The Experts below are selected from a list of 195 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Aviva Leeparritz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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placenta percreta and uterine rupture associated with prior Whole Body Radiation therapy
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2001Co-Authors: Errol R Norwitz, Howard M Stern, Holcombe E Grier, Aviva LeeparritzAbstract:Abstract Background: Injury to reproductive organs including the uterus is a known complication of ionizing Radiation, but the risks to the mother and fetus during subsequent pregnancies are not well defined. Case: A young woman with a remote history of Whole Body irRadiation for childhood leukemia had uterine rupture at 17 weeks’ gestation. Pathologic examination of the supracervical hysterectomy specimen revealed a posterior-fundal placenta percreta with a diffusely thinned myometrium (1–6 mm). The clinicopathologic findings were consistent with prior Radiation injury. Conclusion: Uterine irRadiation may predispose to abnormal placentation and uterine rupture in a subsequent pregnancy.
Harald Dorr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pathophysiological principles underlying the blood cell concentration responses used to assess the severity of effect after accidental Whole-Body Radiation exposure: an essential basis for an evidence-based clinical triage.
Experimental hematology, 2020Co-Authors: Theodor M Fliedner, Dieter H Graessle, Viktor Meineke, Harald DorrAbstract:The objective of this review is to provide a scientific justification for using the pattern of changes of granulocytes, platelets, and lymphocytes within the first few days after an accidental Whole-Body exposure to ionizing Radiation as a convincing indicator of the severity of its effect on the hematopoietic stem cell pool. The availability of the SEARCH database system (System for Evaluation and Archiving of Radiation Accidents based on Case Histories) allowed us to analyze the "early" blood cell changes after accidental Whole-Body Radiation exposure in more than 100 patients and to assign them to severity of effect code H4 and H3, described in the METREPOL approach. A specific pattern of blood cell changes (granulocytes, platelets, lymphocytes) within the first 5 to 8 days after exposure is compatible with the assumption of an irreversible damage of the stem cell pool distributed throughout the skeletal bone marrow designated as H4. Distinguishable from this pattern is a blood cell response pattern characterized by an "abortive recovery," which can be explained by the "injured cell hypothesis," allowing to assign these patients to a severity-of-effect-code H3, H2, or H1 compatible with the assumption of a "reversible" damage to the stem cell pool. Biomathematical models allow one to correlate the blood cell change patterns with the extent of damage to the stem cell pool. Patterns of change in peripheral blood cell counts indicate the effect of Radiation on the hematopoietic stem cell pool, and have the potential to predict autochthonous regeneration.
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pathophysiological principles underlying the blood cell concentration responses used to assess the severity of effect after accidental Whole Body Radiation exposure an essential basis for an evidence based clinical triage
Experimental Hematology, 2007Co-Authors: Theodor M Fliedner, Dieter H Graessle, Viktor Meineke, Harald DorrAbstract:Objective The objective of this review is to provide a scientific justification for using the pattern of changes of granulocytes, platelets, and lymphocytes within the first few days after an accidental Whole-Body exposure to ionizing Radiation as a convincing indicator of the severity of its effect on the hematopoietic stem cell pool. Method The availability of the SEARCH database system (System for Evaluation and Archiving of Radiation Accidents based on Case Histories) allowed us to analyze the “early” blood cell changes after accidental Whole-Body Radiation exposure in more than 100 patients and to assign them to severity of effect code H4 and H3, described in the METREPOL approach. Results A specific pattern of blood cell changes (granulocytes, platelets, lymphocytes) within the first 5 to 8 days after exposure is compatible with the assumption of an irreversible damage of the stem cell pool distributed throughout the skeletal bone marrow designated as H4. Distinguishable from this pattern is a blood cell response pattern characterized by an “abortive recovery,” which can be explained by the “injured cell hypothesis,” allowing to assign these patients to a severity-of-effect-code H3, H2, or H1 compatible with the assumption of a “reversible” damage to the stem cell pool. Biomathematical models allow one to correlate the blood cell change patterns with the extent of damage to the stem cell pool. Conclusion Patterns of change in peripheral blood cell counts indicate the effect of Radiation on the hematopoietic stem cell pool, and have the potential to predict autochthonous regeneration.
