The Experts below are selected from a list of 2961 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Osmo Hänninen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Divergent changes in serum sterols during a strict uncooked Vegan Diet in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
British Journal of Nutrition, 2001Co-Authors: Jyrki J Agren, M. Nenonen, T Helve, Eva Tvrzická, Osmo HänninenAbstract:The effects of a strict uncooked Vegan Diet on serum lipid and sterol concentrations were studied in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The subjects were randomized into a Vegan Diet group (n 16), who consumed a Vegan Diet for 2-3 months, or into a control group (n 13), who continued their usual omnivorous Diets. Serum total and LDL-cholesterol and -phospholipid concentrations were significantly decreased by the Vegan Diet. The levels of serum cholestanol and lathosterol also decreased, but serum cholestanol:total cholesterol and lathosterol:total cholesterol did not change. The effect of a Vegan Diet on serum plant sterols was divergent as the concentration of campesterol decreased while that of sitosterol increased. This effect resulted in a significantly greater sitosterol:campesterol value in the Vegan Diet group than in the control group (1.48 (SD 0.39) v. 0.72 (SD 0.14); P < 0.001). A higher concentration of campesterol compared with sitosterol is normal in omnivorous subjects and can be explained by lower absorption and esterification rates of sitosterol. Our results suggest that a strict uncooked Vegan Diet changes the relative absorption rates of these sterols and/or their biliary clearance.
-
Vegan Diet alleviates fibromyalgia symptoms
Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 2000Co-Authors: K Kaartinen, M. Nenonen, K. Lammi, M. Hypen, Osmo Hänninen, Anna-liisa RaumaAbstract:The effect of a strict, low-salt, uncooked Vegan Diet rich in lactobacteria on symptoms in 18 fibromyalgia patients during and after a 3-month intervention period in an open, non-randomized controlled study was evaluated. As control 15 patients continued their omnivorous Diet. The groups did not differ significantly from each other in the beginning of the study in any other parameters except in pain and urine sodium. The results revealed significant improvements in Visual analogue scale of pain (VAS) (p=0.005), joint stiffness (p=0.001), quality of sleep (p=0.0001), Health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) (p=0.031), General health questionnaire (GHQ) (p=0.021), and a rheumatologist's own questionnaire (p=0.038). The majority of patients were overweight to some extent at the beginning of the study and shifting to a Vegan food caused a significant reduction in body mass index (BMI) (p=0.0001). Total serum cholesterol showed a statistically significant lowering (p=0.003). Urine sodium dropped to 1/3 of the beg...
-
Faecal microbial flora and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis during a Vegan Diet.
Rheumatology, 1997Co-Authors: Robert Peltonen, M. Nenonen, PAULI TOIVANEN, T Helve, Osmo Hänninen, Erkki EerolaAbstract:To clarify the role of the faecal flora in the Diet-induced decrease of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity, 43 RA patients were randomized into two groups: the test group to receive living food, a form of uncooked Vegan Diet rich in lactobacilli, and the control group to continue their ordinary omnivorous Diets. Based on clinical assessments before, during and after the intervention period, a disease improvement index was constructed for each patient. According to the index, patients were assigned either to a group with a high improvement index (HI) or to a group with a low improvement index (LO). Stool samples collected from each patient before the intervention and at I month were analysed by direct stool sample gas--liquid chromatography of bacterial cellular fatty acids. This method has proved to be a simple and sensitive way to detect changes and differences in the faecal microbial flora between individual stool samples or groups of them. A significant, Diet-induced change in the faecal flora (P = 0.001) was observed in the test group, but not in the control group. Further. in the test group, a significant (P = 0.001) difference was detected between the Hl and LO categories at 1 month, but not in the pre-test samples. We conclude that a Vegan Diet changes the faecal microbial flora in RA patients. and changes in the faecal flora are associated with improvement in RA activity.
-
Antioxidant status in long-term adherents to a strict uncooked Vegan Diet.
