The Experts below are selected from a list of 585 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
E. Hughes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biomass Cofiring at Seward Station: An update
2000Co-Authors: Joseph J. Battista, David A. Tillman, E. HughesAbstract:Sithe Energies, under a cooperative agreement with EPRI, the US Department of Energy, the Biomass Interest Group (BIG) and the Upgraded Coal Interest Group (UCIG), has developed a demonstration of Cofiring Biomass with pulverized coal at the Seward Generating Station on Boiler No. 12. This demonstration included construction of a facility to receive, screen, store, and transport sawdust into a front-fired pulverized coal boiler. This facility has several distinctive features including the sawdust receiving system, the silo storage for processed Biomass, and the injection system using the centerpipe of the coal burners. The Biomass is prepared separately and transported separately from the coal. The wood waste is then injected into the center of the coal flame and burned there for optimum biofuel performance. This demonstration, involving an extended period of Cofiring testing, is based upon successful parametric tests conducted in December, 1996 and July, 1997. these tests documented the impact of Cofiring, in the short term, on capacity, efficiency, and emissions. Those results are now being evaluated over a long term period. Additionally, operational and maintenance issues are being addressed with this demonstration and modifications have been made to improve the handling of the fuel. This paper describes the Cofiringmore » system, and reviews progress to date with the combustion tests.« less
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Biomass Cofiring at Seward Station
Biomass and Bioenergy, 2000Co-Authors: Joseph J. Battista, E. Hughes, David A. TillmanAbstract:Abstract Sithe Energies, under a cooperative agreement with EPRI, the US Department of Energy, the Biomass Interest Group (BIG) and the Upgraded Coal Interest Group (UCIG), has developed a demonstration of Cofiring Biomass with pulverized coal at the Seward Generating Station on Boiler #12. This demonstration, constructed and tested by Foster Wheeler Development Corporation (FWDC) included construction of a facility to receive, screen, store and transport sawdust into a front-fired pulverized coal boiler. This facility has several distinctive features including the sawdust receiving system, the silo storage for processed Biomass, and the injection system using the centerpipe of the coal burners. The Biomass is prepared separately and transported separately from the coal. The wood waste is then injected into the center of the coal flame and burned there for optimum biofuel performance. This demonstration, involving an extended period of Cofiring testing, is based upon successful parametric tests conducted in December, 1996 and July, 1997. These tests documented the impact of Cofiring, in the short term, on capacity, efficiency and emissions. Those results are now being evaluated over a long-term period. Additionally, operational and maintenance issues are being addressed with this demonstration and modifications have been made to improve the handling of the fuel. This paper describes the Cofiring system, and reviews progress to date with the combustion tests.
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Biomass Cofiring: economics, policy and opportunities.
Biomass and Bioenergy, 2000Co-Authors: E. HughesAbstract:Abstract The US Department of Energy (DOE), Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and utilities are evaluating, testing and applying technology that can give a new, and potentially profitable, mission to existing coal-fired power plants. The oldest of all fuels, wood, and the old original fuel of the industrial revolution, coal, are key to this move to a new mission. Technical issues that can lead to doubt about, or outright rejection of, wood (or Biomass) Cofiring are, in fact, being resolved through testing and experience. DOE, EPRI and utilities have joined to cosponsor tests in full-sized boilers and design/cost/supply studies related to these tests. Economic calculations, based on the measured performance and on cost estimates confirmed in purchases for the tests, are presented in this paper. The technical feasibility is proved. The constraints are identified. So far, the profits are in the future. Policy changes that produce stronger economic incentives could make profit possible today, and enable this low-cost form of renewable power to be deployed. But, without the policy, or market, change, the economic barrier is a strong one, when Biomass Cofiring must compete with low-cost coal at low fuel cost and with low-capital-cost gas turbine combined cycle power plants. The economics would not be a barrier at all if Biomass Cofiring were in competition against moderate-velocity wind power or solar PV power.
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Biomass Cofiring in full-sized coal-fired boilers
1999Co-Authors: S.i. Plasynski, E. Hughes, R. Costello, D. TillmanAbstract:Biomass Cofiring represents one alternative for reducing greenhouse gas emissions of carbon dioxide from fossil sources. Realizing this opportunity, the Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC), a field site of the Department of Energy (DOE), along with the EPRI, initiated a Program around two-years ago to research the feasibility of coal-fired boilers in Cofiring of Biomass and other waste-derived fuels. The cooperative agreement between FETC and EPRI includes Cofiring at six different electric utility sites and one steam generation site. Boilers include wall-fired, tangential, cyclone, and stokers ranging in size from 15 to 500 MWe. Biomass consisting of wood (usually) and switchgrass (in two cases) will be the fuel, and pulp and plastics may be used in some waste-derived fuels Cofiring tests. This paper will focus only on the Biomass cofired tests in electric utility boilers.
