The Experts below are selected from a list of 25596 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Paul J Villeneuve - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Workplace Exposure to diesel and gasoline engine exhausts and the risk of colorectal cancer in canadian men
Environmental Health, 2016Co-Authors: Shelley A. Harris, Marie-Élise Parent, Kenneth C. Johnson, Paul J Villeneuve, Linda KachuriAbstract:The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified diesel exhaust as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) and gasoline exhaust as a possible carcinogen (Group 2B) based studies of lung cancer, however the evidence for other sites is limited. We addressed this question by investigating Exposure to diesel and gasoline emissions with respect to risk of colorectal cancer in men. We used data from a population-based case–control study with incident cases of colon (n = 931) and rectal (n = 840) cancer and 1360 controls from 7 Canadian provinces conducted in 1994–1997. Lifetime occupational history and information on other risk factors was collected. Occupational hygienists, blinded to case–control status, assigned Exposures to each job for 3 dimensions: concentration, frequency, and reliability. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and their 95 % confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for age, province, use of proxy respondents, smoking, body-mass index, physical activity, intake of alcohol, processed meats, and occupational Exposure to asbestos and aromatic amines. Among CRC cases, 638 (36 %) were exposed to diesel and 814 (46 %) were exposed to gasoline emissions. Relative to the unexposed, elevated risks were observed among subjects ever exposed to high concentration levels of diesel emissions for colorectal cancer (OR = 1.65, 95 % CI = 0.98–2.80) and rectal cancer (OR = 1.98, 95 % CI = 1.09–3.60), but not colon cancer. Prolonged (>10 years) Exposure at high concentrations was also associated with high risks of rectal cancer (OR = 2.33 95 % CI = 0.94–5.78; p-trend = 0.02). No statistically significant associations were observed for gasoline emissions. Our findings suggest that sustained high-level Exposure diesel emissions may increase the risk of rectal cancer.
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occupational Exposure to asbestos and lung cancer in men evidence from a population based case control study in eight canadian provinces
BMC Cancer, 2012Co-Authors: Shelley A. Harris, Marie-Élise Parent, Paul J Villeneuve, Kenneth C. JohnsonAbstract:Background Asbestos is classified as a human carcinogen, and studies have consistently demonstrated that Workplace Exposure to it increases the risk of developing lung cancer. Few studies have evaluated risks in population-based settings where there is a greater variety in the types of occupations, and Exposures.
Cheryl E Peters - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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population level estimates of Workplace Exposure to secondhand smoke in canada
Canadian Journal of Public Health-revue Canadienne De Sante Publique, 2020Co-Authors: Cheryl E Peters, Ela Rydz, Victoria H ArrandaleAbstract:Secondhand smoke (SHS) is a known lung carcinogen that is also associated with cardiovascular disease and premature death. An important source of Exposure to SHS is the Workplace. In the past, efforts have been made to reduce Workplace SHS Exposure across Canada, with corresponding benefits to public health. This study estimated the number of workers exposed to SHS in Canada in 2006 and 2016 and their level of Exposure. The proportion of workers exposed to SHS and the proportion of workers reporting specific Workplace smoking restrictions by occupation and province, acquired from the 2007–2009 and 2010–2012 Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Surveys, were applied to 2006 and 2016 Canadian census data to estimate population-level Exposure. Workers were assigned to Exposure levels (possible, moderate, high) using Workplace smoking restrictions. Only moderately and highly exposed workers were considered exposed. The number of exposed workers decreased by 20% from 520,000 in 2006 to 418,000 in 2016. Workers were equally split between moderate and high Exposure groups. Trades, transport and equipment operators, and workers in primary industry had the highest rates of overall Exposure. The proportion of workers exposed varied by province, with the lowest rates in Ontario (approximately 2% in both years), and the highest in Saskatchewan in 2006 (6%) and Newfoundland in 2016 (4%). Workplace SHS Exposure persists. The findings can help prioritize high-risk groups for interventions and inform studies of the burden of occupational disease. Further characterization of Exposure is needed to better inform enforcement and prevention.
