups during their first 4 months of life was 0.68 ( vs 0.75 for adults during these months and 0.58 for older pups for 4 other months). This seems reasonable, yet sympatric carnivores, mainly coyotes, clearly influence the gray fox population in southern California.
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Survival and cause‐specific mortality of gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) in southern California
Journal of Zoology, 2005Co-Authors: Verónica Farías, Robert K Wayne, Todd K. Fuller, Raymond M. SauvajotAbstract:From May 1997 to July 1999, 24 gray foxes Urocyon cinereoargenteus were radio-marked and their fates monitored in a natural area of southern California to identify rates of survival and cause-specific mortality, and thus to assess population sustainability. Pup (0.4–1.0 years old) foxes had an 8-month (September–April) survival rate (0.34) that was lower than the 8-month (0.77) or 12-month (0.58) estimates for adult foxes. Interference competition was evident; 92% (11/12) of fox mortalities were the result of predation by sympatric coyotes Canis latrans or bobcats Felis rufus . Also, five of seven gray fox mortalities were outside of, or on the border of, the home range of the killed fox. Calculations indicated that the fox population would remain stable if survival of pups during their first 4 months of life was 0.68 ( vs 0.75 for adults during these months and 0.58 for older pups for 4 other months). This seems reasonable, yet sympatric carnivores, mainly coyotes, clearly influence the gray fox population in southern California.
Verónica Farías - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Abundancia relativa de la zorra gris Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Carnívora: Canidae) en la zona centro de Veracruz, México
Revista de Biología Tropical, 2016Co-Authors: Sonia Gallina, Paloma López Colunga, Carolina Valdespino, Verónica FaríasAbstract:The gray fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus, is a medium-size canid widely distributed in Mexico. Most studies on this species focus on habitat use, home range, diet, intraguild competence, and lanscape distribution between urban and rural sites. In central Veracruz, gray foxes are present in fragments of cloud forest and in shaded coffee plantations; nevertheless, its abundance has not yet been compared among other vegetation types found in the area, such as sugarcane plantations. In this study we described gray foxes abundance variations using 500 m transects, among sugarcane plantations, shaded coffee plantations, and cloud forest fragments throughout eight months, by scat counting in three sites of each cover type. We reported the relative abundance index for each cover type and each month, and evaluated its relationship with four landscape features: (a) shade percent, (b) trail density, (c) human population density, and (d) habitat juxtaposition, in influence areas of 450 ha around sampling sites. Abundance comparison among cover types showed lower abundances in cloud forest fragments and higher abundances in coffee and sugarcane plantations. No significant differences were found throughout months (p = 0.476). We proposed that higher abundances in plantations may be related to the presence of rodent plagues and fruit trees which offer food resources to gray foxes. The evaluation of landscape features showed that only medium-impact trail density and human population density were positively correlated with gray fox abundance; fact that demonstrates that this canid can coexist with humans in rural sites. We highlight the gray fox capacity to take advantage of heterogeneous landscapes.
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Activity and Distribution of Gray Foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) in Southern California
The Southwestern Naturalist, 2012Co-Authors: Verónica Farías, Todd K. Fuller, Raymond M. SauvajotAbstract:Abstract To identify activity patterns and distribution of gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) in chaparral and sage-scrub habitat in southern California, we used radiotelemetry to monitor 18 foxes during May 1997–April 1999. For comparison, we used simultaneously collected telemetry data on sympatric coyotes (Canis latrans) and bobcats (Lynx rufus). Gray foxes mainly were crepuscular and nocturnal with a daily activity rate of 60% in the summer dry season and 56% in the winter wet season. Gray foxes preferred northern mixed chaparral, used coastal sage scrub and coast live oak woodland more than chamise chaparral, had non-preference for valley oak woodland and non-native grassland, and did not use developed suburban areas. These data, in comparison with behavioral data for other carnivores, support the contention that sympatric carnivores, mainly coyotes but possibly bobcats, may strongly influence the population of gray foxes in southern California, as gray foxes appear to avoid times and habitats whe...
