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Remigijus Daubaras - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetic characterisation of wild cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos) from Čepkeliai reserve by the RAPD method
2020Co-Authors: J Areskeviciūtė, Algimantas Paulauskas, Laima Česonienė, Remigijus DaubarasAbstract:2 Kaunas Botanical Garden, Vytautas Magnus University, Z. E. Žilibero 6, 3018 Kaunas, Lithuania We investigated the genetic characteristics of morphologically different wild cranberries (Vaccinium oxycoccos) from Cepkeliai using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Twenty random primers were tested on genomic DNA extracted from 13 wild cranberry sprout clones. Reproducible amplification patterns were obtained using nine primers, which gave from 5 to 20 bands. The RAPD data revealed a high genetic variability within a wild cranberry population.
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Phytochemical Composition of the Large Cranberry ( Vaccinium macrocarpon ) and the Small Cranberry ( Vaccinium oxycoccos )
Nutritional Composition of Fruit Cultivars, 2016Co-Authors: Laima Cesoniene, Remigijus DaubarasAbstract:Abstract The berries of the closely related large cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) and small cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos) species are characterized by the accumulation of high concentrations of a diverse set of biologically active substances. Breeders have selected large and small cranberry cultivars with high contents of biologically active substances in the United States, Russia, Lithuania, and Estonia. Both cranberry species have been shown to be sources of phenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins, flavonols, and phenolic acids. Flavonoids were identified as the dominant compounds among over 150 individual components detected in the cultivars of the large cranberry. A comparison of different cultivars demonstrated differences in biochemical composition as functions of the specific cultivars, berry ripeness stage, harvesting time, and environmental conditions.
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investigations of anthocyanins organic acids and sugars show great variability in nutritional value of european cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccos fruit
Journal of applied botany and food quality, 2015Co-Authors: Laima Cesonienė, Remigijus Daubaras, Ina Jasutienė, Inga Miliauskienė, Marcin ZychAbstract:Increased consumer interest in nutraceutical-rich foods in relation to human health has resulted in the increased use of cranberries in the modern diet. Berries of wild European cranberry clones and cultivars show great variation in yield, colour and quantities of biologically active compounds. In the present study, we estimate the production of different phytochemical components in 40 genotypes of Vaccinium oxycoccos. Our main goal was to identify genotypes that have superior economic attributes, such as high levels of anthocyanins, organic acids and easily digestible carbohydrates. As a result, two wild clones of Lithuanian origin (98-C-17 and 98-C-15), and the Estonian cultivar ‘Maima’ were selected as the most valuable in terms of TAC, organic acid, fructose and glucose concentrations.
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morphological and genetic diversity of european cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccos l ericaceae clones in lithuanian reserves
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 2013Co-Authors: Laima Cesonienė, Remigijus Daubaras, Algimantas Paulauskas, Judita žukauskienė, Marcin ZychAbstract:The wild-harvested fruit of Vaccinium oxycoccos (European cranberry) is used medicinally in many European and North American countries; the plant, however, is seldom cultivated. In order to optimize the collection strategy and improve the horticulturally important characters of V. oxycoccos clones, comprehensive investigations of the species are necessary. In the present study we investigated the phenological, morphological and genetic diversity of 29 clones originating from two wild populations growing in two strictly protected Lithuanian reserves, Cepkeliai and Žuvintas. During an ex situ collection at Kaunas Botanical Garden, we observed great phenological variation between the collected V. oxycoccos clones. The following morphological traits most clearly distinguished our study clones: leaf size, berry shape, berry size and fruit colour at full maturity. The genetic variation of V. oxycoccos clones from the two populations was assessed using RAPD and SSR. RAPD analysis conducted with 9 primers resulted in 146 polymorphic loci for the total sample, and SSR analysis with 5 primers revealed 29 alleles for the total sample. A greater degree of polymorphism was demonstrated for the Cepkeliai population than for the Žuvintas population. The study allowed the selection of several clones having promising morphological traits for further testing in the field.
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Evaluation of the Biochemical Components and Chromatic Properties of the Juice of Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton and Vaccinium oxycoccos L.
