The Experts below are selected from a list of 258 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kalman Vanky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Farysia unciniae sp. nov. (Ustilaginomycetes) on Uncinia (Cyperaceae) from Chile
2016Co-Authors: Kalman Vanky, Dominik BegerowAbstract:Th e genus Farysia Racib. (Ustilaginales G.P. Clinton, emend. R. Bauer & Oberw.) is characterised by sori in single fl owers of host plants in the Cyperaceae. When young the sori are covered by a fungal peridium which bursts at maturity disclosing th
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eriocortex eriocauli gen et sp nov Ustilaginomycetes from australia
MYCOBIOTA, 2013Co-Authors: Kalman Vanky, R G Shivas, Matthew D Barrett, Matthias LutzAbstract:A new genus, Eriocortex is proposed to accommodate a peculiar, new smut fungus, E. eriocauli, collected in Australia on Eriocaulon scullionii.
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sporisorium emariae sp nov Ustilaginomycetes on sclerachne punctata poaceae
Mycobiota, 2013Co-Authors: Kalman VankyAbstract:A new species of Sporisorium, S. emariae on Sclerachne punctata (Poaceae), is descri bed and illustrated from Transcaucasia, Republic of Georgia.
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two new species of moreaua Ustilaginomycetes on antinoscheoenus and chrysitrix from western australia
Mycologia Balcanica, 2011Co-Authors: R G Shivas, Matthew D Barrett, Russell L Barrett, Kalman VankyAbstract:Two new species of Moreaua are described from endemic species of Cyperaceae (sedges) in Western Australia. Moreaua actinoschoeni occurs on Actinoschoenus sp. in the far north, and M. chrysitricis occurs on Chrysitrix distigmatosa in the mid west. Th ese are the fi rst smut fungi to be found on these two genera of sedges. Moreaua chrysitricis is the third smut fungus to have been found on a sedge in the subfamily Mapanioideae.
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farysia unciniae sp nov Ustilaginomycetes on uncinia cyperaceae from chile
2007Co-Authors: Kalman Vanky, Dominik BegerowAbstract:Th e fi rst Farysia which is not on a Carex, F. unciniae is described on Uncinia multifaria from Chile.
Dominik Begerow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Farysia unciniae sp. nov. (Ustilaginomycetes) on Uncinia (Cyperaceae) from Chile
2016Co-Authors: Kalman Vanky, Dominik BegerowAbstract:Th e genus Farysia Racib. (Ustilaginales G.P. Clinton, emend. R. Bauer & Oberw.) is characterised by sori in single fl owers of host plants in the Cyperaceae. When young the sori are covered by a fungal peridium which bursts at maturity disclosing th
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multigene phylogeny and taxonomic revision of yeasts and related fungi in the ustilaginomycotina
Studies in Mycology, 2015Co-Authors: Q M Wang, Teun Boekhout, Dominik Begerow, Fengyan Bai, Marizeth Groenewald, Xinzhan Liu, Bart TheelenAbstract:The subphylum Ustilaginomycotina (Basidiomycota, Fungi) comprises mainly plant pathogenic fungi (smuts). Some of the lineages possess cultivable unicellular stages that are usually classified as yeast or yeast-like species in a largely artificial taxonomic system which is independent from and largely incompatible with that of the smut fungi. Here we performed phylogenetic analyses based on seven genes including three nuclear ribosomal RNA genes and four protein coding genes to address the molecular phylogeny of the ustilaginomycetous yeast species and their filamentous counterparts. Taxonomic revisions were proposed to reflect this phylogeny and to implement the ‘One Fungus = One Name’ principle. The results confirmed that the yeast-containing classes Malasseziomycetes, Moniliellomycetes and Ustilaginomycetes are monophyletic, whereas Exobasidiomycetes in the current sense remains paraphyletic. Four new genera, namely Dirkmeia gen. nov., Kalmanozyma gen. nov., Golubevia gen. nov. and Robbauera gen. nov. are proposed to accommodate Pseudozyma and Tilletiopsis species that are distinct from the other smut taxa and belong to clades that are separate from those containing type species of the hitherto described genera. Accordingly, new orders Golubeviales ord. nov. with Golubeviaceae fam. nov. and Robbauerales ord. nov. with Robbaueraceae fam. nov. are proposed to accommodate the sisterhood of Golubevia gen. nov. and Robbauera gen. nov. with other orders of Exobasidiomycetes. The majority of the remaining anamorphic yeast species are transferred to corresponding teleomorphic genera based on strongly supported phylogenetic affinities, resulting in the proposal of 28 new combinations. The taxonomic status of a few Pseudozyma species remains to be determined because of their uncertain phylogenetic positions. We propose to use the term pro tempore or pro tem. in abbreviation to indicate the single-species lineages that are temporarily maintained.