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1995Co-Authors: Anna-liisa Rauma, Riitta Torronen, Hans Verhagen, Osmo Hänninen, Hannu MykkänenAbstract:Antioxidant status was investigated in 20 Finnish middle-aged female Vegans and in one male Vegan who were following a strict, uncooked Vegan Diet (living food Diet), by means of a Dietary survey and biochemical measurements (blood concentrations of vitamins C and E and β-carotene, and the activities of the zinc/copper-dependent superoxide dismutase and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase). Values were compared with those of omnivores matched for sex, age, social status, and residence. Antioxidant supplementation was used by 4 of 20 female Vegans and by 11 of 20 control subjects. Based on Dietary records, the Vegans had significantly higher intakes of β-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, and copper, and a significantly lower intake of selenium than the omnivorous control subjects. The calculated Dietary antioxidant intakes by the Vegans, expressed as percentages of the US recommended Dietary allowances, were as follows : 305% of vitamin C, 247% of vitamin A, 313% of vitamin E, 92% of zinc, 120% of copper, and 49% of selenium. Compared with the omnivores, the Vegans had significantly higher blood concentrations of β-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E, as well as higher erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity. These differences were also seen in pairs who were using no antioxidant supplements. The present data indicate that the living food Diet provides significantly more Dietary antioxidants than does the cooked, omnivorous Diet, and that the long-term adherents to this Diet have a better antioxidant status than do omnivorous control subjects.
-
Effect of a strict Vegan Diet on energy and nutrient intakes by Finnish rheumatoid patients.
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1993Co-Authors: Anna-liisa Rauma, M. Nenonen, T Helve, Osmo HänninenAbstract:Dietary intake data of 43 Finnish rheumatoid arthritis patients were collected using 7-day food records. The subjects were randomized into a control and a Vegan Diet groups, consisting of 22 and 21 subjects, respectively. The subjects in the Vegan Diet group received an uncooked Vegan Diet ('living food') for 3 months, and they were tutored daily by a living-food expert. The subjects in the control group continued their usual Diets and received no tutoring. Adherence to the strict Vegan Diet was assessed on the basis of urinary sodium excretion and by the information on consumption of specific food items (wheatgrass juice and the rejuvelac drink). The use of these drinks was variable, and some boiled vegetables were consumed occasionally. However, only one of the subjects in the Vegan Diet group lacked a clear decrease in urinary sodium excretion. Rheumatoid patients had lower than recommended intakes of iron, zinc and niacin, and their energy intake was low compared to mean daily energy intake of the healthy Finnish females of the same age. Shifting to the uncooked Vegan Diet significantly increased the intakes of energy and many nutrients. In spite of the increased energy intake, the group on the Vegan Diet lost 9% of their body weight during the intervention period, indicating a low availability of energy from the Vegan Diet.
Anna-liisa Rauma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Antioxidants in Vegan Diet and rheumatic disorders.
Toxicology, 2000Co-Authors: Hänninen, Anna-liisa Rauma, M. Nenonen, K Kaartinen, A S Häkkinen, Riitta Torronen, Herman Adlercreutz, Jarmo LaaksoAbstract:Plants are rich natural sources of antioxidants in addition to other nutrients. Interventions and cross sectional studies on subjects consuming uncooked Vegan Diet called living food (LF) have been carried out. We have clarified the efficacy of LF in rheumatoid diseases as an example of a health problem where inflammation is one of the main concerns. LF is an uncooked Vegan Diet and consists of berries, fruits, vegetables and roots, nuts, germinated seeds and sprouts, i.e. rich sources of carotenoids, vitamins C and E. The subjects eating LF showed highly increased levels of beta and alfa carotenes, lycopen and lutein in their sera. Also the increases of vitamin C and vitamin E (adjusted to cholesterol) were statistically significant. As the berry intake was 3-fold compared to controls the intake of polyphenolic compounds like quercetin, myricetin and kaempherol was much higher than in the omnivorous controls. The LF Diet is rich in fibre, substrate of lignan production, and the urinary excretion of polyphenols like enterodiol and enterolactone as well as secoisolaricirecinol were much increased in subjects eating LF. The shift of fibromyalgic subjects to LF resulted in a decrease of their joint stiffness and pain as well as an improvement of their self-experienced health. The rheumatoid arthritis patients eating the LF Diet also reported similar positive responses and the objective measures supported this finding. The improvement of rheumatoid arthritis was significantly correlated with the day-to-day fluctuation of subjective symptoms. In conclusion the rheumatoid patients subjectively benefited from the Vegan Diet rich in antioxidants, lactobacilli and fibre, and this was also seen in objective measures.
