The Experts below are selected from a list of 249 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Carmina Gisbert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Somatic embryogenesis from seeds in a broad range of Vitis vinifera L. varieties: rescue of true-to-type Virus-Free Plants
BMC Plant Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Tània San Pedro, Rosana Peiro, Antonio Olmos, Najet Gammoudi, Carmina GisbertAbstract:BackgroundSomatic embryogenesis is the preferred method for cell to plant regeneration in Vitis vinifera L. However, low frequencies of plant embryo conversion are commonly found. In a previous work we obtained from cut-seeds of a grapevine infected with the Grapevine leafroll associated viruses 1 and 3 (GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3), high rates of direct regeneration, embryo plant conversion and sanitation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of this procedure for regeneration of other grapevine varieties which include some infected with one to three common grapevine viruses (GLRaV-3, Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV)). As grapevine is highly heterozygous, it was necessary to select from among the Virus-Free Plants those that regenerated from mother tissues around the embryo, (true-to-type).ResultsSomatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration were achieved in a first experiment, using cut-seeds from the 14 grapevine varieties Airén, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Mencía, Merlot, Monastrell, Petit Verdot, Pinot Blanc (infected by GFLV and GFkV), Pinot Gris, Pinot Meunier, Pinot Noir, Syrah, Tempranillo (infected by GFLV), and Verdil. All regenerated Plants were confirmed to be free of GFkV whereas at least 68% sanitation was obtained for GFLV. The SSR profiles of the Virus-Free Plants showed, in both varieties, around 10% regeneration from mother tissue (the same genetic make-up as the mother plant). In a second experiment, this procedure was used to sanitize the varieties Cabernet Franc, Godello, Merlot and Valencí Blanc infected by GLRaV-3, GFkV and/or GFLV.ConclusionsCut-seeds can be used as exPlants for embryogenesis induction and plant conversion in a broad range of grapevine varieties. The high regeneration rates obtained with this procedure facilitate the posterior selection of true-to-type Virus-Free Plants. A sanitation rate of 100% was obtained for GFkV as this virus is not seed-transmitted. However, the presence of GLRaV-3 and GFLV in some of the regenerated Plants showed that both viruses are seed-transmitted. The regeneration of true-to-type Virus-Free Plants from all infected varieties indicates that this methodology may represent an alternative procedure for virus cleaning in grapevine.
Qiao-chun Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cryobiotechnology of apple (Malus spp.): development, progress and future prospects.
Plant cell reports, 2018Co-Authors: Min-rui Wang, Long Chen, Jaime A. Teixeira Da Silva, Gayle M. Volk, Qiao-chun WangAbstract:Cryopreservation provides valuable genes for further breeding of elite cultivars, and cryotherapy improves the production of Virus-Free Plants in Malus spp., thus assisting the sustainable development of the apple industry. Apple (Malus spp.) is one of the most economically important temperate fruit crops. Wild Malus genetic resources and existing cultivars provide valuable genes for breeding new elite cultivars and rootstocks through traditional and biotechnological breeding programs. These valuable genes include those resistant to abiotic factors such as drought and salinity, and to biotic factors such as fungi, bacteria and aphids. Over the last three decades, great progress has been made in apple cryobiology, making Malus one of the most extensively studied plant genera with respect to cryopreservation. ExPlants such as pollen, seeds, in vivo dormant buds, and in vitro shoot tips have all been successfully cryopreserved, and large Malus cryobanks have been established. Cryotherapy has been used for virus eradication, to obtain Virus-Free apple Plants. Cryopreservation provided valuable genes for further breeding of elite cultivars, and cryotherapy improved the production of Virus-Free Plants in Malus spp., thus assisting the sustainable development of the apple industry. This review provides updated and comprehensive information on the development and progress of apple cryopreservation and cryotherapy. Future research will reveal new applications and uses for apple cryopreservation and cryotherapy.