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STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY 55: 289–298. 2006. Phylogeny of the Quambalariaceae fam. nov., including important Eucalyptus pathogens in South Africa and Australia
2013Co-Authors: Wilhelm Z. De Beer, Robert Bauer, Dominik Begerow, Geoff S. Pegg, Pedro W. Crous, Michael JAbstract:Abstract: The genus Quambalaria consists of plant-pathogenic fungi causing disease on leaves and shoots of species of Eucalyptus and its close relative, Corymbia. The phylogenetic relationship of Quambalaria spp., previously classified in genera such as Sporothrix and Ramularia, has never been addressed. It has, however, been suggested that they belong to the basidiomycete orders Exobasidiales or Ustilaginales. The aim of this study was thus to consider the ordinal relationships of Q. eucalypti and Q. pitereka using ribosomal LSU sequences. Sequence data from the ITS nrDNA were used to determine the phylogenetic relationship of the two Quambalaria species together with Fugomyces (= Cerinosterus) cyanescens. In addition to sequence data, the ultrastructure of the septal pores of the species in question was compared. From the LSU sequence data it was concluded that Quambalaria spp. and F. cyanescens form a monophyletic clade in the Microstromatales, an order of the Ustilaginomycetes. Sequences from the ITS region confirmed that Q. pitereka and Q. eucalypti are distinct species. The ex-type isolate of F. cyanescens, together with another isolate from Eucalyptus in Australia, constitute a third species of Quambalaria, Q. cyanescens (de Hoog & G.A. de Vries) Z.W. de Beer, Begerow & R. Bauer comb. nov. Transmission electron-microscopic studies of the septal pores confirm that all three Quambalaria spp. have dolipores with swollen lips, which differ from other members of the Microstromatales (i.e. the Microstromatacea
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farysia unciniae sp nov Ustilaginomycetes on uncinia cyperaceae from chile
2007Co-Authors: Kalman Vanky, Dominik BegerowAbstract:Th e fi rst Farysia which is not on a Carex, F. unciniae is described on Uncinia multifaria from Chile.
