The Experts below are selected from a list of 2163 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Samuel D Banister - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the chemistry and pharmacology of synthetic cannabinoid sdb 006 and its regioisomeric fluorinated and methoxylated analogs
Drug Testing and Analysis, 2018Co-Authors: Samuel D Banister, Alexander Olson, Matthew Winchester, Jordyn Stuart, Amelia R Edington, Richard C Kevin, Mitchell Longworth, Marco HerreraAbstract:Synthetic cannabinoids are the largest and most structurally diverse class of new psychoactive substances, with manufacturers often using isomerism to evade detection and circumvent legal restriction. The regioisomeric methoxy- and fluorine-substituted analogs of SDB-006 (N-benzyl-1-pentyl-1H-indole-3-carboxamide) were synthesized and could not be differentiated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), but were distinguishable by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-MS (LC-QTOF-MS). In a fluorescence-based plate reader membrane potential assay, SDB-006 acted as a potent agonist at human cannabinoid receptors (CB1 EC50 = 19 nM). All methoxy- and fluorine-substituted analogs showed reduced potency compared to SDB-006, although the 2-fluorinated analog (EC50 = 166 nM) was comparable to known synthetic cannabinoid RCS-4 (EC50 = 146 nM). Using Biotelemetry in rats, SDB-006 and RCS-4 evoked comparable reduction in body temperature (~0.7°C at a dose of 10 mg/kg), suggesting lower potency than the recent synthetic cannabinoid AB-CHMINACA (>2°C, 3 mg/kg).
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pharmacology of cumyl carboxamide synthetic cannabinoid new psychoactive substances nps cumyl bica cumyl pica cumyl 5f pica cumyl 5f pinaca and their analogues
ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2017Co-Authors: Mitchell Longworth, Samuel D Banister, Richard C Kevin, Rochelle Boyd, Mark Connor, Iain S Mcgregor, Michael KassiouAbstract:Synthetic cannabinoids (SC) are the largest class of new psychoactive substances (NPS), and are increasingly associated with serious adverse effects. The majority of SC NPS are 1,3-disubstituted indoles and indazoles featuring a diversity of subunits at the 1- and 3-positions. Most recently, cumyl-derived indole- and indazole-3-carboxamides have been detected by law enforcement agencies and by emergency departments. Herein we describe the synthesis, characterization, and pharmacology of SCs CUMYL-BICA, CUMYL-PICA, CUMYL-5F-PICA, CUMYL-PINACA, CUMYL-5F-PINACA, and related analogues. All cumyl-derived SCs were potent, efficacious agonists at CB1 (EC50 = 0.43–12.3 nM) and CB2 (EC50 = 11.3–122 nM) receptors in a fluorometric assay of membrane potential, with selectivity for CB1 activation (3.1–53 times over CB2). CUMYL-PICA and CUMYL-5F-PICA were evaluated in rats using Biotelemetry, and induced hypothermia and bradycardia at doses of 1 mg/kg. Hypothermia was reversed by pretreatment with a CB1, but not CB2, ...
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pharmacology of valinate and tert leucinate synthetic cannabinoids 5f ambica 5f amb 5f adb amb fubinaca mdmb fubinaca mdmb chmica and their analogues
ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2016Co-Authors: Samuel D Banister, Jordyn Stuart, Richard C Kevin, Mitchell Longworth, Iain S Mcgregor, Shivani Sachdev, Marina Santiago, James B C Mack, Michelle Glass, Mark ConnorAbstract:Indole and indazole synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) featuring l-valinate or l-tert-leucinate pendant group have recently emerged as prevalent recreational drugs, and their use has been associated with serious adverse health effects. Due to the limited pharmacological data available for these compounds, 5F-AMBICA, 5F-AMB, 5F-ADB, AMB-FUBINACA, MDMB-FUBINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and their analogues were synthesized and assessed for cannabimimetic activity in vitro and in vivo. All SCs acted as potent, highly efficacious agonists at CB1 (EC50 = 0.45–36 nM) and CB2 (EC50 = 4.6–128 nM) receptors in a fluorometric assay of membrane potential, with a general preference for CB1 activation. The cannabimimetic properties of two prevalent compounds with confirmed toxicity in humans, 5F-AMB and MDMB-FUBINACA, were demonstrated in vivo using Biotelemetry in rats. Bradycardia and hypothermia were induced by 5F-AMB and MDMB-FUBINACA doses of 0.1–1 mg/kg (and 3 mg/kg for 5F-AMB), with MDMB-FUBINACA showing the most dramatic hypoth...
