The Experts below are selected from a list of 4839 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jeffrey J Zimmerman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the development of oral fluid based Diagnostics and applications in Veterinary Medicine
Animal Health Research Reviews, 2010Co-Authors: John R Prickett, Jeffrey J ZimmermanAbstract:The purpose of this review was to discuss the history of the development and implementation of oral fluid Diagnostics for infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals. The use of oral fluid for the assessment of health and diagnosis of disease in humans and animals has a surprisingly long history. As early as 1909, Pollaci and Ceraulo reported sensitive and specific agglutination of ‘ Micrococcus melitensis ’ ( Brucella melitensis ) by oral fluid from patients diagnosed with Malta Fever. A 1986 report of the detection of antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in oral fluid from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) marked the start of a remarkably rapid series of developments in oral fluid-based assays. Cumulatively, the literature strongly supports implementation of oral fluid-based Diagnostics in Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine. Pathogen-specific IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies have all been demonstrated in oral fluid collected from diverse domestic animal species in response to infection. A variety of infectious agents, both local and systemic, are shed in oral fluid, including some of the most economically significant pathogens of production animals (e.g. foot-and-mouth disease virus, classical swine fever virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus) Ultimately, point-of-care rapid assays (i.e. cow-side, sow-side or pen-side tests) and access to real-time infectious disease data will revolutionize our delivery of health management services.
Ophoff, Aislinn A - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Metabolomics in Veterinary Medicine: Untargeted metabolomic analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and targeted metabolomic analysis of Salmonella Enteritidis
Iowa State University Digital Repository, 2019Co-Authors: Ophoff, Aislinn AAbstract:Metabolomics is an emerging Diagnostic method within Veterinary Medicine used to examine small molecule metabolites within bodily samples. Neither targeted nor untargeted metabolomic methods have been widely used in Veterinary Medicine, especially in the areas of PRRSV vaccination biomarkers or targeted metabolite kits in Salmonella Enteritidis pathogenicity. In order to evaluate the utility of untargeted metabolomics, the use of readily collectable serum and oral fluid samples were compared to characterize the metabolic changes in response to PRRSV vaccination. The samples were extracted using an RPLC method on a Thermo Fisher Dionex Ultimate 3000 UHPLC and Q Exactive Focus Quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer instrument. Mass to charge ratios (m/z) were analyzed and found to be significantly different across the experimental time course. M/z were compared to known metabolomic databases and several metabolites were identified as putative biomarkers for disease status including cytidine for serum metabolites, and protocatechuic acid and guanine for oral fluid samples. This project provides a basic proof-of-concept for the application of untargeted metabolomics in Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine, including the application of these approaches to novel oral fluid samples. However, a number of challenges were identified that will limit the approach and additional research is required to validate the utility and reliability of these metabolites as a biomarker Diagnostic test. In order to demonstrate an alternate approach to Veterinary infectious disease monitoring, a targeted metabolomic analysis method was used to examine poultry plasma prior to and following inoculation with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. The targeted metabolomic kit, Biocrates AbsoluteIDQ® p400 HR Kit, was used to process poultry plasma samples and ran on similar mass spectrometer instrumentation to that of the untargeted approach. The metabolite kit successfully provided the concentrations of known metabolites within the samples. Data analysis determined a significant difference in the metabolite profiles when comparing control and inoculated chicks, as well as between the different lines of chicks. The following metabolites were found to be of major significance between the samples by PLSDA and sPLSDA analysis: Cholesteryl ester 20:4, Hexoses, Glutamine, Cholesteryl ester 18:1, Lysophosphatidylcholine 18:2, Proline, and Phosphatidylcholine 34:2. Further analysis is required to determine the metabolic function of each of these metabolites, as well as their role in Salmonella infection. These studies confirmed that metabolomics approaches have utility in Veterinary Diagnostics as a tool of preventative Medicine. However, the studies also identified some limitations with each method including the difficulty in matching untargeted metabolomic data to database networks, in addition to overall cost of metabolomic analysis. The outcomes demonstrate the need for researchers to carefully evaluate the goals of their proposed metabolomic projects and select the correct platform that is most likely to yield actionable data