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USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT
1999Co-Authors: D. Tillman, E. HughesAbstract:During the period of April 1, 1999 through June 30, 1999, wood Cofiring testing at both Seward Generating Station of GPU Genco and Bailly Generating Station of Northern Indiana Public Service Company provided the focus for all activities. In both cases, the testing was directed at the impacts of Cofiring on efficiency, operability, and NO{sub x} emissions. This report summarizes the activities during the second calendar quarter in 1999 of the USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring Cooperative Agreement. It focuses upon reporting the results of testing activities at both generating stations.
D. Tillman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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DESIGNING AND OPPORTUNITY FUEL WITH Biomass AND TIRE-DERIVED FUEL FOR Cofiring AT WILLOW ISLAND GENERATING STATION AND Cofiring SAWDUST WITH COAL AT ALBRIGHT GENERATING STATION
2004Co-Authors: K. Payette, D. TillmanAbstract:During the period July 1, 2000-March 31, 2004, Allegheny Energy Supply Co., LLC (Allegheny) conducted an extensive demonstration of woody Biomass Cofiring at its Willow Island and Albright Generating Stations. This demonstration, cofunded by USDOE and Allegheny, and supported by the Biomass Interest Group (BIG) of EPRI, evaluated the impacts of sawdust Cofiring in both cyclone boilers and tangentially-fired pulverized coal boilers. The Cofiring in the cyclone boiler--Willow Island Generating Station Unit No.2--evaluated the impacts of sawdust alone, and sawdust blended with tire-derived fuel. The Biomass was blended with the coal on its way to the combustion system. The Cofiring in the pulverized coal boiler--Albright Generating Station--evaluated the impact of Cofiring on emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NO{sub x}) when the sawdust was injected separately into the furnace. The demonstration of woody Biomass Cofiring involved design, construction, and testing at each site. The results addressed impacts associated with operational issues--capacity, efficiency, and operability--as well as formation and control of airborne emissions such as NO{sub x}, sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}2), opacity, and mercury. The results of this extensive program are detailed in this report.
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DESIGNING AN OPPORTUNITY FUEL WITH Biomass AND TIRE-DERIVED FUEL FOR Cofiring AT WILLOW ISLAND GENERATING STATION AND Cofiring SAWDUST WITH COAL AT ALBRIGHT GENERATING STATION
2004Co-Authors: K. Payette, D. TillmanAbstract:During the period October 1, 2003-December 31, 2003, Allegheny Energy Supply Co., LLC (Allegheny) continued with demonstration operations at the Willow Island Generating Station and improvements to the Albright Generating Station Cofiring systems. The demonstration operations at Willow Island were designed to document integration of Biomass Cofiring into commercial operations, including evaluating new sources of Biomass supply. The Albright improvements were designed to increase the resource base for the projects, and to address issues that came up during the first year of operations. This report summarizes the activities associated with the Designer Opportunity Fuel program, and demonstrations at Willow Island and Albright Generating Stations.
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Biomass Cofiring in full-sized coal-fired boilers
1999Co-Authors: S.i. Plasynski, E. Hughes, R. Costello, D. TillmanAbstract:Biomass Cofiring represents one alternative for reducing greenhouse gas emissions of carbon dioxide from fossil sources. Realizing this opportunity, the Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC), a field site of the Department of Energy (DOE), along with the EPRI, initiated a Program around two-years ago to research the feasibility of coal-fired boilers in Cofiring of Biomass and other waste-derived fuels. The cooperative agreement between FETC and EPRI includes Cofiring at six different electric utility sites and one steam generation site. Boilers include wall-fired, tangential, cyclone, and stokers ranging in size from 15 to 500 MWe. Biomass consisting of wood (usually) and switchgrass (in two cases) will be the fuel, and pulp and plastics may be used in some waste-derived fuels Cofiring tests. This paper will focus only on the Biomass cofired tests in electric utility boilers.