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In vitro thermotherapy-based methods for plant virus eradication
BMC, 2018Co-Authors: Min-rui Wang, Zhen-hua Cui, Xin-yi Hao, Lei Zhao, Qiao-chun WangAbstract:Abstract Production of Virus-Free Plants is necessary to control viral diseases, import novel cultivars from other countries, exchange breeding materials between countries or regions and preserve plant germplasm. In vitro techniques represent the most successful approaches for virus eradication. In vitro thermotherapy-based methods, including combining thermotherapy with shoot tip culture, chemotherapy, micrografting or shoot tip cryotherapy, have been successfully established for efficient eradication of various viruses from almost all of the most economically important crops. The present study reviewed recent advances in in vitro thermotherapy-based methods for virus eradication since the twenty-first century. Mechanisms as to why thermotherapy-based methods could efficiently eradicate viruses were discussed. Finally, future prospects were proposed to direct further studies
A. A. Zaidi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occurrence of Peanut stripe virus on patchouli and raising of Virus-Free patchouli Plants by meristem tip culture
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 2009Co-Authors: M. K. Singh, V. Chandel, V. Hallan, A. A. ZaidiAbstract:Patchouli ( Pogostemon cablin ) was found infected with a viral disease showing mosaic symptoms on the leaves in the Chand-pur farm at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology campus, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India. After ELISA, RT-PCR, IC-PCR and sequencing, the virus was identified as Peanut stripe virus (PStV). Sequence comparison with corresponding sequences of established potyviruses showed 52–93% homol-ogy at nucleotide level. Peanut stripe virus was eliminated from Patchouli Plants using meristem tip culture. MS medium amended with benzylaminopurine (2 mg l^−1) and indole3-bu-tyric acid (0.05 mg l^−1) was used for shoot proliferation and rooting of Plants, respectively. More than 88.89% Virus-Free Plants were obtained from 0.2 mm of meristem as shown by indirect ELISA whereas 80.55% Virus-Free Plants were obtained from 0.3 mm size of meristem as indicated by RT-PCR. Auf der Chandpur Farm des Institute of Himalayan Bioresour-ce Technology, Campus Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, Indien, wurde eine Virose mit Blattmosaik-Symptomen an Indischem Patschuli ( Pogostemon cablin ) entdeckt. Mittels ELISA, RT-PCR, IC-PCR und Gensequenzierung wurde der Erreger als Peanut stripe virus (PStV) identifiziert. Ein Sequenzvergleich mit bekannten Potyviren ergab Homologien von 52–93% auf dem Nucleotidlevel. Das Peanut stripe virus konnte mit Hilfe der Meristemspitzenkultur aus den Patschulipflanzen elimi-niert werden. Zur Spro ß - und Wurzelbildung der Calli wurde MS-Medium verwendet, dem 2 mg ml^−1 Benzylaminopurin bzw. 0,05 mg ml^−1 Indolbuttersäure zugegeben wurde. Mehr als 88,89% virusfreie Pflanzen wurden, wie die indirekte ELISA zeigte, aus 0,2 mm gro ß en Meristemstücken gewon-nen, während die RT-PCR ergab, dass sich aus 0,3 mm gro ß en Meristemen 80,55% virusfreie Pflanzen entwickelten.
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Occurrence of Peanut stripe virus on patchouli and raising of Virus-Free patchouli Plants by meristem tip culture
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 2009Co-Authors: M. K. Singh, V. Chandel, V. Hallan, Raja Ram, A. A. ZaidiAbstract:Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) was found infected with a viral disease showing mosaic symptoms on the leaves in the Chand-pur farm at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology campus, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India. After ELISA, RT-PCR, IC-PCR and sequencing, the virus was identified as Peanut stripe virus (PStV). Sequence comparison with corresponding sequences of established potyviruses showed 52–93% homol-ogy at nucleotide level. Peanut stripe virus was eliminated from Patchouli Plants using meristem tip culture. MS medium amended with benzylaminopurine (2 mg l−1) and indole3-bu-tyric acid (0.05 mg l−1) was used for shoot proliferation and rooting of Plants, respectively. More than 88.89% Virus-Free Plants were obtained from 0.2 mm of meristem as shown by indirect ELISA whereas 80.55% Virus-Free Plants were obtained from 0.3 mm size of meristem as indicated by RT-PCR.
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In vitro production of Indian citrus ringspot Virus-Free Plants of Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour × C. deliciosa Tenora) by nucellar embryo culture.
Plant Pathology Journal, 2006Co-Authors: Bikram Singh, V. Hallan, A. A. Zaidi, Seema Sharma, G. Rani, G. S. Virk, Avinash Kaur NagpalAbstract:Indian citrus ringspot virus (ICRSV)-free Plants of Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lourx C. deliciosa Tenora) were produced from a virus-infected plant using nucellar embryo culture. The parent kinnow plant was tested by indirect ELISA and RT-PCR before using its exPlants. An amplified product of 539 bp (partial cp gene) was obtained by RT-PCR in ICRSV infected Plants. The nucellar embryos obtained from seeds collected from immature fruits of the infected plant were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) basal medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-D and malt extract (ME) alone or in various combinations. Maximum embryogenic callus induction (33.33%) was observed on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (9.02 μM) in combination with malt extract (400 mg L-1). Transfer of embryogenic calli to MS medium containing different concentrations of malt extract alone or in combination with ABA resulted in somatic embryogenesis with a maximum of 56.94% cultures in MS medium supplemented with malt extract (500 mg L-1) and ABA (7.56 μM). Cotyledonary shaped embryos when transferred to different strengths of MS medium supplemented with NAA (10.74 μM) developed into complete plantlets in maximum of 72.22% cultures on ½ MS medium. The plantlets were successfully acclimatizated, transferred to screen house and indexed for ICRSV employing indirect ELISA and RT-PCR and all were found negative of virus. A distinct feature of this study is the induction of somatic embryogenesis from nucellar embryos to produce Virus-Free Plants.
