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David W. Hoskin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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10 Gingerol a major phenolic constituent of ginger root induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in triple negative breast cancer cells
Experimental and Molecular Pathology, 2017Co-Authors: Megan M Bernard, Jason R Mcconnery, David W. HoskinAbstract:The ginger rhizome is rich in bioactive compounds, including [6]-Gingerol, [8]-Gingerol, and [10]-Gingerol; however, to date, most research on the anti-cancer activities of Gingerols have focused on [6]-Gingerol. In this study, we compared [10]-Gingerol with [8]-Gingerol and [6]-Gingerol in terms of their ability to inhibit the growth of human and mouse mammary carcinoma cells. A colorimetric assay based on the enzymatic reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide revealed that [10]-Gingerol was more potent than [6]-Gingerol and at least as potent as [8]-Gingerol for the inhibition of triple-negative human (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468) and mouse (4T1, E0771) mammary carcinoma cell growth. Further investigation of [10]-Gingerol showed that it suppressed the growth of estrogen receptor-bearing (MCF-7, T47D) and HER2-overexpressing (SKBR3) breast cancer cells. The inhibitory effect of [10]-Gingerol on the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells was associated with a reduction in the number of rounds of cell division and evidence of S phase-cell cycle arrest, as well as induction of apoptosis due to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and the release of proapoptotic mitochondrial cytochrome c and SMAC/DIABLO into the cytoplasm. Surprisingly, killing of MDA-MB-231 cells by [10]-Gingerol was not affected by a pan-caspase inhibitor (zVAD-fmk) or an anti-oxidant (N-acetylcysteine), suggesting that the cytotoxic effect of [10]-Gingerol did not require caspase activation or the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. These findings suggest that further investigation of [10]-Gingerol is warranted for its possible use in the treatment of breast cancer.
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differential inhibition of t lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine synthesis by 6 Gingerol 8 Gingerol and 10 Gingerol
Phytotherapy Research, 2015Co-Authors: Megan M Bernard, Suzanne J Furlong, Melanie Power R Coombs, David W. HoskinAbstract:[6]-Gingerol, [8]-Gingerol, and [10]-Gingerol are pungent components of fresh ginger, extracts of which inhibit various components of the inflammatory response. Because little is known regarding the effect of Gingerols with different unbranched alkyl side chain lengths on the activation and effector function of T lymphocytes, we compared the effects of [6]-Gingerol, [8]-Gingerol, and [10]-Gingerol on murine T lymphocyte proliferation, expression of CD25 and CD69 activation markers, cytokine synthesis, and interleukin (IL)-2 receptor signaling. All three Gingerols inhibited DNA synthesis by T lymphocytes, as well as interferon-γ synthesis. In contrast, only [8]-Gingerol and [10]-Gingerol inhibited CD25 and CD69 expression, and IL-2 synthesis. None of the Gingerols affected IL-4 synthesis. Exogenous IL-2 enhanced T lymphocyte proliferation in the presence of [6]-Gingerol but did not significantly increase T lymphocyte proliferation in the presence of [8]-Gingerol or [10]-Gingerol. In line with this finding, [8]-Gingerol and [10]-Gingerol impaired IL-2-induced proliferation of CTLL-2 cells, but constitutive CD25 expression was unaffected, indicating inhibition of IL-2 receptor signaling. In general, [10]-Gingerol and [8]-Gingerol were more potent inhibitors of T lymphocytes than [6]-Gingerol. Suppression of T lymphocyte responses by Gingerols suggests that these phytochemicals may be beneficial in chronic inflammatory conditions associated with excessive or inappropriate T lymphocyte activation. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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differential inhibition of t lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine synthesis by 6 Gingerol 8 Gingerol and 10 Gingerol