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pharmacology of indole and indazole synthetic cannabinoid designer drugs ab fubinaca adb fubinaca ab pinaca adb pinaca 5f ab pinaca 5f adb pinaca adbica and 5f adbica
ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2015Co-Authors: Samuel D Banister, Jordyn Stuart, Richard C Kevin, Mitchell Longworth, Michael Moir, Katie E Wood, Shane M Wilkinson, Corinne BeinatAbstract:Synthetic cannabinoid (SC) designer drugs based on indole and indazole scaffolds and featuring l-valinamide or l-tert-leucinamide side chains are encountered with increasing frequency by forensic researchers and law enforcement agencies and are associated with serious adverse health effects. However, many of these novel SCs are unprecedented in the scientific literature at the time of their discovery, and little is known of their pharmacology. Here, we report the synthesis and pharmacological characterization of AB-FUBINACA, ADB-FUBINACA, AB-PINACA, ADB-PINACA, 5F-AB-PINACA, 5F-ADB-PINACA, ADBICA, 5F-ADBICA, and several analogues. All synthesized SCs acted as high potency agonists of CB1 (EC50 = 0.24–21 nM) and CB2 (EC50 = 0.88–15 nM) receptors in a fluorometric assay of membrane potential, with 5F-ADB-PINACA showing the greatest potency at CB1 receptors. The cannabimimetic activities of AB-FUBINACA and AB-PINACA in vivo were evaluated in rats using Biotelemetry. AB-FUBINACA and AB-PINACA dose-dependently...
Mitchell Longworth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the chemistry and pharmacology of synthetic cannabinoid sdb 006 and its regioisomeric fluorinated and methoxylated analogs
Drug Testing and Analysis, 2018Co-Authors: Samuel D Banister, Alexander Olson, Matthew Winchester, Jordyn Stuart, Amelia R Edington, Richard C Kevin, Mitchell Longworth, Marco HerreraAbstract:Synthetic cannabinoids are the largest and most structurally diverse class of new psychoactive substances, with manufacturers often using isomerism to evade detection and circumvent legal restriction. The regioisomeric methoxy- and fluorine-substituted analogs of SDB-006 (N-benzyl-1-pentyl-1H-indole-3-carboxamide) were synthesized and could not be differentiated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), but were distinguishable by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-MS (LC-QTOF-MS). In a fluorescence-based plate reader membrane potential assay, SDB-006 acted as a potent agonist at human cannabinoid receptors (CB1 EC50 = 19 nM). All methoxy- and fluorine-substituted analogs showed reduced potency compared to SDB-006, although the 2-fluorinated analog (EC50 = 166 nM) was comparable to known synthetic cannabinoid RCS-4 (EC50 = 146 nM). Using Biotelemetry in rats, SDB-006 and RCS-4 evoked comparable reduction in body temperature (~0.7°C at a dose of 10 mg/kg), suggesting lower potency than the recent synthetic cannabinoid AB-CHMINACA (>2°C, 3 mg/kg).
