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Eva Zyprian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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QTL analysis of flowering time and ripening traits suggests an impact of a genomic region on linkage group 1 in Vitis
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2014Co-Authors: Iris Fechter, Ludger Hausmann, Eva Zyprian, Daniela Holtgräwe, Bernd Weisshaar, Margrit Daum, Reinhard TöpferAbstract:In the recent past, genetic analyses of grapevine focused mainly on the identification of resistance loci for major diseases such as powdery and downy mildew. Currently, breeding programs make intensive use of these results by applying molecular markers linked to the resistance traits. However, modern genetics also allows to address additional agronomic traits that have considerable impact on the selection of grapevine cultivars. In this study, we have used linkage mapping for the identification and characterization of flowering time and ripening traits in a mapping population from a cross of V3125 (‘Schiava Grossa’ × ‘Riesling’) and the interspecific rootstock cultivar ‘Börner’ ( Vitis riparia × Vitis Cinerea ). Comparison of the flowering time QTL mapping with data derived from a second independent segregating population identified several common QTLs. Especially a large region on linkage group 1 proved to be of special interest given the genetic divergence of the parents of the two populations. The proximity of the QTL region contains two CONSTANS-like genes. In accordance with data from other plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa , we hypothesize that these genes are major contributors to control the time of flowering in Vitis.
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A framework map from grapevine V3125 ( Vitis vinifera ‘Schiava grossa’ × ‘Riesling’) × rootstock cultivar ‘Börner’ ( Vitis riparia × Vitis Cinerea ) to localize genetic determinants of phylloxera root resistance
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2009Co-Authors: Junke Zhang, Ludger Hausmann, Rudolf Eibach, Leocir José Welter, Reinhard Töpfer, Eva ZyprianAbstract:Grapevine rootstock cultivar ‘Borner’ is a hybrid of Vitis riparia and Vitis Cinerea Arnold that shows high resistance to phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch). To localize the determinants of phylloxera root resistance, the susceptible grapevine V3125 (Vitis vinifera ‘Schiava grossa’ × ‘Riesling’) was crossed to ‘Borner’. Genetic framework maps were built from the progeny. 235 microsatellite markers were placed on the integrated parental map. They cover 1,155.98 cM on 19 linkage groups with an average marker distance of 4.8 cM. Phylloxera resistance was scored by counting nodosities after inoculation of the root system. Progeny plants were triplicated and experimentally infected in 2 years. A scan of the genetic maps indicated a quantitative trait locus on linkage group 13. This region was targeted by six microsatellite-type markers newly developed from the V. vinifera model genome sequence. Two of these appear closely linked to the trait, and can be useful for marker-assisted breeding.
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a framework map from grapevine v3125 Vitis vinifera schiava grossa riesling rootstock cultivar borner Vitis riparia Vitis Cinerea to localize genetic determinants of phylloxera root resistance
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2009Co-Authors: Junke Zhang, Ludger Hausmann, Rudolf Eibach, Leocir José Welter, Reinhard Töpfer, Eva ZyprianAbstract:Grapevine rootstock cultivar ‘Borner’ is a hybrid of Vitis riparia and Vitis Cinerea Arnold that shows high resistance to phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch). To localize the determinants of phylloxera root resistance, the susceptible grapevine V3125 (Vitis vinifera ‘Schiava grossa’ × ‘Riesling’) was crossed to ‘Borner’. Genetic framework maps were built from the progeny. 235 microsatellite markers were placed on the integrated parental map. They cover 1,155.98 cM on 19 linkage groups with an average marker distance of 4.8 cM. Phylloxera resistance was scored by counting nodosities after inoculation of the root system. Progeny plants were triplicated and experimentally infected in 2 years. A scan of the genetic maps indicated a quantitative trait locus on linkage group 13. This region was targeted by six microsatellite-type markers newly developed from the V. vinifera model genome sequence. Two of these appear closely linked to the trait, and can be useful for marker-assisted breeding.
