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Bonnie Halpernfelsher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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perceptions of second hand smoke risks predict future Adolescent Smoking initiation
Journal of Adolescent Health, 2009Co-Authors: Anna V Song, Stanton A Glantz, Bonnie HalpernfelsherAbstract:Purpose To directly test whether perceptions of second-hand smoke risks deter Adolescent Smoking initiation.
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perceptions of Smoking related risks and benefits as predictors of Adolescent Smoking initiation
American Journal of Public Health, 2009Co-Authors: Anna V Song, Holly E R Morrell, Jodi L Cornell, Malena E Ramos, Michael Biehl, Rhonda Y Kropp, Bonnie HalpernfelsherAbstract:Objectives. The predictive value of perceptions of Smoking-related risks and benefits with regard to Adolescent Smoking initiation has not been adequately established. We used prospective, longitudinal data to directly test whether Smoking-related perceptions predict Smoking initiation among Adolescents.Methods. We administered surveys assessing perceptions of Smoking-related risks and benefits to 395 high school students, beginning at the start of their ninth-grade year. We conducted follow-up assessments every 6 months until the end of 10th grade, obtaining 4 waves of data.Results. Adolescents who held the lowest perceptions of long-term Smoking-related risks were 3.64 times more likely to start Smoking than were Adolescents who held the highest perceptions of risk. Adolescents who held the lowest perceptions of short-term Smoking-related risks were 2.68 times more likely to initiate. Adolescents who held the highest perceptions of Smoking-related benefits were 3.31 times more likely to initiate.Conclus...
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perceptions of Smoking related risks and benefits as predictors of Adolescent Smoking initiation
American Journal of Public Health, 2009Co-Authors: Anna V Song, Holly E R Morrell, Jodi L Cornell, Malena E Ramos, Michael Biehl, Rhonda Y Kropp, Bonnie HalpernfelsherAbstract:Objectives. The predictive value of perceptions of Smoking-related risks and benefits with regard to Adolescent Smoking initiation has not been adequately established. We used prospective, longitud...
James D Sargent - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Adolescent Smoking experimentation as a predictor of daily cigarette Smoking
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2017Co-Authors: James D Sargent, Joy Gabrielli, Alan J Budney, Samir Soneji, Thomas A WillsAbstract:Abstract Objective The utility of studying substance use during early adolescence depends on how well indicies of lower-level experimentation predict the development of substance use problems. We examined associations between experimental cigarette use at T1, recanting of use 8 months later (T2), and daily Smoking at 2 years (T4). Methods Longitudinal telephone survey of 6522 US youth aged 10–14, examining lifetime cigarette Smoking (none, just puffing, 1–19, 20–100, >100) and recanting (i.e., reporting lifetime use at T1, denying ever using at T2) as predictors of T4 daily Smoking using multivariable logistic regression. Covariates included sociodemographics, friend/family Smoking, school performance, and personality characteristics. Results The sample was 51% male, 18% Black, 17% Hispanic, with 70% retained at T2. At T1, 407 (8.9%) Adolescents reported some Smoking, of whom 85 (20.9%) recanted at T2. At T4, 970 reported any Smoking, of whom 88 (9.1%) were daily smokers. Any T1 experimentation identified two-thirds of T4 daily smokers (sensitivity = 66.7%) with a false positive rate of 7.8%. T1 lifetime Smoking categories were associated with the following adjusted odds ratios for T4 daily Smoking (vs. never smokers): 2.7 for recanters (95% confidence interval 0.82, 8.5), 3.5 for few puffs (1.7, 7.0), 9.6 for 1–19 cigarettes (4.1, 22.3), 3.8 for 20–100 cigarettes (1.0, 14.3), and 30.1 for >100 cigarettes (8.1, 111). Conclusions In this sample experimentation with cigarettes predicted future daily Smoking with high utility. The findings provide a rationale for monitoring and reporting any experimentation cigarettes as a tobacco surveillance outcome.