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pharmacology of cumyl carboxamide synthetic cannabinoid new psychoactive substances nps cumyl bica cumyl pica cumyl 5f pica cumyl 5f pinaca and their analogues
ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2017Co-Authors: Mitchell Longworth, Samuel D Banister, Richard C Kevin, Rochelle Boyd, Mark Connor, Iain S Mcgregor, Michael KassiouAbstract:Synthetic cannabinoids (SC) are the largest class of new psychoactive substances (NPS), and are increasingly associated with serious adverse effects. The majority of SC NPS are 1,3-disubstituted indoles and indazoles featuring a diversity of subunits at the 1- and 3-positions. Most recently, cumyl-derived indole- and indazole-3-carboxamides have been detected by law enforcement agencies and by emergency departments. Herein we describe the synthesis, characterization, and pharmacology of SCs CUMYL-BICA, CUMYL-PICA, CUMYL-5F-PICA, CUMYL-PINACA, CUMYL-5F-PINACA, and related analogues. All cumyl-derived SCs were potent, efficacious agonists at CB1 (EC50 = 0.43–12.3 nM) and CB2 (EC50 = 11.3–122 nM) receptors in a fluorometric assay of membrane potential, with selectivity for CB1 activation (3.1–53 times over CB2). CUMYL-PICA and CUMYL-5F-PICA were evaluated in rats using Biotelemetry, and induced hypothermia and bradycardia at doses of 1 mg/kg. Hypothermia was reversed by pretreatment with a CB1, but not CB2, ...
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pharmacology of valinate and tert leucinate synthetic cannabinoids 5f ambica 5f amb 5f adb amb fubinaca mdmb fubinaca mdmb chmica and their analogues
ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2016Co-Authors: Samuel D Banister, Jordyn Stuart, Richard C Kevin, Mitchell Longworth, Iain S Mcgregor, Shivani Sachdev, Marina Santiago, James B C Mack, Michelle Glass, Mark ConnorAbstract:Indole and indazole synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) featuring l-valinate or l-tert-leucinate pendant group have recently emerged as prevalent recreational drugs, and their use has been associated with serious adverse health effects. Due to the limited pharmacological data available for these compounds, 5F-AMBICA, 5F-AMB, 5F-ADB, AMB-FUBINACA, MDMB-FUBINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and their analogues were synthesized and assessed for cannabimimetic activity in vitro and in vivo. All SCs acted as potent, highly efficacious agonists at CB1 (EC50 = 0.45–36 nM) and CB2 (EC50 = 4.6–128 nM) receptors in a fluorometric assay of membrane potential, with a general preference for CB1 activation. The cannabimimetic properties of two prevalent compounds with confirmed toxicity in humans, 5F-AMB and MDMB-FUBINACA, were demonstrated in vivo using Biotelemetry in rats. Bradycardia and hypothermia were induced by 5F-AMB and MDMB-FUBINACA doses of 0.1–1 mg/kg (and 3 mg/kg for 5F-AMB), with MDMB-FUBINACA showing the most dramatic hypoth...
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pharmacology of indole and indazole synthetic cannabinoid designer drugs ab fubinaca adb fubinaca ab pinaca adb pinaca 5f ab pinaca 5f adb pinaca adbica and 5f adbica
ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2015Co-Authors: Samuel D Banister, Jordyn Stuart, Richard C Kevin, Mitchell Longworth, Michael Moir, Katie E Wood, Shane M Wilkinson, Corinne BeinatAbstract:Synthetic cannabinoid (SC) designer drugs based on indole and indazole scaffolds and featuring l-valinamide or l-tert-leucinamide side chains are encountered with increasing frequency by forensic researchers and law enforcement agencies and are associated with serious adverse health effects. However, many of these novel SCs are unprecedented in the scientific literature at the time of their discovery, and little is known of their pharmacology. Here, we report the synthesis and pharmacological characterization of AB-FUBINACA, ADB-FUBINACA, AB-PINACA, ADB-PINACA, 5F-AB-PINACA, 5F-ADB-PINACA, ADBICA, 5F-ADBICA, and several analogues. All synthesized SCs acted as high potency agonists of CB1 (EC50 = 0.24–21 nM) and CB2 (EC50 = 0.88–15 nM) receptors in a fluorometric assay of membrane potential, with 5F-ADB-PINACA showing the greatest potency at CB1 receptors. The cannabimimetic activities of AB-FUBINACA and AB-PINACA in vivo were evaluated in rats using Biotelemetry. AB-FUBINACA and AB-PINACA dose-dependently...
