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Aphanomyces Invadans
The Experts below are selected from a list of 369 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jesu Arockiaraj – 1st expert on this subject based on the ideXlab platform
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A comparative transcriptome approach for identification of molecular changes in Aphanomyces Invadans infected Channa striatus
Molecular Biology Reports, 2018Co-Authors: Vellaisamy Kumaresan, Mariadhas Valan Arasu, Naif Abdullah Al-dhabi, Mukesh Pasupuleti, Aziz Arshad, S. M. Nurul Amin, Fatimah Md. Yusoff, Jesu ArockiarajAbstract:Snakehead murrel, Channa striatus is an economically important aquatic species in Asia and are widely cultured and captured because of its nutritious and medicinal values. Their growth is predominantly affected by epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) which is primarily caused by an oomycete fungus, Aphanomyces Invadans . However, the molecular mechanism of immune response in murrel against this infection is still not clear. In this study, transcriptome technique was used to understand the molecular changes involved in C. striatus during A. Invadans infection. RNA from the control (CF) and infected fish (IF) groups were sequenced using Illumina Hi-seq sequencing technology. For control group, 28,952,608 clean reads were generated and de novo assembly was performed to produce 60,753 contigs. For fungus infected group, 25,470,920 clean reads were obtained and assembled to produce 58,654 contigs. Differential gene expression analysis revealed that a total of 146 genes were up-regulated and 486 genes were down regulated. Most of the differentially expressed genes were involved in innate immune mechanism such as pathogen recognition, signalling and antimicrobial mechanisms. Interestingly, few adaptive immune genes, especially immunoglobulins were also significantly up regulated during fungal infection. Also, the results were validated by qRT-PCR analysis. These results indicated the involvement of various immune genes involved in both innate and adaptive immune mechanism during fungal infection in C. striatus which provide new insights into murrel immune mechanisms against A. Invadans .
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A mini review on immune role of chemokines and its receptors in snakehead murrel Channa striatus
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2017Co-Authors: Prasanth Bhatt, Vellaisamy Kumaresan, Aziz Arshad, S. M. Nurul Amin, Fatimah Md. Yusoff, Rajesh Palanisamy, Gayathri Ravichandran, Kanchana Mala, Jesu ArockiarajAbstract:Abstract Chemokines are ubiquitous cytokine molecules involved in migration of cells during inflammation and normal physiological processes. Though the study on chemokines in mammalian species like humans have been extensively studied, characterization of chemokines in teleost fishes is still in the early stage. The present review provides an overview of chemokines and its receptors in a teleost fish, Channa striatus. C. striatus is an air breathing freshwater carnivore, which has enormous economic importance. This species is affected by an oomycete fungus, Aphanomyces Invadans and a Gram negative bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila is known to cause secondary infection. These pathogens impose immune changes in the host organism, which in turn mounts several immune responses. Of these, the role of cytokines in the immune response is immense, due to their involvement in several activities of inflammation such as cell trafficking to the site of inflammation and antigen presentation. Given that importance, chemokines in fishes do have significant role in the immunological and other physiological functions of the organism, hence there is a need to understand the characteristics, activities and performace of these small molecules in details.
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Bactericidal activity of fish galectin 4 derived membrane-binding peptide tagged with oligotryptophan
Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 2017Co-Authors: Abirami Arasu, Vellaisamy Kumaresan, Munuswamy Ramanujam Ganesh, Mariadhas Valan Arasu, Naif Abdullah Al-dhabi, Mukesh Pasupuleti, Jesu ArockiarajAbstract:Abstract Galectins belong to the family of galactoside-binding proteins which act as pathogen recognition receptors by recognizing and binding to the carbohydrate present in the bacterial membranes. In this study, a Galectin-4 sequence was identified from the constructed cDNA library of Channa striatus and its structural features were reported. Gene expression analysis revealed that CsGal4 was highly expressed in liver and strongly induced by Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS) causing pathogens such as Aphanomyces Invadans, Aeromonas hydrophila and a viral analogue, poly I:C. To understand the antimicrobial role of putative dimerization site of CsGal4, the region was chemically synthesized and its bactericidal effect was determined. G4 peptide exhibited a weak bactericidal activity against Vibrio harveyi, an important aquaculture pathogen. We have also determined the bactericidal activity of the dimerization site by tagging pentamer oligotryptophan (W5) at the C-terminal of G4 peptide. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that G4W induced drastic reduction in cell counts than G4. Electron microscopic images showed membrane blebbings in V. harveyi which indicated the membrane disrupting activity of G4W. Interestingly, both the peptides did not exhibit any hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity towards peripheral blood cells of Channa striatus and the activity was specific only towards the bacterial membrane. Our results suggested that addition of W5 at the C-terminal of membrane-binding peptide remarkably improved its membrane disrupting activity.
