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Stephen R. Deal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sexuality of Alcoholic Postmenopausal Women:Effects of Duration of Alcohol Abstinence
Alcoholism clinical and experimental research, 1994Co-Authors: Judith S. Gavaler, A. Rizzo, Lorenzo Rossaro, D. H. Van Thiel, E. Brezza, Stephen R. DealAbstract:Little is known about the sexuality of Alcoholic postmenopausal women, and even less is known about the influence of Abstinence on self-assessed measures of sexual function. We now report findings in 60 postmenopausal women to whom a standardized questionnaire was administered. The responses provided information related to not only perceptions of sexuality, but also sexual behavior and performance. Women were categorized as Alcohol abstinent (AA) for > 1 year (long AA, n = 33) or < 1 year (short AA, n = 27). There were no differences between the groups in age, age at menarche, age at menopause, or age at onset of heavy drinking and Alcohol dependence. The mean response rate to 12 sexuality-related questions was comparable in the long AA and short AA groups (83.8% and 85.6%, respectively), and reflected the prevalence of having a regular sexual partner (76% and 85%, respectively). There were statistical differences between the two groups with respect to sexual desire, arousability, and responsiveness during Alcohol Abstinence, but not during Alcohol dependence. Further, there were significant differences with respect to measures of current sexuality: higher proportions of long AA women reported sex being important, as well as their sexual life and intercourse being satisfying. Taken together, these findings suggest that Alcoholic postmenopausal women abstinent from Alcohol for longer than 1 year report greater satisfaction with the sexual aspects of their lives than women abstinent for a shorter period of time.
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Sexuality of Alcoholic Women with Menstrual Cycle Function: Effects of Duration of Alcohol Abstinence
Alcoholism clinical and experimental research, 1993Co-Authors: Judith S. Gavaler, A. Rizzo, Lorenzo Rossaro, D. H. Van Thiel, E. Brezza, Stephen R. DealAbstract:Although improvement in sexual function has been reported to occur in postmenopausal Alcoholic women after long-term sobriety, little is known about the role Alcohol Abstinence may play in terms of improving sexual functioning in Alcoholic women with menstrual cycle function. The responses of 58 menstruating Alcoholic italian women to a standardized questionnaire that included questions related to sexual function, behavior, and performance are reported. Women were categorized as Alcohol abstinent (AA) for>1 year (long AA, n= 22) or 99%. Compared with short AA women, long AA women were significantly older at the time of study, at menarche, and at onset of heavy drinking, Alcohol dependence, and Alcohol Abstinence. Sexual desire was defined as willingness to engage in sexual activity; sexual capacity was defined as the ability to become sexually aroused; sexual responsiveness was defined as the ability to achieve orgasm. On all three measures, as well as intercourse frequency, both long AA and short AA women improved significantly with Alcohol Abstinence. These findings suggest that sobriety, even of relatively short duration, improves sexual function in menstruating Alcoholic women.
Giovanni Addolorato - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sodium oxybate in maintaining Alcohol Abstinence in Alcoholic patients according to lesch typologies a pilot study
Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2014Co-Authors: Fabio Caputo, Giovanni Addolorato, R Brambilla, Arfedele Del Re, Giorgio Zoli, Federica Vignataglianti, Alice Grignaschi, Teo Vignoli, Mauro Cibin, Mauro BernardiAbstract:Sodium oxybate (SO) is a γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA)-ergic drug currently used for the treatment of Alcohol dependence (AD) in some European countries. The aim of this study was to describe the effect of SO administration in Alcoholics classified according to Lesch Alcoholism typology (LAT). Forty-eight patients were enrolled and classified into four groups according to LAT. All patients were treated with oral SO (50 mg/kg of body weight t.i.d.) for 12 weeks. All patients significantly reduced their Alcohol intake (p<0.001). Alcohol Abstinence during the 12 weeks of treatment did not differ between the four groups at the end of treatment. Craving for SO did not significantly differ amongst groups; cases of SO abuse were very limited and were observed in almost 10% of patients. In conclusion, our study showed an overall efficacy of SO in the treatment of AD irrespective of LAT categories. However, our results confirm that Alcoholics with psychiatric co-morbidity, particularly with a borderline personality ...
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Baclofen promotes Alcohol Abstinence in Alcohol dependent cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.