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 2011Co-Authors: Laima Česonienė, Remigijus Daubaras, Ina Jasutienė, Jonė Venclovienė, Inga MiliauskienėAbstract:Benzoic acid, total anthocyanins, soluble solids, titratable acidity, and colour properties in juice of the American cranberry Vaccinium macrocarpon and the European cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccos were investigated. Berry juices of V. macrocarpon cultivars were distinguished by their higher total anthocyanin and benzoic acid amounts. These cultivars accumulated on average 43.11 mg/l of benzoic acid and 92.45 mg/l of total anthocyanins. The levels of benzoic acid and total anthocyanins in V. oxycoccos cultivars were 17.52 mg/l and 42.54 mg/l, respectively. The V. macrocarpon cultivars ‘Franklin’, ‘Le Munyon’, ‘Searles’, and ‘Early Richard’ were selected as the best according to the enhanced total anthocyanins and benzoic acid amounts. The separation of anthocyanins by HPLC-UV-VIS revealed the presence of six anthocyanins, with peonidin-3-galactoside being the most prevalent. Galactoside together with glucoside conjugates comprised the largest percentage of total anthocyanins in the juices of V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos cultivars.
Carina Tikkanen-kaukanen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Screening of binding activity of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus suis to berries and juices.
Phytotherapy research : PTR, 2020Co-Authors: Marko Toivanen, Sanna Huttunen, Jana Duricová, Pasi Soininen, Reino Laatikainen, Vuokko Loimaranta, Sauli Haataja, Jukka Finne, Seppo Lapinjoki, Carina Tikkanen-kaukanenAbstract:Antiadhesion therapy is a promising approach to the fight against pathogens. Antibiotic resistance and the lack of effective vaccines have increased the search for new methods to prevent infectious diseases. Previous studies have shown the antiadhesion activity of juice from cultivated cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) against bacteria, especially E. coli. In this study, the binding of two streptococcal strains, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus agalactiae, to molecular size fractions (FI, FII and FIII, 100 kDa, respectively) of berries and berry and fruit juices from 12 plant species were studied using a microtiter well assay. For Streptococcus suis a hemagglutination inhibition assay was used. In general, binding activity was detected especially to wild cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L.) and to other Vaccinium species. S. pneumoniae cells bound most to cranberry juice fraction FI and S. agalactiae cells to cranberry fraction FIII. Hemagglutination induced by S. suis was most effectively inhibited by cranberry fraction FII. NMR spectra of some characteristic active and non-active fractions were also measured. They indicate that fractions FII and FIII contained proanthocyanidins and/or other phenolic compounds. The results suggest Vaccinium berries as possible sources of antiadhesives against bacterial infections.
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Inhibition activity of wild berry juice fractions against Streptococcus pneumoniae binding to human bronchial cells.
Phytotherapy Research, 2010Co-Authors: Sanna Huttunen, Marko Toivanen, Satu Arkko, Marika Ruponen, Carina Tikkanen-kaukanenAbstract:: Bacterial adhesion to the cell surface is a crucial step before infection can take place. Inhibition of bacterial binding offers a novel preventive approach against infections. Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) juice has been found to have antiadhesive activity against different bacteria. Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important pathogen and the most common cause for pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media. In this study the inhibitory activity of cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L.), bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and crowberry (Empetrum nigrum and Empetrum hermaphroditum L.) juice fractions against pneumococcal binding was tested using human bronchial cells (Calu-3) as an adhesion model. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of the berry juice fractions was tested. It was found that the studied berry juice fractions had antiadhesion activity and cranberry juice was the most active. The adhesion inhibition activity of cranberry juice was nearly 90% at a concentration of 8.7 mg/g of soluble solids. The antimicrobial activity of the studied berry juice fractions was found to be remarkable; pneumococcal growth was inhibited totally at a concentration of ∼86 mg/g. Both antiadhesion and antimicrobial activities were reduced after solid-phase extraction of the berry juices, which may suggest molecular synergistic effects of the berry juice molecules against S. pneumoniae. The findings indicate that cranberry, bilberry and crowberry juices have potential against pneumococcal infections.
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Screening of binding activity of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus suis to berries and juices.
