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Susan J Riha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Wastewater Management and marcellus shale gas development trends drivers and planning implications
    Journal of Environmental Management, 2013
    Co-Authors: Brian G Rahm, Josephine T Bates, Lara R Bertoia, Amy E Galford, David Yoxtheimer, Susan J Riha
    Abstract:

    Extraction of natural gas from tight shale formations has been made possible by recent technological advances, including hydraulic fracturing with horizontal drilling. Global shale gas development is seen as a potential energy and geopolitical “game-changer.” However, widespread concern exists with respect to possible environmental consequences of this development, particularly impacts on water resources. In the United States, where the most shale gas extraction has occurred, the Marcellus Shale is now the largest natural gas producing play. To date, over 6,000,000 m3 of Wastewater has been generated in the process of extracting natural gas from this shale in the state of Pennsylvania (PA) alone. Here we examine Wastewater Management practices and trends for this shale play through analysis of industry-reported, publicly available data collected from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Oil and Gas Reporting Website. We also analyze the tracking and transport of shale gas liquid waste streams originating in PA using a combination of web-based and GIS approaches. From 2008 to 2011 Wastewater reuse increased, POTW use decreased, and data tracking became more complete, while the average distance traveled by Wastewater decreased by over 30%. Likely factors influencing these trends include state regulations and policies, along with low natural gas prices. Regional differences in Wastewater Management are influenced by industrial treatment capacity, as well as proximity to injection disposal capacity. Using lessons from the Marcellus Shale, we suggest that nations, states, and regulatory agencies facing new unconventional shale development recognize that pace and scale of well drilling leads to commensurate Wastewater Management challenges. We also suggest they implement Wastewater reporting and tracking systems, articulate a policy for adapting Management to evolving data and development patterns, assess local and regional Wastewater treatment infrastructure in terms of capacity and capability, promote well-regulated on-site treatment technologies, and review and update Wastewater Management regulations and policies.

  • Wastewater Management and marcellus shale gas development trends drivers and planning implications
    2012
    Co-Authors: Brian G Rahm, Josephine T Bates, Lara R Bertoia, Amy E Galford, David Yoxtheimer, Susan J Riha
    Abstract:

    Extraction of natural gas from tight shale formations, which occur globally, has been made possible by recent technological advances, including hydraulic fracturing with horizontal drilling. Shale gas development is being lauded as a potential energy and geopolitical “game-changer.” However, widespread concern exists with respect to possible environmental consequences of this development, particularly impacts on water resources. In the United States, where most shale gas extraction has occurred thus far, the Marcellus Shale is now the largest natural gas producing play. To date, over 6,000,000 m3 of Wastewater has been generated in the process of extracting natural gas from this shale in the state on Pennsylvania (PA) alone. Here we examine Wastewater Management practices and trends for this shale play, as well as the tracking and transport of shale gas liquid waste streams in PA. Between 2008 and 2011, state regulations and policies, along with low natural gas prices, have led to increased Wastewater reuse, decreased POTW use, and more complete data tracking, while the average distance traveled by Wastewater has decreased by over 30%. Regional differences in Wastewater Management are influenced by industrial treatment capacity, as well as proximity to injection disposal capacity. Using lessons from the Marcellus Shale, we suggest that nations, states, and regulatory agencies facing new unconventional shale development implement Wastewater reporting and tracking systems, assess local and regional Wastewater treatment infrastructure in terms of capacity and capability, promote well-regulated on-site treatment technologies, and review and update Wastewater Management regulations and policies.