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Workplace Exposure to asbestos and the risk of kidney cancer in canadian men
Canadian Journal of Public Health-revue Canadienne De Sante Publique, 2018Co-Authors: Shelley A. Harris, Marie-Élise Parent, Cheryl E Peters, Linda Kachuri, Lidija Latifovic, Laura BogaertAbstract:Previous studies considered the role of occupational causes in kidney cancer but were limited by small sample sizes and imprecise Exposure assessment. This study examined the relationship between occupational Exposure to asbestos and the risk of kidney cancer across a range of jobs in a large, population-based case-control study in Canada. Data were from the case-control component of the National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System, a study conducted between 1994 and 1997 in eight Canadian provinces. Male kidney cancer cases, histologically confirmed, and controls completed questionnaires on socio-demographics, anthropometry, diet, smoking, secondhand smoke Exposure, and physical activity. Occupational histories were also collected, including each job held for at least 1 year since the age of 18. Occupational hygienists, blinded to case status, assigned Exposure to asbestos, considering intensity, frequency, and probability of Exposure (each 3-point scales). Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of kidney cancer in exposed participants (defined using three metrics) compared to those without asbestos Exposure. There were 712 cases and 2454 controls in these analyses. Ever-Exposure to asbestos was associated with 20% increased odds of kidney cancer compared to unexposed workers (OR 1.2, 95% confidence interval 1.0–1.4 when including possibly exposed workers). A small increase in risk was observed with cumulative Exposure, while increasing intensity of Exposure was related to increased odds of kidney cancer. This study found some evidence for an association between occupational Exposure to asbestos and kidney cancer. Higher intensity of Exposure to asbestos had the strongest relationship with kidney cancer risk.
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carex canada an enhanced model for assessing occupational carcinogen Exposure
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2015Co-Authors: Cheryl E Peters, Amy L Hall, Hugh W Davies, Paul A DemersAbstract:Objectives To estimate the numbers of workers exposed to known and suspected occupational carcinogens in Canada, building on the methods of CARcinogen Exposure (CAREX) projects in the European Union (EU). Methods CAREX Canada consists of estimates of the prevalence and level of Exposure to occupational carcinogens. CAREX Canada includes occupational agents evaluated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as known, probable or possible human carcinogens that were present and feasible to assess in Canadian Workplaces. A Canadian Workplace Exposure Database was established to identify the potential for Exposure in particular industries and occupations, and to create Exposure level estimates among priority agents, where possible. CAREX EU data were reviewed for relevance to the Canadian context and the proportion of workers likely to be exposed by industry and occupation in Canada was assigned using expert assessment and agreement by a minimum of two occupational hygienists. These proportions were used to generate prevalence estimates by linkage with the Census of Population for 2006, and these estimates are available by industry, occupation, sex and province. Results CAREX Canada estimated the number of workers exposed to 44 known, probable and suspected carcinogens. Estimates of levels of Exposure were further developed for 18 priority agents. Common Exposures included night shift work (1.9 million exposed), solar ultraviolet radiation Exposure (1.5 million exposed) and diesel engine exhaust (781 000 exposed). Conclusions A substantial proportion of Canadian workers are exposed to known and suspected carcinogens at work.
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exposed or not the diminishing record of Workplace Exposure in canada
Canadian Journal of Public Health-revue Canadienne De Sante Publique, 2014Co-Authors: Amy L Hall, Cheryl E Peters, Paul A Demers, Hugh W DaviesAbstract:The Canadian Workplace Exposure Database (CWED) is the first of its kind in Canada. It was originally developed in 2008 by the Canadian Carcinogen Exposure project (CAREX Canada) to assist in estimating worker Exposures to carcinogens across the country. Following the CWED’s establishment, all Canadian federal and provincial agencies responsible for administering occupational health and safety regulation were surveyed to obtain a clearer picture of the quantity and quality of regulatory Exposure data available. This revealed troubling reductions in Exposure measurement collection, retention, and centralization by these agencies in recent years. Such trends will limit access to Workplace Exposure measurements for federal and provincial regulatory agencies as well as health researchers. Workplace Exposure databases are used around the world for a variety of important purposes, such as identifying hazardous Workplaces and workers at risk, assessing temporal–spatial trends, setting priorities for prevention, and informing epidemiological research. Efforts are underway to preserve historical data and promote prospective collection, however future success of the CWED will require collaboration and long-term vision on the part of those responsible for collecting Workplace Exposure measurements in Canada.