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Smoking in movies and Adolescent Smoking initiation longitudinal study in six european countries
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Matthis Morgenstern, James D Sargent, Rutger C M E Engels, Ron H J Scholte, Ewa Florek, Kate Hunt, Helen Sweeting, Federica Mathis, Fabrizio Faggiano, Reiner HanewinkelAbstract:Background Longitudinal studies from the U.S. suggest a causal relationship between exposure to images of Smoking in movies and Adolescent Smoking onset. Purpose This study investigates whether Adolescent Smoking onset is predicted by the amount of exposure to Smoking in movies across six European countries with various cultural and regulatory approaches to tobacco. Methods Longitudinal survey of 9987 Adolescent never-smokers recruited in the years 2009–2010 (mean age=13.2 years) in 112 state-funded schools from Germany, Iceland, Italy, The Netherlands, Poland, and the United Kingdom (UK), and followed up in 2011. Exposure to movie Smoking was estimated from 250 top-grossing movies in each country. Multilevel mixed-effects Poisson regressions were performed in 2012 to assess the relationship between exposure at baseline and Smoking status at follow-up. Results During the observation period (M=12 months), 17% of the sample initiated Smoking. The estimated mean exposure to on-screen tobacco was 1560 occurrences. Overall, and after controlling for age; gender; family affluence; school performance; TV screen time; personality characteristics; and Smoking status of peers, parents, and siblings, exposure to each additional 1000 tobacco occurrences increased the adjusted relative risk for Smoking onset by 13% (95% CI=8%, 17%, p Conclusions Seeing Smoking in movies is a predictor of Smoking onset in various cultural contexts. The results confirm that limiting young people's exposure to movie Smoking might be an effective way to decrease Adolescent Smoking onset.
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influence of motion picture rating on Adolescent response to movie Smoking
Pediatrics, 2012Co-Authors: James D Sargent, Susanne E Tanski, Mike StoolmillerAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between movie Smoking exposure (MSE) and Adolescent Smoking according to rating category. METHODS: A total of 6522 US Adolescents were enrolled in a longitudinal survey conducted at 8-month intervals; 5503 subjects were followed up at 8 months, 5019 subjects at 16 months, and 4575 subjects at 24 months. MSE was estimated from 532 recent box-office hits, blocked into 3 Motion Picture Association of America rating categories: G/PG, PG-13, and R. A survival model evaluated time to Smoking onset. RESULTS: Median MSE in PG-13–rated movies was ∼3 times higher than median MSE from R-rated movies, but their relation with Smoking was essentially the same, with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.49 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23–1.81) and 1.33 (95% CI: 1.23–1.81) for each additional 500 occurrences of MSE respectively. MSE from G/PG-rated movies was small and had no significant relationship with Adolescent Smoking. Attributable risk estimates showed that Adolescent Smoking would be reduced by 18% (95% CI: 14–21) if Smoking in PG-13–rated movies was reduced to the fifth percentile. In comparison, making all parents maximally authoritative in their parenting would reduce Adolescent Smoking by 16% (95% CI: 12–19). CONCLUSIONS: The equivalent effect of PG-13-rated and R-rated MSE suggests it is the movie Smoking that prompts Adolescents to smoke, not other characteristics of R-rated movies or Adolescents drawn to them. An R rating for movie Smoking could substantially reduce Adolescent Smoking by eliminating Smoking from PG-13 movies.
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exposure to Smoking imagery in popular films and Adolescent Smoking in mexico
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2008Co-Authors: James F Thrasher, Christine Jackson, Edna Arillosantillan, James D SargentAbstract:Background Exposure to Smoking imagery in films is consistently associated with Smoking behavior and its psychological antecedents among Adolescents in high-income countries, but its association with Adolescent Smoking in middle-income countries is unknown. Methods In 2006, a cross-sectional sample of 3876 Mexican Adolescents in secondary school was surveyed on Smoking behavior, Smoking risk factors, and exposure to 42 popular films that contained Smoking. Participants were classified into quartiles of exposure to Smoking imagery across all films they reported having seen. Models were estimated to determine associations among quartiles of film-Smoking exposure, Smoking behavior, and the psychological antecedents of Smoking, adjusting for age, gender, sensation seeking, self-esteem, parental Smoking, sibling Smoking, best-friend Smoking, having a bedroom TV, and private versus public school attendance. Analyses were conducted in 2007. Results Adolescents were exposed to an average of 51.7 (SE=1.3) minutes of Smoking in the films they viewed. Crude and adjusted ORs indicated positive associations between quartiles of film-Smoking exposure and both current Smoking (AOR 4v1 =3.13; p 4v1 =2.42; p n =2098) were analyzed to determine associations between film-Smoking exposure and psychological antecedents of Smoking uptake. Crude and adjusted coefficients indicated significant, positive associations between exposure and susceptibility to Smoking (AOR 4v1 =1.66; p 4v1 =0.44; p 4v1 =0.26; p Conclusions Exposure to Smoking in films appears associated with Smoking among Mexican Adolescents. Policies could aim to decrease youth exposure to Smoking in nationally and internationally distributed films.