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Phylogeny of the Quambalariaceae fam nov, including important Eucalyptlls pathogens
2006Co-Authors: Wilhelm Z. De Beer, Robert Bauer, Dominik Begerow, Geoff S. Pegg, Pedro W. Crous, Michael JAbstract:Abstract: The genus Quambalaria consists of plant-pathogenic fungi causing disease on leaves and shoots of species of Eucalyptus and its close relative, Corymbia. The phylogenetic relationship of Quambalaria spp., previously classified in genera such as Sporothrix and Ramularia, has never been addressed. It has, however, been suggested that they belong to the basidiomycete orders Exobasidiales or Ustilaginales. The aim of this study was thus to consider the ordinal relationships of Q. eucalypti and Q. pitereka using ribosomal LSU sequences. Sequence data from the ITS nrDNA were used to determine the phylogenetic relationship of the two Quambalaria species together with Fugomyces (= Cerinosterus) cyanescens. In addition to sequence data, the ultrastructure of the septal pores of the species in question was compared. From the LSU sequence data it was concluded that Quambalaria spp. and F. cyanescens form a monophyletic clade in the Microstromatales, an order of the Ustilaginomycetes. Sequences from the ITS region confirmed that Q. pitereka and Q. eucalypti are distinct species. The ex-type isolate of F. cyanescens, together with another isolate from Eucalyptus in Australia, constitute a third species of Quambalaria, Q. cyanescens (de Hoog & G.A. de Vries) Z.W. de Beer, Begerow & R. Bauer comb. nov. Transmission electron-microscopic studies of the septal pores confirm that all three Quambalaria spp. have dolipores with swollen lips, which differ from other members of the Microstromatales (i.e. the Microstromatacea
Allan K. Bertram - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ice nucleation by fungal spores from the classes agaricomycetes Ustilaginomycetes and eurotiomycetes and the effect on the atmospheric transport of these spores
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2014Co-Authors: D I Haga, M. J. Wheeler, Ryan H Mason, Susannah M Burrows, Elena Polishchuk, Raffaele Iannone, Ulrich Poschl, Jing M. Chen, Allan K. BertramAbstract:Abstract. We studied the ice nucleation properties of 12 different species of fungal spores chosen from three classes: Agaricomycetes , Ustilaginomycetes , and Eurotiomycetes . Agaricomycetes include many types of mushroom species and are widely distributed over the globe. Ustilaginomycetes are agricultural pathogens and have caused widespread damage to crops. Eurotiomycetes are found on all types of decaying material and include important human allergens. We focused on these classes because they are thought to be abundant in the atmosphere and because there is very little information on the ice nucleation ability of these classes of spores in the literature. All of the fungal spores investigated contained some fraction of spores that serve as ice nuclei at temperatures warmer than homogeneous freezing. The cumulative number of ice nuclei per spore was 0.001 at temperatures between −19 °C and −29 °C, 0.01 between −25.5 °C and −31 °C, and 0.1 between −26 °C and −31.5 °C. On average, the order of ice nucleating ability for these spores is Ustilaginomycetes > Agaricomycetes ≃ Eurotiomycetes . The freezing data also suggests that, at temperatures ranging from −20 °C to −25 °C, all of the fungal spores studied here are less efficient ice nuclei compared to Asian mineral dust on a per surface area basis. We used our new freezing results together with data in the literature to compare the freezing temperatures of spores from the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota , which together make up 98% of known fungal species found on Earth. The data show that within both phyla ( Ascomycota and Basidiomycota ), there is a wide range of freezing properties, and also that the variation within a phylum is greater than the variation between the average freezing properties of the phyla. Using a global chemistry–climate transport model, we investigated whether ice nucleation on the studied spores, followed by precipitation, can influence the transport and global distributions of these spores in the atmosphere. Simulations suggest that inclusion of ice nucleation scavenging of these fungal spores in mixed-phase clouds can decrease the annual mean concentrations of fungal spores in near-surface air over the oceans and polar regions, and decrease annual mean concentrations in the upper troposphere.