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Leaf Hairs as a Basic Protective Barrier against Downy Mildew of Grape
Journal of Phytopathology, 1999Co-Authors: A. Kortekamp, Eva ZyprianAbstract:The influence of hairs during the interaction of Plasmopara viticola with leaves of four Vitis species was studied both under natural conditions and upon treatment with the detergent Tween 20. The hydrophobic felt consisting of hairs on the adaxial leaf sides repels water from the leaf surface preventing a successful penetration of the host via fungal germ tubes. Treatment with a detergent solution led to an enhanced attachment of water droplets. As a consequence of the detergent treatment, infection structures of P. viticola were formed on the field-resistant hosts Vitis doaniana and Vitis davidii as in the susceptible Vitis vinifera hosts. It can be concluded that covering the leaf surface with hydrophobic hairs represents a major defence strategy and that the infection process is dependent on wetness. Although in Vitis Cinerea and Vitis labrusca primary infection structures can be monitored after detergent treatment, the growth of the fungus was found to be restricted in these species indicating the action of additional or different defence strategies. Zusammenfassung Blatthaare als grundlegende Schutzende Barriere gegen den Falschen Mehltau der Weinrebe Die Funktion von Blatthaaren wahrend der Interaktion von vier verschiedenen Vitis-Arten mit Plasmopara viticola wurde unter naturlichen Bedingungen sowie nach Behandlung mit einem Detergens untersucht. Unter nathrlichen Bedingungen sind die hydrophoben Haare auf der Blattunterseite wasserabstosend und verhindern eine erfolgreiche Penetration des Blattes durch Pilzhyphen. Eine erhohte Benetzbarkeit nach einer Detergens-Behandlung fuhrte zu einer erhohten Infektionsrate. In den beiden feld-resistenten Arten Vitis doaniana und Vitis davidii konnte nach der Detergens-Behandlung der gleiche Infektionsverlauf beobachtet werden, wie bei anfalligen Vitis vinifera-Sorten. Dies fuhrt zu der Schlusfolgerung, das die Behaarung den wichtigsten Resistenzfaktor in diesen Arten darstellt, und das ein erfolgreicher Infektionsprozess von der Benetzbarkeit der Blattunterseite abhangt. Obwohl in Vitis Cinerea und Vitis labrusca ebenfalls zunachst primare Infektionsstrukturen nach einer Detergens-Behandlung gebildet wurden, kam es zu keinem weiteren Pilzwachstum, was auf das Vorhandensein weiterer wichtiger Resistenzmechanismen bei diesen beiden Arten schliesen last.
Reinhard Töpfer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genome sequences of both organelles of the grapevine rootstock cultivar borner
Microbiology Resource Announcements (Formerly: Genome Announcements), 2020Co-Authors: Bianca Frommer, Ludger Hausmann, Reinhard Töpfer, Daniela Holtgräwe, Prisca Viehöver, Bruno Huettel, Bernd WeisshaarAbstract:Genomic long reads of the interspecific grapevine rootstock cultivar 'Borner' (Vitis riparia GM183 × Vitis Cinerea Arnold) were used to assemble its chloroplast and mitochondrion genome sequences. We annotated 133 chloroplast and 172 mitochondrial genes, including the RNA editing sites. The organelle genomes in 'Borner' were maternally inherited from Vitis riparia.
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genome sequences of both organelles of the grapevine rootstock cultivar borner
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Bianca Frommer, Ludger Hausmann, Reinhard Töpfer, Daniela Holtgräwe, Prisca Viehöver, Bruno Huettel, Bernd WeisshaarAbstract:Genomic long reads of the interspecific grapevine rootstock cultivar 9Borner9 (Vitis riparia GM183 x Vitis Cinerea Arnold) were used to assemble its chloroplast and mitochondrion genome sequences. We annotated 133 chloroplast and 172 mitochondrial genes including the RNA-editing sites. The organellar genomes were maternally inherited to 9Borner9 from Vitis riparia.
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A Partially Phase-Separated Genome Sequence Assembly of the Vitis Rootstock 'Börner' (Vitis riparia × Vitis Cinerea) and Its Exploitation for Marker Development and Targeted Mapping.