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exposure to Smoking depictions in movies its association with established Adolescent Smoking
JAMA Pediatrics, 2007Co-Authors: James D Sargent, Mike Stoolmiller, Keilah A Worth, Sonya Dal Cin, Thomas A Wills, Frederick X Gibbons, Meg Gerrard, Susanne E TanskiAbstract:Objective To assess the association between exposure to movie Smoking and established Adolescent Smoking. Design Longitudinal survey of a representative US Adolescent sample. Setting Adolescents were surveyed by telephone in their homes. Participants Sixty-five hundred twenty-two US Adolescents aged 10 to 14 years at baseline, resurveyed at 8 months (8M) (n = 5503), 16 months (16M) (n = 5019), and 24 months (24M) (n = 4575). Main Exposure Exposure to Smoking in 532 box-office hits released in the 5 years prior to the baseline survey. Outcome Measure Established Smoking (having smoked more than 100 cigarettes during lifetime). Results Of 108 incident established smokers with data at the 24M survey, 85% were current (30-day smokers) and 83% endorsed at least 1 addiction symptom. Established Smoking incidence was 7.4, 15.8, and 19.7 per 1000 person-years of observation for the baseline-to-8M, 8M-to-16M, and 16M-to-24M observation periods, respectively. In a multivariate survival model, risk of established Smoking was predicted by baseline exposure to Smoking in movies with an adjusted overall hazard ratio of 2.04 (95% confidence interval, 1.01-4.12) for teens in the 95th percentile of movie-Smoking exposure compared with the 5th percentile. This effect was independent of age; parent, sibling, or friend Smoking; and sensation seeking. Teens low on sensation seeking were more responsive to the movie-Smoking effect (hazard ratio, 12.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.0-80.6) compared with teens who were high on sensation seeking (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% confidence interval, 0.4-2.6). Conclusion In this national US Adolescent sample, exposure to Smoking in movies predicted risk of becoming an established smoker, an outcome linked with adult dependent Smoking and its associated morbidity and mortality.
Anna V Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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perceptions of second hand smoke risks predict future Adolescent Smoking initiation
Journal of Adolescent Health, 2009Co-Authors: Anna V Song, Stanton A Glantz, Bonnie HalpernfelsherAbstract:Purpose To directly test whether perceptions of second-hand smoke risks deter Adolescent Smoking initiation.
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perceptions of Smoking related risks and benefits as predictors of Adolescent Smoking initiation
American Journal of Public Health, 2009Co-Authors: Anna V Song, Holly E R Morrell, Jodi L Cornell, Malena E Ramos, Michael Biehl, Rhonda Y Kropp, Bonnie HalpernfelsherAbstract:Objectives. The predictive value of perceptions of Smoking-related risks and benefits with regard to Adolescent Smoking initiation has not been adequately established. We used prospective, longitudinal data to directly test whether Smoking-related perceptions predict Smoking initiation among Adolescents.Methods. We administered surveys assessing perceptions of Smoking-related risks and benefits to 395 high school students, beginning at the start of their ninth-grade year. We conducted follow-up assessments every 6 months until the end of 10th grade, obtaining 4 waves of data.Results. Adolescents who held the lowest perceptions of long-term Smoking-related risks were 3.64 times more likely to start Smoking than were Adolescents who held the highest perceptions of risk. Adolescents who held the lowest perceptions of short-term Smoking-related risks were 2.68 times more likely to initiate. Adolescents who held the highest perceptions of Smoking-related benefits were 3.31 times more likely to initiate.Conclus...
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perceptions of Smoking related risks and benefits as predictors of Adolescent Smoking initiation
American Journal of Public Health, 2009Co-Authors: Anna V Song, Holly E R Morrell, Jodi L Cornell, Malena E Ramos, Michael Biehl, Rhonda Y Kropp, Bonnie HalpernfelsherAbstract:Objectives. The predictive value of perceptions of Smoking-related risks and benefits with regard to Adolescent Smoking initiation has not been adequately established. We used prospective, longitud...