-
Vegan Diet alleviates fibromyalgia symptoms
Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 2000Co-Authors: K Kaartinen, M. Nenonen, K. Lammi, M. Hypen, Osmo Hänninen, Anna-liisa RaumaAbstract:The effect of a strict, low-salt, uncooked Vegan Diet rich in lactobacteria on symptoms in 18 fibromyalgia patients during and after a 3-month intervention period in an open, non-randomized controlled study was evaluated. As control 15 patients continued their omnivorous Diet. The groups did not differ significantly from each other in the beginning of the study in any other parameters except in pain and urine sodium. The results revealed significant improvements in Visual analogue scale of pain (VAS) (p=0.005), joint stiffness (p=0.001), quality of sleep (p=0.0001), Health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) (p=0.031), General health questionnaire (GHQ) (p=0.021), and a rheumatologist's own questionnaire (p=0.038). The majority of patients were overweight to some extent at the beginning of the study and shifting to a Vegan food caused a significant reduction in body mass index (BMI) (p=0.0001). Total serum cholesterol showed a statistically significant lowering (p=0.003). Urine sodium dropped to 1/3 of the beg...
-
Vegan Diet in physiological health promotion.
Acta Physiologica Hungarica, 1999Co-Authors: Anna-liisa Rauma, K Kaartinen, M. NenonenAbstract:We have performed a number of studies including Dietary interventions and cross-sectional studies on subjects consuming uncooked Vegan food called living food (LF) and clarified the changes in several parameters related to health risk factors. LF consists of germinated seeds, cereals, sprouts, vegetables, fruits, berries and nuts. Some items are fermented and contain a lot of lactobacilli. The Diet is rich in fiber. It has very little sodium, and it contains no cholesterol. Food items like berries and wheat grass juice are rich in antioxidants such as carotenoids and flavonoids. The subjects eating living food show increased levels of carotenoids and vitamins C and E and lowered cholesterol concentration in their sera. Urinary excretion of sodium is only a fraction of the omnivorous controls. Also urinary output of phenol and p-cresol is lowered as are several fecal enzyme levels which are considered harmful. The rheumatoid arthritis patients eating the LF Diet reported amelioration of their pain, swelling of joints and morning stiffness which all got worse after finishing LF Diet. The composite indices of objective measures showed also improvement of the rheumatoid arthritis patients during the intervention. The fibromyalgic subjects eating LF lost weight compared to their omnivorous controls. The results on their joint stiffness and pain (visual analogue scale), on their quality of sleep, on health assessment questionnaire and on general health questionnaire all improved. It appears that the adoption of Vegan Diet exemplified by the living food leads to a lessening of several health risk factors to cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Rheumatoid patients subjectively benefited from the Vegan Diet which was also seen in serum parameters and fecal analyses.
-
Effect of a Vegan Diet on biomarkers of chemoprevention in females
Human & Experimental Toxicology, 1996Co-Authors: Hans Verhagen, Anna-liisa Rauma, M. A. Dreve, J. J. P. Bogaards, Riitta Torronen, N. Vogel, G.c.d.m. Bruijntjes-rozier, Hannu MykkänenAbstract:1. In order to study the potential beneficial effects of a Vegan Diet, a cross-sectional study was performed and several biomarkers of chemoprevention were measured in a population of female 'living food' eaters ('Vegans'; n = 20) vs matched omnivorous controls (n = 20). 2. White blood cells obtained from fresh blood samples were subjected to the single-cell gel-electrophoresis assay. There was no statistically significant difference between the Vegans and controls in the parameters 'tail length' and 'tail moment'. However, the 'tail moment' was significantly lower in a subset of the Vegans (i.e. in those who did not use any vitamin and/or mineral supplements). 3. Fresh blood samples were exposed in vitro to the mutagen mitomycin C just prior to culturing. After culturing the number of binucleated lymphocytes with micronuclei was scored. There was no difference between the controls and Vegans in the incidence of baseline micronuclei, nor in the number of mitomycin C-induced micronuclei. However, a significant correlation (r = -0.64, P < 0.01) between the number of mitomycin C-induced micronuclei and the activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase was found in the Vegans. The number of baseline micronuclei increased with age in both groups. These findings may be of biological relevance. 4. The content of glutathione-S-transferase-α in plasma was not different between the Vegans (n = 12) and controls (n = 12). 5. The present data indicate a few differences in biomarkers of chemopreventive potential in strict Vegans vs matched omnivorous controls. The significance of these changes as biologically relevant indicators of beneficial effects of Vegan Diets in humans needs to be determined in studies with a larger number of subjects. Chemicals/CAS: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; DNA, Single-Stranded; Glutathione Transferase, EC 2.5.1.18; Mitomycin, 50-07-7; Superoxide Dismutase, EC 1.15.1.1
-
Coumarin 7-hydroxylation in long-term adherents of a strict uncooked Vegan Diet
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 1996Co-Authors: Anna-liisa Rauma, Riitta Torronen, Arja Rautio, Olavi Pelkonen, Markku Pasanen, Hannu MykkänenAbstract:Objective: Coumarin 7-hydroxylation was investigated in 21 Finnish Vegans (20 females, one male) consuming a strict, uncooked Vegan Diet (“living food Diet”) and in their matched omnivorous controls, by means of an in vivo coumarin test.