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2020Co-Authors: Daniela Holtgräwe, Ludger Hausmann, Reinhard Töpfer, Thomas Rosleff Soerensen, Boas Pucker, Prisca Viehöver, Bernd WeisshaarAbstract:Grapevine breeding has become highly relevant due to upcoming challenges like climate change, a decrease in the number of available fungicides, increasing public concern about plant protection, and the demand for a sustainable production. Downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola is one of the most devastating diseases worldwide of cultivated Vitis vinifera. In modern breeding programs, therefore, genetic marker technologies and genomic data are used to develop new cultivars with defined and stacked resistance loci. Potential sources of resistance are wild species of American or Asian origin. The interspecific hybrid of Vitis riparia Gm 183 x Vitis Cinerea Arnold, available as the rootstock cultivar 'Borner,' carries several relevant resistance loci. We applied next-generation sequencing to enable the reliable identification of simple sequence repeats (SSR), and we also generated a draft genome sequence assembly of 'Borner' to access genome-wide sequence variations in a comprehensive and highly reliable way. These data were used to cover the 'Borner' genome with genetic marker positions. A subset of these marker positions was used for targeted mapping of the P. viticola resistance locus, Rpv14, to validate the marker position list. Based on the reference genome sequence PN40024, the position of this resistance locus can be narrowed down to less than 0.5 Mbp on chromosome 5.
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a partially phase separated genome sequence assembly of the Vitis rootstock borner Vitis riparia Vitis Cinerea and its exploitation for marker development and targeted mapping
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2020Co-Authors: Daniela Holtgräwe, Ludger Hausmann, Reinhard Töpfer, Thomas Rosleff Soerensen, Boas Pucker, Prisca Viehöver, Bernd WeisshaarAbstract:Grapevine breeding has become highly relevant due to upcoming challenges like climate change, a decrease in the number of available fungicides, increasing public concern about plant protection, and the demand for a sustainable production. Downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola is one of the most devastating diseases worldwide of cultivated Vitis vinifera. In modern breeding programs, therefore, genetic marker technologies and genomic data are used to develop new cultivars with defined and stacked resistance loci. Potential sources of resistance are wild species of American or Asian origin. The interspecific hybrid of Vitis riparia Gm 183 x Vitis Cinerea Arnold, available as the rootstock cultivar 'Borner,' carries several relevant resistance loci. We applied next-generation sequencing to enable the reliable identification of simple sequence repeats (SSR), and we also generated a draft genome sequence assembly of 'Borner' to access genome-wide sequence variations in a comprehensive and highly reliable way. These data were used to cover the 'Borner' genome with genetic marker positions. A subset of these marker positions was used for targeted mapping of the P. viticola resistance locus, Rpv14, to validate the marker position list. Based on the reference genome sequence PN40024, the position of this resistance locus can be narrowed down to less than 0.5 Mbp on chromosome 5.
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A Partially Phase-Separated Genome Sequence Assembly of the Vitis Rootstock 'Börner' (Vitis riparia x Vitis Cinerea) and its Exploitation for Marker Development and Targeted Mapping
2019Co-Authors: Daniela Holtgräwe, Ludger Hausmann, Reinhard Töpfer, Thomas Rosleff Soerensen, Boas Pucker, Prisca Viehöver, Bernd WeisshaarAbstract:Grapevine breeding becomes highly relevant due to upcoming challenges like climate change, a decrease in the number of available fungicides, increasing public concern about plant protection, and the demand for a sustainable production. Downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola is one of the most devastating diseases worldwide of cultivated Vitis vinifera. Therefore, in modern breeding programs genetic marker technologies and genomic data are used to develop new cultivars with defined and stacked resistance loci. Potential sources of resistance are wild species of American or Asian origin. The interspecific hybrid of Vitis riparia Gm 183 x V. Cinerea Arnold, available as the rootstock cultivar 9Borner9, carries several relevant resistance loci. We applied next generation sequencing to enable the reliable identification of simple sequence repeats (SSR) and also generated a draft genome sequence assembly of 9Borner9 to access genome wide sequence variations in a comprehensive and highly reliable way. These data were used to cover the 9Borner9 genome with genetic marker positions. A subset of these marker positions was used for targeted mapping of the P. viticola resistance locus, Rpv14, to validate the marker position list. Based on the reference genome sequence PN40024, the position of this resistance locus can be narrowed down to less than 0.5 Mbp on chromosome 5.