Addictive behaviors, 2011Co-Authors: Lorenzo Leggio, Antonella Zambon, Anna Ferrulli, Francesco Maria Caputo, George A. Kenna, Robert M. Swift, Giovanni AddoloratoAbstract:Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), either alone or in combination, count for more than two thirds of all liver diseases in the Western world. There is no safe level of drinking in HCV-infected patients and the most effective goal for these patients is total Abstinence. Baclofen, a GABA B receptor agonist, represents a promising pharmacotherapy for Alcohol dependence (AD). Previously, we performed a randomized clinical trial (RCT), which demonstrated the safety and efficacy of baclofen in patients affected by AD and cirrhosis. The goal of this post-hoc analysis was to explore baclofen's effect in a subgroup of Alcohol-dependent HCV-infected cirrhotic patients. Any patient with HCV infection was selected for this analysis. Among the 84 subjects randomized in the main trial, 24 Alcohol-dependent cirrhotic patients had a HCV infection; 12 received baclofen 10 mg t.i.d. and 12 received placebo for 12-weeks. With respect to the placebo group (3/12, 25.0%), a significantly higher number of patients who achieved and maintained total Alcohol Abstinence was found in the baclofen group (10/12, 83.3%; p = 0.0123). Furthermore, in the baclofen group, compared to placebo, there was a significantly higher increase in albumin values from baseline (p = 0.0132) and a trend toward a significant reduction in INR levels from baseline (p = 0.0716). In conclusion, baclofen was safe and significantly more effective than placebo in promoting Alcohol Abstinence, and improving some Liver Function Tests (LFTs) (i.e. albumin, INR) in Alcohol-dependent HCV-infected cirrhotic patients. Baclofen may represent a clinically relevant Alcohol pharmacotherapy for these patients.
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sodium oxybate in maintaining Alcohol Abstinence in Alcoholic patients with and without psychiatric comorbidity
European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2011Co-Authors: Fabio Caputo, Giovanni Addolorato, Lorenzo Leggio, Sara Francini, R Brambilla, Michela Stoppo, Arfedele Del Re, Federica Vignataglianti, Giorgio ZoliAbstract:Sodium oxybate (SMO) is a GABA-ergic drug currently used for the treatment of Alcohol-dependence in some European countries. In particular, clinical studies have shown a role of SMO in promoting Alcohol Abstinence, as well as in relieving withdrawal symptoms. The aim of this study was to describe Alcohol Abstinence and the onset of craving for and abuse of SMO in Alcohol-dependent subjects with and without psychiatric co-morbidity. Forty-eight patients were enrolled and classified into two groups: group A (20 Alcoholics without any psychiatric co-morbidity) and group B (28 Alcoholics with a psychiatric co-morbidity). All patients were treated with oral SMO (50 mg/kg of body weight t.i.d.) for 12 weeks. Alcohol Abstinence as well as Alcohol drinking during the 12 weeks of treatment did not differ between the two groups at the end of treatment (p=0.9). In addition, a reduction of Alcohol intake in both groups has been observed (p<0.0001). On the other hand, craving for SMO was significantly more frequent in group B than group A (p=0.001). Cases of SMO abuse were observed in almost 10% of group B patients. In conclusion, Alcohol Abstinence achieved through SMO administration does not differ in patients with and without psychiatric co-morbidity. However, Alcoholics with co-morbid borderline disorders appear to be at high risk of developing craving for and abuse of the drug; therefore, SMO may not be indicated in these patients.
