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Martin Aluja - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Metagenomic Survey of the Highly Polyphagous Anastrepha ludens Developing in Ancestral and Exotic Hosts Reveals the Lack of a Stable Microbiota in Larvae and the Strong Influence of Metamorphosis on Adult Gut Microbiota
    'Frontiers Media SA', 2021
    Co-Authors: Martin Aluja, Larissa Guillen, Jesús Alejandro Zamora-briseño, Vicente Pérez-brocal, Alma Altúzar-molina, Damaris Desgarennes, Mirna Vázquez-rosas-landa, Enrique Ibarra-laclette, Alexandro G. Alonso-sánchez, Andrés Moya
    Abstract:

    We studied the microbiota of a highly polyphagous insect, Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae), developing in six of its hosts, including two ancestral (Casimiroa edulis and C. greggii), three exotic (Mangifera indica cv. Ataulfo, Prunus persica cv. Criollo, and Citrus x aurantium) and one occasional host (Capsicum pubescens cv. Manzano), that is only used when extreme drought conditions limit fruiting by the common hosts. One of the exotic hosts (“criollo” peach) is rife with polyphenols and the occasional host with capsaicinoids exerting high fitness costs on the larvae. We pursued the following questions: (1) How is the microbial composition of the larval food related to the composition of the larval and adult microbiota, and what does this tell us about transience and stability of this species’ gut microbiota? (2) How does metamorphosis affect the adult microbiota? We surveyed the microbiota of the pulp of each host fruit, as well as the gut microbiota of larvae and adult flies and found that the gut of A. ludens larvae lacks a stable microbiota, since it was invariably associated with the composition of the pulp microbiota of the host plant species studied and was also different from the microbiota of adult flies indicating that metamorphosis filters out much of the microbiota present in larvae. The microbiota of adult males and females was similar between them, independent of host plant and was dominated by bacteria within the Enterobacteriaceae. We found that in the case of the “toxic” occasional host C. pubescens the microbiota is enriched in potentially deleterious genera that were much less abundant in the other hosts. In contrast, the pulp of the ancestral host C. edulis is enriched in several bacterial groups that can be beneficial for larval development. We also report for the first time the presence of bacteria within the Arcobacteraceae family in the gut microbiota of A. ludens stemming from C. edulis. Based on our findings, we conclude that changes in the food-associated microbiota dictate major changes in the larval microbiota, suggesting that most larval gut microbiota is originated from the food

  • Response surface models fitted to data on diet cost.
    2017
    Co-Authors: Carlos Pascacio-villafán, Andrea Birke, Trevor Williams, Martin Aluja
    Abstract:

    (a) Cost (US dollars), (b) cost savings (US dollars) and (c) cost savings (%) as a function of yeast: corn flour: corncob fractions mixtures in the artificial diet of Anastrepha ludens. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional plots for each response variable are shown in the upper and lower row, respectively.

  • sexual competitiveness of Anastrepha ludens diptera tephritidae males exposed to citrus aurantium and citrus paradisi essential oils
    Journal of Economic Entomology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Santiago Morato, Juan Rull, Todd E Shelly, Martin Aluja
    Abstract:

    Males of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)) display increased mating competitiveness following exposure to the odor of certain host and nonhost plants, and this phenomenon has been used in the sterile insect technique to boost the mating success of released, sterile males. Here, we aimed to establish whether males of the Mexican fruit fly (Anastrepha ludens (Loew)) gain a mating advantage when exposed to the aroma of two preferred hosts, grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macfadyen) and bitter orange (Citrus aurantium L.). Under seminatural conditions, we observed that, in trials using wildish males (from a young laboratory colony started with wild flies) exclusively, exposure to the aroma of bitter orange had no effect on male mating success but exposure to the odor grapefruit oil increased male mating success significantly. In a separate test involving both exposed and nonexposed wildish and mass-reared, sterile males, although wildish males were clearly more competitive than sterile males, exposure to grapefruit oil had no detectable effect on either male type. Exposure to oils had no effect on copulation duration in any of the experiments. We discuss the possibility that the positive effect of grapefruit essential oils on wildish male competitiveness may have been linked to exposure of females to grapefruit as a larval food, which may have imprinted them with grapefruit odors during pupal eclosion and biased their response as adults to odors of their maternal host.

  • Mixture-Amount Design and Response Surface Modeling to Assess the Effects of Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids on Developmental Performance of Anastrepha ludens
    Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Carlos Pascacio-villafán, John Sivinski, Trevor Williams, Stephen Lapointe, Randall Niedz, Martin Aluja
    Abstract:

    Host plant resistance to insect attack and expansion of insect pests to novel hosts may to be modulated by phenolic compounds in host plants. Many studies have evaluated the role of phenolics in host plant resistance and the effect of phenolics on herbivore performance, but few studies have tested the joint effect of several compounds. Here, we used mixture-amount experimental design and response surface modeling to study the effects of a variety of phenolic compounds on the development and survival of Mexican fruit fly ( Anastrepha ludens [Loew]), a notorious polyphagous pest of fruit crops that is likely to expand its distribution range under climate change scenarios. (+)- Catechin, phloridzin, rutin, chlorogenic acid, and p -coumaric acid were added individually or in mixtures at different concentrations to a laboratory diet used to rear individuals of A. ludens . No effect was observed with any mixture or concentration on percent pupation, pupal weight, adult emergence, or survival from neonate larvae to adults. Larval weight, larval and pupal developmental time, and the prevalence of adult deformities were affected by particular mixtures and concentrations of the compounds tested. We suggest that some combinations/concentrations of phenolic compounds could contribute to the management of A. ludens . We also highlight the importance of testing mixtures of plant secondary compounds when exploring their effects upon insect herbivore performance, and we show that mixture-amount design is a useful tool for this type of experiments.