John R Prickett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the development of oral fluid based Diagnostics and applications in Veterinary Medicine
Animal Health Research Reviews, 2010Co-Authors: John R Prickett, Jeffrey J ZimmermanAbstract:The purpose of this review was to discuss the history of the development and implementation of oral fluid Diagnostics for infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals. The use of oral fluid for the assessment of health and diagnosis of disease in humans and animals has a surprisingly long history. As early as 1909, Pollaci and Ceraulo reported sensitive and specific agglutination of ‘ Micrococcus melitensis ’ ( Brucella melitensis ) by oral fluid from patients diagnosed with Malta Fever. A 1986 report of the detection of antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in oral fluid from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) marked the start of a remarkably rapid series of developments in oral fluid-based assays. Cumulatively, the literature strongly supports implementation of oral fluid-based Diagnostics in Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine. Pathogen-specific IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies have all been demonstrated in oral fluid collected from diverse domestic animal species in response to infection. A variety of infectious agents, both local and systemic, are shed in oral fluid, including some of the most economically significant pathogens of production animals (e.g. foot-and-mouth disease virus, classical swine fever virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus) Ultimately, point-of-care rapid assays (i.e. cow-side, sow-side or pen-side tests) and access to real-time infectious disease data will revolutionize our delivery of health management services.
James F Zachary - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
eosinophilic colitis and hepatitis in a horse with colonic intramucosal ciliated protozoa
Veterinary Pathology, 1996Co-Authors: Richard A French, William A Meier, James F ZacharyAbstract:Tissues from a 9-year-old American Standardbred gelding with a history of anorexia, mild colic, and unexpected death were submitted to the Laboratories of Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine at the University of Illinois for histopathologic examination. Microscopic diagnoses were severe subacute, diffuse eosinophilic colitis with intralesional protozoa and a subacute to chronic eosinophilic portal hepatitis with granuloma formation. Two tissue-invading, ciliated protozoa were identified in large numbers within the colonic mucosa. The ciliates were Polymorphella ampulla and Cycloposthium sp., Phy1um:Ciliophora. The eosinophilic colitis and portal hepatitis in association with the overpopulation and invasion by the ciliated protozoa suggests a causal etiology. In the large intestine of horses, ciliated protozoa generally are thought to be harmless, intraluminal commensals. The variety and number of ciliates in the cecum and colon of equids are well documented with more than 50 species iden- tified.lz4l8 The fauna ofthe proximal large intestine (the cecum and ventral colon) differs from that of the distal large intestine (the dorsal and small colon). The highest populations of cil- iates occur in the left dorsal colon and the lowest in the cecum, and the ciliate population has been shown to fluctuate with daily variation~.~.8 In addition, not all horses carry all species of ciliate^.^^^^^ The ciliate fauna has been evaluated by examination of feces from clinically normal horses.' Ciliated protozoa, Phylum:Ciliophora, incriminated in co- lonic disease in the horse have included Balantidium coli, lo Blepharoconus benbrooki,s Cycloposthium SP.,~~ Paraisotri- cha minuta,5 and Polyrnorphella amp~lla.~~~ Only the genus Balantidium, normally a commensal ciliate of the large in- testinal lumen, has been defined as a specific disease-causing and tissue-invading pathogen in mammals.* Other protozoa, exclusive of the apicomplexa, incriminated in causing diar- rheic disease or chronic diarrhea in horses have included flagellated protozoa, Phylum:Sarcomastigophora, such as Trichomoras ~pp.,~,~ Giardia SP.,~,~-~O and Chilomastix SP.