Phytotherapy Research, 2015Co-Authors: Megan M Bernard, Suzanne J Furlong, Melanie Power R Coombs, David W. HoskinAbstract:[6]-Gingerol, [8]-Gingerol, and [10]-Gingerol are pungent components of fresh ginger, extracts of which inhibit various components of the inflammatory response. Because little is known regarding the effect of Gingerols with different unbranched alkyl side chain lengths on the activation and effector function of T lymphocytes, we compared the effects of [6]-Gingerol, [8]-Gingerol, and [10]-Gingerol on murine T lymphocyte proliferation, expression of CD25 and CD69 activation markers, cytokine synthesis, and interleukin (IL)-2 receptor signaling. All three Gingerols inhibited DNA synthesis by T lymphocytes, as well as interferon-γ synthesis. In contrast, only [8]-Gingerol and [10]-Gingerol inhibited CD25 and CD69 expression, and IL-2 synthesis. None of the Gingerols affected IL-4 synthesis. Exogenous IL-2 enhanced T lymphocyte proliferation in the presence of [6]-Gingerol but did not significantly increase T lymphocyte proliferation in the presence of [8]-Gingerol or [10]-Gingerol. In line with this finding, [8]-Gingerol and [10]-Gingerol impaired IL-2-induced proliferation of CTLL-2 cells, but constitutive CD25 expression was unaffected, indicating inhibition of IL-2 receptor signaling. In general, [10]-Gingerol and [8]-Gingerol were more potent inhibitors of T lymphocytes than [6]-Gingerol. Suppression of T lymphocyte responses by Gingerols suggests that these phytochemicals may be beneficial in chronic inflammatory conditions associated with excessive or inappropriate T lymphocyte activation.
Lianwen Qi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simultaneous determination of 6 Gingerol 8 Gingerol 10 Gingerol and 6 shogaol in rat plasma by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry application to pharmacokinetics
Journal of Chromatography B, 2009Co-Authors: Changyin Li, Ping Li, Lianwen QiAbstract:Abstract A rapid high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of 6-Gingerol, 8-Gingerol, 10-Gingerol and 6-shogaol in rat plasma after oral administration of ginger oleoresin. Plasma samples extracted with a liquid–liquid extraction procedure were separated on an Agilent Zorbax StableBond-C 18 column (4.6 mm × 50 mm, 1.8 μm) and detected by MS with electrospray ionization interface in positive selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Calibration curves (1/ x 2 weighted) offered satisfactory linearity ( r 2 > 0.995) in a wide linear range (0.0104–13.0 μg/mL for 6-Gingerol, 0.00357–4.46 μg/mL for 8-Gingerol, 0.00920–11.5 μg/mL for 10-Gingerol and 0.00738–9.22 μg/mL for 6-shogaol). The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was in a range of 3.57–10.4 ng/mL. The analytes and internal standard can be baseline separated within 6 min. Inter- and intra-day assay variation was less than 15%. This developed method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of ginger oleoresin after oral administration to rats. Glucuronide of 6-Gingerol was determined after β-glucuronidase hydrolysis for more information, and the intestinal glucuronidation was further confirmed by comparison of plasma samples of hepatic portal vein and femoral vein.
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Simultaneous determination of 6-Gingerol, 8-Gingerol, 10-Gingerol and 6-shogaol in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Application to pharmacokinetics.
Journal of chromatography. B Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Changyin Li, Ping Li, Lianwen QiAbstract:A rapid high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of 6-Gingerol, 8-Gingerol, 10-Gingerol and 6-shogaol in rat plasma after oral administration of ginger oleoresin. Plasma samples extracted with a liquid-liquid extraction procedure were separated on an Agilent Zorbax StableBond-C(18) column (4.6 mm x 50 mm, 1.8 microm) and detected by MS with electrospray ionization interface in positive selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Calibration curves (1/x(2) weighted) offered satisfactory linearity (r(2)>0.995) in a wide linear range (0.0104-13.0 microg/mL for 6-Gingerol, 0.00357-4.46 microg/mL for 8-Gingerol, 0.00920-11.5 microg/mL for 10-Gingerol and 0.00738-9.22 microg/mL for 6-shogaol). The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was in a range of 3.57-10.4 ng/mL. The analytes and internal standard can be baseline separated within 6 min. Inter- and intra-day assay variation was less than 15%. This developed method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of ginger oleoresin after oral administration to rats. Glucuronide of 6-Gingerol was determined after beta-glucuronidase hydrolysis for more information, and the intestinal glucuronidation was further confirmed by comparison of plasma samples of hepatic portal vein and femoral vein.