  • susceptibility of 15 mango sapindales anacardiaceae cultivars to the attack by Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua diptera tephritidae and the role of underdeveloped fruit as pest reservoirs management implications
    Journal of Economic Entomology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Martin Aluja, Juan Rull, Francisco Diazfleischer, José Arredondo, Andrea Birke, Jerome Niogret, Nancy D Epsky
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT We evaluated the susceptibility of 15 mango cultivars to the attack of Anastrepha ludens (Loew) and Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) (Diptera: Tephritidae), the main tephritid pests of this crop in Mexico. In a field experiment, bagged fruit-bearing branches were exposed to gravid females of both fly species. Infestation rates, developmental time, adult eclosion, and F1 adult longevity, fecundity, and fertility were recorded, ranking cultivars in terms of susceptibility to fly attack and development. We also compared the volatile profile in selected resistant and susceptible cultivars in search of possible correlations. In a second experiment, clutch size for A. ludens was determined in each cultivar. Infestation rates, developmental time, and F1 demographic parameters varied sharply among cultivars and between fly species for bagged fruit. Cultivars ‘Vishi,’ ‘74 – 82,’ and ‘Brooks’ were most susceptible to A. ludens infestation while ‘Tommy,’ ‘Sensation,’ and ‘Ataulfo “nino’” (partheno- carpic frui...

Pablo Montoya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • irradiation of early immature Anastrepha ludens stages for the rearing of doryctobracon areolatus hymenoptera braconidae a fruit fly parasitoid
    Bulletin of Entomological Research, 2020
    Co-Authors: Florida Lopezarriaga, Jorge Cancino, Victor Hugo Gordillo, Pablo Montoya
    Abstract:

    Doryctobracon areolatus is a native parasitoid of the Neotropical region that presents the highest percentages of natural parasitism of fruit flies of the genus Anastrepha. In the Moscafrut Program SADER-SENASICA, located in Metapa de Dominguez, Chiapas, Mexico, a laboratory colony of this species is maintained on Anastrepha ludens, the Mexican fruit fly, with the aim to scale the production of the parasitoid up to massive levels. In order to eliminate unwanted emergence of adult flies during the rearing process, this study evaluated the effect of irradiation (at doses of 20, 30, 40, and 50 Gy) applied to eggs, and first and second instar larvae of A. ludens; all irradiated stages were subsequently exposed as second instar larvae to adult females of D. areolatus. Irradiation did not affect the eclosion of A. ludens eggs but, at doses of 40 and 50 Gy, it did cause delayed larval development and pupation, as well as lower larval weight. Adult fly emergence was suppressed at all doses, except in eggs irradiated at 20 Gy. Doses of 20 and 30 Gy applied to the eggs and larvae did not affect the emergence, survival, fecundity or flight ability of the emerged parasitoids, but the second instar larvae were easily handled during the rearing process. Our results suggest that D. areolatus can be successfully produced in second instar larvae of A. ludens irradiated at 30 Gy.

  • EFFECT OF SOIL MOISTURE ON THE PERSISTENCE AND EFFICACY OF HETERORHABDITIS BACTERIOPHORA (RHABDITIDA: HETERORHABDITIDAE) AGAINST Anastrepha ludens (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) LARVAE
    2020
    Co-Authors: Jorge Toledo, Trevor Williams, Pablo Montoya, Anaximandro Gomez, José E Sánchez, Jorge E Ibarra
    Abstract:

    absTracT The efficacy of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) infective juveniles (IJs) was evaluated against third instar Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae) under laboratory conditions in a sandy clay soil at various levels of soil moisture. Three experiments were performed in which the efficacy of the IJs against A. ludens was estimated, i.e., (a) at 6 different levels of soil moisture, (b) in soil that was allowed to lose moisture over a 15 day period, and (c) in soil with an initial moisture content of 16% and in which moisture loss was partially mitigated by adding water at 5-day intervals. In the first experiment, the greatest A. ludens mortality (80%) was observed in soil with 18% moisture (-63.1 bars), although this was not significantly greater than A. ludens mortality at 21% moisture (-20.4 bars). At 24% soil moisture (-7.70 bars), percentage of mortality of A. ludens declined to about 50%. Likewise insect mortality was substantially lower at soil moisture levels of 15% (-240.1 bars) and 12% (-1,232 bars) and very much lower (about 16%) at 9% soil moisture (-10,147 bars). In the second experiment, as soil moisture declined from 16% to less than 10% over a 15 day period, the infectivity of IJs, as indicated by A. ludens larval mortality, progressively declined from more than 55% to less than 10%. In the third experiment, in which moisture loss was partially mitigated by adding water at 5-day intervals, the decline in infectivity of IJs was gradual up to 21 days, but decreased thereafter. We conclude that soil moisture levels must be carefully considered when applying H. bacteriophora IJs to control A. ludens under field conditions, because soil moisture has a marked effect on the efficacy of IJs for the biological control of this pest. Key Words: entomopathogenic nematodes, fruit flies, infectivity, microbial control resumen La capacidad infectiva de los juveniles infectivos (JIs) del nemátodo H. bacteriophora (Poinar) fue evaluada contra larvas de tercer estadio de Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae), bajo condiciones de laboratorio, utilizando suelo con textura areno-arcillosa con diferentes porcentajes de humedad. El estudio consistió de tres experimentos, donde se midió la efectividad de los juveniles infectivos (JIs): 1) probando seis diferentes niveles de humedad en el suelo; 2) en suelo con pérdida constante de humedad, durante 15 días; y 3) en suelo con 16% de humedad inicial y rehidratación cada cinco días. En el primer experimento se observó la mayor infección en suelo con 18% de humedad (-63.1 bars), aunque esta mortalidad no fue significativamente mayor a 21% de humedad (-20.4 bars). Con un suelo a 24% de humedad (-7.70 bars), el porcentaje de mortalidad de A. ludens disminuy