Ulku Yetis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • analysis of the best available techniques for Wastewaters from a denim manufacturing textile mill
    Journal of Environmental Management, 2017
    Co-Authors: Hande Yukseler, Nigmet Uzal, Erkan Sahinkaya, M Kitis, Filiz B Dilek, Ulku Yetis
    Abstract:

    Abstract The present study was undertaken as the first plant scale application and evaluation of Best Available Techniques (BAT) within the context of the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control/Industrial Emissions Directive to a textile mill in Turkey. A “best practice example” was developed for the textile sector; and within this context, BAT requirements for one of the World's leading denim manufacturing textile mills were determined. In order to achieve a sustainable Wastewater Management; firstly, a detailed Wastewater characterization study was conducted and the possible candidate Wastewaters to be reused within the mill were identified. A Wastewater Management strategy was adopted to investigate the possible reuse opportunities for the dyeing and finishing process Wastewaters along with the composite mill effluent. In line with this strategy, production processes were analysed in depth in accordance with the BAT Reference Document not only to treat the generated Wastewaters for their possible reuse, but also to reduce the amount of water consumed and Wastewater generated. As a result, several applicable BAT options and strategies were determined such as reuse of dyeing Wastewaters after treatment, recovery of caustic from alkaline finishing Wastewaters, reuse of biologically treated composite mill effluent after membrane processes, minimization of wash water consumption in the water softening plant, reuse of concentrate stream from reverse osmosis plant, reducing water consumption by adoption of counter-current washing in the dyeing and finishing processes. The adoption of the selected in-process BAT options for the minimization of water use provided a 30% reduction in the total specific water consumption of the mill. The treatability studies adopted for both segregated and composite Wastewaters indicated that nanofiltration is satisfactory in meeting the reuse criteria for all the Wastewater streams considered.

  • assessment of the best available Wastewater Management techniques for a textile mill cost and benefit analysis
    Water Science and Technology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Bugce Dogan, Merih Kerestecioglu, Ulku Yetis
    Abstract:

    In the present study, several water recovery and end-of-pipe Wastewater treatment alternatives were evaluated towards the evaluation of Best Available Techniques (BATs) for the Management of Wastewaters from a denim textile mill in accordance with the European Union's Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive. For this purpose, an assessment that translates the key environmental aspects into a quantitative measure of environmental performance and also financial analysis was performed for each of the alternatives. The alternatives considered for water recovery from dyeing Wastewaters were nanofiltration (NF) with coagulation and/or microfiltration (MF) pre-treatment, ozonation or peroxone and Fenton oxidation. On the other hand, for the end-of-pipe treatment of the mill's mixed Wastewater, ozonation, Fenton oxidation, membrane bioreactor (MBR) and activated sludge (AS) process followed by membrane filtration technologies were evaluated. The results have indicated that membrane filtration process with the least environmental impacts is the BAT for water recovery. On the other side, MBR technology has appeared as the BAT for the end-of-pipe treatment of the mill's mixed Wastewater. A technical and financial comparison of these two BAT alternatives revealed that water recovery via membrane filtration from dyeing Wastewaters is selected as the BAT for the water and Wastewater Management in the mill.

George Tchobanoglous - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Wastewater engineering treatment and resource recovery
    Published in 2014 in New York London by McGraw-Hill Higher Education McGraw-Hill distributor], 2014
    Co-Authors: Franklin L Burton, David H Stensel, George Tchobanoglous
    Abstract:

    1. Introduction to Wastewater Treatment and Process Analysis 2. Wastewater Characteristics 3. Wastewater Flowrates and Constituent Loadings 4. Wastewater Treatment Process Selection, Design, and Implementation 5. Physical Unit Operations 6. Chemical Unit Processes 7. Fundamentals of Biological Treatment 8. Suspended Growth Biological Treatment Processes 9. Attached Growth and Combined Biological Treatment Processes 10. Anaerobic Suspended and Attached Growth Biological Treatment Processes 11. Separation Processes for Removal of Residual Constituents 12. Disinfection Processes 13. Processing and Treatment of Sludges 14. Biosolids Processing, Resource Recovery and Beneficial Use 15. Plant Recycle Flow Treatment and Nutrient Recovery 16. Air Emissions from Wastewater Treatment Facilities and Their Control 17. Energy Considerations in Wastewater Management 18. Wastewater Management: Future Challenges and Opportunties Appendixes A Conversion Factors B Physical Properties of Selected Gases and the Composition of Air C Physical Properties of Water D Statistical Analysis of Data E Dissolved Oxygen Concentration in Water as a Function of Temperature, Salinity and Barometric Pressure F Carbonate Equilibrium G Moody Diagrams for the Analysis of Flow in Pipes H Analysis of Nonideal Flow in Reactors Using Tracers I Modeling Nonideal Flow in Reactors