Phytotherapy Research, 2009Co-Authors: Marko Toivanen, Sanna Huttunen, Jana Duricová, Pasi Soininen, Reino Laatikainen, Vuokko Loimaranta, Sauli Haataja, Jukka Finne, Seppo Lapinjoki, Carina Tikkanen-kaukanenAbstract:Antiadhesion therapy is a promising approach to the fight against pathogens. Antibiotic resistance and the lack of effective vaccines have increased the search for new methods to prevent infectious diseases. Previous studies have shown the antiadhesion activity of juice from cultivated cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) against bacteria, especially E. coli. In this study, the binding of two streptococcal strains, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus agalactiae, to molecular size fractions (FI, FII and FIII, 100 kDa, respectively) of berries and berry and fruit juices from 12 plant species were studied using a microtiter well assay. For Streptococcus suis a hemagglutination inhibition assay was used. In general, binding activity was detected especially to wild cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L.) and to other Vaccinium species. S. pneumoniae cells bound most to cranberry juice fraction FI and S. agalactiae cells to cranberry fraction FIII. Hemagglutination induced by S. suis was most effectively inhibited by cranberry fraction FII. NMR spectra of some characteristic active and non-active fractions were also measured. They indicate that fractions FII and FIII contained proanthocyanidins and/or other phenolic compounds. The results suggest Vaccinium berries as possible sources of antiadhesives against bacterial infections. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tyler Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating the relationship between diploid and tetraploid Vaccinium oxycoccos ericaceae in eastern canada
Botany, 2015Co-Authors: Tyler Smith, Charlotte Walinga, Song Wang, Paul Kron, Jan Suda, Juan ZalapaAbstract:Vaccinium oxycoccos s.l. is a complex of diploid and polyploid plants. The taxonomic relationship between the cytotypes is uncertain, with conflicting treatments in recent revisions. To clarify this situation, we investigated the relationships among ploidy, morphology, and genetic diversity in this group. We collected samples from a 1000 km transect in eastern Canada. We used flow cytometry to determine DNA ploidy, completed a morphometric analysis of flowering stems, and assessed genetic diversity using AFLPs. Diploids only occurred growing in mixed populations with tetraploids. There were statistically significant morphological differences between ploidies; however, tetraploid variation encompasses the diploid range for most characters. AFLP data demonstrate that the tetraploids have undergone genetic divergence since their formation, obscuring whether they are auto- or allo-polyploids. Our results agree with previous work using isozymes, which revealed genetic divergence of diploids and tetraploids in ...
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clonal diversity and genetic differentiation revealed by ssr markers in wild Vaccinium macrocarpon and Vaccinium oxycoccos
Annals of Applied Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Juan Zalapa, Tierney Bougie, Brandon Schlautman, Eric Wiesman, A Guzman, Diego Fajardo, Shawn A Steffan, Tyler SmithAbstract:American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is a perennial, woody plant species, native to North American bogs and wetlands. Cranberries represent one of the few agriculturally important native plants in which wild gene pools are still readily available within the undeveloped wetlands the northern U.S. and Canada. Past studies have reported low genetic variation in V. macrocarpon at the species and population level. However, in this study, we characterized 229 samples of wild V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos (small cranberry) and 22 control accessions using microsatellite markers and observed substantial genetic variation and differentiation within and among populations and species. While V. macrocarpon was analyzed using 108 alleles from eleven microsatellite loci revealing 42 unique genotypes, V. oxycoccos was analyzed using 156 alleles from eight loci revealing 28 unique genotypes. There were a total of 182 alleles found in both species combined with 156 of those alleles present in V. oxycoccos and 84 alleles found in V. macrocarpon. All eight loci possessed species-specific alleles with V. oxycoccos possessing 98 private alleles versus 26 private alleles found V. macrocarpon, and 58 alleles were found in common between both species. Our data will be valuable not only for future wild cranberry diversity and population genetics research, but for other cranberry breeding and genetics studies.
Susan J Murch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparisons of large Vaccinium macrocarpon ait and small Vaccinium oxycoccos l Vaccinium vitis idaea l cranberry in british columbia by phytochemical determination antioxidant potential and metabolomic profiling with chemometric analysis
Planta Medica, 2012Co-Authors: Paula N Brown, Christina E Turi, Paul R Shipley, Susan J MurchAbstract:: There is a long history of use and modern commercial importance of large and small cranberries in North America. The central objective of the current research was to characterize and compare the chemical composition of 2 west coast small cranberry species traditionally used (Vaccinium oxycoccos L. and Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) with the commercially cultivated large cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) indigenous to the east coast of North America. V. oxycoccos and V. macrocarpon contained the 5 major anthocyanins known in cranberry; however, the ratio of glycosylated peonidins to cyanidins varied, and V. vitis-idaea did not contain measurable amounts of glycosylated peonidins. Extracts of all three berries were found to contain serotonin, melatonin, and ascorbic acid. Antioxidant activity was not found to correlate with indolamine levels while anthocyanin content showed a negative correlation, and vitamin C content positively correlated. From the metabolomics profiles, 4624 compounds were found conserved across V. macrocarpon, V. oxycoccos, and V. vitis-idaea with a total of approximately 8000-10 000 phytochemicals detected in each species. From significance analysis, it was found that 2 compounds in V. macrocarpoN, 3 in V. oxycoccos, and 5 in V. vitis-idaea were key to the characterization and differentiation of these cranberry metabolomes. Through multivariate modeling, differentiation of the species was observed, and univariate statistical analysis was employed to provide a quality assessment of the models developed for the metabolomics data.