~ Large numbers of protozoa, and specifically ciliates, can be found in some diarrheic feces, but their etiologic significance is undetermined. The following report documents a case of eosinophilic co- litis and concomitant eosinophilic hepatitis in a horse in which numerous tissue-invading ciliated protozoa were iden- tified in colonic sections. Tissues from a 9-year-old American Standardbred gelding were submitted to the Laboratories of Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine at the University of Illinois for histopathologic examination. The horse had a history of periodic anorexia in the preceding 4-5 months, was off feed 3 days prior to initial examination, and was treated for mild colic with mineral oil and an analgesic (BanamineB , Schering Corporation, Kenilworth, NJ) 18 hours prior to death. A field postmortem examination was performed within 4 hours after death. Tissues were fixed in 10% neutral buffered for- malin, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 4 pm, and stained with hematoxlyin and eosin for routine histologic evaluation. Microscopically, the lamina propria of all large colon sec- tions examined
Richard A French - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
eosinophilic colitis and hepatitis in a horse with colonic intramucosal ciliated protozoa
Veterinary Pathology, 1996Co-Authors: Richard A French, William A Meier, James F ZacharyAbstract:Tissues from a 9-year-old American Standardbred gelding with a history of anorexia, mild colic, and unexpected death were submitted to the Laboratories of Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine at the University of Illinois for histopathologic examination. Microscopic diagnoses were severe subacute, diffuse eosinophilic colitis with intralesional protozoa and a subacute to chronic eosinophilic portal hepatitis with granuloma formation. Two tissue-invading, ciliated protozoa were identified in large numbers within the colonic mucosa. The ciliates were Polymorphella ampulla and Cycloposthium sp., Phy1um:Ciliophora. The eosinophilic colitis and portal hepatitis in association with the overpopulation and invasion by the ciliated protozoa suggests a causal etiology. In the large intestine of horses, ciliated protozoa generally are thought to be harmless, intraluminal commensals. The variety and number of ciliates in the cecum and colon of equids are well documented with more than 50 species iden- tified.lz4l8 The fauna ofthe proximal large intestine (the cecum and ventral colon) differs from that of the distal large intestine (the dorsal and small colon). The highest populations of cil- iates occur in the left dorsal colon and the lowest in the cecum, and the ciliate population has been shown to fluctuate with daily variation~.~.8 In addition, not all horses carry all species of ciliate^.^^^^^ The ciliate fauna has been evaluated by examination of feces from clinically normal horses.' Ciliated protozoa, Phylum:Ciliophora, incriminated in co- lonic disease in the horse have included Balantidium coli, lo Blepharoconus benbrooki,s Cycloposthium SP.,~~ Paraisotri- cha minuta,5 and Polyrnorphella amp~lla.~~~ Only the genus Balantidium, normally a commensal ciliate of the large in- testinal lumen, has been defined as a specific disease-causing and tissue-invading pathogen in mammals.* Other protozoa, exclusive of the apicomplexa, incriminated in causing diar- rheic disease or chronic diarrhea in horses have included flagellated protozoa, Phylum:Sarcomastigophora, such as Trichomoras ~pp.,~,~ Giardia SP.,~,~-~O and Chilomastix SP.~ Large numbers of protozoa, and specifically ciliates, can be found in some diarrheic feces, but their etiologic significance is undetermined. The following report documents a case of eosinophilic co- litis and concomitant eosinophilic hepatitis in a horse in which numerous tissue-invading ciliated protozoa were iden- tified in colonic sections. Tissues from a 9-year-old American Standardbred gelding were submitted to the Laboratories of Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine at the University of Illinois for histopathologic examination. The horse had a history of periodic anorexia in the preceding 4-5 months, was off feed 3 days prior to initial examination, and was treated for mild colic with mineral oil and an analgesic (BanamineB , Schering Corporation, Kenilworth, NJ) 18 hours prior to death. A field postmortem examination was performed within 4 hours after death. Tissues were fixed in 10% neutral buffered for- malin, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 4 pm, and stained with hematoxlyin and eosin for routine histologic evaluation. Microscopically, the lamina propria of all large colon sec- tions examined