Junke Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A framework map from grapevine V3125 ( Vitis vinifera ‘Schiava grossa’ × ‘Riesling’) × rootstock cultivar ‘Börner’ ( Vitis riparia × Vitis Cinerea ) to localize genetic determinants of phylloxera root resistance
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2009Co-Authors: Junke Zhang, Ludger Hausmann, Rudolf Eibach, Leocir José Welter, Reinhard Töpfer, Eva ZyprianAbstract:Grapevine rootstock cultivar ‘Borner’ is a hybrid of Vitis riparia and Vitis Cinerea Arnold that shows high resistance to phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch). To localize the determinants of phylloxera root resistance, the susceptible grapevine V3125 (Vitis vinifera ‘Schiava grossa’ × ‘Riesling’) was crossed to ‘Borner’. Genetic framework maps were built from the progeny. 235 microsatellite markers were placed on the integrated parental map. They cover 1,155.98 cM on 19 linkage groups with an average marker distance of 4.8 cM. Phylloxera resistance was scored by counting nodosities after inoculation of the root system. Progeny plants were triplicated and experimentally infected in 2 years. A scan of the genetic maps indicated a quantitative trait locus on linkage group 13. This region was targeted by six microsatellite-type markers newly developed from the V. vinifera model genome sequence. Two of these appear closely linked to the trait, and can be useful for marker-assisted breeding.
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a framework map from grapevine v3125 Vitis vinifera schiava grossa riesling rootstock cultivar borner Vitis riparia Vitis Cinerea to localize genetic determinants of phylloxera root resistance
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2009Co-Authors: Junke Zhang, Ludger Hausmann, Rudolf Eibach, Leocir José Welter, Reinhard Töpfer, Eva ZyprianAbstract:Grapevine rootstock cultivar ‘Borner’ is a hybrid of Vitis riparia and Vitis Cinerea Arnold that shows high resistance to phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch). To localize the determinants of phylloxera root resistance, the susceptible grapevine V3125 (Vitis vinifera ‘Schiava grossa’ × ‘Riesling’) was crossed to ‘Borner’. Genetic framework maps were built from the progeny. 235 microsatellite markers were placed on the integrated parental map. They cover 1,155.98 cM on 19 linkage groups with an average marker distance of 4.8 cM. Phylloxera resistance was scored by counting nodosities after inoculation of the root system. Progeny plants were triplicated and experimentally infected in 2 years. A scan of the genetic maps indicated a quantitative trait locus on linkage group 13. This region was targeted by six microsatellite-type markers newly developed from the V. vinifera model genome sequence. Two of these appear closely linked to the trait, and can be useful for marker-assisted breeding.
Ludger Hausmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genome sequences of both organelles of the grapevine rootstock cultivar borner
Microbiology Resource Announcements (Formerly: Genome Announcements), 2020Co-Authors: Bianca Frommer, Ludger Hausmann, Reinhard Töpfer, Daniela Holtgräwe, Prisca Viehöver, Bruno Huettel, Bernd WeisshaarAbstract:Genomic long reads of the interspecific grapevine rootstock cultivar 'Borner' (Vitis riparia GM183 × Vitis Cinerea Arnold) were used to assemble its chloroplast and mitochondrion genome sequences. We annotated 133 chloroplast and 172 mitochondrial genes, including the RNA editing sites. The organelle genomes in 'Borner' were maternally inherited from Vitis riparia.
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genome sequences of both organelles of the grapevine rootstock cultivar borner
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Bianca Frommer, Ludger Hausmann, Reinhard Töpfer, Daniela Holtgräwe, Prisca Viehöver, Bruno Huettel, Bernd WeisshaarAbstract:Genomic long reads of the interspecific grapevine rootstock cultivar 9Borner9 (Vitis riparia GM183 x Vitis Cinerea Arnold) were used to assemble its chloroplast and mitochondrion genome sequences. We annotated 133 chloroplast and 172 mitochondrial genes including the RNA-editing sites. The organellar genomes were maternally inherited to 9Borner9 from Vitis riparia.
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A Partially Phase-Separated Genome Sequence Assembly of the Vitis Rootstock 'Börner' (Vitis riparia × Vitis Cinerea) and Its Exploitation for Marker Development and Targeted Mapping.