Juan Zalapa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Toward Integrated Conservation of North America's Crop Wild Relatives
Natural Areas Journal, 2020Co-Authors: Colin K. Khoury, Juan Zalapa, Stephanie L. Greene, Sarada Krishnan, Allison J. Miller, Tara Moreau, Karen A. Williams, Lorraine Rodriguez-bonilla, Carol S. Spurrier, Gary Paul NabhanAbstract:North America harbors a rich native flora of crop wild relatives—the progenitors and closely related species of domesticated plants—as well as a range of culturally significant wild utilized plants. Despite their current and potential future value, they are rarely prioritized for conservation efforts; thus many species are threatened in their natural habitats, and most are underrepresented in plant genebanks and botanical gardens. Further coordination of efforts among land management, botanical, and agricultural science organizations will improve conservation and general public awareness with regard to these species. We present examples of productive collaborations focused on wild cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon and Vaccinium oxycoccos) and chile peppers (Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum). We then discuss five shared priorities for further action: (1) understand and document North America's crop wild relatives and wild utilized plants, (2) protect threatened species in their natural habitats, (3) collect and conserve ex situ the diversity of prioritized species, (4) make this diversity accessible and attractive for plant breeding, research, and education, and (5) raise public awareness of their value and the threats to their persistence.
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evaluating the relationship between diploid and tetraploid Vaccinium oxycoccos ericaceae in eastern canada
Botany, 2015Co-Authors: Tyler Smith, Charlotte Walinga, Song Wang, Paul Kron, Jan Suda, Juan ZalapaAbstract:Vaccinium oxycoccos s.l. is a complex of diploid and polyploid plants. The taxonomic relationship between the cytotypes is uncertain, with conflicting treatments in recent revisions. To clarify this situation, we investigated the relationships among ploidy, morphology, and genetic diversity in this group. We collected samples from a 1000 km transect in eastern Canada. We used flow cytometry to determine DNA ploidy, completed a morphometric analysis of flowering stems, and assessed genetic diversity using AFLPs. Diploids only occurred growing in mixed populations with tetraploids. There were statistically significant morphological differences between ploidies; however, tetraploid variation encompasses the diploid range for most characters. AFLP data demonstrate that the tetraploids have undergone genetic divergence since their formation, obscuring whether they are auto- or allo-polyploids. Our results agree with previous work using isozymes, which revealed genetic divergence of diploids and tetraploids in ...
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clonal diversity and genetic differentiation revealed by ssr markers in wild Vaccinium macrocarpon and Vaccinium oxycoccos
Annals of Applied Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Juan Zalapa, Tierney Bougie, Brandon Schlautman, Eric Wiesman, A Guzman, Diego Fajardo, Shawn A Steffan, Tyler SmithAbstract:American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is a perennial, woody plant species, native to North American bogs and wetlands. Cranberries represent one of the few agriculturally important native plants in which wild gene pools are still readily available within the undeveloped wetlands the northern U.S. and Canada. Past studies have reported low genetic variation in V. macrocarpon at the species and population level. However, in this study, we characterized 229 samples of wild V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos (small cranberry) and 22 control accessions using microsatellite markers and observed substantial genetic variation and differentiation within and among populations and species. While V. macrocarpon was analyzed using 108 alleles from eleven microsatellite loci revealing 42 unique genotypes, V. oxycoccos was analyzed using 156 alleles from eight loci revealing 28 unique genotypes. There were a total of 182 alleles found in both species combined with 156 of those alleles present in V. oxycoccos and 84 alleles found in V. macrocarpon. All eight loci possessed species-specific alleles with V. oxycoccos possessing 98 private alleles versus 26 private alleles found V. macrocarpon, and 58 alleles were found in common between both species. Our data will be valuable not only for future wild cranberry diversity and population genetics research, but for other cranberry breeding and genetics studies.