  • packing and postirradiation handling of the Anastrepha ludens diptera tephritidae tapachula 7 genetic sexing strain combined effects of hypoxia pupal size and temperature on adult quality
    Journal of Economic Entomology, 2018
    Co-Authors: José Arredondo, Lia Ruiz, Pablo Montoya, Francisco Diazfleischer
    Abstract:

    The production of genetic sexing strains (GSS) of tephritid flies for sterile insect technique (SIT) programs convey the need to determine new conditions for packing and shipment since these flies are more susceptible to stressors than standard bisexual strains. We studied the effect of hypoxia, pupae size, and temperature on the new GSS Tapachula-7 of Anastrepha ludens flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). In one experiment, we tested the interaction size hypoxia using three pupae sizes, 6 (11.6 ± 1.1 mg), 7 (15.3 ± 1.5 mg), and 8 (17.9 ± 1.3 mg) (95% of produced pupae exhibit these categories of size), and four hypoxia periods, 12, 24, 36, 48 h and a control. In a second experiment, we tested two periods of hypoxia (24 and 48 h) and four temperatures: 15, 20, 25, and 30°C and a control (without hypoxia at laboratory temperature). Our results showed that the emergence and percent of fliers from the pupae exposed to hypoxia were adversely affected; however, emergence was higher in pupae of size 7. Treatment for 12 and 24 h hypoxia led to a higher number of fliers. In the case of the interaction of hypoxia and temperature, it was observed that those flies that emerged from the pupae exposed to hypoxia at 15 and 20°C exhibited quality control parameters similar to those that were not exposed to hypoxia. We discuss our results on the basis of the metabolic response to these factors and its application in the SIT programs.

  • Host acceptance by three native braconid parasitoid species attacking larvae of the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Diptera, Tephritidae)
    Pensoft Publishers, 2018
    Co-Authors: Amanda Ayala, Jorge Toledo, Gabriela Pérez-lachaud, Pablo Liedo, Pablo Montoya
    Abstract:

    We studied the oviposition and host acceptance behavior of three braconid parasitoid species native to Mexico, Doryctobracon crawfordi (Viereck), Opius hirtus (Fischer), and Utetes Anastrephae (Viereck), with potential to be considered as biocontrol agents against tephritid fruit fly pests in the Neotropics. Third instar larvae of Anastrepha ludens (Loew), with and without previous parasitization by conspecifics, were simultaneously offered to females of each species, and the individual behavior was video recorded to construct oviposition flow diagrams. The patterns of foraging and host acceptance were similar in the studied species; all rejected mostly parasitized hosts suggesting that this strategy is common in the guild of larval parasitoids attacking Anastrepha spp. The complete searching and host acceptance process took 2.2 ± 0.1 min (mean ± SE) in D. crawfordi, 1.7 ± 0.1 s in U. Anastrephae and 1.5 ± 0.1 s in O. hirtus. Notably, because of toxins injected by parasitoid females during oviposition, the parasitized hosts experienced a transient paralysis of variable duration. Hosts attacked by U. Anastrephae remained immobile for the shortest time (12.5 ± 1 min) (mean±SE), followed by D. crawfordi (20.5 ± 3.4 min) and O. hirtus (24.1 ± 2 min). Our data revealed a notable discrimination ability in all three species, and that behavioral differences lay mainly in the time of parasitization and in the duration of paralysis experienced by attacked hosts. This suggest that the three species could be valuable as biocontrol agents, but additional studies are necessary to better understand the advantages and limitations of each one as natural enemies of fruit fly pests

  • effect of soil moisture on the persistence and efficacy of heterorhabditis bacteriophora rhabditida heterorhabditidae against Anastrepha ludens diptera tephritidae larvae
    Florida Entomologist, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jorge Toledo, Trevor Williams, Pablo Montoya, Anaximandro Gomez, José E Sánchez, Jorge E Ibarra
    Abstract:

    The efficacy of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) infective juveniles (IJs) was evaluated against third instar Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae) under laboratory conditions in a sandy clay soil at various levels of soil moisture. Three experiments were performed in which the efficacy of the IJs against A. ludens was estimated, i.e., (a) at 6 different levels of soil moisture, (b) in soil that was allowed to lose moisture over a 15 day period, and (c) in soil with an initial moisture content of 16% and in which moisture loss was partially mitigated by adding water at 5-day intervals. In the first experiment, the greatest A. ludens mortality (80%) was observed in soil with 18% moisture (-63.1 bars), although this was not significantly greater than A. ludens mortality at 21% moisture (-20.4 bars). At 24% soil moisture (-7.70 bars), percentage of mortality of A. ludens declined to about 50%. Likewise insect mortality was substantially lower at soil moisture levels of 15% (-240.1 bars) and 12% (-1,232 bars) and very much lower (about 16%) at 9% soil moisture (-10,147 bars). In the second experiment, as soil moisture declined from 16% to less than 10% over a 15 day period, the infectivity of IJs, as indicated by A. ludens larval mortality, progressively declined from more than 55% to less than 10%. In the third experiment, in which moisture loss was partially mitigated by adding water at 5-day intervals, the decline in infectivity of IJs was gradual up to 21 days, but decreased thereafter. We conclude that soil moisture levels must be carefully considered when applying H. bacteriophora IJs to control A. ludens under field conditions, because soil moisture has a marked effect on the efficacy of IJs for the biological control of this pest.