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Ice nucleation and its effect on the atmospheric transport of fungal spores from the classes Agaricomycetes, Ustilaginomycetes, and Eurotiomycetes
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2014Co-Authors: D I Haga, M. J. Wheeler, Ryan H Mason, Susannah M Burrows, Elena Polishchuk, Raffaele Iannone, Ulrich Poschl, Jing M. Chen, Allan K. BertramAbstract:Abstract. Ice nucleation on fungal spores may affect the frequency and properties of ice and mixed-phase clouds. We studied the ice nucleation properties of 12 different species of fungal spores chosen from three classes: Agaricomycetes, Ustilaginomycetes, and Eurotiomycetes. Agaricomycetes include many types of mushroom species and are cosmopolitan. Ustilaginomycetes are agricultural pathogens and have caused widespread damage to crops. Eurotiomycetes are found on all types of decaying material and include important human allergens. We focused on these classes since they are thought to be abundant in the atmosphere and because there is very little information on the ice nucleation ability of these classes of spores in the literature. All of the fungal spores investigated were found to cause freezing of water droplets at temperatures warmer than homogeneous freezing. The cumulative number of ice nuclei per spore was 0.001 at temperatures between −19 °C and −29 °C, 0.01 between −25.5 °C and −31 °C, and 0.1 between −26 °C and −36 °C. On average, the order of ice nucleating ability for these spores is Ustilaginomycetes > Agaricomycetes ≃ Eurotiomycetes. We show that at temperatures below −20 °C, all of the fungal spores studied here are less efficient ice nuclei compared to Asian mineral dust on a per surface area basis. We used our new freezing results together with data in the literature to compare the freezing temperatures of spores from the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota, which together make up 98% of known fungal species found on Earth. The data show that within both phyla (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) there is a wide range of freezing properties, and also that the variation within a phylum is greater than the variation between the average freezing properties of the phyla. Using a global chemistry–climate transport model, we investigated whether ice nucleation on the studied spores, followed by precipitation, can influence the atmospheric transport and global distributions of these spores in the atmosphere. Simulations show that inclusion of ice nucleation scavenging of these fungal spores in mixed-phase clouds can decrease the annual mean concentrations of fungal spores in near-surface air over the oceans and polar regions and decrease annual mean mixing ratios in the upper troposphere.
Teun Boekhout - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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multigene phylogeny and taxonomic revision of yeasts and related fungi in the ustilaginomycotina
Studies in Mycology, 2015Co-Authors: Q M Wang, Teun Boekhout, Dominik Begerow, Fengyan Bai, Marizeth Groenewald, Xinzhan Liu, Bart TheelenAbstract:The subphylum Ustilaginomycotina (Basidiomycota, Fungi) comprises mainly plant pathogenic fungi (smuts). Some of the lineages possess cultivable unicellular stages that are usually classified as yeast or yeast-like species in a largely artificial taxonomic system which is independent from and largely incompatible with that of the smut fungi. Here we performed phylogenetic analyses based on seven genes including three nuclear ribosomal RNA genes and four protein coding genes to address the molecular phylogeny of the ustilaginomycetous yeast species and their filamentous counterparts. Taxonomic revisions were proposed to reflect this phylogeny and to implement the ‘One Fungus = One Name’ principle. The results confirmed that the yeast-containing classes Malasseziomycetes, Moniliellomycetes and Ustilaginomycetes are monophyletic, whereas Exobasidiomycetes in the current sense remains paraphyletic. Four new genera, namely Dirkmeia gen. nov., Kalmanozyma gen. nov., Golubevia gen. nov. and Robbauera gen. nov. are proposed to accommodate Pseudozyma and Tilletiopsis species that are distinct from the other smut taxa and belong to clades that are separate from those containing type species of the hitherto described genera. Accordingly, new orders Golubeviales ord. nov. with Golubeviaceae fam. nov. and Robbauerales ord. nov. with Robbaueraceae fam. nov. are proposed to accommodate the sisterhood of Golubevia gen. nov. and Robbauera gen. nov. with other orders of Exobasidiomycetes. The majority of the remaining anamorphic yeast species are transferred to corresponding teleomorphic genera based on strongly supported phylogenetic affinities, resulting in the proposal of 28 new combinations. The taxonomic status of a few Pseudozyma species remains to be determined because of their uncertain phylogenetic positions. We propose to use the term pro tempore or pro tem. in abbreviation to indicate the single-species lineages that are temporarily maintained.
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extensive colonization of apples by smut anamorphs causes a new postharvest disorder
Fems Yeast Research, 2006Co-Authors: Teun Boekhout, Bart Theelen, Peter Gildemacher, Wally H Muller, Bart Heijne, Matthias LutzAbstract:Colonization of apples by ballistoconidium-forming fungi causes a new disorder, here named 'white haze'. White haze may occur in mild form in the field, but only becomes problematic after Ultra-Low Oxygen storage, and, therefore, may be considered as a postharvest disorder. All isolates, obtained using the spore-fall method, were morphologically identified as anamorphs of smut fungi belonging to the genus Tilletiopsis. Sequence analysis of the D1/D2 and the ITS domains of the rDNA revealed nine novel taxa scattered among the Exobasidiomycetidae (Ustilaginomycetes). Field experiments confirmed the erratic incidence of white haze over the years, and the development of the disorder seems to be enhanced at lower temperatures and a high relative humidity. Several scab fungicide treatments showed diminishing effects on the incidence of white haze.
