The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Susan Michie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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enabling countries to apply Behavioural Science in using global survey data to inform their covid 19 policies
Qeios, 2021Co-Authors: Elizabeth Corker, Elena Altieri, Susan MichieAbstract:The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the vital importance and impact of human behaviour on viral transmission. During 2020, large amounts of global survey data were collected and made freely available to help the response. Many teams responding to the pandemic lack capacity to identify and interpret Behavioural data. A collaboration of the World Health Organization’s Behavioural Insights team and UCL’s Centre for Behaviour Change designed and piloted two templates to enable survey data use during the first months of the pandemic. The first template documents key behaviours, thoughts and emotions related to the pandemic, along with social interactions and population adherence to Behavioural guidelines. The second template enables countries to formulate questions or issues that they would like Behavioural data to address. This collaborative process applying Behavioural Science theory produced structured templates to enable organisation and interpretation of survey data to inform policy and practice in different country contexts.
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harnessing Behavioural Science in public health campaigns to maintain social distancing in response to the covid 19 pandemic key principles
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2020Co-Authors: Chris Bonell, Susan Michie, Stephen Reicher, Robert West, Laura Bear, Lucy Yardley, Val Curtis, Richard Amlot, James G RubinAbstract:Coronovirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), like Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), is an infection arising from a coronavirus. The COVID-19 pandemic is unprecedented in recent times in terms of the global spread of infection and the resultant morbidity, mortality and burden on health systems.1 2 In the absence of a vaccine, reducing transmission of the COVID-19 virus requires rapid and extensive behaviour change to enact protective behaviours3 and ‘social distancing’ across whole populations. Although ‘social distancing’ is the current most used term, it actually refers to maintaining physical separation by reducing the number of times people come into close contact with each other across whole populations.4 Social distancing applies regardless of infection status and is thus distinctive from quarantine or the isolation of those with suspected or diagnosed infection, which is also an important element of infection control.5 6 Governments across the world are implementing a diverse range of interventions to promote adherence to social distancing measures, which include elements of education, persuasion, incentivisation, coercion, environmental restructuring, restriction and enablement.7 8 Interventions have been developed rapidly and could not be informed directly by evidence, given the novelty of the virus and rapid spread of the pandemic.9 Despite this lack of direct evidence, a body of Behavioural Science exists which can usefully inform the current interventions and promote adherence to these restrictive measures. This body of Science has been developed through the study of other infections (including other coronaviruses such as MERS and SARS), other areas of health and other areas of behaviour. This body of Science suggests a number of principles which could ensure that interventions are more likely to achieve their intended outcomes and less likely to generate unintended harmful consequences. As a group of Behavioural and social …
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behaviour change theory and evidence a presentation to government
Health Psychology Review, 2013Co-Authors: Susan MichieAbstract:Abstract This review presents a case study of Government policy in relation to behaviour change and suggests ways of strengthening it by drawing on theoretical and empirical approaches from health psychology. It aims to inform policy-makers and politicians about the value of Behavioural Science, and to provide psychologists with an example of engagement with Government. It is based on two Health Psychology submissions to the 2010 UK House of Lords' Science and Technology Select Committee inquiry into Behaviour Change. The Inquiry examined current knowledge about what interventions can effectively influence behaviour, how behaviour change interventions can be used to achieve policy goals and what factors should be taken into account by government in determining whether a particular behaviour change intervention is appropriate. The review critiques current UK Government thinking about behaviour change and presents a number of linked frameworks for determining which behaviour change interventions and policie...
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changing eating behaviour what can we learn from Behavioural Science
Nutrition Bulletin, 2013Co-Authors: Louise Atkins, Susan MichieAbstract:Designing effective behaviour change interventions is key to promoting healthy eating. This paper takes a theoretical perspective to consider why people do not behave in ways that promote health and summarises evidence-based principles and strategies for behaviour change. We present a theoretically driven, comprehensive method for intervention design using several tools recently developed in Behavioural Science.
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classification systems in Behavioural Science current systems and lessons from the natural medical and social Sciences
Health Psychology Review, 2012Co-Authors: Zoe Stavri, Susan MichieAbstract:Abstract Background: Specifying individual behaviour change techniques (BCTs) is crucial for better development and evaluation of behaviour change interventions. Classification of BCTs will help this process and can be informed by classification systems in the natural, medical and social Sciences. Method: A search of the classification literature in the natural, medical and social Sciences produced a framework within which to consider a systematic search of classification systems of BCTs in the behaviour change literature. Results: Six distinct types of classification system from other scientific disciplines were identified: nomenclatures, ordered sets, hierarchical, matrices, faceted and social categorisations. Eight classification systems of BCTs were identified, none of which had a formal, hierarchical structure. Most were developed for specific behaviours, although one was general. Discussion: Developing a hierarchical structure, similar to those used in other scientific disciplines, would enable bett...