Scott G. Hinch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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disentangling the roles of air exposure gill net injury and facilitated recovery on the postcapture and release mortality and behavior of adult migratory sockeye salmon oncorhynchus nerka in freshwater
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 2014Co-Authors: Vivian M Nguyen, Eduardo G Martins, David A Patterson, Anthony P Farrell, D Robichaud, Graham D Raby, Michael R Donaldson, Andrew G Lotto, William G Willmore, Scott G. HinchAbstract:AbstractWe sought to improve the understanding of delayed mortality in migrating sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) captured and released in freshwater fisheries. Using Biotelemetry, blood physiology, and reflex assessments, we evaluated the relative roles of gill net injury and air exposure and investigated whether using a recovery box improved survival. Fish (), captured by beach seine, were allocated to four treatment groups: captured only, air exposed, injured, and injured and air exposed. Only half of the fish in each group were provided with a 15-min facilitated recovery. After treatment, fish were radio-tagged and released to resume their migration. Blood status was assessed in 36 additional untagged fish sampled after the four treatments. Compared with fish sampled immediately on capture, all treatments resulted in elevated plasma lactate and cortisol concentrations. After air exposure, plasma osmolality was elevated and reflexes were significantly impaired relative to the control and injured tre...
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Ocean Tracking Network Canada: A Network Approach to Addressing Critical Issues in Fisheries and Resource Management with Implications for Ocean Governance
Fisheries, 2011Co-Authors: Steven J. Cooke, Michael J. W. Stokesbury, Sara J. Iverson, Scott G. Hinch, Aaron T. Fisk, David Vanderzwaag, Richard Apostle, Fred WhoriskeyAbstract:Abstract The Ocean Tracking Network (OTN) Canada is an integrative seven-year research program initiated in 2010 with academic, government, and industry partners. The team makes use of novel Biotelemetry (primarily acoustic telemetry curtains), biologging, and oceanographic technologies to better understand changing ocean dynamics and their impact on ocean ecosystems, animal movements, and ecology and the dynamics of marine animal populations, many of which are commercially important. The network is organized around three ocean arenas (i.e., the Atlantic, Arctic, and Pacific) where specific research projects will occur. However, all projects will contribute toward addressing a single unifying nationalscale question—what are the movements of continental shelf marine animals, how do these movements affect species interactions, and what are the consequences of environmental variability/change and human activities on these species’ distributions and abundance? Taxa that will be tracked include diadromous (e.g...
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simultaneous biologging of heart rate and acceleration and their relationships with energy expenditure in free swimming sockeye salmon oncorhynchus nerka
Journal of Comparative Physiology B-biochemical Systemic and Environmental Physiology, 2010Co-Authors: Timothy Clark, Scott G. Hinch, Erik Sandblom, David A Patterson, Peter B Frappell, Anthony P FarrellAbstract:Monitoring the physiological status and behaviour of free-swimming fishes remains a challenging task, although great promise stems from techniques such as biologging and Biotelemetry. Here, implanted data loggers were used to simultaneously measure heart rate (fH), visceral temperature, and a derivation of acceleration in two groups of wild adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) held at two different water speeds (slow and fast). Calibration experiments performed with individual fish in a swim tunnel respirometer generated strong relationships between acceleration, fH, tail beat frequency and energy expenditure over a wide range of swimming velocities. The regression equations were then used to estimate the overall energy expenditure of the groups of fish held at different water speeds. As expected, fish held at faster water speeds exhibited greater fH and acceleration, and correspondingly a higher estimated energy expenditure than fish held at slower water speeds. These estimates were consistent with gross somatic energy density of fish at death, as determined using proximate analyses of a dorsal tissue sample. Heart rate alone and in combination with acceleration, rather than acceleration alone, provided the most accurate proxies for energy expenditure in these studies. Even so, acceleration provided useful information on the behaviour of fish and may itself prove to be a valuable proxy for energy expenditure under different environmental conditions, using a different derivation of the acceleration data, and/or with further calibration experiments. These results strengthen the possibility that biologging or Biotelemetry of fH and acceleration may be usefully applied to migrating sockeye salmon to monitor physiology and behaviour, and to estimate energy use in the natural environment.