Megan M Bernard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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10 Gingerol a major phenolic constituent of ginger root induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in triple negative breast cancer cells
Experimental and Molecular Pathology, 2017Co-Authors: Megan M Bernard, Jason R Mcconnery, David W. HoskinAbstract:The ginger rhizome is rich in bioactive compounds, including [6]-Gingerol, [8]-Gingerol, and [10]-Gingerol; however, to date, most research on the anti-cancer activities of Gingerols have focused on [6]-Gingerol. In this study, we compared [10]-Gingerol with [8]-Gingerol and [6]-Gingerol in terms of their ability to inhibit the growth of human and mouse mammary carcinoma cells. A colorimetric assay based on the enzymatic reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide revealed that [10]-Gingerol was more potent than [6]-Gingerol and at least as potent as [8]-Gingerol for the inhibition of triple-negative human (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468) and mouse (4T1, E0771) mammary carcinoma cell growth. Further investigation of [10]-Gingerol showed that it suppressed the growth of estrogen receptor-bearing (MCF-7, T47D) and HER2-overexpressing (SKBR3) breast cancer cells. The inhibitory effect of [10]-Gingerol on the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells was associated with a reduction in the number of rounds of cell division and evidence of S phase-cell cycle arrest, as well as induction of apoptosis due to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and the release of proapoptotic mitochondrial cytochrome c and SMAC/DIABLO into the cytoplasm. Surprisingly, killing of MDA-MB-231 cells by [10]-Gingerol was not affected by a pan-caspase inhibitor (zVAD-fmk) or an anti-oxidant (N-acetylcysteine), suggesting that the cytotoxic effect of [10]-Gingerol did not require caspase activation or the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. These findings suggest that further investigation of [10]-Gingerol is warranted for its possible use in the treatment of breast cancer.
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differential inhibition of t lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine synthesis by 6 Gingerol 8 Gingerol and 10 Gingerol
Phytotherapy Research, 2015Co-Authors: Megan M Bernard, Suzanne J Furlong, Melanie Power R Coombs, David W. HoskinAbstract:[6]-Gingerol, [8]-Gingerol, and [10]-Gingerol are pungent components of fresh ginger, extracts of which inhibit various components of the inflammatory response. Because little is known regarding the effect of Gingerols with different unbranched alkyl side chain lengths on the activation and effector function of T lymphocytes, we compared the effects of [6]-Gingerol, [8]-Gingerol, and [10]-Gingerol on murine T lymphocyte proliferation, expression of CD25 and CD69 activation markers, cytokine synthesis, and interleukin (IL)-2 receptor signaling. All three Gingerols inhibited DNA synthesis by T lymphocytes, as well as interferon-γ synthesis. In contrast, only [8]-Gingerol and [10]-Gingerol inhibited CD25 and CD69 expression, and IL-2 synthesis. None of the Gingerols affected IL-4 synthesis. Exogenous IL-2 enhanced T lymphocyte proliferation in the presence of [6]-Gingerol but did not significantly increase T lymphocyte proliferation in the presence of [8]-Gingerol or [10]-Gingerol. In line with this finding, [8]-Gingerol and [10]-Gingerol impaired IL-2-induced proliferation of CTLL-2 cells, but constitutive CD25 expression was unaffected, indicating inhibition of IL-2 receptor signaling. In general, [10]-Gingerol and [8]-Gingerol were more potent inhibitors of T lymphocytes than [6]-Gingerol. Suppression of T lymphocyte responses by Gingerols suggests that these phytochemicals may be beneficial in chronic inflammatory conditions associated with excessive or inappropriate T lymphocyte activation. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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differential inhibition of t lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine synthesis by 6 Gingerol 8 Gingerol and 10 Gingerol