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Sodium oxybate in maintaining Alcohol Abstinence in Alcoholic patients with and without psychiatric comorbidity
European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2011Co-Authors: Fabio Caputo, Giovanni Addolorato, Lorenzo Leggio, Sara Francini, R Brambilla, Federica Vigna-taglianti, Michela Stoppo, Arfedele Del Re, Giorgio Zoli, Mauro BernardiAbstract:Sodium oxybate (SMO) is a GABA-ergic drug currently used for the treatment of Alcohol-dependence in some European countries. In particular, clinical studies have shown a role of SMO in promoting Alcohol Abstinence, as well as in relieving withdrawal symptoms. The aim of this study was to describe Alcohol Abstinence and the onset of craving for and abuse of SMO in Alcohol-dependent subjects with and without psychiatric co-morbidity. Forty-eight patients were enrolled and classified into two groups: group A (20 Alcoholics without any psychiatric co-morbidity) and group B (28 Alcoholics with a psychiatric co-morbidity). All patients were treated with oral SMO (50 mg/kg of body weight t.i.d.) for 12 weeks. Alcohol Abstinence as well as Alcohol drinking during the 12 weeks of treatment did not differ between the two groups at the end of treatment (p=0.9). In addition, a reduction of Alcohol intake in both groups has been observed (p
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Psychosocial findings in Alcohol-dependent patients before and after three months of total Alcohol Abstinence
Frontiers in psychiatry, 2010Co-Authors: Anna Ferrulli, Silvia Cardone, Antonio Mirijello, Lorenzo Leggio, Luisa Vonghia, Giovanni Gasbarrini, Cristina D'angelo, Antonio Miceli, Giovanni AddoloratoAbstract:Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) may be associated with several psychological and affective disorders. It is controversial, however, if these symptoms are a cause or rather a consequence of Alcohol dependence. There are few data testing simultaneously psychosocial and affective disorders before and after a period of Alcohol Abstinence. The aim of this study was to perform multiple psychometric evaluations in Alcohol-dependent patients before and after 12 weeks of Abstinence. Twenty-five Alcohol-dependent patients were included in the study. The following psychometric tests were administered at baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks (T1): Addiction Severity Index (ASI), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Social Behaviour Scale (SBS), Sheehan Disability Scale (DISS), Aggression Questionnaire (AQ). At T1, 16 (64%) patients were abstinent, 5 (20%) patients dropped out and 4 (16%) patients relapsed. Compared to T0, patients totally abstinent at T1 showed a significant reduction of the scores related to BPRS, BPRS-E and its subscales (except BPRS 5), ASI 1, ASI 2, ASI 3, ASI 6, ASI 7, BSM, AQ, DISS 1, DISS 2, DISS 3 (p
Laura Bainbridge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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transferring 24 7 sobriety from south dakota to south london the case of mopac s Alcohol Abstinence monitoring requirement pilot
Addiction, 2019Co-Authors: Laura BainbridgeAbstract:Background and aims: During the past three decades an expansive literature has emerged that is dedicated to analysing the processes of policy transfer. One neglected pathway involves subnational agents emulating crime control innovations that have emerged in subnational jurisdictions of other nations. This paper presents the case of the London Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime's (MOPAC) Alcohol Abstinence Monitoring Requirement (AAMR) Pilot to examine the multi-level factors that facilitate and/or constrain international–subnational crime and justice policy transfer. Methods: A qualitative case study design reconstructed the (in)formal events that led to components of the South Dakota 24/7 Sobriety Project (USA) being either abandoned or integrated into MOPAC's AAMR Pilot. Evidence is drawn from elite interviews and documentary materials. Results: A series of inter/transnational-, macro-domestic-, meso- and micro-level factors enabled and/or obstructed processes of complete international–subnational policy transfer. Exclusion of domestic violence perpetrators from the London Pilot was fuelled by interest-group hostility and mobilization. Use of Alcohol tags rather than breathalysers to monitor compliance was a result of political–economic constraints, concern surrounding intrusion, technological innovation and policy-orientated learning. The decision to omit an ‘offender pays’ funding mechanism was a consequence of legal incompatibility and civil service reluctance, while ‘flash incarceration’ for breach was not implemented due to European policy harmonization. Conclusions: The London Alcohol Abstinence Monitoring Requirement Pilot was a policy ‘synthesis’ that combined ideas, goals, vocabulary, principles, technology and practices from the South Dakota model with the existing English and Welsh criminal justice framework. Structural factors and the actions of particular agents limited the extent to which policy transfer occurred.
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Transferring 24/7 sobriety from South Dakota to South London: the case of MOPAC's Alcohol Abstinence Monitoring Requirement Pilot
Addiction (Abingdon England), 2019Co-Authors: Laura BainbridgeAbstract:Background and aims: During the past three decades an expansive literature has emerged that is dedicated to analysing the processes of policy transfer. One neglected pathway involves subnational agents emulating crime control innovations that have emerged in subnational jurisdictions of other nations. This paper presents the case of the London Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime's (MOPAC) Alcohol Abstinence Monitoring Requirement (AAMR) Pilot to examine the multi-level factors that facilitate and/or constrain international–subnational crime and justice policy transfer. Methods: A qualitative case study design reconstructed the (in)formal events that led to components of the South Dakota 24/7 Sobriety Project (USA) being either abandoned or integrated into MOPAC's AAMR Pilot. Evidence is drawn from elite interviews and documentary materials. Results: A series of inter/transnational-, macro-domestic-, meso- and micro-level factors enabled and/or obstructed processes of complete international–subnational policy transfer. Exclusion of domestic violence perpetrators from the London Pilot was fuelled by interest-group hostility and mobilization. Use of Alcohol tags rather than breathalysers to monitor compliance was a result of political–economic constraints, concern surrounding intrusion, technological innovation and policy-orientated learning. The decision to omit an ‘offender pays’ funding mechanism was a consequence of legal incompatibility and civil service reluctance, while ‘flash incarceration’ for breach was not implemented due to European policy harmonization. Conclusions: The London Alcohol Abstinence Monitoring Requirement Pilot was a policy ‘synthesis’ that combined ideas, goals, vocabulary, principles, technology and practices from the South Dakota model with the existing English and Welsh criminal justice framework. Structural factors and the actions of particular agents limited the extent to which policy transfer occurred.