John P Pierce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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do favorite movie stars influence Adolescent Smoking initiation
American Journal of Public Health, 2004Co-Authors: Janet M Distefan, John P Pierce, Elizabeth A GilpinAbstract:Objectives. We sought to determine whether Adolescents whose favorite movie stars smoke on-screen are at increased risk of tobacco use.Methods. During interviews, Adolescent never smokers taking part in the California Tobacco Survey nominated their favorite stars. We reviewed popular films released during 1994 through 1996 to determine whether stars smoked on-screen in at least 2 films.Results. One third of never smokers nominated a star who smoked on-screen, which independently predicted later Smoking risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02, 1.82). The effect was strong among girls (OR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.26, 2.73). Among boys, there was no independent effect after control for receptivity to tobacco industry promotions.Conclusions. Public health efforts to reduce Adolescent Smoking must confront Smoking in films as a tobacco marketing strategy.
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do favorite movie stars influence Adolescent Smoking initiation
American Journal of Public Health, 2004Co-Authors: Janet M Distefan, John P Pierce, Elizabeth A GilpinAbstract:Objectives. We sought to determine whether Adolescents whose favorite movie stars smoke on-screen are at increased risk of tobacco use.Methods. During interviews, Adolescent never smokers taking pa...
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association between household and workplace Smoking restrictions and Adolescent Smoking
JAMA, 2000Co-Authors: Arthur J Farkas, Elizabeth A Gilpin, Martha White, John P PierceAbstract:ContextRecent marked increases in Adolescent Smoking indicate a need for new prevention approaches. Whether workplace and home Smoking restrictions play a role in such prevention is unknown.ObjectiveTo assess the association between workplace and home Smoking restrictions and Adolescent Smoking.Design, Setting, and SubjectsData were analyzed from 2 large national population-based surveys, the Current Population Surveys of 1992-1993 and 1995-1996, which included 17,185 Adolescents aged 15 to 17 years.Main Outcome MeasuresSmoking status of the Adolescents surveyed, compared by presence of home and workplace Smoking restrictions.ResultsAfter adjusting for demographics and other smokers in the household, Adolescents who lived in smoke-free households were 74% (95% confidence interval [CI], 62%-88%) as likely to be smokers as Adolescents who lived in households with no Smoking restrictions. Similarly, Adolescents who worked in smoke-free workplaces were 68% (95% CI, 51%-90%) as likely to be smokers as Adolescents who worked in a workplace with no Smoking restrictions. Adolescent smokers were 1.80 (95% CI, 1.23-2.65) times more likely to be former smokers if they lived in smoke-free homes. The most marked relationship of home Smoking restrictions to current Adolescent Smoking occurred in households where all other members were never-smokers. Current Smoking prevalence among Adolescents in homes without Smoking restrictions approached that among Adolescents in homes with a current smoker but with Smoking restrictions.ConclusionsParents with minor children should be encouraged to adopt smoke-free homes. Smoke-free workplaces can also augment Smoking prevention. These findings emphasize the importance of tobacco control strategies aimed at the entire population rather than at youth alone.
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does parental Smoking cessation discourage Adolescent Smoking
Preventive Medicine, 1999Co-Authors: Arthur J Farkas, Janet M Distefan, Elizabeth A Gilpin, Won S Choi, John P PierceAbstract:Abstract Background.We examined the relationship of Smoking cessation in parents to Smoking and uptake and cessation by their Adolescent children. Methods.We analyzed a cross-sectional sample of 4,502 Adolescents, ages 15–17 years, who lived in two-parent households that were interviewed as part of the 1992–1993 Tobacco Supplement of the Current Population Survey, which questioned householders 15 years of age and older about their Smoking history. Ever smokers reported Smoking at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime. Former smokers were ever smokers who had quit. Results.Multivariate analyses, adjusted for demographic characteristics of Adolescents, as well as father's age, education, and family income, found that Adolescents whose parents had quit Smoking were almost one-third less likely to be ever smokers than those with a parent who still smoked. Furthermore, Adolescent ever smokers whose parents quit Smoking were twice as likely to quit as those who had a parent who still smoked. Parental quitting is most effective in reducing initiation if it occurs before the child reaches 9 years of age. Conclusion.Encouraging parents to quit may be an effective method for reducing Adolescent Smoking, through decreased uptake and increased cessation. The earlier parents quit, the less likely their children will become smokers.
