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Walter C. Willett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prenatal Vitamin Intake during pregnancy and offspring obesity
2016Co-Authors: Marcelle M. Dougan, Walter C. Willett, Karin B. MichelsAbstract:Background/Objectives—In animal studies, exposure to multi-Vitamins may be associated with obesity in the offspring; however, data in humans is sparse. We therefore examined the association between prenatal Vitamin Intake during pregnancy and offspring obesity. Subjects/Methods—We investigated the association between prenatal Vitamin Intake and obesity among 29 160 mother-daughter dyads in the Nurses ’ Health Study II. Mothers of participants provided information on prenatal Vitamin use during pregnancy with the nurse daughter. Information on body fatness at ages 5 and 10, body mass index (BMI) at age 18, weight in 1989 and 2009, waist circumference, and height was obtained from the daughter. Polytomous logistic regression was used to predict BMI in early adulthood and adulthood, and body fatness in childhood. Linear regression was used to predict waist circumference in adulthood. Results—In utero exposure to prenatal Vitamins was not associated with body fatness, either in childhood or adulthood. Women whose mothers took prenatal Vitamins during pregnancy had a covariate-adjusted odds ratio of being obese in adulthood of 0.99 (95 % CI 0.92 – 1.05, P-value = 0.68) compared to women whose mothers did not take prenatal Vitamins. Women whose mother
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a prospective study of folate Vitamin b and Vitamin b Intake in relation to exfoliation glaucoma or suspected exfoliation glaucoma
JAMA Ophthalmology, 2014Co-Authors: Jae H Kang, Walter C. Willett, Janey L Wiggs, Louis R Pasquale, Stephanie J LoomisAbstract:Importance Effective strategies for primary prevention are lacking for exfoliation glaucoma (EG), which is the most common type of secondary glaucoma. Objective To examine the association between B Vitamin Intake and EG or suspected EG (EG/SEG) risk. Design, Setting, and Participants National prospective cohort study using more than 20 years of follow-up data from the Nurses’ Health Study (all female registered nurses) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (all male health professionals) from June 1, 1980, to May 31, 2010 (Nurses’ Health Study) and January 1, 1986, to December 31, 2010 (Health Professionals Follow-up Study). We included a subset of 78 980 Nurses’ Health Study women and 41 221 Health Professionals Follow-up Study men who were 40 years or older, free of glaucoma, had completed diet questionnaires, and reported eye examinations (follow-up rate, >85%). Exposures Cumulatively updated Intake of B Vitamins (folate, Vitamin B 6 , and Vitamin B 12 ) as ascertained by repeated administration of validated questionnaires. Main Outcomes and Measures Incident cases of EG/SEG, totaling 399 (329 women and 70 men), were first identified with the questionnaires and were subsequently confirmed with medical records. Multivariable relative risks for EG/SEG were calculated in each cohort and then pooled with meta-analysis. Results Vitamin B 6 and Vitamin B 12 Intake was not associated with EG/SEG risk in pooled analyses ( P = .52 and P = .99 for linear trend, respectively). However, a suggestive trend of a reduced risk was observed with higher Intake of folate: compared with the lowest quintile of cumulatively averaged updated total folate Intake, the multivariable relative risk for EG/SEG for the highest quintile (≥654 μg/d) was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.54-1.04; P = .02 for linear trend). These results were not materially altered after adjustment for Vitamin B 6 and Vitamin B 12 Intake. An association was observed for supplemental folate Intake but not for dietary folate only ( P = .03 and P = .64 for linear trend, respectively). Greater frequency of multiVitamin use showed a modest suggestive inverse association (current multiVitamin use of ≥6 times per week vs nonuse multivariable relative risk, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.64-1.11; P = .06 for linear trend). Conclusions and Relevance Higher total folate Intake was associated with a suggestive lower risk for EG/SEG, supporting a possible causal role of homocysteine in EG/SEG.