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Exploring ‘international-subnational’ crime and justice policy transfer: the case of MOPAC’s Alcohol Abstinence Monitoring Requirement Pilot
2017Co-Authors: Laura BainbridgeAbstract:Take even a cursory glance at literature dedicated to discussing crime and justice policy and you are likely to stumble upon claims that policy innovations have travelled overseas and disembarked in the United Kingdom (UK). The significant problem with the majority of such claims, however, is that they are rarely substantiated by systematically conducted research. Instead, they are commonly based on hunches and assumptions that seemingly derive from an understanding that policy responses in the UK and elsewhere look rather similar. Moreover, the small number of empirical studies that have been published in this sphere primarily fix their gaze at the national level, thus neglecting to examine if, why, when, and how subnational agents seek to import crime control initiatives from subnational jurisdictions in a different country. Positioned firmly at the nexus between social policy, political science, and criminology, this thesis seeks to respond to this lacuna by examining the occurrence and realities of the phenomenon of ‘international-subnational’ crime and justice policy transfer with respect to the UK. Adopting a qualitative case study design that is exploratory in nature, it meticulously reconstructs the (in)formal events that led to the development and implementation of the Mayor’s Office for Policing and Crime’s (MOPAC) Alcohol Abstinence Monitoring Requirement (AAMR) Pilot by triangulating evidence obtained from three sources: elite interviews, documentary materials, and unstructured naturalistic observation. In addition to making a series of empirical, methodological, and theoretical contributions to existing academic knowledge, this thesis also bridges the gap between social scientific enquiry and public policy-making by identifying empirically grounded ‘lessons’ for policy practitioners and by forwarding a number of policy recommendations.
Gioacchino Calapai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sodium Oxybate Therapy for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome and Keeping of Alcohol Abstinence.
Current drug metabolism, 2018Co-Authors: Carmen Mannucci, Simona Pichini, Elvira Ventura Spagnolo, Fabrizio Calapai, Sebastiano Gangemi, Michele Navarra, Gioacchino CalapaiAbstract:BACKGROUND Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB or sodium oxybate) is both an exogenous and endogenous molecule with neuromodulator properties. In the United States, GHB is an approved drug for the treatment of narcolepsy and narcolepsy with cataplexy in adults. In some European Union countries, sodium oxybate is applied for the treatment of opioid and Alcohol withdrawal. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present review was to describe the state of art of the pre-clinical research and the clinical evidence related to GHB used alone or in combination with other treatments in Alcohol withdrawal syndrome and Alcohol Abstinence maintenance. METHOD Internationally published pre-clinical findings and clinical studies investigating the effects of GHB on Alcohol withdrawal syndrome and Alcohol Abstinence maintenance were collected and described considering seven clinical studies involving GHB in the treatment of Alcohol withdrawal Abstinence and five clinical studies involving GHB in the treatment of Alcohol Abstinence maintenance. Furthermore, GHB pharmacology and characteristics of abuse were briefly detailed. RESULTS Clinical evidence indicates that GHB is effective in reducing symptoms of Alcohol withdrawal syndrome and produces beneficial effects comparable to those of benzodiazepines or chlometiazole. GHB proved effective in increasing Alcohol Abstinence maintenance and in reducing Alcohol craving, but it did not show any influence in relapses of heavy drinkers when given alone. Conversely, it seems to be effective in reducing relapses in Alcohol dependent patients when given in combination with naltrexone and escitalopram. CONCLUSION Despite this bunch of evidence, studies are still limited and investigations including a larger number of patients are needed. In addition, some safety concerns, such as insufficiency against hallucinations in Alcohol withdrawal and potential development of GHB dependence have to be more investigated.