Hannu Mykkänen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Effect of a Vegan Diet on biomarkers of chemoprevention in females
Human & Experimental Toxicology, 1996Co-Authors: Hans Verhagen, Anna-liisa Rauma, M. A. Dreve, J. J. P. Bogaards, Riitta Torronen, N. Vogel, G.c.d.m. Bruijntjes-rozier, Hannu MykkänenAbstract:1. In order to study the potential beneficial effects of a Vegan Diet, a cross-sectional study was performed and several biomarkers of chemoprevention were measured in a population of female 'living food' eaters ('Vegans'; n = 20) vs matched omnivorous controls (n = 20). 2. White blood cells obtained from fresh blood samples were subjected to the single-cell gel-electrophoresis assay. There was no statistically significant difference between the Vegans and controls in the parameters 'tail length' and 'tail moment'. However, the 'tail moment' was significantly lower in a subset of the Vegans (i.e. in those who did not use any vitamin and/or mineral supplements). 3. Fresh blood samples were exposed in vitro to the mutagen mitomycin C just prior to culturing. After culturing the number of binucleated lymphocytes with micronuclei was scored. There was no difference between the controls and Vegans in the incidence of baseline micronuclei, nor in the number of mitomycin C-induced micronuclei. However, a significant correlation (r = -0.64, P < 0.01) between the number of mitomycin C-induced micronuclei and the activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase was found in the Vegans. The number of baseline micronuclei increased with age in both groups. These findings may be of biological relevance. 4. The content of glutathione-S-transferase-α in plasma was not different between the Vegans (n = 12) and controls (n = 12). 5. The present data indicate a few differences in biomarkers of chemopreventive potential in strict Vegans vs matched omnivorous controls. The significance of these changes as biologically relevant indicators of beneficial effects of Vegan Diets in humans needs to be determined in studies with a larger number of subjects. Chemicals/CAS: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; DNA, Single-Stranded; Glutathione Transferase, EC 2.5.1.18; Mitomycin, 50-07-7; Superoxide Dismutase, EC 1.15.1.1
-
Coumarin 7-hydroxylation in long-term adherents of a strict uncooked Vegan Diet
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 1996Co-Authors: Anna-liisa Rauma, Riitta Torronen, Arja Rautio, Olavi Pelkonen, Markku Pasanen, Hannu MykkänenAbstract:Objective: Coumarin 7-hydroxylation was investigated in 21 Finnish Vegans (20 females, one male) consuming a strict, uncooked Vegan Diet (“living food Diet”) and in their matched omnivorous controls, by means of an in vivo coumarin test.
-
Coumarin 7-hydroxylation in long-term adherents of a strict uncooked Vegan Diet.
European journal of clinical pharmacology, 1996Co-Authors: Anna-liisa Rauma, Riitta Torronen, Arja Rautio, Olavi Pelkonen, Markku Pasanen, Hannu MykkänenAbstract:Coumarin 7-hydroxylation was investigated in 21 Finnish Vegans (20 females, one male) consuming a strict, uncooked Vegan Diet ("living food Diet") and in their matched omnivorous controls, by means of an in vivo coumarin test. A capsule containing 5 mg of coumarin (Venalot) was taken after an overnight fast, and urine samples were collected before and 2, 4 and 6 h after the drug administration. The extent and rate of urinary excretion of 7-hydroxycoumarin was determined using HPLC. The total urinary excretion of 7-hydroxycoumarin during 6 h was 58 (range 23-85) and 64 (range 39-92)% of the administred dose in the Vegan and control groups. The coumarin index (excretion of 7-hydroxycoumarin during the first 2 h as percentage of total excretion) was 72% in the Vegan and 78% in the control groups. A negative correlation was observed between the coumarin index and the consumption of wheatgrass juice by the Vegans (r = -0.60, P < 0.01, n = 21). Proportion of slow hydroxylators (excreting 7-hydroxycoumarin after 4 h) was not statistically different between the groups (5/21 in the Vegans vs 8/20 in the controls). According to the present study, the clearly different Dietary patterns and nutrient intakes between the Vegans and the omnivores resulted in similar extent and rate of 7-hydroxycoumarin formation, indicating only a minor effect on coumarin hydroxylase (CYP2A6) activity by the plant substances in the uncooked Vegan Diet.
-
Antioxidant status in long-term adherents to a strict uncooked Vegan Diet.