  • the role of satellite and decentralized strategies in water resources Management
    Journal of Environmental Management, 2009
    Co-Authors: Petros Gikas, George Tchobanoglous
    Abstract:

    Existing and projected water shortages and related factors have helped focus attention on the need for water reuse. With recent technological advances in Wastewater treatment, it is now possible to produce reclaimed water of any quality. Thus, the use of reclaimed water will depend on the reuse opportunities and the cost of the required infrastructure. Historically, centralized Wastewater treatment facilities have served the needs of organized societies since the mid 1800s. However, as there are limited options for expansion of most existing centralized facilities, the use of satellite and decentralized Wastewater Management systems offers significant advantages including being close both to the source of Wastewater generation and to potential water reuse applications. The comparative advantages of satellite and decentralized Wastewater Management systems for a number of water reuse applications are presented and discussed in this paper. Selected case studies are presented to demonstrate the utility of satellite and decentralized Wastewater Management. Specific issues associated with the application of such systems in existing and in new developments are examined and discussed.

  • small and decentralized Wastewater Management systems
    Published in 1998 in Boston Mass) by McGraw-Hill, 1998
    Co-Authors: Ronald W Crites, George Tchobanoglous
    Abstract:

    1 Decentralized Wastewater Management Systems and Management 2 Constituents in Wastewater 3 Fate of Wastewater Constituents in the Environment 4 Introduction to Process Analysis and Design 5 Wastewater Pretreatment Operations and Processes 6 Alternative Wastewater Collection Systems 7 Biological Treatment and Nutrient Removal 8 Pond Treatment Systems 9 Wetlands and Aquatic Treatment Systems 10 Land Treatment Systems 11 Intermittent and Recalculating Medium Filters 12 Effluent Repurification and Reuse 13 Effluent Reuse and Disposal for Decentralized Systems 14 Biosolids and Septage Management 15 Management of Decentralized Wastewater Systems Appendixes

  • technologies for Wastewater treatment appropriate for reuse potential for applications in greece
    Water Science and Technology, 1996
    Co-Authors: George Tchobanoglous, A N Angelakis
    Abstract:

    During the past 15 years, a wide variety of technologies have been developed that can be used for the treatment of Wastewater for reuse applications. To assess the need for alternative technologies, potential reuse applications are reviewed. Changes in Wastewater Management, including the growing importance of decentralized Wastewater Management, is examined. The role of decentralized Wastewater Management is considered with respect to Wastewater treatment, reclamation, and reuse. Technologies are presented and discussed for a wide range of reuse applications, ranging from individual homes to large centralized systems. The performance of representative technologies is assessed. A brief review of the water resources of Greece is presented to provide some perspective on the potential for Wastewater reclamation and reuse in Greece.

Howard Fallowfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • performance of a high rate algal pond treating septic tank effluent from a community Wastewater Management scheme in rural south australia
    Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts, 2018
    Co-Authors: Neil Buchanan, Paul Young, N J Cromar, Howard Fallowfield
    Abstract:

    Abstract A high rate algal pond (HRAP) incorporated into a community Wastewater Management scheme was operated over two years in the Mediterranean climate of Kingston on Murray, South Australia. Uniquely, the study evaluated the performance of the HRAP when fed (12 m3 day−1) either treated effluent from on-site septic tanks or a facultative pond further treating the septic tank effluent from within the community (population 300). The influence of depth and season on Wastewater treatment and biomass production were determined for both configurations. Generally, Wastewater treatment (>90% BOD5 removed) and biomass production (31.7 g m−2 day−1) was improved when the HRAP was fed septic tank effluent. PO4-P removal was low and effected by biomass uptake rather than precipitation. Inorganic nitrogen removal was independent of depth in the warmer months and inversely related to depth in the colder months. The mean log10 removal values for Escherichia coli were 1.75 and 2.75 for the HRAP when fed septic and facultative pond effluent respectively. In the prevailing Mediterranean climate, adequate BOD5 and nitrogen removal, and disinfection assessed using E. coli as the faecal indicator organism was achieved at 0.32 m depth at a retention time of 4 days.