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2020Co-Authors: Daniela Holtgräwe, Ludger Hausmann, Reinhard Töpfer, Thomas Rosleff Soerensen, Boas Pucker, Prisca Viehöver, Bernd WeisshaarAbstract:Grapevine breeding has become highly relevant due to upcoming challenges like climate change, a decrease in the number of available fungicides, increasing public concern about plant protection, and the demand for a sustainable production. Downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola is one of the most devastating diseases worldwide of cultivated Vitis vinifera. In modern breeding programs, therefore, genetic marker technologies and genomic data are used to develop new cultivars with defined and stacked resistance loci. Potential sources of resistance are wild species of American or Asian origin. The interspecific hybrid of Vitis riparia Gm 183 x Vitis Cinerea Arnold, available as the rootstock cultivar 'Borner,' carries several relevant resistance loci. We applied next-generation sequencing to enable the reliable identification of simple sequence repeats (SSR), and we also generated a draft genome sequence assembly of 'Borner' to access genome-wide sequence variations in a comprehensive and highly reliable way. These data were used to cover the 'Borner' genome with genetic marker positions. A subset of these marker positions was used for targeted mapping of the P. viticola resistance locus, Rpv14, to validate the marker position list. Based on the reference genome sequence PN40024, the position of this resistance locus can be narrowed down to less than 0.5 Mbp on chromosome 5.
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a partially phase separated genome sequence assembly of the Vitis rootstock borner Vitis riparia Vitis Cinerea and its exploitation for marker development and targeted mapping
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2020Co-Authors: Daniela Holtgräwe, Ludger Hausmann, Reinhard Töpfer, Thomas Rosleff Soerensen, Boas Pucker, Prisca Viehöver, Bernd WeisshaarAbstract:Grapevine breeding has become highly relevant due to upcoming challenges like climate change, a decrease in the number of available fungicides, increasing public concern about plant protection, and the demand for a sustainable production. Downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola is one of the most devastating diseases worldwide of cultivated Vitis vinifera. In modern breeding programs, therefore, genetic marker technologies and genomic data are used to develop new cultivars with defined and stacked resistance loci. Potential sources of resistance are wild species of American or Asian origin. The interspecific hybrid of Vitis riparia Gm 183 x Vitis Cinerea Arnold, available as the rootstock cultivar 'Borner,' carries several relevant resistance loci. We applied next-generation sequencing to enable the reliable identification of simple sequence repeats (SSR), and we also generated a draft genome sequence assembly of 'Borner' to access genome-wide sequence variations in a comprehensive and highly reliable way. These data were used to cover the 'Borner' genome with genetic marker positions. A subset of these marker positions was used for targeted mapping of the P. viticola resistance locus, Rpv14, to validate the marker position list. Based on the reference genome sequence PN40024, the position of this resistance locus can be narrowed down to less than 0.5 Mbp on chromosome 5.
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A Partially Phase-Separated Genome Sequence Assembly of the Vitis Rootstock 'Börner' (Vitis riparia x Vitis Cinerea) and its Exploitation for Marker Development and Targeted Mapping
2019Co-Authors: Daniela Holtgräwe, Ludger Hausmann, Reinhard Töpfer, Thomas Rosleff Soerensen, Boas Pucker, Prisca Viehöver, Bernd WeisshaarAbstract:Grapevine breeding becomes highly relevant due to upcoming challenges like climate change, a decrease in the number of available fungicides, increasing public concern about plant protection, and the demand for a sustainable production. Downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola is one of the most devastating diseases worldwide of cultivated Vitis vinifera. Therefore, in modern breeding programs genetic marker technologies and genomic data are used to develop new cultivars with defined and stacked resistance loci. Potential sources of resistance are wild species of American or Asian origin. The interspecific hybrid of Vitis riparia Gm 183 x V. Cinerea Arnold, available as the rootstock cultivar 9Borner9, carries several relevant resistance loci. We applied next generation sequencing to enable the reliable identification of simple sequence repeats (SSR) and also generated a draft genome sequence assembly of 9Borner9 to access genome wide sequence variations in a comprehensive and highly reliable way. These data were used to cover the 9Borner9 genome with genetic marker positions. A subset of these marker positions was used for targeted mapping of the P. viticola resistance locus, Rpv14, to validate the marker position list. Based on the reference genome sequence PN40024, the position of this resistance locus can be narrowed down to less than 0.5 Mbp on chromosome 5.