Vellaisamy Kumaresan – 2nd expert on this subject based on the ideXlab platform
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Therapeutic Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide (CAP) Derived from Fish Aspartic Proteinase Cathepsin D and its Antimicrobial Mechanism
International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics, 2019Co-Authors: Akila Sathyamoorthi, Vellaisamy Kumaresan, Mariadhas Valan Arasu, Naif Abdullah Al-dhabi, Mukesh Pasupuleti, Kasi Marimuthu, Aziz Arshad, S. M. Nurul Amin, Rajesh Palanisamy, Fatimah Md. YusoffAbstract:Aquatic organisms are rich in antimicrobial peptides which play key role against pathogens during infections. Cathepsin is one of immune proteases which have been proven with multiple functions including antimicrobial activity, but their role as antimicrobial peptides has not been elucidated so far in aquatic organisms. This study reports the identification and characterization of antimicrobial peptides from fish cathepsin D. Channa striatus ( Cs ) cathepsin D (Cath D) was identified from its established cDNA library. Multiple sequence alignment was performed to analyze the homology of Cs CathD with other cathepsin. Based on the amino acid propensity scale, two putative antimicrobial regions were identified, synthesized and analyzed for their antimicrobial potency. Gene expression of Cs Cath D and its mRNA pattern upon pathogenic infection was also observed using real time PCR. All the bioinformatics analysis indicated the gene specific characteristic features of Cs Cath D. Cs CathD mRNA expression was highly expressed at 24 h for bacteria ( Aeromonas hydrophila ) and 48 h for fungus ( Aphanomyces Invadans ). The Cs Cath D derived CAPs namely, PL12 and NM12 showed their commendable inhibition towards Bacillus mycoides of the tested bacteria. The cell membrane disruption was observed with PL12 against B. mycoides in flow cytometer. With all proceedings, it is possible to conclude that Cs CathD might be a potent immuno modulator and the reported CAPs could be developed as therapeutic agents to treat bacterial pathogenic infections.
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A comparative transcriptome approach for identification of molecular changes in Aphanomyces Invadans infected Channa striatus
Molecular Biology Reports, 2018Co-Authors: Vellaisamy Kumaresan, Mariadhas Valan Arasu, Naif Abdullah Al-dhabi, Mukesh Pasupuleti, Aziz Arshad, S. M. Nurul Amin, Fatimah Md. Yusoff, Jesu ArockiarajAbstract:Snakehead murrel, Channa striatus is an economically important aquatic species in Asia and are widely cultured and captured because of its nutritious and medicinal values. Their growth is predominantly affected by epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) which is primarily caused by an oomycete fungus, Aphanomyces Invadans . However, the molecular mechanism of immune response in murrel against this infection is still not clear. In this study, transcriptome technique was used to understand the molecular changes involved in C. striatus during A. Invadans infection. RNA from the control (CF) and infected fish (IF) groups were sequenced using Illumina Hi-seq sequencing technology. For control group, 28,952,608 clean reads were generated and de novo assembly was performed to produce 60,753 contigs. For fungus infected group, 25,470,920 clean reads were obtained and assembled to produce 58,654 contigs. Differential gene expression analysis revealed that a total of 146 genes were up-regulated and 486 genes were down regulated. Most of the differentially expressed genes were involved in innate immune mechanism such as pathogen recognition, signalling and antimicrobial mechanisms. Interestingly, few adaptive immune genes, especially immunoglobulins were also significantly up regulated during fungal infection. Also, the results were validated by qRT-PCR analysis. These results indicated the involvement of various immune genes involved in both innate and adaptive immune mechanism during fungal infection in C. striatus which provide new insights into murrel immune mechanisms against A. Invadans .
-
A mini review on immune role of chemokines and its receptors in snakehead murrel Channa striatus
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2017Co-Authors: Prasanth Bhatt, Vellaisamy Kumaresan, Aziz Arshad, S. M. Nurul Amin, Fatimah Md. Yusoff, Rajesh Palanisamy, Gayathri Ravichandran, Kanchana Mala, Jesu ArockiarajAbstract:Abstract Chemokines are ubiquitous cytokine molecules involved in migration of cells during inflammation and normal physiological processes. Though the study on chemokines in mammalian species like humans have been extensively studied, characterization of chemokines in teleost fishes is still in the early stage. The present review provides an overview of chemokines and its receptors in a teleost fish, Channa striatus. C. striatus is an air breathing freshwater carnivore, which has enormous economic importance. This species is affected by an oomycete fungus, Aphanomyces Invadans and a Gram negative bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila is known to cause secondary infection. These pathogens impose immune changes in the host organism, which in turn mounts several immune responses. Of these, the role of cytokines in the immune response is immense, due to their involvement in several activities of inflammation such as cell trafficking to the site of inflammation and antigen presentation. Given that importance, chemokines in fishes do have significant role in the immunological and other physiological functions of the organism, hence there is a need to understand the characteristics, activities and performace of these small molecules in details.