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1995Co-Authors: Anna-liisa Rauma, Riitta Torronen, Hans Verhagen, Osmo Hänninen, Hannu MykkänenAbstract:Antioxidant status was investigated in 20 Finnish middle-aged female Vegans and in one male Vegan who were following a strict, uncooked Vegan Diet (living food Diet), by means of a Dietary survey and biochemical measurements (blood concentrations of vitamins C and E and β-carotene, and the activities of the zinc/copper-dependent superoxide dismutase and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase). Values were compared with those of omnivores matched for sex, age, social status, and residence. Antioxidant supplementation was used by 4 of 20 female Vegans and by 11 of 20 control subjects. Based on Dietary records, the Vegans had significantly higher intakes of β-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, and copper, and a significantly lower intake of selenium than the omnivorous control subjects. The calculated Dietary antioxidant intakes by the Vegans, expressed as percentages of the US recommended Dietary allowances, were as follows : 305% of vitamin C, 247% of vitamin A, 313% of vitamin E, 92% of zinc, 120% of copper, and 49% of selenium. Compared with the omnivores, the Vegans had significantly higher blood concentrations of β-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E, as well as higher erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity. These differences were also seen in pairs who were using no antioxidant supplements. The present data indicate that the living food Diet provides significantly more Dietary antioxidants than does the cooked, omnivorous Diet, and that the long-term adherents to this Diet have a better antioxidant status than do omnivorous control subjects.
-
antioxidant status in long term adherents to a strict uncooked Vegan Diet
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1995Co-Authors: Anna-liisa Rauma, Riitta Torronen, Hans Verhagen, Otto Hanninen, Hannu MykkänenAbstract:Antioxidant status was investigated in 20 Finnish middle-aged female Vegans and in one male Vegan who were following a strict, uncooked Vegan Diet ("living food Diet"), by means of a Dietary survey and biochemical measurements (blood concentrations of vitamins C and E and beta-carotene, and the activities of the zinc/copper-dependent superoxide dismutase and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase). Values were compared with those of omnivores matched for sex, age, social status, and residence. Antioxidant supplementation was used by 4 of 20 female Vegans and by 11 of 20 control subjects. Based on Dietary records, the Vegans had significantly higher intakes of beta-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, and copper, and a significantly lower intake of selenium than the omnivorous control subjects. The calculated Dietary antioxidant intakes by the Vegans, expressed as percentages of the US recommended Dietary allowances, were as follows: 305% of vitamin C, 247% of vitamin A, 313% of vitamin E, 92% of zinc, 120% of copper, and 49% of selenium. Compared with the omnivores, the Vegans had significantly higher blood concentrations of beta-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E, as well as higher erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity. These differences were also seen in pairs who were using no antioxidant supplements. The present data indicate that the "living food Diet" provides significantly more Dietary antioxidants than does the cooked, omnivorous Diet, and that the long-term adherents to this Diet have a better antioxidant status than do omnivorous control subjects.
Yariv Yogev - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The impact of a Vegan Diet on pregnancy outcomes
Journal of Perinatology, 2020Co-Authors: Tomer Avnon, Efrat Paz Dubinsky, Inbar Lavie, Tali Ben-mayor Bashi, Ronit Anbar, Yariv YogevAbstract:Objective To determine the effect of a maternal Vegan Diet on pregnancy outcome. Study design This is a prospective observational study. Women with a singleton pregnancy who maintained the same Diet prior to, and throughout current pregnancy were enrolled. Stratification was performed according to Diet type: Vegans, lacto–ovo–vegetarians, fish-eaters, and omnivores. Results Overall, 273 women were enrolled, of them, 112 omnivores, 37 fish-eaters, 64 lacto–ovo–vegetarians, and 60 Vegans. The Vegan Diet was significantly associated with an increased risk of small-for-gestational-age newborns compared only to an omnivore Diet (RR = 5.9, 95% CI, 1.2–21.8). The incidence of preterm birth was similar in all groups. Vegans had lower birthweight compared to lacto–ovo–vegetarians (3015 ± 420 g vs. 3285 ± 482 g, P = 0.004), and to omnivores (3328 ± 495 g, P
-
the impact of a Vegan Diet on pregnancy outcomes
Journal of Perinatology, 2020Co-Authors: Tomer Avnon, Inbar Lavie, Ronit Anbar, Yariv Yogev, Efrat Paz Dubinsky, Tali Benmayor BashiAbstract:To determine the effect of a maternal Vegan Diet on pregnancy outcome. This is a prospective observational study. Women with a singleton pregnancy who maintained the same Diet prior to, and throughout current pregnancy were enrolled. Stratification was performed according to Diet type: Vegans, lacto–ovo–vegetarians, fish-eaters, and omnivores. Overall, 273 women were enrolled, of them, 112 omnivores, 37 fish-eaters, 64 lacto–ovo–vegetarians, and 60 Vegans. The Vegan Diet was significantly associated with an increased risk of small-for-gestational-age newborns compared only to an omnivore Diet (RR = 5.9, 95% CI, 1.2–21.8). The incidence of preterm birth was similar in all groups. Vegans had lower birthweight compared to lacto–ovo–vegetarians (3015 ± 420 g vs. 3285 ± 482 g, P = 0.004), and to omnivores (3328 ± 495 g, P < 0.001), but not to fish-eaters. Vegans also had a lower mean gestational weight gain compared only to omnivores (11.6 ± 4.2 kg vs. 14.3 ± 4.6 kg, P = 0.001). The Vegan Diet is associated with an increased risk for small-for-gestational-age newborns and lower birthweight.