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USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT
1999Co-Authors: D. Tillman, E. HughesAbstract:During the period of April 1, 1999 through June 30, 1999, wood Cofiring testing at both Seward Generating Station of GPU Genco and Bailly Generating Station of Northern Indiana Public Service Company provided the focus for all activities. In both cases, the testing was directed at the impacts of Cofiring on efficiency, operability, and NO{sub x} emissions. This report summarizes the activities during the second calendar quarter in 1999 of the USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring Cooperative Agreement. It focuses upon reporting the results of testing activities at both generating stations.
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FETC/EPRI Biomass Cofiring COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT
1998Co-Authors: D. Tillman, E. HughesAbstract:During April 1 st , 1998 to June 31 st , 1998, significant work was done in preparation for a series of test involving Cofiring at power plants. A Biomass material handling system was designed for the Seward testing, a gasification system was designed for the Allen Fossil Plant, and a test program plan was developed for testing at NIPSCO�s Bailly Station. Also completed this quarter was a cyclone combustion model that provides a color visual representation of estimated temperatures within a plant. This report summarizes the activities during the second quarter in 1998 of the FETC/EPRI Biomass Cofiring Cooperative Agreement. It focuses upon reporting the results of testing in order to highlight the progress at utilities.
Joseph J. Battista - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pilot scale air toxics r d assessment of creosote treated and pcp treated wood Cofiring for pulverized coal utility boiler applications
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2000Co-Authors: Mark C Freeman, S.i. Plasynski, William J Odowd, Thomas D Brown, Richard A Hargis, R A James, Gary Walbert, A F Lowe, Joseph J. BattistaAbstract:Abstract This paper presents air toxics emissions test results from a pilot-scale Cofiring study of pentachlorophenol- (PCP) and creosote-treated woods to provide data for pre-permitting requirements for utilities interested in Biomass Cofiring as a means of increasing renewable energy while reducing greenhouse gases and other emissions for pulverized coal-fired utility boilers. These PCP/creosote-treated wood Cofiring tests included a comprehensive assessment of air toxics, including dioxins, furans, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals (Hg, Sb, As, Cd, Cr, Co, Pb, Ni and Se), formaldehyde and other volatile organic compounds, HCl, and particulates. This pilot-scale testing measured ‘uncontrolled’ emissions from the combustor (upstream of flue gas cleanup devices) and showed that PCP/creosote-treated wood could be successfully cofired at 10% heat input without increases in air toxic emissions as compared to a baseline eastern bituminous coal. Air toxics emissions were typically very low, and often near or below detection limits, largely as a result of the good air/fuel mixing and high furnace temperatures associated with pulverized coal combustion. One expected result was an increase in uncontrolled HCl emissions as a result of the higher chlorine content in the treated woods, although even at 10% Cofiring levels, HCl emissions were within the range of other US coals. This paper is presented to provide independent data that industry, environmental groups, and regulators may consider in evaluating the opportunities for treated wood Cofiring test burns and commercialization in full-scale coal-fired boilers in an environmentally acceptable manner.
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Biomass Cofiring at Seward Station: An update
2000Co-Authors: Joseph J. Battista, David A. Tillman, E. HughesAbstract:Sithe Energies, under a cooperative agreement with EPRI, the US Department of Energy, the Biomass Interest Group (BIG) and the Upgraded Coal Interest Group (UCIG), has developed a demonstration of Cofiring Biomass with pulverized coal at the Seward Generating Station on Boiler No. 12. This demonstration included construction of a facility to receive, screen, store, and transport sawdust into a front-fired pulverized coal boiler. This facility has several distinctive features including the sawdust receiving system, the silo storage for processed Biomass, and the injection system using the centerpipe of the coal burners. The Biomass is prepared separately and transported separately from the coal. The wood waste is then injected into the center of the coal flame and burned there for optimum biofuel performance. This demonstration, involving an extended period of Cofiring testing, is based upon successful parametric tests conducted in December, 1996 and July, 1997. these tests documented the impact of Cofiring, in the short term, on capacity, efficiency, and emissions. Those results are now being evaluated over a long term period. Additionally, operational and maintenance issues are being addressed with this demonstration and modifications have been made to improve the handling of the fuel. This paper describes the Cofiringmore » system, and reviews progress to date with the combustion tests.« less
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Biomass Cofiring at Seward Station
Biomass and Bioenergy, 2000Co-Authors: Joseph J. Battista, E. Hughes, David A. TillmanAbstract:Abstract Sithe Energies, under a cooperative agreement with EPRI, the US Department of Energy, the Biomass Interest Group (BIG) and the Upgraded Coal Interest Group (UCIG), has developed a demonstration of Cofiring Biomass with pulverized coal at the Seward Generating Station on Boiler #12. This demonstration, constructed and tested by Foster Wheeler Development Corporation (FWDC) included construction of a facility to receive, screen, store and transport sawdust into a front-fired pulverized coal boiler. This facility has several distinctive features including the sawdust receiving system, the silo storage for processed Biomass, and the injection system using the centerpipe of the coal burners. The Biomass is prepared separately and transported separately from the coal. The wood waste is then injected into the center of the coal flame and burned there for optimum biofuel performance. This demonstration, involving an extended period of Cofiring testing, is based upon successful parametric tests conducted in December, 1996 and July, 1997. These tests documented the impact of Cofiring, in the short term, on capacity, efficiency and emissions. Those results are now being evaluated over a long-term period. Additionally, operational and maintenance issues are being addressed with this demonstration and modifications have been made to improve the handling of the fuel. This paper describes the Cofiring system, and reviews progress to date with the combustion tests.