  • independent validation and regulatory agency approval for high rate algal ponds to treat Wastewater from rural communities
    Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Howard Fallowfield, Neil Buchanan, Paul Young, N J Cromar, Michael Taylor, Alex Keegan, Paul Monis
    Abstract:

    Despite the many recognised benefits, the application of high rate algal ponds (HRAP) to manage Wastewater treatment in small communities has been limited. To be incorporated into the South Australian Community Wastewater Management Scheme (CWMS), new Wastewater treatment systems are required to undergo validation and obtain regulatory approval from the South Australian Department of Health, Wastewater Management Group. A HRAP system at Kingston on Murray, South Australia, underwent validation to be incorporated into the CWMS. The process was consistent with the Australian National Guidelines which requires the demonstration of the log10 reduction values (LRV) for indicator organisms achieved by the Wastewater treatment system. These were required to be measured twice weekly, over a 10 week period in below average solar radiation and temperature conditions, by an independent National Association of Testing Authorities accredited laboratory. The Australian Water Quality Centre was commissioned to assess the removal of Escherichia coli, F-RNA bacteriophage and aerobic spore-forming bacteria. Flinders University of South Australia concurrently monitored the removal of the same organisms and other standard Wastewater parameters. While ASFB were shown to be unsuitable indicators of protozoa in natural pond systems, the system effectively removed E. coli and F-RNA bacteriophage with the treated effluent meeting the limits set by the guidelines for effluent reuse for non-food crop irrigation: a 5th percentile LRV of >1.0 for F-RNA bacteriophage and a median E. coli concentration of <4.0 log10E. coli MPN 100 mL−1. Based on these results two configurations of HRAP systems were approved to be incorporated into the CWMS.

John Pries - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • constructed wetlands for livestock Wastewater Management
    Ecological Engineering, 2000
    Co-Authors: Robert L Knight, Victor W E Payne, Robert E Borer, Ronald A Clarke, John Pries
    Abstract:

    In 1995, the Gulf of Mexico Program (GMP) sponsored efforts by the Alabama Soil and Water Conservation Committee and the National Council of the Pulp and Paper Industry for Air and Stream Improvement (NCASI) to conduct a review of the literature concerning the use of constructed wetlands for treating concentrated livestock Wastewaters. The scope of the literature review and summary of design:operation data included all of North America. Both published and unpublished data have been provided by researchers to be included in the database. The database format used for the GMP project is only slightly modified from the format developed for the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) North America Treatment Wetland Database, which includes information from municipal, industrial and stormwater treatment wetlands. The GMP Livestock Wastewater Treatment Wetland Database includes information from 68 sites with a total of 135 pilot and full-scale wetland systems (systems include parallel units at individual research facilities). Types of livestock Wastewater being treated by constructed wetlands include dairy manure and milkhouse wash water, runoff from concentrated cattle-feeding operations, poultry manure, swine manure and catfish pond water. Over 1300 operational data records are summarized in the database. These data indicate that removal rates for 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and fecal coliforms are potentially very high in constructed wetlands receiving animal Wastewaters. Average concentration reduction efficiencies were: BOD5 65%, TSS 53%, NH4-N 48%, TN 42%, and TP 42%. Removals are a function of inlet concentrations and hydraulic loading rates. Successful wetland design must include adequate pretreatment to protect the health of the wetland biota and must include adequate wetland area to meet the quality goals. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.