-
The impact of a Vegan Diet on pregnancy outcomes.
Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2020Co-Authors: Tomer Avnon, Inbar Lavie, Ronit Anbar, Efrat Paz Dubinsky, Tali Benmayor Bashi, Yariv YogevAbstract:To determine the effect of a maternal Vegan Diet on pregnancy outcome. This is a prospective observational study. Women with a singleton pregnancy who maintained the same Diet prior to, and throughout current pregnancy were enrolled. Stratification was performed according to Diet type: Vegans, lacto–ovo–vegetarians, fish-eaters, and omnivores. Overall, 273 women were enrolled, of them, 112 omnivores, 37 fish-eaters, 64 lacto–ovo–vegetarians, and 60 Vegans. The Vegan Diet was significantly associated with an increased risk of small-for-gestational-age newborns compared only to an omnivore Diet (RR = 5.9, 95% CI, 1.2–21.8). The incidence of preterm birth was similar in all groups. Vegans had lower birthweight compared to lacto–ovo–vegetarians (3015 ± 420 g vs. 3285 ± 482 g, P = 0.004), and to omnivores (3328 ± 495 g, P
-
does Vegan Diet influence umbilical cord vitamin b12 folate and ferritin levels
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2020Co-Authors: Tomer Avnon, Inbar Lavie, Ronit Anbar, Yariv Yogev, Efrat Paz Dubinsky, Tali Benmayor Bashi, Sivan ShahamAbstract:To determine the influence of maternal Diets on maternal and umbilical cord blood levels of vitamin B12, folic acid, ferritin, and hemoglobin. A prospective observational study on women who maintained the same Diet for at least 3 months prior to, and throughout current pregnancy. Women were divided according to their Diet. Diet questionnaires were filled in during the 3rd trimester. Blood samples for complete blood counts and levels of ferritin, vitamin B12, folate, and albumin were taken from the women prior to delivery and from the umbilical cord immediately after delivery. The 273 enrolled women included 112 omnivores, 37 pescatarians, 64 vegetarians, and 60 Vegans. There were no significant differences in the maternal B12 levels between the study groups (P = 0.426). Vegans had lower maternal ferritin levels compared to pescatarians (27 ± 17 vs 60 ± 74 ng/ml, respectively, P = 0.034), but not compared to vegetarians (P = 0.597), or omnivores (P = 1.000). There were no significant differences in the umbilical cord B12, folate, ferritin, and hemoglobin levels between the study groups. A sub-analysis that compared women who consumed multivitamins, B12 and iron supplements during pregnancy to women who did not, revealed differences in the levels of umbilical-cord B12 (1002 ± 608 vs 442 ± 151 pg/ml, respectively, P = 0.000) and maternal blood B12 (388 ± 209 vs 219 ± 95 pg/ml, respectively, P = 0.030) only among Vegans, but not among omnivores. Vegan Diet does not change the umbilical cord levels of B12, folic acid, ferritin, and hemoglobin. Vegans who do not take any vitamin supplementation are at greater risk for B12 deficiency than omnivores.
-
Does Vegan Diet influence umbilical cord vitamin B12, folate, and ferritin levels?