Francisco Diazfleischer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • combined effects of methoprene and metformin on reproduction longevity and stress resistance in Anastrepha ludens diptera tephritidae implications for the sterile insect technique
    Journal of Economic Entomology, 2021
    Co-Authors: Eva Acevesaparicio, José Arredondo, Diana Perezstaples, Aleph A Coronamorales, Jorge E Moralesmavil, Francisco Diazfleischer
    Abstract:

    Survival and mating success are traits of quality in mass-reared sterile males. Thus, studying the trade-offs between these traits may help to improve process in the sterile insect technique (SIT). Here, we tested the hypothesis that modifying individual metabolism, especially of energetic reserves, may reduce the negative impact of an early reproduction on the survival of Anastrepha ludens flies. Appling metformin (a drug used to treat type II diabetes) that improves insects' survival, through dietary restriction mimicry, and methoprene (a juvenile hormone analogue) that accelerates the age to reproduction in insects, we explore the dynamic of this trade-off. We fed A. ludens flies with metformin, methoprene, or a mixture of metformin-methoprene for five consecutive days. We determined the effect of these treatments on the fecundity and fertility (number of eggs and percentage of hatching) of females, on sexual maturation and mating success of males, and on the survival of both sexes. The results showed that the acceleration in sexual maturation by the action of methoprene significantly reduced survival in both sexes of two different fly strains. However, adding metformin to the diet buffered this negative effect, without reducing the mating propensity compared with the males treated only with methoprene. The response to metformin was sex-specific since females responded to high doses of the substance, whereas males responded better to low doses. These results suggest that trade-offs between survival and reproduction do not necessarily depend on energy reserves but they are intrinsically related to metabolic regulation and hormonal control.

  • packing and postirradiation handling of the Anastrepha ludens diptera tephritidae tapachula 7 genetic sexing strain combined effects of hypoxia pupal size and temperature on adult quality
    Journal of Economic Entomology, 2018
    Co-Authors: José Arredondo, Lia Ruiz, Pablo Montoya, Francisco Diazfleischer
    Abstract:

    The production of genetic sexing strains (GSS) of tephritid flies for sterile insect technique (SIT) programs convey the need to determine new conditions for packing and shipment since these flies are more susceptible to stressors than standard bisexual strains. We studied the effect of hypoxia, pupae size, and temperature on the new GSS Tapachula-7 of Anastrepha ludens flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). In one experiment, we tested the interaction size hypoxia using three pupae sizes, 6 (11.6 ± 1.1 mg), 7 (15.3 ± 1.5 mg), and 8 (17.9 ± 1.3 mg) (95% of produced pupae exhibit these categories of size), and four hypoxia periods, 12, 24, 36, 48 h and a control. In a second experiment, we tested two periods of hypoxia (24 and 48 h) and four temperatures: 15, 20, 25, and 30°C and a control (without hypoxia at laboratory temperature). Our results showed that the emergence and percent of fliers from the pupae exposed to hypoxia were adversely affected; however, emergence was higher in pupae of size 7. Treatment for 12 and 24 h hypoxia led to a higher number of fliers. In the case of the interaction of hypoxia and temperature, it was observed that those flies that emerged from the pupae exposed to hypoxia at 15 and 20°C exhibited quality control parameters similar to those that were not exposed to hypoxia. We discuss our results on the basis of the metabolic response to these factors and its application in the SIT programs.

  • evaluation of the host status of mature green papayas maradol for the mexican fruit fly diptera tephritidae
    Journal of Economic Entomology, 2014
    Co-Authors: José Arredondo, Lia Ruiz, Francisco Diazfleischer
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT The suitability of mature green ‘Maradol’ papaya as a host of Anastrepha ludens (Loew) was studied under field and laboratory conditions. Field tests were conducted on commercial-ripened and spot-ripened fruit in two orchards and during two seasons in the state of Chiapas. Fruits at exportation ripeness are in “commercial ripeness,” while fruits that are harvested immediately preceding exportation ripeness are in “spot ripeness.” The field tests consisted of forced infestation experiments that evaluated papayas at two ripeness stages: the commercial- or exportation-ripened fruit (green fruits with one or two yellow stripes) and fruit before exportation ripeness called “spot ripeness.” These tests were conducted in two orchards and during two seasons in the state of Chiapas, Mexico. Laboratory trials were performed with commercial-ripened fruit only. Fruit from four different postharvest periods (3, 24, 48, and 72 h) were exposed to groups of gravid flies. No larvae emerged from the fruit that was...

  • effect of multiple endogenous biological factors on the response of the tephritids Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua diptera tephritidae to multilure traps baited with biolure or nulure in mango orchards
    Journal of Economic Entomology, 2014
    Co-Authors: José Arredondo, Salvador Flores, Pablo Montoya, Francisco Diazfleischer
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT The physiological state of an insect is likely the most important endogenous factor influencing resource-oriented behavior, and it varies considerably among individuals. Trials were conducted in mango orchards to study the effect of multiple endogenous biological factors on the response of two fly species, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) and Anastrepha obliqua Maquart (Diptera: Tephritidae), to BioLure and NuLure baits. The biological factors of the two fly species that were tested were the following: 1) fertility status—sterile (irradiated) and fertile flies; 2) two types of diets (only sugar and a 3:1 mixture of sugar and hydrolyzed yeast protein; 3) sex, and 4) two sexual maturity conditions (2–4- and 15–18-d-old flies, representing immature and sexually mature flies, respectively, and 2–4-d-old flies treated with methoprene as an artificially induced sexually state male condition). The laboratory-treated flies were released into three different mango orchards. The trials were conducted in four block...