Eleanor R. Bull - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an organisational participatory research study of the feasibility of the behaviour change wheel to support clinical teams implementing new models of care
BMC Health Services Research, 2019Co-Authors: Eleanor R. Bull, Joanne Hart, Juliette Swift, Kirstie Baxter, Neil Mclauchlan, Sophia Joseph, Lucie ByrnedavisAbstract:Health and social care organisations globally are moving towards prevention-focussed community-based, integrated care. The success of this depends on professionals changing practice behaviours. This study explored the feasibility of applying a Behavioural Science approach to help staff teams from health organisations overcome psychological barriers to change and implement new models of care. An Organisational Participatory Research study was conducted with health organisations from North West England, health psychologists and health workforce education commissioners. The Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) was applied with teams of professionals seeking help to overcome barriers to practice change. A mixed-methods data collection strategy was planned, including qualitative stakeholder interview and focus groups to explore feasibility factors and quantitative pre-post questionnaires and audits measuring team practice and psychological change barriers. Qualitative data were analysed with thematic analysis; pre-post quantitative data were limited and thus analysed descriptively. Four clinical teams from paediatrics, midwifery, heart failure and older adult mental health specialties in four organisations enrolled, seeking help to move care to the community, deliver preventative healthcare tasks, or become more integrated. Eighty-one managers, medical doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, midwives and other professionals contributed data. Three teams successfully designed a BCW intervention; two implemented and evaluated this. Five feasibility themes emerged from the thematic analysis of qualitative data. Optimising the BCW in an organisational change context meant 1) qualitative over quantitative data collection, 2) making Behavioural Science attractive, 3) co-development and a Behavioural focus, 4) effective ongoing communication and 5) support from engaged leaders. Pre-post quantitative data collected suggested some positive changes in staff practice behaviours and psychological determinants following the intervention. Behavioural Science approaches such as the BCW can be optimised to support teams within health and social care organisations implementing complex new models of care. The efficacy of this approach should now be trialled.
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Developing nurse medication safety training in a health partnership in Mozambique using Behavioural Science.
Globalization and health, 2017Co-Authors: Eleanor R. Bull, Corina Mason, Fonseca Domingos Junior, Luana Vendramel Santos, Abigail Scott, Debo Ademokun, Zeferina Simião, Wingi Manzungu Oliver, Fernando Francisco Joaquim, Sarah M. CavanaghAbstract:Globally, safe and effective medication administration relies on nurses being able to apply strong drug calculation skills in their real-life practice, in the face of stressors and distractions. These may be especially prevalent for nurses in low-income countries such as Mozambique and Continuing Professional Development post-registration may be important. This study aimed to 1) explore the initial impact of an international health partnership’s work to develop a drug calculation workshop for nurses in Beira, Mozambique and 2) reflect upon the role of health psychologists in helping educators apply Behavioural Science to the training content and evaluation. In phase one, partners developed a training package, which was delivered to 87 Portuguese-speaking nurses. The partnership’s health psychologists coded the training’s behaviour change content and recommended enhancements to content and delivery. In phase two, the refined training, including an educational game, was delivered to 36 nurses in Mozambique and recoded by the health psychologists. Measures of participant confidence and intentions to make changes to healthcare practice were collected, as well as qualitative data through post-training questions and 12 short follow-up participant interviews. In phase one six BCTs were used during the didactic presentation. Most techniques targeted participants’ capability to calculate drug doses accurately; recommendations aimed to increase participants’ motivation and perceived opportunity, two other drivers of practice change. Phase two training included an extra seven BCTs, such as action planning and further skills practice. Participants reported high confidence before and after the training (p = 0.25); intentions to use calculators to check drug calculations significantly increased (p = 0.031). Qualitative data suggested the training was acceptable, enjoyable and led to practice changes, through improved capability, opportunity and motivation. Opportunity barriers to medication safety were highlighted. Reporting and measuring medication errors and related outcomes is a complex challenge affecting global efforts to improve medication safety. Through strong partnership working, a multi-disciplinary team of health professionals including health psychologists developed, refined and begin to evaluate a locally-led drug calculation CPD workshop for nurses in a low-resource setting. Applying Behavioural Science helped to collect feasible evaluation data and hopefully improved impact and sustainability.