Kenneth C. Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Workplace Exposure to diesel and gasoline engine exhausts and the risk of colorectal cancer in canadian men
Environmental Health, 2016Co-Authors: Shelley A. Harris, Marie-Élise Parent, Kenneth C. Johnson, Paul J Villeneuve, Linda KachuriAbstract:The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified diesel exhaust as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) and gasoline exhaust as a possible carcinogen (Group 2B) based studies of lung cancer, however the evidence for other sites is limited. We addressed this question by investigating Exposure to diesel and gasoline emissions with respect to risk of colorectal cancer in men. We used data from a population-based case–control study with incident cases of colon (n = 931) and rectal (n = 840) cancer and 1360 controls from 7 Canadian provinces conducted in 1994–1997. Lifetime occupational history and information on other risk factors was collected. Occupational hygienists, blinded to case–control status, assigned Exposures to each job for 3 dimensions: concentration, frequency, and reliability. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and their 95 % confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for age, province, use of proxy respondents, smoking, body-mass index, physical activity, intake of alcohol, processed meats, and occupational Exposure to asbestos and aromatic amines. Among CRC cases, 638 (36 %) were exposed to diesel and 814 (46 %) were exposed to gasoline emissions. Relative to the unexposed, elevated risks were observed among subjects ever exposed to high concentration levels of diesel emissions for colorectal cancer (OR = 1.65, 95 % CI = 0.98–2.80) and rectal cancer (OR = 1.98, 95 % CI = 1.09–3.60), but not colon cancer. Prolonged (>10 years) Exposure at high concentrations was also associated with high risks of rectal cancer (OR = 2.33 95 % CI = 0.94–5.78; p-trend = 0.02). No statistically significant associations were observed for gasoline emissions. Our findings suggest that sustained high-level Exposure diesel emissions may increase the risk of rectal cancer.
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occupational Exposure to asbestos and lung cancer in men evidence from a population based case control study in eight canadian provinces
BMC Cancer, 2012Co-Authors: Shelley A. Harris, Marie-Élise Parent, Paul J Villeneuve, Kenneth C. JohnsonAbstract:Background Asbestos is classified as a human carcinogen, and studies have consistently demonstrated that Workplace Exposure to it increases the risk of developing lung cancer. Few studies have evaluated risks in population-based settings where there is a greater variety in the types of occupations, and Exposures.
Shelley A. Harris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Workplace Exposure to asbestos and the risk of kidney cancer in canadian men
Canadian Journal of Public Health-revue Canadienne De Sante Publique, 2018Co-Authors: Shelley A. Harris, Marie-Élise Parent, Cheryl E Peters, Linda Kachuri, Lidija Latifovic, Laura BogaertAbstract:Previous studies considered the role of occupational causes in kidney cancer but were limited by small sample sizes and imprecise Exposure assessment. This study examined the relationship between occupational Exposure to asbestos and the risk of kidney cancer across a range of jobs in a large, population-based case-control study in Canada. Data were from the case-control component of the National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System, a study conducted between 1994 and 1997 in eight Canadian provinces. Male kidney cancer cases, histologically confirmed, and controls completed questionnaires on socio-demographics, anthropometry, diet, smoking, secondhand smoke Exposure, and physical activity. Occupational histories were also collected, including each job held for at least 1 year since the age of 18. Occupational hygienists, blinded to case status, assigned Exposure to asbestos, considering intensity, frequency, and probability of Exposure (each 3-point scales). Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of kidney cancer in exposed participants (defined using three metrics) compared to those without asbestos Exposure. There were 712 cases and 2454 controls in these analyses. Ever-Exposure to asbestos was associated with 20% increased odds of kidney cancer compared to unexposed workers (OR 1.2, 95% confidence interval 1.0–1.4 when including possibly exposed workers). A small increase in risk was observed with cumulative Exposure, while increasing intensity of Exposure was related to increased odds of kidney cancer. This study found some evidence for an association between occupational Exposure to asbestos and kidney cancer. Higher intensity of Exposure to asbestos had the strongest relationship with kidney cancer risk.