Dooil Jeoung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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identification of possible candidate biomarkers for local or Whole Body Radiation exposure in c57bl 6 mice
International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, 2007Co-Authors: Changmo Kang, Dooil JeoungAbstract:Purpose Specific genes expressed as a result of Whole Body exposure to γ-Radiation have been previously identified. In this study, we examined the genes further as possible biomarkers for the blood lymphocytes of C57BL/6 mice after Whole Body or local irRadiation of the thorax, abdomen, and left subphrenic area. Methods and Materials We performed reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of genes encoding platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb, protein tyrosine kinase, sialyltransferase, and Cu/ZnSOD in blood lymphocytes, lung tissue, spleen, and intestines. The protein expression in blood lymphocytes was confirmed by Western blot analysis. Results The expression of platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb, protein tyrosine kinase, sialyltransferase, and Cu/ZnSOD was significantly greater after 3 days as a result of 1 Gy of Whole Body irRadiation. Moreover, local irRadiation to the thorax, abdomen, or left subphrenic area, which are frequently exposed to therapeutic Radiation doses, showed a tendency toward Radiation-induced increased expression of these genes in both the blood and the locally irradiated organs. Western blot analysis also corroborated these results. Conclusion Platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb, protein tyrosine kinase, sialyltransferase, and Cu/ZnSOD might be candidates for biomarkers of Radiation exposure. However, additional experiments are required to reveal the relationship between the expression levels and the prognostic effects after irRadiation.
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Identification of Possible Candidate Biomarkers for Local or Whole Body Radiation Exposure in C57BL/6 Mice
International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, 2007Co-Authors: Changmo Kang, Dooil JeoungAbstract:Purpose Specific genes expressed as a result of Whole Body exposure to γ-Radiation have been previously identified. In this study, we examined the genes further as possible biomarkers for the blood lymphocytes of C57BL/6 mice after Whole Body or local irRadiation of the thorax, abdomen, and left subphrenic area. Methods and Materials We performed reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of genes encoding platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb, protein tyrosine kinase, sialyltransferase, and Cu/ZnSOD in blood lymphocytes, lung tissue, spleen, and intestines. The protein expression in blood lymphocytes was confirmed by Western blot analysis. Results The expression of platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb, protein tyrosine kinase, sialyltransferase, and Cu/ZnSOD was significantly greater after 3 days as a result of 1 Gy of Whole Body irRadiation. Moreover, local irRadiation to the thorax, abdomen, or left subphrenic area, which are frequently exposed to therapeutic Radiation doses, showed a tendency toward Radiation-induced increased expression of these genes in both the blood and the locally irradiated organs. Western blot analysis also corroborated these results. Conclusion Platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb, protein tyrosine kinase, sialyltransferase, and Cu/ZnSOD might be candidates for biomarkers of Radiation exposure. However, additional experiments are required to reveal the relationship between the expression levels and the prognostic effects after irRadiation.
Errol R Norwitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Placenta percreta and uterine rupture associated with prior Whole Body Radiation therapy.
Obstetrics and gynecology, 2020Co-Authors: Errol R Norwitz, Howard M Stern, Holcombe E Grier, A Lee-parritzAbstract:Injury to reproductive organs including the uterus is a known complication of ionizing Radiation, but the risks to the mother and fetus during subsequent pregnancies are not well defined. A young woman with a remote history of Whole Body irRadiation for childhood leukemia had uterine rupture at 17 weeks' gestation. Pathologic examination of the supracervical hysterectomy specimen revealed a posterior-fundal placenta percreta with a diffusely thinned myometrium (1-6 mm). The clinicopathologic findings were consistent with prior Radiation injury. Uterine irRadiation may predispose to abnormal placentation and uterine rupture in a subsequent pregnancy.