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How Behavioural Science can contribute to health partnerships : the case of The Change Exchange
Globalization and health, 2017Co-Authors: Lucie Byrne-davis, Eleanor R. Bull, Amy Burton, Nimarta Dharni, Fiona Gillison, Wendy Maltinsky, Corina Mason, Nisha Sharma, Christopher J. Armitage, Marie JohnstonAbstract:Health partnerships often use health professional training to change practice with the aim of improving quality of care. Interventions to change practice can learn from Behavioural Science and focus not only on improving the competence and capability of health professionals but also their opportunity and motivation to make changes in practice. We describe a project that used Behavioural scientist volunteers to enable health partnerships to understand and use the theories, techniques and assessments of Behavioural Science. This paper outlines how The Change Exchange, a collective of volunteer Behavioural scientists, worked with health partnerships to strengthen their projects by translating Behavioural Science in situ. We describe three case studies in which Behavioural scientists, embedded in health partnerships in Uganda, Sierra Leone and Mozambique, explored the behaviour change techniques used by educators, supported knowledge and skill development in behaviour change, monitored the impact of projects on psychological determinants of behaviour and made recommendations for future project developments. Challenges in the work included having time and space for Behavioural Science in already very busy health partnership schedules and the difficulties in using certain methods in other cultures. Future work could explore other modes of translation and further develop methods to make them more culturally applicable. Behavioural scientists could translate Behavioural Science which was understood and used by the health partnerships to strengthen their project work.
Corina Mason - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Developing nurse medication safety training in a health partnership in Mozambique using Behavioural Science.
Globalization and health, 2017Co-Authors: Eleanor R. Bull, Corina Mason, Fonseca Domingos Junior, Luana Vendramel Santos, Abigail Scott, Debo Ademokun, Zeferina Simião, Wingi Manzungu Oliver, Fernando Francisco Joaquim, Sarah M. CavanaghAbstract:Globally, safe and effective medication administration relies on nurses being able to apply strong drug calculation skills in their real-life practice, in the face of stressors and distractions. These may be especially prevalent for nurses in low-income countries such as Mozambique and Continuing Professional Development post-registration may be important. This study aimed to 1) explore the initial impact of an international health partnership’s work to develop a drug calculation workshop for nurses in Beira, Mozambique and 2) reflect upon the role of health psychologists in helping educators apply Behavioural Science to the training content and evaluation. In phase one, partners developed a training package, which was delivered to 87 Portuguese-speaking nurses. The partnership’s health psychologists coded the training’s behaviour change content and recommended enhancements to content and delivery. In phase two, the refined training, including an educational game, was delivered to 36 nurses in Mozambique and recoded by the health psychologists. Measures of participant confidence and intentions to make changes to healthcare practice were collected, as well as qualitative data through post-training questions and 12 short follow-up participant interviews. In phase one six BCTs were used during the didactic presentation. Most techniques targeted participants’ capability to calculate drug doses accurately; recommendations aimed to increase participants’ motivation and perceived opportunity, two other drivers of practice change. Phase two training included an extra seven BCTs, such as action planning and further skills practice. Participants reported high confidence before and after the training (p = 0.25); intentions to use calculators to check drug calculations significantly increased (p = 0.031). Qualitative data suggested the training was acceptable, enjoyable and led to practice changes, through improved capability, opportunity and motivation. Opportunity barriers to medication safety were highlighted. Reporting and measuring medication errors and related outcomes is a complex challenge affecting global efforts to improve medication safety. Through strong partnership working, a multi-disciplinary team of health professionals including health psychologists developed, refined and begin to evaluate a locally-led drug calculation CPD workshop for nurses in a low-resource setting. Applying Behavioural Science helped to collect feasible evaluation data and hopefully improved impact and sustainability.