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Cofiring wood waste with coal at the Seward Generating Station
1998Co-Authors: David A. Tillman, Joseph J. Battista, E. HughesAbstract:In December, 1996 and July, 1997, The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) sponsored wood waste Cofiring tests at the Seward Generating Station of GPU Genco. Some 20 parametric tests were conducted. These tests, conducted by Foster Wheeler Environmental Corporation, evaluated Cofiring up to 10% (heat input basis) using wood wastes with various moisture and ash contents, and with varying fuel volatility. fuel moisture contents ranged from 13% to over 50%. Ash contents ranged from 2 year old sawdust that had begun the process of devolatilization. The tests were conducted to examine the impact of Biomass Cofiring on boiler capacity, efficiency, stability, emissions, and potential problems associated with unburned carbon in the flyash and bottom ash. They were the first Cofiring tests conducted on a wall-fired boiler using separate feed of wood waste into the unit. The Cofiring technique involved screening all of the biofuel to
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the shawville coal Biomass Cofiring test a coal power industry cooperative test of direct fossil fuel co2 mitigation
Energy Conversion and Management, 1997Co-Authors: Earl F Hunt, Joseph J. Battista, David E Prinzing, E. HughesAbstract:Under the sponsorship of the Pennsylvania Electric Company (Penelec), and with the support of EPRI, the U.S. Department of Energy, and the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Penelec and Foster Wheeler Environmental Corporation conducted low percentage (3% by weight) wood Cofiring tests at Units 2 and 3 of the Shawville Generating Station in November 1995. Unit 2 is a 138 MWe (gross) wall-fired pulverized coal boiler equipped with ball and race mills, table feeders, and low-NOx burners. Unit 3 is a 190 MWe (gross) tangentially-fired pulverized coal boiler equipped with bowl mills, paddle feeders, and low-NOx burners. There is no spare capacity in the pulverizing systems of either unit when operating under full load conditions. This project was unique in a number of respects, expanding the knowledge and cofire experience base achieved in other previous projects (ref. 1). First, the project tested the use of blended biofuels in boilers equipped with low NOx burners. Additionally, three types of biofuel were tested: (1) mill waste sawdust, (2) utility right-of-way trimmings, and (3) harvested hybrid poplar. Biofuels were processed off-site, blended at a nearby coal blending yard, and then trucked to the unmodified Shawville Station on a “just-in-time” schedule basis. The off-site fuel preparation and blending operations provided an adequate supply of blended biofuel and coal to allow the project to meet its overall test objectives, and also provided much useful new data and information needed to help establish commercial processing facilities. Plant operating technical objectives were to determine the impacts of using low percentage biofuel blends on boiler capacity, efficiency, stability, temperature, and air/solid waste emissions. Significant boiler capacity limitations were experienced on both units when Cofiring 3 percent Biomass blends. The 138 MWe boiler lost 8–10 MWe of capacity due to feeder limitations, and the 190 MWe boiler lost 15 MWe of capacity due to significant reductions in mill outlet temperatures. For both units, the 3 weight percent biofuel blends behaved like wet coal. Significant new information was developed with respect to both fuel processing and plant performance issues. This paper describes the project and the test results and explores the CO2 mitigation impacts of firing blends of coal and Biomass that are prepared off-site.