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2020Co-Authors: Tomer Avnon, Efrat Paz Dubinsky, Inbar Lavie, Tali Ben-mayor Bashi, Ronit Anbar, Sivan Shaham, Yariv YogevAbstract:Purpose To determine the influence of maternal Diets on maternal and umbilical cord blood levels of vitamin B12, folic acid, ferritin, and hemoglobin. Methods A prospective observational study on women who maintained the same Diet for at least 3 months prior to, and throughout current pregnancy. Women were divided according to their Diet. Diet questionnaires were filled in during the 3rd trimester. Blood samples for complete blood counts and levels of ferritin, vitamin B12, folate, and albumin were taken from the women prior to delivery and from the umbilical cord immediately after delivery. Results The 273 enrolled women included 112 omnivores, 37 pescatarians, 64 vegetarians, and 60 Vegans. There were no significant differences in the maternal B12 levels between the study groups ( P = 0.426). Vegans had lower maternal ferritin levels compared to pescatarians (27 ± 17 vs 60 ± 74 ng/ml, respectively, P = 0.034), but not compared to vegetarians ( P = 0.597), or omnivores ( P = 1.000). There were no significant differences in the umbilical cord B12, folate, ferritin, and hemoglobin levels between the study groups. A sub-analysis that compared women who consumed multivitamins, B12 and iron supplements during pregnancy to women who did not, revealed differences in the levels of umbilical-cord B12 (1002 ± 608 vs 442 ± 151 pg/ml, respectively, P = 0.000) and maternal blood B12 (388 ± 209 vs 219 ± 95 pg/ml, respectively , P = 0.030) only among Vegans, but not among omnivores. Conclusion Vegan Diet does not change the umbilical cord levels of B12, folic acid, ferritin, and hemoglobin. Vegans who do not take any vitamin supplementation are at greater risk for B12 deficiency than omnivores.
Riitta Torronen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Antioxidants in Vegan Diet and rheumatic disorders.
Toxicology, 2000Co-Authors: Hänninen, Anna-liisa Rauma, M. Nenonen, K Kaartinen, A S Häkkinen, Riitta Torronen, Herman Adlercreutz, Jarmo LaaksoAbstract:Plants are rich natural sources of antioxidants in addition to other nutrients. Interventions and cross sectional studies on subjects consuming uncooked Vegan Diet called living food (LF) have been carried out. We have clarified the efficacy of LF in rheumatoid diseases as an example of a health problem where inflammation is one of the main concerns. LF is an uncooked Vegan Diet and consists of berries, fruits, vegetables and roots, nuts, germinated seeds and sprouts, i.e. rich sources of carotenoids, vitamins C and E. The subjects eating LF showed highly increased levels of beta and alfa carotenes, lycopen and lutein in their sera. Also the increases of vitamin C and vitamin E (adjusted to cholesterol) were statistically significant. As the berry intake was 3-fold compared to controls the intake of polyphenolic compounds like quercetin, myricetin and kaempherol was much higher than in the omnivorous controls. The LF Diet is rich in fibre, substrate of lignan production, and the urinary excretion of polyphenols like enterodiol and enterolactone as well as secoisolaricirecinol were much increased in subjects eating LF. The shift of fibromyalgic subjects to LF resulted in a decrease of their joint stiffness and pain as well as an improvement of their self-experienced health. The rheumatoid arthritis patients eating the LF Diet also reported similar positive responses and the objective measures supported this finding. The improvement of rheumatoid arthritis was significantly correlated with the day-to-day fluctuation of subjective symptoms. In conclusion the rheumatoid patients subjectively benefited from the Vegan Diet rich in antioxidants, lactobacilli and fibre, and this was also seen in objective measures.