Tània San Pedro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Somatic embryogenesis from seeds in a broad range of Vitis vinifera L. varieties: rescue of true-to-type Virus-Free Plants
BMC Plant Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Tània San Pedro, Rosana Peiro, Antonio Olmos, Najet Gammoudi, Carmina GisbertAbstract:BackgroundSomatic embryogenesis is the preferred method for cell to plant regeneration in Vitis vinifera L. However, low frequencies of plant embryo conversion are commonly found. In a previous work we obtained from cut-seeds of a grapevine infected with the Grapevine leafroll associated viruses 1 and 3 (GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3), high rates of direct regeneration, embryo plant conversion and sanitation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of this procedure for regeneration of other grapevine varieties which include some infected with one to three common grapevine viruses (GLRaV-3, Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV)). As grapevine is highly heterozygous, it was necessary to select from among the Virus-Free Plants those that regenerated from mother tissues around the embryo, (true-to-type).ResultsSomatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration were achieved in a first experiment, using cut-seeds from the 14 grapevine varieties Airén, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Mencía, Merlot, Monastrell, Petit Verdot, Pinot Blanc (infected by GFLV and GFkV), Pinot Gris, Pinot Meunier, Pinot Noir, Syrah, Tempranillo (infected by GFLV), and Verdil. All regenerated Plants were confirmed to be free of GFkV whereas at least 68% sanitation was obtained for GFLV. The SSR profiles of the Virus-Free Plants showed, in both varieties, around 10% regeneration from mother tissue (the same genetic make-up as the mother plant). In a second experiment, this procedure was used to sanitize the varieties Cabernet Franc, Godello, Merlot and Valencí Blanc infected by GLRaV-3, GFkV and/or GFLV.ConclusionsCut-seeds can be used as exPlants for embryogenesis induction and plant conversion in a broad range of grapevine varieties. The high regeneration rates obtained with this procedure facilitate the posterior selection of true-to-type Virus-Free Plants. A sanitation rate of 100% was obtained for GFkV as this virus is not seed-transmitted. However, the presence of GLRaV-3 and GFLV in some of the regenerated Plants showed that both viruses are seed-transmitted. The regeneration of true-to-type Virus-Free Plants from all infected varieties indicates that this methodology may represent an alternative procedure for virus cleaning in grapevine.
Min-rui Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cryobiotechnology of apple (Malus spp.): development, progress and future prospects.
Plant cell reports, 2018Co-Authors: Min-rui Wang, Long Chen, Jaime A. Teixeira Da Silva, Gayle M. Volk, Qiao-chun WangAbstract:Cryopreservation provides valuable genes for further breeding of elite cultivars, and cryotherapy improves the production of Virus-Free Plants in Malus spp., thus assisting the sustainable development of the apple industry. Apple (Malus spp.) is one of the most economically important temperate fruit crops. Wild Malus genetic resources and existing cultivars provide valuable genes for breeding new elite cultivars and rootstocks through traditional and biotechnological breeding programs. These valuable genes include those resistant to abiotic factors such as drought and salinity, and to biotic factors such as fungi, bacteria and aphids. Over the last three decades, great progress has been made in apple cryobiology, making Malus one of the most extensively studied plant genera with respect to cryopreservation. ExPlants such as pollen, seeds, in vivo dormant buds, and in vitro shoot tips have all been successfully cryopreserved, and large Malus cryobanks have been established. Cryotherapy has been used for virus eradication, to obtain Virus-Free apple Plants. Cryopreservation provided valuable genes for further breeding of elite cultivars, and cryotherapy improved the production of Virus-Free Plants in Malus spp., thus assisting the sustainable development of the apple industry. This review provides updated and comprehensive information on the development and progress of apple cryopreservation and cryotherapy. Future research will reveal new applications and uses for apple cryopreservation and cryotherapy.
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In vitro thermotherapy-based methods for plant virus eradication
BMC, 2018Co-Authors: Min-rui Wang, Zhen-hua Cui, Xin-yi Hao, Lei Zhao, Qiao-chun WangAbstract:Abstract Production of Virus-Free Plants is necessary to control viral diseases, import novel cultivars from other countries, exchange breeding materials between countries or regions and preserve plant germplasm. In vitro techniques represent the most successful approaches for virus eradication. In vitro thermotherapy-based methods, including combining thermotherapy with shoot tip culture, chemotherapy, micrografting or shoot tip cryotherapy, have been successfully established for efficient eradication of various viruses from almost all of the most economically important crops. The present study reviewed recent advances in in vitro thermotherapy-based methods for virus eradication since the twenty-first century. Mechanisms as to why thermotherapy-based methods could efficiently eradicate viruses were discussed. Finally, future prospects were proposed to direct further studies