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Prenatal Vitamin Intake during pregnancy and offspring obesity
International Journal of Obesity, 2013Co-Authors: Marcelle M. Dougan, Walter C. Willett, Karin B. MichelsAbstract:In animal studies, exposure to multiVitamins may be associated with obesity in the offspring; however, data in humans are sparse. We therefore examined the association between prenatal Vitamin Intake during pregnancy and offspring obesity. We investigated the association between prenatal Vitamin Intake and obesity among 29 160 mother–daughter dyads in the Nurses’ Health Study II. Mothers of participants provided information on prenatal Vitamin use during pregnancy with the nurse daughter. Information on body fatness at ages 5 and 10, body mass index (BMI) at age 18, weight in 1989 and 2009, waist circumference, and height was obtained from the daughter. Polytomous logistic regression was used to predict BMI in early adulthood and adulthood, and body fatness in childhood. Linear regression was used to predict waist circumference in adulthood. In utero exposure to prenatal Vitamins was not associated with body fatness, either in childhood or in adulthood. Women whose mothers took prenatal Vitamins during pregnancy had a covariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of being obese in adulthood of 0.99 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92–1.05, P-value=0.68) compared with women whose mothers did not take prenatal Vitamins. Women whose mothers took prenatal Vitamins during pregnancy had a covariate-adjusted OR of having the largest body shape at age 5 of 1.02 (95% CI 0.90–1.15, P-value=0.78). In additional analyses, in utero exposure to prenatal Vitamins was also unrelated to adult abdominal adiposity. Exposure to prenatal Vitamins was not associated with body fatness either in childhood or in adulthood.
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Vitamin and micronutrient Intake and the risk of community acquired pneumonia in us women
The American Journal of Medicine, 2007Co-Authors: Walter C. Willett, Mark I Neuman, Gary C CurhanAbstract:Background There are limited data regarding the role of dietary and supplemental Vitamin Intake and the risk of community-acquired pneumonia.
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the use of b Vitamin supplements and peripheral arterial disease risk in men are inversely related
Journal of Nutrition, 2003Co-Authors: Anwar T Merchant, Walter C. Willett, Donna Spiegelman, Eric B Rimm, Alberto AscherioAbstract:Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) causes morbidity and is associated with mortality. B Vitamin Intake has been inversely associated with coronary heart disease, but their effects on PAD are not known. We examined prospectively the relationships between dietary folate, Vitamin B-6 and B-12 and PAD risk in 51529 male U.S. health professionals, aged 40 to 75 y, who answered a detailed 131-item questionnaire to assess diet and Vitamin supplement use. The study population consisted of 46036 men free of PAD, cardiovascular disease and diabetes at baseline followed for 12 y during which we documented 308 incident PAD cases. For every 400 microg/d increment of folate Intake, the multivariate adjusted PAD risk decreased by 21% [relative risk (RR) = 0.79, 95% CI 0.64-0.96]. Men in the top category of folate Intake (median = 840 micro g) were at 33% lower risk of PAD than men in the bottom category (median = 244 microg) (RR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.45-0.96, P-value, test for trend = 0.03) after multivariate adjustment. There were weak inverse associations between Intake of Vitamin B-6 and PAD risk (RR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.48-1.02, P-value, test for trend = 0.06) and B-12 (RR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.54-1.11, P-value, test for trend = 0.12). These results suggest that higher consumption of folate may contribute to the prevention of PAD.
C E Davis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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prospective study of coronary heart disease incidence in relation to fasting total homocysteine related genetic polymorphisms and b Vitamins the atherosclerosis risk in communities aric study
Circulation, 1998Co-Authors: Aaron R Folsom, Javier F Nieto, Paul G Mcgovern, Michael Y Tsai, Rene M Malinow, John H Eckfeldt, David L Hess, C E DavisAbstract:Background—Elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), low B-Vitamin Intake, and genetic polymorphisms related to tHcy metabolism may play roles in coronary heart disease (CHD). More prospective studies are needed. Methods and Results—We used a prospective case-cohort design to determine whether tHcy-related factors are associated with incidence of CHD over an average of 3.3 years of follow-up in a biracial sample of middle-aged men and women. Age-, race-, and field center–adjusted CHD incidence was associated positively (P<0.05) with tHcy in women but not men, and CHD was associated negatively (P<0.05) with plasma folate (women only), plasma pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (both sexes), and Vitamin supplementation (women only). However, after accounting for other risk factors, only plasma pyridoxal 5′-phosphate was associated with CHD incidence; the relative risk for the highest versus lowest quintile of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate was 0.28 (95% CI=0.1 to 0.7). There was no association of CHD with the C677T mutation of...