David A. Tillman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Handbook of Clean Energy Systems - Biomass Cofiring for Emissions Management
Handbook of Clean Energy Systems, 2015Co-Authors: David A. TillmanAbstract:Biomass Cofiring in coal-fired utility boilers has been demonstrated as an effective means to trim certain gaseous products of combustion including sulfur dioxide (SO2), fossil-based carbon dioxide (CO2), and, for the most part, oxides of nitrogen (NOx). In some projects, it has also been shown to reduce mercury (Hg) emissions. As this article elucidates, the mechanisms by which Biomass Cofiring achieves these results include fuel composition—Biomass is deficient in sulfur and its carbon is within the global carbon inventory available for recycling through the photosynthetic process. These mechanisms, when applied to NOx emissions reduction, capitalize on the high reactivity of the Biomass fuel and the ability of reactive solid fuels to impart that reactivity to less reactive coals. The Biomass fuels used in the United States are largely woody and herbaceous materials. Processed Biomass in the form of pellets and/or torrefied wood has not been used extensively in the United States because of the high costs associated with double handling of the material and the processing itself. Animal manure has been tried but largely unsuccessfully. There have been numerous demonstrations and tests of Cofiring; several such case studies are summarized in this article. These case studies document how the fuel properties of Biomass are used in Cofiring applications to achieve environmental benefits. Keywords: Biomass Cofiring; characteristics of Biomass; fuel properties; emissions management; issues of Cofiring
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Biomass Cofiring for emissions management
Handbook of Clean Energy Systems, 2015Co-Authors: David A. TillmanAbstract:Biomass Cofiring in coal-fired utility boilers has been demonstrated as an effective means to trim certain gaseous products of combustion including sulfur dioxide (SO2), fossil-based carbon dioxide (CO2), and, for the most part, oxides of nitrogen (NOx). In some projects, it has also been shown to reduce mercury (Hg) emissions. As this article elucidates, the mechanisms by which Biomass Cofiring achieves these results include fuel composition—Biomass is deficient in sulfur and its carbon is within the global carbon inventory available for recycling through the photosynthetic process. These mechanisms, when applied to NOx emissions reduction, capitalize on the high reactivity of the Biomass fuel and the ability of reactive solid fuels to impart that reactivity to less reactive coals. The Biomass fuels used in the United States are largely woody and herbaceous materials. Processed Biomass in the form of pellets and/or torrefied wood has not been used extensively in the United States because of the high costs associated with double handling of the material and the processing itself. Animal manure has been tried but largely unsuccessfully. There have been numerous demonstrations and tests of Cofiring; several such case studies are summarized in this article. These case studies document how the fuel properties of Biomass are used in Cofiring applications to achieve environmental benefits. Keywords: Biomass Cofiring; characteristics of Biomass; fuel properties; emissions management; issues of Cofiring
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blending coal with Biomass Cofiring Biomass with coal
2012Co-Authors: David A. Tillman, Dao N B Duong, Stanley N HardingAbstract:This chapter discusses the importance of lignocellulosic materials as fuel. It is explained that when fuels are blended, one is the dominant fuel and the other is a supplemental fuel. Burning behaviors vary depending on the fuel combinations involved. The four classifications of coal—lignite, subbituminous, bituminous, and anthracite are introduced. The carbon cycle is explained. Cyclone-fired boilers are discussed. Nitrogen and carbon evolution pathways are explained.
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Chapter 4 – Blending Coal with Biomass: Cofiring Biomass with Coal
Solid Fuel Blending, 2012Co-Authors: David A. Tillman, Dao N B Duong, N. Stanley HardingAbstract:This chapter discusses the importance of lignocellulosic materials as fuel. It is explained that when fuels are blended, one is the dominant fuel and the other is a supplemental fuel. Burning behaviors vary depending on the fuel combinations involved. The four classifications of coal—lignite, subbituminous, bituminous, and anthracite are introduced. The carbon cycle is explained. Cyclone-fired boilers are discussed. Nitrogen and carbon evolution pathways are explained.
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Cofiring multiple opportunity fuels with coal at bailly generating station
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2000Co-Authors: Patricia J Hus, David A. TillmanAbstract:Abstract Northern Indiana Public Service Company (NIPSCO) has developed a long-term demonstration firing Biomass and petroleum coke with coal at its Bailly Generating Station boiler #7, a 160 MW e (net) cyclone boiler. This demonstration, funded by the US Department of Energy (USDOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) and the USDOE National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), has been developed as part of the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Biomass Cofiring demonstration program. The NIPSCO demonstration program — the triburn program — has involved designing and constructing a fuel preparation and blending facility. It then involved extensive testing of firing clean urban wood waste — Biomass — with coal, firing petroleum coke with coal, and firing various blends of urban wood waste and petroleum coke with coal. Results of the extensive testing program have shown that the triburn blends of Biomass and petroleum coke with coal have accomplished the following: (1) increased boiler efficiency, (2) reduced fuel costs; and (3) reduced emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx), mercury, and fossil carbon dioxide (CO2). At the same time, the triburn program has not increased other emissions. This paper summarizes the results of testing at Bailly Generating Station, discusses the impacts of petroleum coke and wood waste, discusses the synergies between these two opportunity fuels, and considers the implications of the demonstration.