Phytotherapy Research, 2015Co-Authors: Megan M Bernard, Suzanne J Furlong, Melanie Power R Coombs, David W. HoskinAbstract:[6]-Gingerol, [8]-Gingerol, and [10]-Gingerol are pungent components of fresh ginger, extracts of which inhibit various components of the inflammatory response. Because little is known regarding the effect of Gingerols with different unbranched alkyl side chain lengths on the activation and effector function of T lymphocytes, we compared the effects of [6]-Gingerol, [8]-Gingerol, and [10]-Gingerol on murine T lymphocyte proliferation, expression of CD25 and CD69 activation markers, cytokine synthesis, and interleukin (IL)-2 receptor signaling. All three Gingerols inhibited DNA synthesis by T lymphocytes, as well as interferon-γ synthesis. In contrast, only [8]-Gingerol and [10]-Gingerol inhibited CD25 and CD69 expression, and IL-2 synthesis. None of the Gingerols affected IL-4 synthesis. Exogenous IL-2 enhanced T lymphocyte proliferation in the presence of [6]-Gingerol but did not significantly increase T lymphocyte proliferation in the presence of [8]-Gingerol or [10]-Gingerol. In line with this finding, [8]-Gingerol and [10]-Gingerol impaired IL-2-induced proliferation of CTLL-2 cells, but constitutive CD25 expression was unaffected, indicating inhibition of IL-2 receptor signaling. In general, [10]-Gingerol and [8]-Gingerol were more potent inhibitors of T lymphocytes than [6]-Gingerol. Suppression of T lymphocyte responses by Gingerols suggests that these phytochemicals may be beneficial in chronic inflammatory conditions associated with excessive or inappropriate T lymphocyte activation.
Changyin Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simultaneous determination of 6 Gingerol 8 Gingerol 10 Gingerol and 6 shogaol in rat plasma by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry application to pharmacokinetics
Journal of Chromatography B, 2009Co-Authors: Changyin Li, Ping Li, Lianwen QiAbstract:Abstract A rapid high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of 6-Gingerol, 8-Gingerol, 10-Gingerol and 6-shogaol in rat plasma after oral administration of ginger oleoresin. Plasma samples extracted with a liquid–liquid extraction procedure were separated on an Agilent Zorbax StableBond-C 18 column (4.6 mm × 50 mm, 1.8 μm) and detected by MS with electrospray ionization interface in positive selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Calibration curves (1/ x 2 weighted) offered satisfactory linearity ( r 2 > 0.995) in a wide linear range (0.0104–13.0 μg/mL for 6-Gingerol, 0.00357–4.46 μg/mL for 8-Gingerol, 0.00920–11.5 μg/mL for 10-Gingerol and 0.00738–9.22 μg/mL for 6-shogaol). The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was in a range of 3.57–10.4 ng/mL. The analytes and internal standard can be baseline separated within 6 min. Inter- and intra-day assay variation was less than 15%. This developed method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of ginger oleoresin after oral administration to rats. Glucuronide of 6-Gingerol was determined after β-glucuronidase hydrolysis for more information, and the intestinal glucuronidation was further confirmed by comparison of plasma samples of hepatic portal vein and femoral vein.
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Simultaneous determination of 6-Gingerol, 8-Gingerol, 10-Gingerol and 6-shogaol in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Application to pharmacokinetics.
Journal of chromatography. B Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Changyin Li, Ping Li, Lianwen QiAbstract:A rapid high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of 6-Gingerol, 8-Gingerol, 10-Gingerol and 6-shogaol in rat plasma after oral administration of ginger oleoresin. Plasma samples extracted with a liquid-liquid extraction procedure were separated on an Agilent Zorbax StableBond-C(18) column (4.6 mm x 50 mm, 1.8 microm) and detected by MS with electrospray ionization interface in positive selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Calibration curves (1/x(2) weighted) offered satisfactory linearity (r(2)>0.995) in a wide linear range (0.0104-13.0 microg/mL for 6-Gingerol, 0.00357-4.46 microg/mL for 8-Gingerol, 0.00920-11.5 microg/mL for 10-Gingerol and 0.00738-9.22 microg/mL for 6-shogaol). The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was in a range of 3.57-10.4 ng/mL. The analytes and internal standard can be baseline separated within 6 min. Inter- and intra-day assay variation was less than 15%. This developed method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of ginger oleoresin after oral administration to rats. Glucuronide of 6-Gingerol was determined after beta-glucuronidase hydrolysis for more information, and the intestinal glucuronidation was further confirmed by comparison of plasma samples of hepatic portal vein and femoral vein.