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biodiversity and systematics of basidiomycetous yeasts as determined by large subunit rdna d1 d2 domain sequence analysis
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2000Co-Authors: Jack W Fell, Alvaro Fonseca, Gloria Scorzetti, Teun Boekhout, Adele StatzelltallmanAbstract:The molecular systematics of 337 strains of basidiomycetous yeasts and yeast-like fungi, representing 230 species in 18 anamorphic and 24 teleomorphic genera, was determined by sequence analysis of the D1/D2 region of the large-subunit rDNA. The data were compared with published sequences of other basidiomycetous fungi. The results demonstrated that the yeast species and genera are phylogenetically distributed among the Microbotryum, Sporidiobolus, Agaricostilbum and Erythrobasidium clades of the Urediniomycetes; the Tremellales, Trichosporonales ord. nov., Filobasidiales and Cystofilobasidiales clades of the Hymenomycetes; and the Ustilaginales, Microstromatales and Malasseziales clades of the Ustilaginomycetes. Genera such as Bensingtonia, Cryptococcus, Rhodotorula and Sporobolomyces are polyphyletic, i.e. they occur in two or more clades. In contrast, other genera, e.g. Bullera, Cystofilobasidium, Fellomyces, Filobasidiella, Filobasidium, Kondoa, Kurtzmanomyces, Leucosporidium, Rhodosporidium, Sporidiobolus and Udeniomyces, are monophyletic. The majority of the species can be identified using D1/D2 analyses, although the internal transcribed spacer region is required to distinguish closely related species. The intergenic spacer region is recommended for additional differentiation of species and strains.
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phylogenetic placements of ustilaginomycetous anamorphs as deduced from nuclear lsu rdna sequences
Fungal Biology, 2000Co-Authors: Dominik Begerow, Robert Bauer, Teun BoekhoutAbstract:In order to integrate ustilaginomycetous anamorphs into the general phylogenetic system of Ustilaginomycetes, partial nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences of 56 teleomorphic and 19 anamorphic species of the Ustilaginomycetes were analysed. Maximum parsimony and neighbour joining confirm the new suprageneric system of Ustilaginomycetes and indicate that (i) the species of Pseudozyma represent anamorphs of Ustilaginales parasitizing grasses, (ii) Pseudozyma prolifica, the type of Pseudozyma, is very closely related to Ustilago maydis, (iii) Pseudozyma tsukubaensis is probably synonymous with Ustilago spermophora, (iv) the species of Malassezia represent a group of its own within the Exobasidiomycetidae, (v) Tilletiopsis cremea, T. lilacina and T. washingtonensis belong to the Entylomatales and (vi) T. flava, T. fulvescens and T. minor are members of the Georgefischeriales. Like all Tilletiopsis species tested, T. albescens and T. pallescens are members of the Exobasidiomycetidae, but they cannot be ascribed to any of the known orders of this subclass. The description of the Malasseziales is emended.