Mark R. Thomas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetic identification of SNP markers linked to a new grape phylloxera resistant locus in Vitis Cinerea for marker-assisted selection
BMC Plant Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Harley M. Smith, Catherine W. Clarke, Brady P. Smith, Bernadette M. Carmody, Mark R. Thomas, Peter R. Clingeleffer, Kevin S. PowellAbstract:Background Grape phylloxera ( Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch) is a major insect pest that negatively impacts commercial grapevine performance worldwide. Consequently, the use of phylloxera resistant rootstocks is an essential component of vineyard management. However, the majority of commercially available rootstocks used in viticulture production provide limited levels of grape phylloxera resistance, in part due to the adaptation of phylloxera biotypes to different Vitis species. Therefore, there is pressing need to develop new rootstocks better adapted to specific grape growing regions with complete resistance to grape phylloxera biotypes. Results Grapevine rootstock breeding material, including an accession of Vitis Cinerea and V. aestivalis , DRX55 ([ M. rotundifolia x V. vinifera ] x open pollinated) and MS27-31 ( M. rotundifolia specific hybrid), provided complete resistance to grape phylloxera in potted plant assays. To map the genetic factor(s) of grape phylloxera resistance, a F_1 V. Cinerea x V. vinifera Riesling population was screened for resistance. Heritability analysis indicates that the V. Cinerea accession contained a single allele referred as RESISTANCE TO DAKTULOSPHAIRA VITIFOLIAE 2 ( RDV2 ) that confers grape phylloxera resistance. Using genetic maps constructed with pseudo-testcross markers for V. Cinerea and Riesling, a single phylloxera resistance locus was identified in V. Cinerea . After validating SNPs at the RDV2 locus, interval and linkage mapping showed that grape phylloxera resistance mapped to linkage group 14 at position 16.7 cM. Conclusion The mapping of RDV2 and the validation of markers linked to grape phylloxera resistance provides the basis to breed new rootstocks via marker-assisted selection that improve vineyard performance.
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Genetic identification of SNP markers linked to a new grape phylloxera resistant locus in Vitis Cinerea for marker-assisted selection
BMC Plant Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Harley M. Smith, Catherine W. Clarke, Bernadette M. Carmody, Mark R. Thomas, Peter R. Clingeleffer, Brady Smith, Kevin S. PowellAbstract:Grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch) is a major insect pest that negatively impacts commercial grapevine performance worldwide. Consequently, the use of phylloxera resistant rootstocks is an essential component of vineyard management. However, the majority of commercially available rootstocks used in viticulture production provide limited levels of grape phylloxera resistance, in part due to the adaptation of phylloxera biotypes to different Vitis species. Therefore, there is pressing need to develop new rootstocks better adapted to specific grape growing regions with complete resistance to grape phylloxera biotypes. Grapevine rootstock breeding material, including an accession of Vitis Cinerea and V. aestivalis, DRX55 ([M. rotundifolia x V. vinifera] x open pollinated) and MS27-31 (M. rotundifolia specific hybrid), provided complete resistance to grape phylloxera in potted plant assays. To map the genetic factor(s) of grape phylloxera resistance, a F1 V. Cinerea x V. vinifera Riesling population was screened for resistance. Heritability analysis indicates that the V. Cinerea accession contained a single allele referred as RESISTANCE TO DAKTULOSPHAIRA VITIFOLIAE 2 (RDV2) that confers grape phylloxera resistance. Using genetic maps constructed with pseudo-testcross markers for V. Cinerea and Riesling, a single phylloxera resistance locus was identified in V. Cinerea. After validating SNPs at the RDV2 locus, interval and linkage mapping showed that grape phylloxera resistance mapped to linkage group 14 at position 16.7 cM. The mapping of RDV2 and the validation of markers linked to grape phylloxera resistance provides the basis to breed new rootstocks via marker-assisted selection that improve vineyard performance.