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placenta percreta and uterine rupture associated with prior Whole Body Radiation therapy
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2001Co-Authors: Errol R Norwitz, Howard M Stern, Holcombe E Grier, Aviva LeeparritzAbstract:Abstract Background: Injury to reproductive organs including the uterus is a known complication of ionizing Radiation, but the risks to the mother and fetus during subsequent pregnancies are not well defined. Case: A young woman with a remote history of Whole Body irRadiation for childhood leukemia had uterine rupture at 17 weeks’ gestation. Pathologic examination of the supracervical hysterectomy specimen revealed a posterior-fundal placenta percreta with a diffusely thinned myometrium (1–6 mm). The clinicopathologic findings were consistent with prior Radiation injury. Conclusion: Uterine irRadiation may predispose to abnormal placentation and uterine rupture in a subsequent pregnancy.
Toshihiko Sado - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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calorie restriction reduces the incidence of myeloid leukemia induced by a single Whole Body Radiation in c3h he mice
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1997Co-Authors: Kazuko Yoshida, Tohru Inoue, Kumie Nojima, Yoko Hirabayashi, Toshihiko SadoAbstract:Dietary restriction, especially caloric restriction, is a major modifier in experimental carcinogenesis and is known to decrease significantly the incidence of neoplasms. Gross and Dreyfuss [Gross, L. & Dreyfuss, Y. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 7596–7598; Gross, L. & Dreyfuss, Y. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 7928–7931] reported that a 36% restriction in caloric intake dramatically decreased the Radiation-induced solid tumors and/or leukemias. Their protocol predominantly produced lymphatic neoplasms. It is of interest to observe the effect of caloric restriction on Radiation-induced myeloid leukemia, because the disease was observed to have been increased in the survivors of the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The spontaneous incidence of myeloid leukemia in C3H/He male mice is 1%, and the incidence increased to 23.3% when 3 Gy of Whole-Body x-ray irRadiation was given. However, the incidence of myeloid leukemia was found to be significantly decreased by caloric restriction; it was reduced to 7.9% and 10.7% when restriction was started before (6 weeks old) and after (10 weeks old) irRadiation, respectively. In addition, the onset of the myeloid leukemia in both restricted groups was prolonged to a greater extent as compared with the control diet group. Caloric restriction demonstrated a significant prolongation of the life span in the groups on a restricted diet after having been exposed to irRadiation, either before or after dietary restriction, in comparison with mice that were only irradiated.
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Calorie restriction reduces the incidence of myeloid leukemia induced by a single Whole-Body Radiation in C3H/He mice
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1997Co-Authors: Kazuko Yoshida, Tohru Inoue, Kumie Nojima, Yoko Hirabayashi, Toshihiko SadoAbstract:Dietary restriction, especially caloric restriction, is a major modifier in experimental carcinogenesis and is known to decrease significantly the incidence of neoplasms. Gross and Dreyfuss [Gross, L. & Dreyfuss, Y. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 7596–7598; Gross, L. & Dreyfuss, Y. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 7928–7931] reported that a 36% restriction in caloric intake dramatically decreased the Radiation-induced solid tumors and/or leukemias. Their protocol predominantly produced lymphatic neoplasms. It is of interest to observe the effect of caloric restriction on Radiation-induced myeloid leukemia, because the disease was observed to have been increased in the survivors of the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The spontaneous incidence of myeloid leukemia in C3H/He male mice is 1%, and the incidence increased to 23.3% when 3 Gy of Whole-Body x-ray irRadiation was given. However, the incidence of myeloid leukemia was found to be significantly decreased by caloric restriction; it was reduced to 7.9% and 10.7% when restriction was started before (6 weeks old) and after (10 weeks old) irRadiation, respectively. In addition, the onset of the myeloid leukemia in both restricted groups was prolonged to a greater extent as compared with the control diet group. Caloric restriction demonstrated a significant prolongation of the life span in the groups on a restricted diet after having been exposed to irRadiation, either before or after dietary restriction, in comparison with mice that were only irradiated.