Deborah C Rios - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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high performance liquid chromatographic analysis of 6 Gingerol 8 Gingerol 10 Gingerol and 6 shogaol in ginger containing dietary supplements spices teas and beverages
Journal of Chromatography B, 2007Co-Authors: Harvey A Schwertner, Deborah C RiosAbstract:Abstract Ginger root powder is widely used as a dietary supplement as well as a spice and flavoring agent in foods and beverages. In this study, we developed a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method that is suitable for the analysis of 6-Gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-Gingerol, and 10-Gingerol in a wide variety of ginger-containing dietary supplements, spices, teas, mints, and beverages. 6-Gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-Gingerol, and 10-Gingerol were extracted from various ginger-containing products with ethyl acetate and analyzed by HPLC on a C-8 reversed phase column at 282 nm. The recoveries of 6-, 8-, and 10-Gingerol, and 6-shogaol from the ginger dietary supplements and ginger-containing products were 94.7 ± 4.1, 93.6 ± 3.4, 94.9 ± 4.0, 97.1 ± 3.8%, respectively. The within-day coefficients of variation for 6-Gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-Gingerol, and 10-Gingerol standards at 50.0 μg/mL were 2.54, 2.38, 2.55, and 2.31%, respectively. The lower limit of quantitation was 25 ng injected. The standard curves for 6-, 8-, and 10-Gingerol and 6-shogaol were linear from 10.0 to 1000 μg/mL. The variation (CV's) in the 6-Gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-Gingerol, and 10-Gingerol concentrations of nine different ginger root dietary supplements were 115.2, 45.7, 72.3, and 141.7%, respectively. The Gingerol composition of various ginger-containing spices, teas, and beverages also were found to vary widely. The proposed method can be used for the analysis and standardization of 6-, 8-, and 10-Gingerol in ginger-containing dietary supplements, spices, food products and beverages and as a method for determining the amounts of 6-shogaol as a marker for 6-Gingerol stability.
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Variation in concentration and labeling of ginger root dietary supplements
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2006Co-Authors: Harvey A Schwertner, Deborah C Rios, Joshua E. PascoeAbstract:OBJECTIVE: Ginger root dietary supplements are often used to alleviate symptoms of nausea and vomiting associated with pregnancy. In this study, we determined the variation in 6-Gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-Gingerol, and 10-Gingerol concentrations and labeling of different brands of ginger root dietary supplements. METHODS: Ten different ginger root dietary supplements were purchased randomly at local pharmacies and health food stores. The 6-Gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-Gingerol, and 10-Gingerol concentrations of the dietary supplements were determined by high-performance liquid-chromatography. In addition, we examined the container labeling for the amount of ginger root powder or extract in each capsule, the serving size, ingredients, expiration date, lot number, standardization procedure, and suggested use. RESULTS: The 6-Gingerol concentration of the ginger powder dietary supplements ranged from 0.0 to 9.43 mg/g, (mean standard deviation, 2.56 2.95 mg/g), 6-shogaol ranged from 0.16 to 2.18 mg/g (1.27 0.58), 8-Gingerol ranged from 0.00 to 1.1 mg/g (0.47 0.34), and 10-Gingerol ranged from 0.00 to 1.40 mg/g (0.36 0.51). The amounts of 6-Gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-Gingerol, and 10-Gingerol in the ginger root dietary supplements varied widely on both a milligram per gram basis and on a milligram per capsule basis. Likewise, the suggested ginger serving sizes varied from 250 mg to 4.77 g per day. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that there is a wide variation in the Gingerol composition and in the suggested serving sizes of ginger root powder from different manufacturers. (Obstet Gynecol 2006;107:1337–43)