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Workplace Exposure to diesel and gasoline engine exhausts and the risk of colorectal cancer in canadian men
Environmental Health, 2016Co-Authors: Shelley A. Harris, Marie-Élise Parent, Kenneth C. Johnson, Paul J Villeneuve, Linda KachuriAbstract:The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified diesel exhaust as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) and gasoline exhaust as a possible carcinogen (Group 2B) based studies of lung cancer, however the evidence for other sites is limited. We addressed this question by investigating Exposure to diesel and gasoline emissions with respect to risk of colorectal cancer in men. We used data from a population-based case–control study with incident cases of colon (n = 931) and rectal (n = 840) cancer and 1360 controls from 7 Canadian provinces conducted in 1994–1997. Lifetime occupational history and information on other risk factors was collected. Occupational hygienists, blinded to case–control status, assigned Exposures to each job for 3 dimensions: concentration, frequency, and reliability. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and their 95 % confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for age, province, use of proxy respondents, smoking, body-mass index, physical activity, intake of alcohol, processed meats, and occupational Exposure to asbestos and aromatic amines. Among CRC cases, 638 (36 %) were exposed to diesel and 814 (46 %) were exposed to gasoline emissions. Relative to the unexposed, elevated risks were observed among subjects ever exposed to high concentration levels of diesel emissions for colorectal cancer (OR = 1.65, 95 % CI = 0.98–2.80) and rectal cancer (OR = 1.98, 95 % CI = 1.09–3.60), but not colon cancer. Prolonged (>10 years) Exposure at high concentrations was also associated with high risks of rectal cancer (OR = 2.33 95 % CI = 0.94–5.78; p-trend = 0.02). No statistically significant associations were observed for gasoline emissions. Our findings suggest that sustained high-level Exposure diesel emissions may increase the risk of rectal cancer.
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occupational Exposure to asbestos and lung cancer in men evidence from a population based case control study in eight canadian provinces
BMC Cancer, 2012Co-Authors: Shelley A. Harris, Marie-Élise Parent, Paul J Villeneuve, Kenneth C. JohnsonAbstract:Background Asbestos is classified as a human carcinogen, and studies have consistently demonstrated that Workplace Exposure to it increases the risk of developing lung cancer. Few studies have evaluated risks in population-based settings where there is a greater variety in the types of occupations, and Exposures.
Kurt Straif - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lung Cancer Risk and Workplace Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke
American journal of public health, 2007Co-Authors: Leslie T. Stayner, James Bena, Annie J. Sasco, Randall J. Smith, Kyle Steenland, Michaela Kreuzer, Kurt StraifAbstract:Objectives. We sought to quantitatively evaluate the association between Workplace environmental tobacco smoke Exposure and lung cancer. Methods. We performed a meta-analysis in 2003 of data from 22 studies from multiple locations worldwide of Workplace environmental tobacco smoke Exposure and lung cancer risk. Estimates of relative risk from these studies were analyzed by fitting the data to fixed and mixed effects models. Analyses of highly exposed workers and of the relationship between duration of Exposure and lung cancer were also performed. Results. The meta-analysis indicated a 24% increase in lung cancer risk (relative risk [RR] = 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18, 1.29) among workers exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. A 2-fold increased risk (RR = 2.01; 95% CI=1.33, 2.60) was observed for workers classified as being highly exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. A strong relationship was observed between lung cancer and duration of Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Conclusions. The findings from this investigation provide the strongest evidence to date that Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in the Workplace is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. (Am J Public Health. 2007;97: 545‐551. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.061275)