  • susceptibility of 15 mango sapindales anacardiaceae cultivars to the attack by Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua diptera tephritidae and the role of underdeveloped fruit as pest reservoirs management implications
    Journal of Economic Entomology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Martin Aluja, Juan Rull, Francisco Diazfleischer, José Arredondo, Andrea Birke, Jerome Niogret, Nancy D Epsky
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT We evaluated the susceptibility of 15 mango cultivars to the attack of Anastrepha ludens (Loew) and Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) (Diptera: Tephritidae), the main tephritid pests of this crop in Mexico. In a field experiment, bagged fruit-bearing branches were exposed to gravid females of both fly species. Infestation rates, developmental time, adult eclosion, and F1 adult longevity, fecundity, and fertility were recorded, ranking cultivars in terms of susceptibility to fly attack and development. We also compared the volatile profile in selected resistant and susceptible cultivars in search of possible correlations. In a second experiment, clutch size for A. ludens was determined in each cultivar. Infestation rates, developmental time, and F1 demographic parameters varied sharply among cultivars and between fly species for bagged fruit. Cultivars ‘Vishi,’ ‘74 – 82,’ and ‘Brooks’ were most susceptible to A. ludens infestation while ‘Tommy,’ ‘Sensation,’ and ‘Ataulfo “nino’” (partheno- carpic frui...

Pablo Liedo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effects of purpureocillium lilacinum hypocreales ophiocordycipitaceae on food consumption and sexual behavior of Anastrepha ludens diptera tephritidae fruit flies
    International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 2021
    Co-Authors: Ricardo Alberto Toledohernandez, Jorge Toledo, Pablo Liedo, Francisco Holguinmelendez, Javier Vallemora, Graciela Huertapalacios
    Abstract:

    Purpureocillium lilacinum is an entomopathogenic fungus. An experiment was conducted to see the sublethal effects of P. lilacinum on Anastrepha ludens adults. The infection of P. lilacinum reduced daily food consumption per fly ranging from 4.25 ± 0.28 to 6.44 ± 0.27 µl for infected flies, and from 6.30 ± 0.28 to 7.81 ± 0.22 µl for non-infected control flies. The age of treatment in males showed a significant effect on their ability to mate (χ2 = 5.32, P < 0.02). Early stage infection (4 days-old), reduced the male mating propensity significantly (10 ± 0.46 treated to 15.4 ± 0.26 untreated, F 8, 5.94 = 5.592, P < 0.01), compared to later stage (8 days-old) insignificant effect. No effect of fungal infection on an ability of male to inseminate the females was noticed, as fertility of the females mated with infected males was not declined. An inoculated single female (mixture of talc and P. lilacinum) was able to transmit conidia to four groups of 10 males within four days. Males exposed to females on the first day acquired in average 1.7 ⋅ 106, on the second day 1.7 ⋅ 105, on the third day 7.3 × 104 and the fourth day 3.5 ⋅ 104 conidia/ male; which resulted 67.5, 55.0, 20.0, and 7.5 % male mortality, respectively. Our study demonstrated that horizontal transmission through copulation could be used to suppress A. ludens populations.

  • Host acceptance by three native braconid parasitoid species attacking larvae of the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Diptera, Tephritidae)
    Pensoft Publishers, 2018
    Co-Authors: Amanda Ayala, Jorge Toledo, Gabriela Pérez-lachaud, Pablo Liedo, Pablo Montoya
    Abstract:

    We studied the oviposition and host acceptance behavior of three braconid parasitoid species native to Mexico, Doryctobracon crawfordi (Viereck), Opius hirtus (Fischer), and Utetes Anastrephae (Viereck), with potential to be considered as biocontrol agents against tephritid fruit fly pests in the Neotropics. Third instar larvae of Anastrepha ludens (Loew), with and without previous parasitization by conspecifics, were simultaneously offered to females of each species, and the individual behavior was video recorded to construct oviposition flow diagrams. The patterns of foraging and host acceptance were similar in the studied species; all rejected mostly parasitized hosts suggesting that this strategy is common in the guild of larval parasitoids attacking Anastrepha spp. The complete searching and host acceptance process took 2.2 ± 0.1 min (mean ± SE) in D. crawfordi, 1.7 ± 0.1 s in U. Anastrephae and 1.5 ± 0.1 s in O. hirtus. Notably, because of toxins injected by parasitoid females during oviposition, the parasitized hosts experienced a transient paralysis of variable duration. Hosts attacked by U. Anastrephae remained immobile for the shortest time (12.5 ± 1 min) (mean±SE), followed by D. crawfordi (20.5 ± 3.4 min) and O. hirtus (24.1 ± 2 min). Our data revealed a notable discrimination ability in all three species, and that behavioral differences lay mainly in the time of parasitization and in the duration of paralysis experienced by attacked hosts. This suggest that the three species could be valuable as biocontrol agents, but additional studies are necessary to better understand the advantages and limitations of each one as natural enemies of fruit fly pests

  • artificial selection on mating competitiveness of Anastrepha ludens for sterile insect technique application
    Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 2017
    Co-Authors: Mayren Sanchezrosario, Jorge Toledo, Javier Vallemora, Diana Perezstaples, Pablo Liedo
    Abstract:

    The sterile insect technique (SIT) has been applied successfully for the control of several fruit fly species of economic importance. In species with lek mating systems, as in the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae) – where the variance in male mating success is high, males have to compete with other males, and where wild females are highly selective – the success of SIT depends on the sexual competitiveness of mass-reared sterile males. However, mass-rearing conditions result in selection of sexual behavioral traits that differ from wild flies, reducing mating competitiveness of sterile flies and SIT efficiency. Artificial selection in mass-rearing colonies, based on male mating success, represents an alternative to improve the sexual performance of sterile males. Here, we evaluated the effect of selection of A. ludens mass-reared males based on their mating competitiveness. Two modes of selection were compared, one single selection event on parental flies, and continuous selection along four consecutive generations. For the offspring of each treatment in each generation, we evaluated male mating success, its association with post-copulatory behavior through female remating inhibition, and life-history traits that are key for mass-rearing, such as immature survival and reproduction. Field cage mating tests revealed that wild males were more competitive than mass-reared males (selected and unselected). Although no significant differences were found between mass-reared selected and non-selected males, in the fourth generation males from the selected colonies performed better than males from the non-selected colonies and their mating competitiveness was similar to that of wild males. No consistent differences were observed in mating latency, copulation duration, or ability to inhibit female remating. Survival and fecundity decreased with increasing rearing generations, except in the colony with continuous selection where fecundity and fertility increased.

  • female access and diet affect insemination success senescence and the cost of reproduction in male mexican fruit flies Anastrepha ludens
    Physiological Entomology, 2015
    Co-Authors: James F Harwood, Pablo Liedo, Hans-georg Müller, Janeling Wang, Kehui Chen, Amy Morice, James R. Carey
    Abstract:

    Hypotheses exploring the influence of dietary conditions on the life-history trade-off between survival and reproductive success are extensively tested in female insects but only rarely explored in males. The present study examines the impact of dietary quality and female access on age-specific reproduction and survival of the male Mexican fruit fly Anastrepha ludens Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae). There is a clear cost of female access for males with access to dietary protein, measurable as a decrease in life expectancy, which is further influenced by the age when females are introduced. A protein deficient diet reduces the lifespan benefit of virginity and masks the detrimental effect of female access on male life expectancy. Dietary protein is not necessary for reproductive success, although access to protein at eclosion improves the lifetime reproductive success of males compared to when it is delayed. Overall, reproductive success diminishes as the male flies age, regardless of the dietary conditions, providing evidence for reproductive senescence in males. Delaying the males' access to a protein source fails to influence the negative effect of age on reproductive ability. Because age-specific reproductive rates decline with age, regardless of diet, male fitness does not benefit from lifespan extension. Therefore, males can be expected to allocate available resources towards reproductive effort in favour of an extended lifespan, regardless of mate and protein availability.

  • superparasitism strategies by a native and an exotic parasitoid species attacking the mexican fruit fly Anastrepha ludens diptera tephritidae
    Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Amanda Ayala, Pablo Liedo, Ana Mabel Martinez, Isaac Figueroa, Samuel Pineda, Mario A Miranda, Pablo Montoya
    Abstract:

    Superparasitism refers to the action of parasitoids ovipositing eggs in hosts that are already parasitized; this inevitably results in the elimination of supernumerary larvae in solitary parasitoids. Here, we investigated superparasitism performed by two species of solitary parasitoids on the larvae of Anastrepha ludens (Loew; Diptera: Tephritidae): a native species, Doryctobracon crawfordi (Viereck; Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and an exotic species, Diachasmimorpha tryoni (Cameron; Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Tests were conducted under laboratory conditions evaluating the behaviour of females acting alone (self-superparasitism) or in groups (conspecific superparasitism). Parasitism strategies were different between these two species. In D. crawfordi, the number of first instar larvae found in each dissected host pupa was never greater than two, regardless of the number of oviposition scars observed per pupa. In contrast, there was a positive correlation between the number of oviposition scars and the number ...

Orozco Dávila Dina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Data from: Directional selection to improve the sterile insect technique (SIT): survival and sexual performance of desiccation resistant Anastrepha ludens strains
    2017
    Co-Authors: Tejeda, Marco Tulio, Orozco Dávila Dina, Quintero-fong Luis, Arredondo-gordillo José, Díaz-fleisher Francisco
    Abstract:

    The sterile insect technique (SIT) is an effective, environmentally friendly method for insect control whose success depends on the sexual performance and survival of sterile males. These two parameters are influenced by environmental conditions of target areas and, releasing insects with a higher tolerance to stressful environments can improve SIT efficiency. Directional selection can be used to produce insect strains with higher tolerance to extreme environmental conditions, such as low humidity, for extended periods. We evaluated, under field cage conditions, the sexual competitiveness, sexual compatibility and, survival of strains of Anastrepha ludens (Loew) selected for desiccation resistance to determine the value of directional selection as a possible approach to enhance sterile insect technique efficiency. Fly strains (selected and unselected and those mass-reared) were exposed to stressful conditions of low humidity and food and water deprivation for 24 hours before test. As a control, mild conditions without the stressors were used. No differences in sexual competitiveness and sexual compatibility between selected, non-selected, and mass-reared strains were observed when previously exposed to mild conditions. Thus, selection for desiccation resistance does not modified negatively the sexual performance. However, when insects were exposed to stressful conditions, males of selected strains sexually outperform mass reared males. Additionally, selected strains presented higher survival than mass reared flies. The approach to integrate directional selection with other technologies in the sterile insect technique as well as the implications of using a desiccation selected strain in the current pest management program are discussed

  • Base Compatibilidad
    2017
    Co-Authors: Tejeda, Marco Tulio, Orozco Dávila Dina, Quintero-fong Luis, Arredondo-gordillo José, Díaz-fleisher Francisco
    Abstract:

    Data of field cages evaluations to determine compatibility between Anastrepha ludens strain

  • Eficiencia de levaduras para la cría masiva de Anastrepha ludens, a. obliqua y Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)
    'Instituto de Ecologia A.C.', 2016
    Co-Authors: Hernández Emilio, Rivera Pedro, Aceituno-medina Marysol, Aguilar-laparra Reynaldo, Quintero-fong Luis, Orozco Dávila Dina
    Abstract:

    La levadura inactiva en polvo es el único ingrediente disponible como fuente de proteína, en las dietas larvarias para la cría masiva de todas las especies de moscas de la fruta, proporcionando una proteína de alto valor biológico, vitaminas del complejo B, carbohidratos y grasas esenciales. Además, es el ingrediente con mayor costo, por lo cual se buscan continuamente alternativas de bajo costo. Desde el establecimiento de la cría masiva de A. ludens en 1994 y de A. obliqua en 1997 en la Planta de Metapa (México), se ha utilizado levadura tipo torula de una sola marca comercial, lo cual genera una  dependencia. Las levaduras secas inactivas existentes en el mercado, de acuerdo con su composición tienen potencial para ser utilizadas en la preparación de dietas para la producción masiva de moscas de la fruta. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si los parámetros fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos que describen la composición de las levaduras permiten evaluar su eficiencia, mediante el establecimiento de un bioensayo a nivel experimental y semi-masivo para la preparación de dietas para la cría de larvas de moscas de la fruta. Se evaluaron seis levaduras comerciales para la cría y desarrollo de larvas de Anastrepha ludens, A. obliqua y Ceratitis capitata cepa Vienna 8 TSL sin inversión cromosómica, en las Plantas Moscafrut y Moscamed (SAGARPA-IICA) ubicadas en Metapa de Domínguez, Chiapas, México. Estas levaduras fueron seleccionadas con base en tres etapas: 1) Caracterización fisicoquímica y microbiológica de las levaduras. La caracterización fisicoquímica consistió en la determinación del contenido de humedad, pH, acidez, solubilidad, densidad y contenido de proteína, mientras que la caracterización microbiológica consistió en determinar el contenido total de hongos, levaduras y coliformes. 2) Bioensayo a nivel experimental: se realizó inicialmente con las seis marcas comerciales evaluando el rendimiento y calidad de moscas producidas; y 3) Evaluación a nivel semi-masivo: De acuerdo con los parámetros de rendimiento se redujeron a solo tres marcas para las pruebas a nivel semi-masivo; Lake States, Lallemand LBI2163b y Nutribio para A. ludens y A. obliqua, mientras que para C. capitata fueron utilizadas Lake States, Lallemand LBI2163b y extracto de levadura Nupro. Previo a esta evaluación, se determinó el contenido de vitaminas y de aminoácidos a las tres marcas finalistas. Los resultados indicaron que los parámetros microbiológicos y fisicoquímicos, incluyendo, la composición de aminoácidos, minerales y vitaminas de las levaduras, no permiten determinar la eficiencia de las levaduras para la cría masiva de Anastrepha ludens, A. obliqua y C. capitata. No obstante, las levaduras Nutribio y Lallemand LB12163b son una alternativa para la cría masiva de moscas de A. ludens y A. obliqua, respectivamente. Se sugiere que la evaluación de levaduras en la dieta larvaria requiere de un bioensayo a nivel experimental que incluya como variable respuesta la competencia sexual.  La levadura inactiva en polvo es el único ingrediente disponible como fuente de proteína, en las dietas larvarias para la cría masiva de todas las especies de moscas de la fruta, proporcionando una proteína de alto valor biológico, vitaminas del complejo B, carbohidratos y grasas esenciales. Además, es el ingrediente con mayor costo, por lo cual se buscan continuamente alternativas de bajo costo. Desde el establecimiento de la cría masiva de A. ludens en 1994 y de A. obliqua en 1997 en la Planta de Metapa (México), se ha utilizado levadura tipo torula de una sola marca comercial, lo cual genera una  dependencia. Las levaduras secas inactivas existentes en el mercado, de acuerdo con su composición tienen potencial para ser utilizadas en la preparación de dietas para la producción masiva de moscas de la fruta. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si los parámetros fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos que describen la composición de las levaduras permiten evaluar su eficiencia, mediante el establecimiento de un bioensayo a nivel experimental y semi-masivo para la preparación de dietas para la cría de larvas de moscas de la fruta. Se evaluaron seis levaduras comerciales para la cría y desarrollo de larvas de Anastrepha ludens, A. obliqua y Ceratitis capitata cepa Vienna 8 TSL sin inversión cromosómica, en las Plantas Moscafrut y Moscamed (SAGARPA-IICA) ubicadas en Metapa de Domínguez, Chiapas, México. Estas levaduras fueron seleccionadas con base en tres etapas: 1) Caracterización fisicoquímica y microbiológica de las levaduras. La caracterización fisicoquímica consistió en la determinación del contenido de humedad, pH, acidez, solubilidad, densidad y contenido de proteína, mientras que la caracterización microbiológica consistió en determinar el contenido total de hongos, levaduras y coliformes. 2) Bioensayo a nivel experimental: se realizó inicialmente con las seis marcas comerciales evaluando el rendimiento y calidad de moscas producidas; y 3) Evaluación a nivel semi-masivo: De acuerdo con los parámetros de rendimiento se redujeron a solo tres marcas para las pruebas a nivel semi-masivo; Lake States, Lallemand LBI2163b y Nutribio para A. ludens y A. obliqua, mientras que para C. capitata fueron utilizadas Lake States, Lallemand LBI2163b y extracto de levadura Nupro. Previo a esta evaluación, se determinó el contenido de vitaminas y de aminoácidos a las tres marcas finalistas. Los resultados indicaron que los parámetros microbiológicos y fisicoquímicos, incluyendo, la composición de aminoácidos, minerales y vitaminas de las levaduras, no permiten determinar la eficiencia de las levaduras para la cría masiva de Anastrepha ludens, A. obliqua y C. capitata. No obstante, las levaduras Nutribio y Lallemand LB12163b son una alternativa para la cría masiva de moscas de A. ludens y A. obliqua, respectivamente. Se sugiere que la evaluación de levaduras en la dieta larvaria requiere de un bioensayo a nivel experimental que incluya como variable respuesta la competencia sexual.