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SNP markers tightly linked to root knot nematode resistance in grapevine (Vitis Cinerea) identified by a genotyping-by-sequencing approach followed by Sequenom MassARRAY validation.
PloS one, 2018Co-Authors: Harley M. S. Smith, Peter R. Clingeleffer, Brady Smith, Norma B. Morales, Sam Moskwa, Mark R. ThomasAbstract:Plant parasitic nematodes, including root knot nematode Meloidogyne species, cause extensive damage to agriculture and horticultural crops. As Vitis vinifera cultivars are susceptible to root knot nematode parasitism, rootstocks resistant to these soil pests provide a sustainable approach to maintain grapevine production. Currently, most of the commercially available root knot nematode resistant rootstocks are highly vigorous and take up excess potassium, which reduces wine quality. As a result, there is a pressing need to breed new root knot nematode resistant rootstocks, which have no impact on wine quality. To develop molecular markers that predict root knot nematode resistance for marker assisted breeding, a genetic approach was employed to identify a root knot nematode resistance locus in grapevine. To this end, a Meloidogyne javanica resistant Vitis Cinerea accession was crossed to a susceptible Vitis vinifera cultivar Riesling and results from screening the F1 individuals support a model that root knot nematode resistance, is conferred by a single dominant allele, referred as MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA RESISTANCE1 (MJR1). Further, MJR1 resistance appears to be mediated by a hypersensitive response that occurs in the root apical meristem. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified using genotyping-by-sequencing and results from association and genetic mapping identified the MJR1 locus, which is located on chromosome 18 in the Vitis Cinerea accession. Validation of the SNPs linked to the MJR1 locus using a Sequenom MassARRAY platform found that only 50% could be validated. The validated SNPs that flank and co-segregate with the MJR1 locus can be used for marker-assisted selection for Meloidogyne javanica resistance in grapevine.
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Smith et al SNP data set
2018Co-Authors: Harley Smith, Brady P. Smith, Peter R. Clingeleffer, Norma B. Morales, Sam Moskwa, Mark R. ThomasAbstract:SNP data set for the PLOS ONE submitted manuscript "SNP markers tightly linked to root knot nematode resistance in grapevine (Vitis Cinerea) identified by a genotyping-by-sequencing approach followed by Sequenom MassARRAY validation"
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Development of Australian rootstocks with root-knot nematode resistance and low potassium transport
Acta Horticulturae, 2014Co-Authors: Brady Smith, Mark R. Thomas, Peter R. Clingeleffer, Norma B. Morales, Rob R. WalkerAbstract:Soils in some major Australian viticultural regions are generally high in potassium content, which is in contrast to viticultural regions in other parts of the world. There is a considerable body of evidence, both from commercial experiences and research results, that the widely adopted high vigour, root-knot nematode tolerant rootstock varieties contribute to negative impacts on wine quality associated with high potassium uptake, high pH and malate levels. Previous findings have shown that in a given year, grafted vine grape juice pH at harvest is highly correlated with the ungrafted rootstock petiole potassium level at anthesis. We demonstrated that this relationship is also present when multiple years of juice pH and ungrafted rootstocks petioles are compared. The mean harvest pH of ?Chardonnay? grafted on 6 commer¬cial rootstocks from 4 vineyards over two consecutive years had a strong correlation (adjusted R2= 0.755) with the 2 year mean potassium content of the ungrafted rootstocks in the field. Likewise, the 8 year mean pH of a rootstock trial with 5 commercial rootstock and 14 experimental rootstocks with ?Shiraz? scions was highly correlated (adjusted R2= 0.502) with the 2 year mean petiole potassium content of the ungrafted field grown rootstocks. To facilitate accelerated breeding of new rootstocks, we have developed a glasshouse based assay for the early selection of rootstocks with low potassium transport to aerial tissues. We demonstrated that the 8 year mean juice pH of grafted vines is also correlated with the ungrafted vine petiole potassium content for plants grown in the glasshouse with supplemented levels of potassium (adjusted R2= 0.501). In addition, we are also screening vines in the glasshouse for resistance to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. We are currently screening potential and commercial germplasm for resistance to M. javanica, and have identified a Vitis Cinerea accession that transmits resistance as a single dominant gene.