E. Hughes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT
2000Co-Authors: E. Hughes, D. TillmanAbstract:During the period of July 1, 2000 through September 30, 2000, alternatives for relocating the Seward Generating Station Cofiring project were investigated. Allegheny Energy Supply Company LLC will accept the separate injection demonstration at its Albright Generating Station. During this period, also, efforts were made at program outreach. Papers were given at the Pittsburgh Coal Conference. This report summarizes the activities during the second calendar quarter in 2000 of the USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring Cooperative Agreement. It focuses upon reporting the results of the relocation of Seward, and on the outreach efforts
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USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT
2000Co-Authors: E. Hughes, D. TillmanAbstract:During the period of April 1, 2000 through June 30, 2000, alternatives for relocating the Seward Generating Station Cofiring project were investigated. A test was conducted at Bailly Generating Station of Northern Indiana Public Service Co., firing a blend of Black Thunder (Powder River Basin) coal and Illinois basin coal, in cyclone boiler designed for Illinois basin coal. This test at Bailly was designed to determine the technical feasibility of Cofiring at that station using PRB coals. This report summarizes the activities during the second calendar quarter in 2000 of the USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring Cooperative Agreement. It focuses upon reporting the results of construction and testing activities at these generating stations
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USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT
1999Co-Authors: D. Tillman, E. HughesAbstract:The Eleventh Quarter of the USDOE-EPRI contract, April 1, 1999 through June 30, 1999, was characterized by extensive testing at the Seward Cofiring demonstration of GPU Genco and the Bailly Unit No.7 demonstration of NIPSCO. Technical work that proceeded during the eleventh quarter of the contract included the following: Testing at up to {approx}15 percent Cofiring on a mass basis ({approx}7 percent Cofiring on a Btu basis) at the Seward Generating Station No.12 boiler, focusing upon the operability of the separate injection system and the combustion/emission formation characteristics of the Cofiring process; and Testing at up to {approx}10 percent Cofiring of waste wood on a mass basis ({approx}5 percent Cofiring on a Btu basis) at the Bailly Generating Station No.7 boiler, focusing upon the impacts of urban wood waste blended with a mixture of eastern high sulfur coal and western low sulfur coal Both tests demonstrated the following general, and expected, results from Cofiring at these locations: (1) Cofiring did not impact boiler capacity; (2) Cofiring did cause a modest reduction in boiler efficiency; (3) Cofiring did reduce NOx emissions; (4) Cofiring did reduce fossil CO2 emissions; and (5) Other impacts of Cofiring were modest
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USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT
1999Co-Authors: D. Tillman, E. HughesAbstract:During the period of January 1, 1999 through March 31, 1999, construction was performed in support of two major demonstrations. Major progress was made on several projects including Cofiring at Seward (GPU Genco), and Bailly (NIPSCO). Most of the work was focused on construction and system commissioning activities at the Seward and Bailly Generating Stations. Additionally, petroleum coke Cofiring testing was completed at the Bailly Generating Station. This report summarizes the activities during the first calendar quarter in 1999--the fourth contract quarter in 1998--of the USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring Cooperative Agreement. It focuses upon reporting the results of construction activities and related events
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USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT
1999Co-Authors: D. Tillman, E. HughesAbstract:During the period of October 1, 1998 through December 31, 1998, significant work was done in direct preparation for several Cofiring tests. Major progress was made on several projects including Cofiring at Seward (GPU Genco), Allen (TVA), and Bailly (NIPSCO). Most of the work was focused on construction activities at the Seward and Bailly Generating Stations. The conceptual design and feasibility study for gasification-based Cofiring at the Allen Fossil Plant was completed. The feasibility study for Cofiring at the Pirkey and Northeastern Generating Stations of Central and South West Utilities (C&SW) also was completed. This report summarizes the activities during the fourth calendar quarter in 1998--of the USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring Cooperative Agreement. It focuses upon reporting the results of construction activities and related events