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How Behavioural Science can contribute to health partnerships : the case of The Change Exchange
Globalization and health, 2017Co-Authors: Lucie Byrne-davis, Eleanor R. Bull, Amy Burton, Nimarta Dharni, Fiona Gillison, Wendy Maltinsky, Corina Mason, Nisha Sharma, Christopher J. Armitage, Marie JohnstonAbstract:Health partnerships often use health professional training to change practice with the aim of improving quality of care. Interventions to change practice can learn from Behavioural Science and focus not only on improving the competence and capability of health professionals but also their opportunity and motivation to make changes in practice. We describe a project that used Behavioural scientist volunteers to enable health partnerships to understand and use the theories, techniques and assessments of Behavioural Science. This paper outlines how The Change Exchange, a collective of volunteer Behavioural scientists, worked with health partnerships to strengthen their projects by translating Behavioural Science in situ. We describe three case studies in which Behavioural scientists, embedded in health partnerships in Uganda, Sierra Leone and Mozambique, explored the behaviour change techniques used by educators, supported knowledge and skill development in behaviour change, monitored the impact of projects on psychological determinants of behaviour and made recommendations for future project developments. Challenges in the work included having time and space for Behavioural Science in already very busy health partnership schedules and the difficulties in using certain methods in other cultures. Future work could explore other modes of translation and further develop methods to make them more culturally applicable. Behavioural scientists could translate Behavioural Science which was understood and used by the health partnerships to strengthen their project work.
Marie Johnston - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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How Behavioural Science can contribute to health partnerships : the case of The Change Exchange
Globalization and health, 2017Co-Authors: Lucie Byrne-davis, Eleanor R. Bull, Amy Burton, Nimarta Dharni, Fiona Gillison, Wendy Maltinsky, Corina Mason, Nisha Sharma, Christopher J. Armitage, Marie JohnstonAbstract:Health partnerships often use health professional training to change practice with the aim of improving quality of care. Interventions to change practice can learn from Behavioural Science and focus not only on improving the competence and capability of health professionals but also their opportunity and motivation to make changes in practice. We describe a project that used Behavioural scientist volunteers to enable health partnerships to understand and use the theories, techniques and assessments of Behavioural Science. This paper outlines how The Change Exchange, a collective of volunteer Behavioural scientists, worked with health partnerships to strengthen their projects by translating Behavioural Science in situ. We describe three case studies in which Behavioural scientists, embedded in health partnerships in Uganda, Sierra Leone and Mozambique, explored the behaviour change techniques used by educators, supported knowledge and skill development in behaviour change, monitored the impact of projects on psychological determinants of behaviour and made recommendations for future project developments. Challenges in the work included having time and space for Behavioural Science in already very busy health partnership schedules and the difficulties in using certain methods in other cultures. Future work could explore other modes of translation and further develop methods to make them more culturally applicable. Behavioural scientists could translate Behavioural Science which was understood and used by the health partnerships to strengthen their project work.
Jane M Simoni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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individual health behaviours to combat the covid 19 pandemic lessons from hiv socio Behavioural Science
Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2021Co-Authors: Jessica E Haberer, Ariane Van Der Straten, Steven A Safren, Mallory O Johnson, Rivet K Amico, Carlos Del Rio, Michele P Andrasik, Ira B Wilson, Jane M SimoniAbstract:INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 parallels HIV in many ways. Socio-Behavioural Science has been critical in elucidating the context and factors surrounding individual levels of engagement with known effective prevention and treatment tools for HIV, thus offering important lessons for ongoing efforts to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. DISCUSSION: Non-adherence to effective disease mitigation strategies (e.g. condoms for HIV and masks for COVID-19) can be attributed in part to prioritizing comfort, convenience and individual autonomy over public health. Importantly, misinformation can fuel denialism and conspiracies that discredit scientific knowledge and motivate nonadherence. These preferences and the extent to which individuals can act on their preferences may be constrained by the structures and culture in which they live. Both HIV and COVID-19 have been politicized and influenced by evolving recommendations from scientists, clinicians, policymakers and politically motivated organizations. While vaccines are vital for ending both pandemics, their impact will depend on availability and uptake. Four decades of experience with the HIV epidemic have shown that information alone is insufficient to overcome these challenges; interventions must address the underlying, often complex factors that influence human behaviour. This article builds from socio-Behavioural Science theory and describes practical and successful approaches to enable and support adherence to prevention and treatment strategies, including vaccine adoption. Key methods include reframing tools to enhance motivation, promoting centralized sources of trusted information, strategic development and messaging with and within key populations (e.g. through social media) and appealing to self-empowerment, altruism and informed decision making. Orchestrated evidence-based activism is needed to overcome manipulative politicization, while consistent transparent messaging around scientific discoveries and clinical recommendations are critical for public acceptance and support. Ultimately, the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines will depend on our ability to engender trust in the communities most affected. CONCLUSIONS: Many lessons learned from socio-Behavioural Science in the HIV pandemic are applicable to the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual behaviour must be understood within its interpersonal and societal context to address the current barriers to adherence to disease-mitigating strategies and promote an effective response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which is likely to be endured for the foreseeable future.