  • Eficiencia de levaduras para la cría masiva de Anastrepha ludens, a. obliqua y Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)
    'Instituto de Ecologia A.C.', 2016
    Co-Authors: Hernández Emilio, Rivera Pedro, Aceituno-medina Marysol, Aguilar-laparra Reynaldo, Quintero-fong Luis, Orozco Dávila Dina
    Abstract:

    La levadura inactiva en polvo es el único ingrediente disponible como fuente de proteína, en las dietas larvarias para la cría masiva de todas las especies de moscas de la fruta, proporcionando una proteína de alto valor biológico, vitaminas del complejo B, carbohidratos y grasas esenciales. Además, es el ingrediente con mayor costo, por lo cual se buscan continuamente alternativas de bajo costo. Desde el establecimiento de la cría masiva de A. ludens en 1994 y de A. obliqua en 1997 en la Planta de Metapa (México), se ha utilizado levadura tipo torula de una sola marca comercial, lo cual genera una  dependencia. Las levaduras secas inactivas existentes en el mercado, de acuerdo con su composición tienen potencial para ser utilizadas en la preparación de dietas para la producción masiva de moscas de la fruta. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si los parámetros fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos que describen la composición de las levaduras permiten evaluar su eficiencia, mediante el establecimiento de un bioensayo a nivel experimental y semi-masivo para la preparación de dietas para la cría de larvas de moscas de la fruta. Se evaluaron seis levaduras comerciales para la cría y desarrollo de larvas de Anastrepha ludens, A. obliqua y Ceratitis capitata cepa Vienna 8 TSL sin inversión cromosómica, en las Plantas Moscafrut y Moscamed (SAGARPA-IICA) ubicadas en Metapa de Domínguez, Chiapas, México. Estas levaduras fueron seleccionadas con base en tres etapas: 1) Caracterización fisicoquímica y microbiológica de las levaduras. La caracterización fisicoquímica consistió en la determinación del contenido de humedad, pH, acidez, solubilidad, densidad y contenido de proteína, mientras que la caracterización microbiológica consistió en determinar el contenido total de hongos, levaduras y coliformes. 2) Bioensayo a nivel experimental: se realizó inicialmente con las seis marcas comerciales evaluando el rendimiento y calidad de moscas producidas; y 3) Evaluación a nivel semi-masivo: De acuerdo con los parámetros de rendimiento se redujeron a solo tres marcas para las pruebas a nivel semi-masivo; Lake States, Lallemand LBI2163b y Nutribio para A. ludens y A. obliqua, mientras que para C. capitata fueron utilizadas Lake States, Lallemand LBI2163b y extracto de levadura Nupro. Previo a esta evaluación, se determinó el contenido de vitaminas y de aminoácidos a las tres marcas finalistas. Los resultados indicaron que los parámetros microbiológicos y fisicoquímicos, incluyendo, la composición de aminoácidos, minerales y vitaminas de las levaduras, no permiten determinar la eficiencia de las levaduras para la cría masiva de Anastrepha ludens, A. obliqua y C. capitata. No obstante, las levaduras Nutribio y Lallemand LB12163b son una alternativa para la cría masiva de moscas de A. ludens y A. obliqua, respectivamente. Se sugiere que la evaluación de levaduras en la dieta larvaria requiere de un bioensayo a nivel experimental que incluya como variable respuesta la competencia sexual.

  • RESPUESTA VISUAL DEL MUTANTE OJOS AMARILLOS DE Anastrepha ludens (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) A ESFERAS DE COLORES
    'Instituto de Ecologia A.C.', 2013
    Co-Authors: Quintero Fong, José Luis, Orozco Dávila Dina, Meza Hernández, José Salvador
    Abstract:

    The Mexican fruit fly Anastrepha ludens (Loew), is an economically important pest of citrus and mango crops in Mexico. Sexual behavior studies on mutant strains can help in the selection of insects with potential for release in field. In this study we evaluated the visual response of the mutant yellow eyes of A. ludens by color choice experiments to determine possible visual impairments. Laboratory tests were performed using spheres colored of green, orange and white, the mutant strain compared with breeding wild flies were used as control. The results indicated that flies coming from the mutant strain did not have a preference in color choice, showing possible visual impairments.La mosca mexicana de la fruta, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) es una plaga de importancia económica en cultivos de cítricos y mango en México. Estudios del comportamiento sexual en cepas mutantes pueden contribuir en la selección de insectos con potencial para liberación en campo. En este estudio se evaluó la respuesta visual del mutante ojos amarillos de A. ludens mediante experimentos de elección de color para determinar posibles deficiencias visuales. Las pruebas de laboratorio se realizaron utilizando esferas de color verde, naranja y blanco, comparando la cepa mutante con moscas de cría del tipo silvestre utilizadas como testigo. Los resultados indicaron que las moscas mutantes no presentan discriminación en la elección del color, evidenciando posibles deficiencias visuales