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survival and cause specific mortality of gray foxes Urocyon cinereoargenteus in southern california
Journal of Zoology, 2005Co-Authors: Verónica Farías, Robert K Wayne, Todd K. Fuller, Raymond M. SauvajotAbstract:From May 1997 to July 1999, 24 gray foxes Urocyon cinereoargenteus were radio-marked and their fates monitored in a natural area of southern California to identify rates of survival and cause-specific mortality, and thus to assess population sustainability. Pup (0.4–1.0 years old) foxes had an 8-month (September–April) survival rate (0.34) that was lower than the 8-month (0.77) or 12-month (0.58) estimates for adult foxes. Interference competition was evident; 92% (11/12) of fox mortalities were the result of predation by sympatric coyotes Canis latrans or bobcats Felis rufus . Also, five of seven gray fox mortalities were outside of, or on the border of, the home range of the killed fox. Calculations indicated that the fox population would remain stable if survival of pups during their first 4 months of life was 0.68 ( vs 0.75 for adults during these months and 0.58 for older pups for 4 other months). This seems reasonable, yet sympatric carnivores, mainly coyotes, clearly influence the gray fox population in southern California.
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Survival and cause‐specific mortality of gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) in southern California
Journal of Zoology, 2005Co-Authors: Verónica Farías, Robert K Wayne, Todd K. Fuller, Raymond M. SauvajotAbstract:From May 1997 to July 1999, 24 gray foxes Urocyon cinereoargenteus were radio-marked and their fates monitored in a natural area of southern California to identify rates of survival and cause-specific mortality, and thus to assess population sustainability. Pup (0.4–1.0 years old) foxes had an 8-month (September–April) survival rate (0.34) that was lower than the 8-month (0.77) or 12-month (0.58) estimates for adult foxes. Interference competition was evident; 92% (11/12) of fox mortalities were the result of predation by sympatric coyotes Canis latrans or bobcats Felis rufus . Also, five of seven gray fox mortalities were outside of, or on the border of, the home range of the killed fox. Calculations indicated that the fox population would remain stable if survival of pups during their first 4 months of life was 0.68 ( vs 0.75 for adults during these months and 0.58 for older pups for 4 other months). This seems reasonable, yet sympatric carnivores, mainly coyotes, clearly influence the gray fox population in southern California.
David S. Lindsay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Survey of Antibodies to Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. in Gray and Red Fox Populations From North Carolina and Virginia
Journal of Parasitology, 2010Co-Authors: Alexa C. Rosypal, Shanesha Tripp, Samantha Lewis, Joy Francis, Michael K. Stoskopf, R. Scott Larsen, David S. LindsayAbstract:Abstract American trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis are caused by related hemoflagellate parasites, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp., which share several common host species. Both zoonotic protozoans are endemic in the United States. Canines, including domestic and wild canids, are reservoir hosts for human infections with T. cruzi and Leishmania spp. The present study examined the seroprevalence of T. cruzi and Leishmania spp. in wild canids from North Carolina and Virginia. Wild canine species tested in this work included 49 gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) and 5 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Overall, sera samples from 54 foxes (North Carolina = 43; Virginia = 11) were tested by immunochromatographic strip assays (ICT). Antibodies to T. cruzi were found in 4 (9%) gray foxes from North Carolina and 2 (18%) gray foxes from Virginia. Antibodies to Leishmania spp. were detected in 1 (2%) gray fox from North Carolina. Our results indicate that wild canids are exposed more frequently to T. cruzi in...
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Prevalence of Antibodies to Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi in Wild Canids From South Carolina
Journal of Parasitology, 2007Co-Authors: Alexa C. Rosypal, Richard R. Tidwell, David S. LindsayAbstract:Wild canids are reservoir hosts for Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi. The present study examined the prevalence of antibodies to these zoonotic parasites in a population of wild canids from a nonagricultural setting in South Carolina. Sera from 26 gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) and 2 coyotes (Canis latrans) were examined for antibodies to L. infantum and T. cruzi using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test and commercially available parasite-specific immunochromatigraphic strip assays. Antibodies to L. infantum were not detected by either assay in gray foxes or coyotes. Two (8%) of 26 gray foxes were positive in both the T. cruzi immunofluorescent antibody and strip assays. Antibodies to T. cruzi were not detected in coyotes. Results from this study indicate that wild canids are exposed to T. cruzi, but not L. infantum. in this geographic region.
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Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) from South Carolina.
Veterinary Parasitology, 2001Co-Authors: David S. Lindsay, J.l Weston, S. E. LittleAbstract:Little is known about the epidemiology of Neospora caninum in wild mammal populations. It has been suggested that a sylvatic cycle exists for N. caninum. Dogs and potentially other canids are a definitive host for N. caninum. The present study was done to determine the prevalence of antibodies to N. caninum in a population of gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) from a nonagricultural setting in South Carolina. We also determined the prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in these animals. Antibody levels were measured in direct agglutination tests using either N. caninum or T. gondii formalin-fixed tachyzoites as antigen. Four (15.4%) of the 26 gray foxes had titers to N. caninum. Titers to N. caninum were low being 1:25 in three gray foxes and 1:50 in the fourth gray fox. Antibodies to T. gondii were observed in 16 (61.5%) gray foxes. Titers to T. gondii were usually >1:50 and two gray foxes had titers of 1:1600. Results of this study indicate that gray foxes have more exposure to T. gondii than to N. caninum in this environment.