-
Effect of a Vegan Diet on biomarkers of chemoprevention in females
Human & Experimental Toxicology, 1996Co-Authors: Hans Verhagen, Anna-liisa Rauma, M. A. Dreve, J. J. P. Bogaards, Riitta Torronen, N. Vogel, G.c.d.m. Bruijntjes-rozier, Hannu MykkänenAbstract:1. In order to study the potential beneficial effects of a Vegan Diet, a cross-sectional study was performed and several biomarkers of chemoprevention were measured in a population of female 'living food' eaters ('Vegans'; n = 20) vs matched omnivorous controls (n = 20). 2. White blood cells obtained from fresh blood samples were subjected to the single-cell gel-electrophoresis assay. There was no statistically significant difference between the Vegans and controls in the parameters 'tail length' and 'tail moment'. However, the 'tail moment' was significantly lower in a subset of the Vegans (i.e. in those who did not use any vitamin and/or mineral supplements). 3. Fresh blood samples were exposed in vitro to the mutagen mitomycin C just prior to culturing. After culturing the number of binucleated lymphocytes with micronuclei was scored. There was no difference between the controls and Vegans in the incidence of baseline micronuclei, nor in the number of mitomycin C-induced micronuclei. However, a significant correlation (r = -0.64, P < 0.01) between the number of mitomycin C-induced micronuclei and the activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase was found in the Vegans. The number of baseline micronuclei increased with age in both groups. These findings may be of biological relevance. 4. The content of glutathione-S-transferase-α in plasma was not different between the Vegans (n = 12) and controls (n = 12). 5. The present data indicate a few differences in biomarkers of chemopreventive potential in strict Vegans vs matched omnivorous controls. The significance of these changes as biologically relevant indicators of beneficial effects of Vegan Diets in humans needs to be determined in studies with a larger number of subjects. Chemicals/CAS: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; DNA, Single-Stranded; Glutathione Transferase, EC 2.5.1.18; Mitomycin, 50-07-7; Superoxide Dismutase, EC 1.15.1.1
-
Coumarin 7-hydroxylation in long-term adherents of a strict uncooked Vegan Diet
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 1996Co-Authors: Anna-liisa Rauma, Riitta Torronen, Arja Rautio, Olavi Pelkonen, Markku Pasanen, Hannu MykkänenAbstract:Objective: Coumarin 7-hydroxylation was investigated in 21 Finnish Vegans (20 females, one male) consuming a strict, uncooked Vegan Diet (“living food Diet”) and in their matched omnivorous controls, by means of an in vivo coumarin test.
-
Coumarin 7-hydroxylation in long-term adherents of a strict uncooked Vegan Diet.
European journal of clinical pharmacology, 1996Co-Authors: Anna-liisa Rauma, Riitta Torronen, Arja Rautio, Olavi Pelkonen, Markku Pasanen, Hannu MykkänenAbstract:Coumarin 7-hydroxylation was investigated in 21 Finnish Vegans (20 females, one male) consuming a strict, uncooked Vegan Diet ("living food Diet") and in their matched omnivorous controls, by means of an in vivo coumarin test. A capsule containing 5 mg of coumarin (Venalot) was taken after an overnight fast, and urine samples were collected before and 2, 4 and 6 h after the drug administration. The extent and rate of urinary excretion of 7-hydroxycoumarin was determined using HPLC. The total urinary excretion of 7-hydroxycoumarin during 6 h was 58 (range 23-85) and 64 (range 39-92)% of the administred dose in the Vegan and control groups. The coumarin index (excretion of 7-hydroxycoumarin during the first 2 h as percentage of total excretion) was 72% in the Vegan and 78% in the control groups. A negative correlation was observed between the coumarin index and the consumption of wheatgrass juice by the Vegans (r = -0.60, P < 0.01, n = 21). Proportion of slow hydroxylators (excreting 7-hydroxycoumarin after 4 h) was not statistically different between the groups (5/21 in the Vegans vs 8/20 in the controls). According to the present study, the clearly different Dietary patterns and nutrient intakes between the Vegans and the omnivores resulted in similar extent and rate of 7-hydroxycoumarin formation, indicating only a minor effect on coumarin hydroxylase (CYP2A6) activity by the plant substances in the uncooked Vegan Diet.
-
Antioxidant status in long-term adherents to a strict uncooked Vegan Diet.
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1995Co-Authors: Anna-liisa Rauma, Riitta Torronen, Hans Verhagen, Osmo Hänninen, Hannu MykkänenAbstract:Antioxidant status was investigated in 20 Finnish middle-aged female Vegans and in one male Vegan who were following a strict, uncooked Vegan Diet (living food Diet), by means of a Dietary survey and biochemical measurements (blood concentrations of vitamins C and E and β-carotene, and the activities of the zinc/copper-dependent superoxide dismutase and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase). Values were compared with those of omnivores matched for sex, age, social status, and residence. Antioxidant supplementation was used by 4 of 20 female Vegans and by 11 of 20 control subjects. Based on Dietary records, the Vegans had significantly higher intakes of β-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, and copper, and a significantly lower intake of selenium than the omnivorous control subjects. The calculated Dietary antioxidant intakes by the Vegans, expressed as percentages of the US recommended Dietary allowances, were as follows : 305% of vitamin C, 247% of vitamin A, 313% of vitamin E, 92% of zinc, 120% of copper, and 49% of selenium. Compared with the omnivores, the Vegans had significantly higher blood concentrations of β-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E, as well as higher erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity. These differences were also seen in pairs who were using no antioxidant supplements. The present data indicate that the living food Diet provides significantly more Dietary antioxidants than does the cooked, omnivorous Diet, and that the long-term adherents to this Diet have a better antioxidant status than do omnivorous control subjects.