Raffaele Iannone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ice nucleation by fungal spores from the classes agaricomycetes Ustilaginomycetes and eurotiomycetes and the effect on the atmospheric transport of these spores
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2014Co-Authors: D I Haga, M. J. Wheeler, Ryan H Mason, Susannah M Burrows, Elena Polishchuk, Raffaele Iannone, Ulrich Poschl, Jing M. Chen, Allan K. BertramAbstract:Abstract. We studied the ice nucleation properties of 12 different species of fungal spores chosen from three classes: Agaricomycetes , Ustilaginomycetes , and Eurotiomycetes . Agaricomycetes include many types of mushroom species and are widely distributed over the globe. Ustilaginomycetes are agricultural pathogens and have caused widespread damage to crops. Eurotiomycetes are found on all types of decaying material and include important human allergens. We focused on these classes because they are thought to be abundant in the atmosphere and because there is very little information on the ice nucleation ability of these classes of spores in the literature. All of the fungal spores investigated contained some fraction of spores that serve as ice nuclei at temperatures warmer than homogeneous freezing. The cumulative number of ice nuclei per spore was 0.001 at temperatures between −19 °C and −29 °C, 0.01 between −25.5 °C and −31 °C, and 0.1 between −26 °C and −31.5 °C. On average, the order of ice nucleating ability for these spores is Ustilaginomycetes > Agaricomycetes ≃ Eurotiomycetes . The freezing data also suggests that, at temperatures ranging from −20 °C to −25 °C, all of the fungal spores studied here are less efficient ice nuclei compared to Asian mineral dust on a per surface area basis. We used our new freezing results together with data in the literature to compare the freezing temperatures of spores from the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota , which together make up 98% of known fungal species found on Earth. The data show that within both phyla ( Ascomycota and Basidiomycota ), there is a wide range of freezing properties, and also that the variation within a phylum is greater than the variation between the average freezing properties of the phyla. Using a global chemistry–climate transport model, we investigated whether ice nucleation on the studied spores, followed by precipitation, can influence the transport and global distributions of these spores in the atmosphere. Simulations suggest that inclusion of ice nucleation scavenging of these fungal spores in mixed-phase clouds can decrease the annual mean concentrations of fungal spores in near-surface air over the oceans and polar regions, and decrease annual mean concentrations in the upper troposphere.
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Ice nucleation and its effect on the atmospheric transport of fungal spores from the classes Agaricomycetes, Ustilaginomycetes, and Eurotiomycetes
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2014Co-Authors: D I Haga, M. J. Wheeler, Ryan H Mason, Susannah M Burrows, Elena Polishchuk, Raffaele Iannone, Ulrich Poschl, Jing M. Chen, Allan K. BertramAbstract:Abstract. Ice nucleation on fungal spores may affect the frequency and properties of ice and mixed-phase clouds. We studied the ice nucleation properties of 12 different species of fungal spores chosen from three classes: Agaricomycetes, Ustilaginomycetes, and Eurotiomycetes. Agaricomycetes include many types of mushroom species and are cosmopolitan. Ustilaginomycetes are agricultural pathogens and have caused widespread damage to crops. Eurotiomycetes are found on all types of decaying material and include important human allergens. We focused on these classes since they are thought to be abundant in the atmosphere and because there is very little information on the ice nucleation ability of these classes of spores in the literature. All of the fungal spores investigated were found to cause freezing of water droplets at temperatures warmer than homogeneous freezing. The cumulative number of ice nuclei per spore was 0.001 at temperatures between −19 °C and −29 °C, 0.01 between −25.5 °C and −31 °C, and 0.1 between −26 °C and −36 °C. On average, the order of ice nucleating ability for these spores is Ustilaginomycetes > Agaricomycetes ≃ Eurotiomycetes. We show that at temperatures below −20 °C, all of the fungal spores studied here are less efficient ice nuclei compared to Asian mineral dust on a per surface area basis. We used our new freezing results together with data in the literature to compare the freezing temperatures of spores from the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota, which together make up 98% of known fungal species found on Earth. The data show that within both phyla (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) there is a wide range of freezing properties, and also that the variation within a phylum is greater than the variation between the average freezing properties of the phyla. Using a global chemistry–climate transport model, we investigated whether ice nucleation on the studied spores, followed by precipitation, can influence the atmospheric transport and global distributions of these spores in the atmosphere. Simulations show that inclusion of ice nucleation scavenging of these fungal spores in mixed-phase clouds can decrease the annual mean concentrations of fungal spores in near-surface air over the oceans and polar regions and decrease annual mean mixing ratios in the upper troposphere.