Mukesh Pasupuleti – 3rd expert on this subject based on the ideXlab platform
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Therapeutic Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide (CAP) Derived from Fish Aspartic Proteinase Cathepsin D and its Antimicrobial Mechanism
International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics, 2019Co-Authors: Akila Sathyamoorthi, Vellaisamy Kumaresan, Mariadhas Valan Arasu, Naif Abdullah Al-dhabi, Mukesh Pasupuleti, Kasi Marimuthu, Aziz Arshad, S. M. Nurul Amin, Rajesh Palanisamy, Fatimah Md. YusoffAbstract:Aquatic organisms are rich in antimicrobial peptides which play key role against pathogens during infections. Cathepsin is one of immune proteases which have been proven with multiple functions including antimicrobial activity, but their role as antimicrobial peptides has not been elucidated so far in aquatic organisms. This study reports the identification and characterization of antimicrobial peptides from fish cathepsin D. Channa striatus ( Cs ) cathepsin D (Cath D) was identified from its established cDNA library. Multiple sequence alignment was performed to analyze the homology of Cs CathD with other cathepsin. Based on the amino acid propensity scale, two putative antimicrobial regions were identified, synthesized and analyzed for their antimicrobial potency. Gene expression of Cs Cath D and its mRNA pattern upon pathogenic infection was also observed using real time PCR. All the bioinformatics analysis indicated the gene specific characteristic features of Cs Cath D. Cs CathD mRNA expression was highly expressed at 24 h for bacteria ( Aeromonas hydrophila ) and 48 h for fungus ( Aphanomyces Invadans ). The Cs Cath D derived CAPs namely, PL12 and NM12 showed their commendable inhibition towards Bacillus mycoides of the tested bacteria. The cell membrane disruption was observed with PL12 against B. mycoides in flow cytometer. With all proceedings, it is possible to conclude that Cs CathD might be a potent immuno modulator and the reported CAPs could be developed as therapeutic agents to treat bacterial pathogenic infections.
-
A comparative transcriptome approach for identification of molecular changes in Aphanomyces Invadans infected Channa striatus
Molecular Biology Reports, 2018Co-Authors: Vellaisamy Kumaresan, Mariadhas Valan Arasu, Naif Abdullah Al-dhabi, Mukesh Pasupuleti, Aziz Arshad, S. M. Nurul Amin, Fatimah Md. Yusoff, Jesu ArockiarajAbstract:Snakehead murrel, Channa striatus is an economically important aquatic species in Asia and are widely cultured and captured because of its nutritious and medicinal values. Their growth is predominantly affected by epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) which is primarily caused by an oomycete fungus, Aphanomyces Invadans . However, the molecular mechanism of immune response in murrel against this infection is still not clear. In this study, transcriptome technique was used to understand the molecular changes involved in C. striatus during A. Invadans infection. RNA from the control (CF) and infected fish (IF) groups were sequenced using Illumina Hi-seq sequencing technology. For control group, 28,952,608 clean reads were generated and de novo assembly was performed to produce 60,753 contigs. For fungus infected group, 25,470,920 clean reads were obtained and assembled to produce 58,654 contigs. Differential gene expression analysis revealed that a total of 146 genes were up-regulated and 486 genes were down regulated. Most of the differentially expressed genes were involved in innate immune mechanism such as pathogen recognition, signalling and antimicrobial mechanisms. Interestingly, few adaptive immune genes, especially immunoglobulins were also significantly up regulated during fungal infection. Also, the results were validated by qRT-PCR analysis. These results indicated the involvement of various immune genes involved in both innate and adaptive immune mechanism during fungal infection in C. striatus which provide new insights into murrel immune mechanisms against A. Invadans .
-
Bactericidal activity of fish galectin 4 derived membrane-binding peptide tagged with oligotryptophan
Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 2017Co-Authors: Abirami Arasu, Vellaisamy Kumaresan, Munuswamy Ramanujam Ganesh, Mariadhas Valan Arasu, Naif Abdullah Al-dhabi, Mukesh Pasupuleti, Jesu ArockiarajAbstract:Abstract Galectins belong to the family of galactoside-binding proteins which act as pathogen recognition receptors by recognizing and binding to the carbohydrate present in the bacterial membranes. In this study, a Galectin-4 sequence was identified from the constructed cDNA library of Channa striatus and its structural features were reported. Gene expression analysis revealed that CsGal4 was highly expressed in liver and strongly induced by Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS) causing pathogens such as Aphanomyces Invadans, Aeromonas hydrophila and a viral analogue, poly I:C. To understand the antimicrobial role of putative dimerization site of CsGal4, the region was chemically synthesized and its bactericidal effect was determined. G4 peptide exhibited a weak bactericidal activity against Vibrio harveyi, an important aquaculture pathogen. We have also determined the bactericidal activity of the dimerization site by tagging pentamer oligotryptophan (W5) at the C-terminal of G4 peptide. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that G4W induced drastic reduction in cell counts than G4. Electron microscopic images showed membrane blebbings in V. harveyi which indicated the membrane disrupting activity of G4W. Interestingly, both the peptides did not exhibit any hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity towards peripheral blood cells of Channa striatus and the activity was specific only towards the bacterial membrane. Our results suggested that addition of W5 at the C-terminal of membrane-binding peptide remarkably improved its membrane disrupting activity.