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sodium oxybate therapy for the treatment of Alcohol withdrawal syndrome and the maintenance of Alcohol Abstinence
Current Drug Metabolism, 2017Co-Authors: Carmen Mannucci, Simona Pichini, Elvira Ventura Spagnolo, Fabrizio Calapai, Sebastiano Gangemi, Michele Navarra, Gioacchino CalapaiAbstract:BACKGROUND Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB or sodium oxybate) is both an exogenous and endogenous molecule with neuromodulator properties. In the United States, GHB is an approved drug for the treatment of narcolepsy and narcolepsy with cataplexy in adults. In some European Union countries, sodium oxybate is applied for the treatment of opioid and Alcohol withdrawal. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present review was to describe the state of art of the pre-clinical research and the clinical evidence related to GHB used alone or in combination with other treatments in Alcohol withdrawal syndrome and Alcohol Abstinence maintenance. METHOD Internationally published pre-clinical findings and clinical studies investigating the effects of GHB on Alcohol withdrawal syndrome and Alcohol Abstinence maintenance were collected and described considering seven clinical studies involving GHB in the treatment of Alcohol withdrawal Abstinence and five clinical studies involving GHB in the treatment of Alcohol Abstinence maintenance. Furthermore, GHB pharmacology and characteristics of abuse were briefly detailed. RESULTS Clinical evidence indicates that GHB is effective in reducing symptoms of Alcohol withdrawal syndrome and produces beneficial effects comparable to those of benzodiazepines or chlometiazole. GHB proved effective in increasing Alcohol Abstinence maintenance and in reducing Alcohol craving, but it did not show any influence in relapses of heavy drinkers when given alone. Conversely, it seems to be effective in reducing relapses in Alcohol dependent patients when given in combination with naltrexone and escitalopram. CONCLUSION Despite this bunch of evidence, studies are still limited and investigations including a larger number of patients are needed. In addition, some safety concerns, such as insufficiency against hallucinations in Alcohol withdrawal and potential development of GHB dependence have to be more investigated.
Judith S. Gavaler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sexuality of Alcoholic Postmenopausal Women:Effects of Duration of Alcohol Abstinence
Alcoholism clinical and experimental research, 1994Co-Authors: Judith S. Gavaler, A. Rizzo, Lorenzo Rossaro, D. H. Van Thiel, E. Brezza, Stephen R. DealAbstract:Little is known about the sexuality of Alcoholic postmenopausal women, and even less is known about the influence of Abstinence on self-assessed measures of sexual function. We now report findings in 60 postmenopausal women to whom a standardized questionnaire was administered. The responses provided information related to not only perceptions of sexuality, but also sexual behavior and performance. Women were categorized as Alcohol abstinent (AA) for > 1 year (long AA, n = 33) or < 1 year (short AA, n = 27). There were no differences between the groups in age, age at menarche, age at menopause, or age at onset of heavy drinking and Alcohol dependence. The mean response rate to 12 sexuality-related questions was comparable in the long AA and short AA groups (83.8% and 85.6%, respectively), and reflected the prevalence of having a regular sexual partner (76% and 85%, respectively). There were statistical differences between the two groups with respect to sexual desire, arousability, and responsiveness during Alcohol Abstinence, but not during Alcohol dependence. Further, there were significant differences with respect to measures of current sexuality: higher proportions of long AA women reported sex being important, as well as their sexual life and intercourse being satisfying. Taken together, these findings suggest that Alcoholic postmenopausal women abstinent from Alcohol for longer than 1 year report greater satisfaction with the sexual aspects of their lives than women abstinent for a shorter period of time.
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Sexuality of Alcoholic Women with Menstrual Cycle Function: Effects of Duration of Alcohol Abstinence
Alcoholism clinical and experimental research, 1993Co-Authors: Judith S. Gavaler, A. Rizzo, Lorenzo Rossaro, D. H. Van Thiel, E. Brezza, Stephen R. DealAbstract:Although improvement in sexual function has been reported to occur in postmenopausal Alcoholic women after long-term sobriety, little is known about the role Alcohol Abstinence may play in terms of improving sexual functioning in Alcoholic women with menstrual cycle function. The responses of 58 menstruating Alcoholic italian women to a standardized questionnaire that included questions related to sexual function, behavior, and performance are reported. Women were categorized as Alcohol abstinent (AA) for>1 year (long AA, n= 22) or 99%. Compared with short AA women, long AA women were significantly older at the time of study, at menarche, and at onset of heavy drinking, Alcohol dependence, and Alcohol Abstinence. Sexual desire was defined as willingness to engage in sexual activity; sexual capacity was defined as the ability to become sexually aroused; sexual responsiveness was defined as the ability to achieve orgasm. On all three measures, as well as intercourse frequency, both long AA and short AA women improved significantly with Alcohol Abstinence. These findings suggest that sobriety, even of relatively short duration, improves sexual function in menstruating Alcoholic women.