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prospective study of coronary heart disease incidence in relation to fasting total homocysteine related genetic polymorphisms and b Vitamins the atherosclerosis risk in communities aric study
Circulation, 1998Co-Authors: Aaron R Folsom, Javier F Nieto, Paul G Mcgovern, Michael Y Tsai, Rene M Malinow, John H Eckfeldt, David L Hess, C E DavisAbstract:BACKGROUND: Elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), low B-Vitamin Intake, and genetic polymorphisms related to tHcy metabolism may play roles in coronary heart disease (CHD). More prospective studies are needed. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used a prospective case-cohort design to determine whether tHcy-related factors are associated with incidence of CHD over an average of 3.3 years of follow-up in a biracial sample of middle-aged men and women. Age-, race-, and field center-adjusted CHD incidence was associated positively (P<0.05) with tHcy in women but not men, and CHD was associated negatively (P<0.05) with plasma folate (women only), plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (both sexes), and Vitamin supplementation (women only). However, after accounting for other risk factors, only plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate was associated with CHD incidence; the relative risk for the highest versus lowest quintile of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate was 0.28 (95% CI=0.1 to 0.7). There was no association of CHD with the C677T mutation of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene or with 3 mutations of the cystathionine beta-synthase gene. CONCLUSIONS: Our prospective findings add uncertainty to conclusions derived mostly from cross-sectional studies that tHcy is a major, independent, causative risk factor for CHD. Our findings point more strongly to the possibility that Vitamin B6 offers independent protection. Randomized trials, some of which are under way, are needed to better clarify the interrelationships of tHcy, B Vitamins, and cardiovascular disease.
Almudena Sanchezvillegas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dietary assessment methods for micronutrient Intake a systematic review on Vitamins
British Journal of Nutrition, 2009Co-Authors: Patricia Henriquezsanchez, Almudena Sanchezvillegas, Jorge Dorestealonso, Adriana Ortizandrellucchi, Karina Pfrimer, Lluis SerramajemAbstract:The EURRECA Network of Excellence is working towards the development of aligned micronutrient recommendations across Europe. The purpose of the present study was to define how to identify dietary Intake validation studies in adults pertaining to Vitamins. After establishing a search strategy, we conducted a MEDLINE and EMBASE literature review. A scoring system was developed to rate the quality of each validation study according to sample size, statistical methods, data collection procedure, seasonality and Vitamin supplement use. This produced a quality index with possible scores obtained ranging from 0·5 to 7. Five thousand four-hundred and seventy-six papers were identified. The numbers meeting the inclusion criteria were: for Vitamin A, 76; Vitamin C, 108; Vitamin D, 21; Vitamin E, 75; folic acid, 47; Vitamin B12, 19; Vitamin B6, 21; thiamine, 49; riboflavin, 49; and niacin, 32. The most frequently used method to ascertain dietary Intake was the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), whereas dietary records (DR) and 24-h recalls were the most used reference methods. The correlation coefficients (CC) between Vitamin Intakes estimated by FFQ and the reference method were weighted according to the study’s quality index and ranged from 0·41 to 0·53 when the reference method was the DR and from 0·43 to 0·67 when the reference was 24-h recalls. A minority of studies (n 33) used biomarkers for validation and in these the CC ranged from 0·26 to 0·38. The FFQ is an acceptable method of assessing Vitamin Intake. The present review provides new insights regarding the characteristics that assessment methods for dietary Intake should fulfil. Dietary assessment: FFQ: Validation: Vitamins
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association between folate Vitamin b6 and Vitamin b12 Intake and depression in the sun cohort study
Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 2009Co-Authors: Almudena Sanchezvillegas, Jorge Doreste, Javier Schlatter, J Pla, Maira Besrastrollo, Miguel A MartinezgonzalezAbstract:Background: An association between low blood levels of folate, Vitamins B6 and B12 and a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms has been reported in several epidemiological studies. The present study aimed to assess the association between folate, Vitamins B6 and B12 Intake and depresion prevalence in the SUN cohort study. Methods: The study comprised a cross-sectional analysis of 9670 participants. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to ascertain Vitamin Intake. The association between the baseline Intake of folate, Vitamins B6 and B12 categorized in quintiles and the prevalence of depression was assessed. The analyses were repeated after stratifying by smoking habits, alcohol Intake, physical activity and personality traits. Results: Among women, odds ratios (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] for the third to fifth quintile for Vitamin B12 Intake were 0.58 (0.41–0.84), 0.56 (0.38–0.82) and 0.68 (0.45–1.04), respectively. Among those men with a low level of anxiety and current smokers, a significant positive association between low folate Intake and the prevalence of depression was found. The OR (95% CI) for the first quintile of Intake was 2.85 (1.49–5.45) and 2.18 (1.08–4.38), respectively, compared to the upper quintiles of Intake (Q2–Q5) considered as a group. Conclusion: Low folate Intake was associated with depression among currently smoking men and men with low anxiety levels. Low Intake of Vitamin B12 was associated with depression among women. No significant associations were found for Vitamin B6 Intake.