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parental influences predict Adolescent Smoking in the united states 1989 1993
Journal of Adolescent Health, 1998Co-Authors: Janet M Distefan, Elizabeth A Gilpin, Won S Choi, John P PierceAbstract:Abstract Purpose: To examine parental influences on two transitions in the Adolescent Smoking uptake process: from never having smoked to experimentation and from experimentation to established Smoking. Methods: Using data from the longitudinal Teenage Attitudes and Practices Survey of 1989–1993, we related perceived parental concern about their Adolescents' future Smoking, parental Smoking status, problem-solving communication between parent and Adolescent, demographics, and other factors at baseline to experimentation by follow-up among those who had never puffed on a cigarette ( n = 4149). We also related these factors at baseline to reaching a lifetime level of Smoking of at least 100 cigarettes by follow up among those who had experimented but smoked n = 2684) in univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Among never-smokers, baseline susceptibility to Smoking and having male best friends who smoke predicted experimentation in the next 4 years. Among experimenters, susceptibility to Smoking, having male or female best friends who smoked, and lack of parental concern about future Smoking distinguished those who progressed to established Smoking by follow-up. Furthermore, communicating with parents first about serious problems was protective against progression from experimentation to established Smoking. Conclusion: Interventions aimed at reducing Adolescent Smoking should encourage cessation for parents who smoke and help parents communicate strong antiSmoking norms to children and Adolescents and maintain strong lines of communication with them.
Rutger C M E Engels - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental Smoking and Smoking onset in adolescence the role of dopamine related genes findings from two longitudinal studies
PLOS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Marieke Hiemstra, Rutger C M E Engels, Marloes Kleinjan, Onno C P Van Schayck, Roy OttenAbstract:Although environmental Smoking (i.e., paternal and maternal Smoking, sibling Smoking, and peer Smoking) is one of the most important factors for explaining Adolescent Smoking behavior, not all Adolescents are similarly affected. The extent to which individuals are vulnerable to Smoking in their environment might depend on genetic factors. The aim of this study was to examine the interplay between environmental Smoking and genes encoding components of the dopaminergic system (i.e., dopamine receptor D2, D4, and dopamine transporter DAT1) in Adolescent Smoking onset. Data from two longitudinal studies were used. Study 1 consisted of 991 non-Smoking early Adolescents (mean age = 12.52, SD = .57) whereas study 2 consisted of 365 non-Smoking middle to late Adolescents (mean age = 14.16, SD = 1.07) who were followed for 16 and 48 months, respectively. Logistic regression analyses were conducted using Mplus. In study 1, we found positive associations between parents' and friends' Smoking at the first measurement and Smoking status 16 months later. In study 2 we found a positive association between friends' Smoking and Smoking onset 48 months later. Neither study demonstrated any interaction effects of the DRD2, DRD4, or DAT1 genotypes. In conclusion, the effects of environmental Smoking on Smoking onset are similar for Adolescent carriers and non-carriers of these specific genes related to the dopaminergic system.
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Smoking in movies and Adolescent Smoking initiation longitudinal study in six european countries
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Matthis Morgenstern, James D Sargent, Rutger C M E Engels, Ron H J Scholte, Ewa Florek, Kate Hunt, Helen Sweeting, Federica Mathis, Fabrizio Faggiano, Reiner HanewinkelAbstract:Background Longitudinal studies from the U.S. suggest a causal relationship between exposure to images of Smoking in movies and Adolescent Smoking onset. Purpose This study investigates whether Adolescent Smoking onset is predicted by the amount of exposure to Smoking in movies across six European countries with various cultural and regulatory approaches to tobacco. Methods Longitudinal survey of 9987 Adolescent never-smokers recruited in the years 2009–2010 (mean age=13.2 years) in 112 state-funded schools from Germany, Iceland, Italy, The Netherlands, Poland, and the United Kingdom (UK), and followed up in 2011. Exposure to movie Smoking was estimated from 250 top-grossing movies in each country. Multilevel mixed-effects Poisson regressions were performed in 2012 to assess the relationship between exposure at baseline and Smoking status at follow-up. Results During the observation period (M=12 months), 17% of the sample initiated Smoking. The estimated mean exposure to on-screen tobacco was 1560 occurrences. Overall, and after controlling for age; gender; family affluence; school performance; TV screen time; personality characteristics; and Smoking status of peers, parents, and siblings, exposure to each additional 1000 tobacco occurrences increased the adjusted relative risk for Smoking onset by 13% (95% CI=8%, 17%, p Conclusions Seeing Smoking in movies is a predictor of Smoking onset in various cultural contexts. The results confirm that limiting young people's exposure to movie Smoking might be an effective way to decrease Adolescent Smoking onset.