Norma Hernández-camacho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) parasite diversity in central Mexico.
International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, 2016Co-Authors: Norma Hernández-camacho, Raúl Pineda-lópez, María De Jesús Guerrero-carrillo, Germinal Jorge Cantó-alarcón, Robert W. Jones, Marco Antonio Moreno-pérez, Juan Joel Mosqueda-gualito, Salvador Zamora-ledesma, Brenda Camacho-macíasAbstract:Mexico has a long history of parasitological studies in communities of vertebrates. However, the mega diversity of the country makes fauna inventories an ongoing priority. Presently, there is little published on the parasite fauna of gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schereber, 1775) and this study provides new records of parasites for gray foxes in central Mexico. It is a continuation of a series of previous parasitological studies conducted with this carnivore in Mexico from 2003 to the present. A total of 24 foxes in the Parque Nacional El Cimatario (PANEC) were trapped, anaesthetized, and parasites recovered. The species found were Dirofilaria immitis, Ctenocephalides canis, C. felis, Euhoplopsillus glacialis affinis (first report for gray foxes in Mexico) Pulex simulants, and Ixodes sp. Three additional gray fox carcasses were necropsied and the parasites collected were adult nematodes Physaloptera praeputialis and Toxocara canis. The intensive study of the gray fox population selected for the 2013–2015 recent period allowed for a two-fold increase in the number of parasite species recorded for this carnivore since 2003 (nine to 18 parasite species), mainly recording parasitic arthropods, Dirofilaria immitis filariae and adult nematodes. The parasite species recorded are generalists that can survive in anthropic environments; which is characteristic of the present ecological scenario in central Mexico. The close proximity of the PANEC to the city of Santiago de Queretaro suggests possible parasite transmission between the foxes and domestic and feral dogs. Furthermore, packs of feral dogs in the PANEC might have altered habitat use by foxes, with possible impacts on transmission.
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Presence of trypanosomatid antibodies in gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) and domestic and feral dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) in Queretaro, Mexico.
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Salvador Zamora-ledesma, Norma Hernández-camacho, Robert W. Jones, Marco Antonio Moreno-pérez, María Elena Villagrán-herrera, Manuel Sánchez-moreno, Fanny Guadalupe Concha-valdez, Brenda Camacho-macíasAbstract:Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. are vector-borne parasitic protozoa, the causative agents of Chagas and Leishmaniasis diseases, respectively. Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. have been reported in a wide variety of mammals, including canids, which play an important role in the transmission of these parasites between urban and natural environments. Currently, no studies have been conducted on trypanosomatids in wild canids in Mexico. Using a partially purified fraction of excreted Iron Superoxide dismutase (FeSODe) of T. cruzi, L. mexicana, and L. infantum as antigen for the ELISA and Western blot tests, we detected the presence of antibodies against these parasites in gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schreber, 1775), domestic and feral dogs (Canis lupus familiaris L.) from Queretaro. Our study provides new information regarding the potential of these carnivores as reservoirs of T. cruzi, Leishmania mexicana, and L. infantum for Latin America.
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Nematodes parasites of the gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schreber, 1775) in the seasonally dry tropical highlands of central Mexico
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Norma Hernández-camacho, Raúl Pineda-lópez, Carlos A. López-gonzález, Robert W. JonesAbstract:The gray fox ( Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schreber, 1775) is the most abundant and opportunistic wild canid in Mexico. However, the parasites of this canid in Mexico are poorly known, and an intensive parasite survey is lacking. A survey of gray fox parasitological feces was conducted in El Cimatario National Park, a protected area representative of the seasonally dry, tropical highlands of Mexico. Feces were collected in six 1-km-length transects during the summer of 2003 and spring of 2004. The coproparasitoscopical survey registered nine species of nematodes, typical of wild and domestic canids such as Strongyloides stercoralis, Uncinaria stenocephala, Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Dioctophyme renale, Trichuris vulpis, Trichuris sp., and Capillaria sp. Ecological factors such as temperature and humidity appear to play a more important role in the establishment of these species of parasites in this protected area than the presence of domestic dogs.