Aaron R Folsom - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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prospective study of coronary heart disease incidence in relation to fasting total homocysteine related genetic polymorphisms and b Vitamins the atherosclerosis risk in communities aric study
Circulation, 1998Co-Authors: Aaron R Folsom, Javier F Nieto, Paul G Mcgovern, Michael Y Tsai, Rene M Malinow, John H Eckfeldt, David L Hess, C E DavisAbstract:Background—Elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), low B-Vitamin Intake, and genetic polymorphisms related to tHcy metabolism may play roles in coronary heart disease (CHD). More prospective studies are needed. Methods and Results—We used a prospective case-cohort design to determine whether tHcy-related factors are associated with incidence of CHD over an average of 3.3 years of follow-up in a biracial sample of middle-aged men and women. Age-, race-, and field center–adjusted CHD incidence was associated positively (P<0.05) with tHcy in women but not men, and CHD was associated negatively (P<0.05) with plasma folate (women only), plasma pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (both sexes), and Vitamin supplementation (women only). However, after accounting for other risk factors, only plasma pyridoxal 5′-phosphate was associated with CHD incidence; the relative risk for the highest versus lowest quintile of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate was 0.28 (95% CI=0.1 to 0.7). There was no association of CHD with the C677T mutation of...
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prospective study of coronary heart disease incidence in relation to fasting total homocysteine related genetic polymorphisms and b Vitamins the atherosclerosis risk in communities aric study
Circulation, 1998Co-Authors: Aaron R Folsom, Javier F Nieto, Paul G Mcgovern, Michael Y Tsai, Rene M Malinow, John H Eckfeldt, David L Hess, C E DavisAbstract:BACKGROUND: Elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), low B-Vitamin Intake, and genetic polymorphisms related to tHcy metabolism may play roles in coronary heart disease (CHD). More prospective studies are needed. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used a prospective case-cohort design to determine whether tHcy-related factors are associated with incidence of CHD over an average of 3.3 years of follow-up in a biracial sample of middle-aged men and women. Age-, race-, and field center-adjusted CHD incidence was associated positively (P<0.05) with tHcy in women but not men, and CHD was associated negatively (P<0.05) with plasma folate (women only), plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (both sexes), and Vitamin supplementation (women only). However, after accounting for other risk factors, only plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate was associated with CHD incidence; the relative risk for the highest versus lowest quintile of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate was 0.28 (95% CI=0.1 to 0.7). There was no association of CHD with the C677T mutation of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene or with 3 mutations of the cystathionine beta-synthase gene. CONCLUSIONS: Our prospective findings add uncertainty to conclusions derived mostly from cross-sectional studies that tHcy is a major, independent, causative risk factor for CHD. Our findings point more strongly to the possibility that Vitamin B6 offers independent protection. Randomized trials, some of which are under way, are needed to better clarify the interrelationships of tHcy, B Vitamins, and cardiovascular disease.
Terry A Lennie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the association of deficiencies of water soluble Vitamin Intake with health related quality of life and prognosis in patients with heart failure
Quality of Life Research, 2021Co-Authors: Kyoung Suk Lee, Debra K Moser, Jaehyeong Park, Terry A LennieAbstract:The purpose of this study was to determine whether deficiencies of water-soluble Vitamin Intake predicted health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and the composite end point of all-cause mortality or cardiac- or heart failure (HF)-related hospitalization in HF patients. Patients with HF may be at risk for inadequate consumption of water-soluble Vitamins due to poor appetite and dietary sodium restriction. Because water-soluble Vitamins are important in metabolic processes, inadequate dietary Intake of these Vitamins may negatively affect health outcomes. We consecutively recruited patients with HF from outpatient clinics affiliated with academic medical centers. Patients were referred by providers to investigators who verified their eligibility. Patients with HF completed a four-day food diary to determine dietary deficiencies of water-soluble Vitamins and the Minnesota Living with HF questionnaire to assess HRQOL at baseline. Patients were followed to determine an event. A total of 216 patients were included. Patients with a higher number of dietary deficiencies of water-soluble Vitamins had poorer HRQOL (unstandardized coefficient = 4.92, 95% confidence interval 2.20–7.27). Cox regression showed that for each additional deficiency of a water-soluble Vitamin Intake, there was a 30% increase in risk for an event (95% confidence interval 1.03–1.75), controlling for demographic and clinical variables. Inadequate dietary consumption of water-soluble Vitamins was associated with poor HRQOL and prognosis and in HF. Our findings highlight that clinicians should understand the importance of encouraging patients to consume water-soluble Vitamin-rich foods, which may result in enhancing outcomes in HF.