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patterns of Adolescent Smoking and later nicotine dependence in young adults a 10 year prospective study
Public Health, 2010Co-Authors: M O M Van De Ven, Rutger C M E Engels, P Greenwood, Craig A Olsson, George C PattonAbstract:Summary Objectives There is considerable variability in progression from Smoking initiation to established Smoking. This paper addresses the extent to which different patterns of Adolescent Smoking, including periods of cessation, predict Smoking status in young adults. Study design Ten-year, eight-wave prospective cohort study of a state-wide community sample in Victoria, Australia. Methods Participants were 1520 students from 44 secondary schools, initially aged 14 to 15 years. Adolescent Smoking and quitting patterns were assessed during Waves 1–6 with self-reported frequency of use and a 7-day retrospective diary. The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (ND) was used to assess ND at the age of 24 years (Wave 8). Results The prevalence of ND in young adults was 16.9% for all Adolescent smokers, with prevalence rates of 6.8% and 26.7% for Adolescent non-daily and daily Adolescent smokers, respectively. Maximum Smoking levels, onset of daily Smoking, duration of Smoking, escalation time and duration of cessation during adolescence predicted later ND. Daily smokers who ceased Smoking for at least two waves (≥12 months) had a level of risk similar to Adolescents who had never smoked. Conclusions Quitting Smoking as an Adolescent substantially alters the risk for later ND. For Adolescents who become daily smokers, quitting for 12 months should be the aim in tobacco control and clinical interventions.
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a prospective study of perception in Adolescent Smoking
Journal of Adolescent Health, 2009Co-Authors: Rutger C M E Engels, Roy Otten, Mitchell J PrinsteinAbstract:Purpose: This prospective study examined how environmental Smoking affects the perception of lifetime Smoking prevalence and thereby the likelihood of subsequent regular Smoking. Methods: A longitudinal design(N ¼6769)withthree waves was usedto test ourresearch questions. Exposure to Smoking by peers, best friends, and parents were assessed at T1. Perception of lifetime Smoking prevalence was calculated at T2. Adolescent Smoking was assessed at three waves. Results: Overestimation of lifetime Smoking prevalence was predicted by having a predominantly Smoking peer group, having a best friend who smokes, and by having at least one parent who smokes. In consistency with a false consensus effect, smokers were more susceptible to overestimate lifetime Smoking prevalence than nonsmokers. Subsequently, while controlling for Smoking at T2, overestimating lifetime Smoking prevalence was predictive of regular Smoking at T3 (in accordance with the conformity hypothesis). Specifically, overestimation of lifetime Smoking appeared to mediate theeffects ofenvironmentalSmoking(peers, bestfriends,andparents) onAdolescentSmoking.Nosupport was found for a moderation effect ofexposure to environmental Smoking onthe link between misperception of lifetime Smoking prevalence and regular Smoking. Conclusions: The study offers a rare and needed theoretical and empirical research examining environmental and individual predictors of regular Smoking. Besides direct prevention of exposure to Smoking,cognitionsthatareaproductofexposuretoSmoking needtobeaddressedinpreventioncampaigns. 2009 Society for Adolescent Medicine. All rights reserved.
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parental Smoking and Adolescent Smoking stages the role of parents current and former Smoking and family structure
Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 2007Co-Authors: Roy Otten, Rutger C M E Engels, Monique O M Van De Ven, Jonathan B BrickerAbstract:This study examined the role of parents’ current and former Smoking in predicting Adolescent Smoking acquisition stages. Participants were 7,426 students from 33 schools in the Netherlands. Participants’ survey data were gathered at baseline and at two-year follow-up. Logistic regression models showed that parental Smoking status was not only predictive of transitions from never Smoking to trying Smoking, monthly Smoking, or daily Smoking, but also of the progression from trying Smoking to daily Smoking. Further, although parental former Smoking was weaker associated with progressive Adolescent Smoking transitions than current parental Smoking, however absence of parental Smoking history was most preventive. Compared to the situation in which both parents had never smoked, cessation of parental Smoking after the child was born was associated with an increased risk for children to smoke. Adolescents living in a single-parent family were at greater risk of Smoking than Adolescents living in an intact family with both mother and father. In sum, the role of parental Smoking is not restricted to Smoking onset and is present throughout different phases of the acquisition process. Results support the delayed modeling hypothesis that parental Smoking affects the likelihood for children to smoke even when parents quit many years before. Children living in single-parent families are only exposed to the behaviour of one parent; in two-parent families the behaviour from one parent may magnify or buffer the behaviour of the other parent.