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Biotelemetry a mechanistic approach to ecology
Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 2004Co-Authors: Steven J. Cooke, Scott G. Hinch, Martin Wikelski, Russel D Andrews, Louise Kuchel, Thomas G Wolcott, P J ButlerAbstract:Remote measurement of the physiology, behaviour and energetic status of free-living animals is made possible by a variety of techniques that we refer to collectively as 'Biotelemetry'. This set of tools ranges from transmitters that send their signals to receivers up to a few kilometers away to those that send data to orbiting satellites and, more frequently, to devices that log data. They enable researchers to document, for long uninterrupted periods, how undisturbed organisms interact with each other and their environment in real time. In spite of advances enabling the monitoring of many physiological and behavioural variables across a range of taxa of various sizes, these devices have yet to be embraced widely by the ecological community. Our review suggests that this technology has immense potential for research in basic and applied animal ecology. Efforts to incorporate Biotelemetry into broader ecological research programs should yield novel information that has been challenging to collect historically from free-ranging animals in their natural environments. Examples of research that would benefit from Biotelemetry include the assessment of animal responses to different anthropogenic perturbations and the development of life-time energy budgets.
Richard C Kevin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the chemistry and pharmacology of synthetic cannabinoid sdb 006 and its regioisomeric fluorinated and methoxylated analogs
Drug Testing and Analysis, 2018Co-Authors: Samuel D Banister, Alexander Olson, Matthew Winchester, Jordyn Stuart, Amelia R Edington, Richard C Kevin, Mitchell Longworth, Marco HerreraAbstract:Synthetic cannabinoids are the largest and most structurally diverse class of new psychoactive substances, with manufacturers often using isomerism to evade detection and circumvent legal restriction. The regioisomeric methoxy- and fluorine-substituted analogs of SDB-006 (N-benzyl-1-pentyl-1H-indole-3-carboxamide) were synthesized and could not be differentiated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), but were distinguishable by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-MS (LC-QTOF-MS). In a fluorescence-based plate reader membrane potential assay, SDB-006 acted as a potent agonist at human cannabinoid receptors (CB1 EC50 = 19 nM). All methoxy- and fluorine-substituted analogs showed reduced potency compared to SDB-006, although the 2-fluorinated analog (EC50 = 166 nM) was comparable to known synthetic cannabinoid RCS-4 (EC50 = 146 nM). Using Biotelemetry in rats, SDB-006 and RCS-4 evoked comparable reduction in body temperature (~0.7°C at a dose of 10 mg/kg), suggesting lower potency than the recent synthetic cannabinoid AB-CHMINACA (>2°C, 3 mg/kg).
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pharmacology of cumyl carboxamide synthetic cannabinoid new psychoactive substances nps cumyl bica cumyl pica cumyl 5f pica cumyl 5f pinaca and their analogues
ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2017Co-Authors: Mitchell Longworth, Samuel D Banister, Richard C Kevin, Rochelle Boyd, Mark Connor, Iain S Mcgregor, Michael KassiouAbstract:Synthetic cannabinoids (SC) are the largest class of new psychoactive substances (NPS), and are increasingly associated with serious adverse effects. The majority of SC NPS are 1,3-disubstituted indoles and indazoles featuring a diversity of subunits at the 1- and 3-positions. Most recently, cumyl-derived indole- and indazole-3-carboxamides have been detected by law enforcement agencies and by emergency departments. Herein we describe the synthesis, characterization, and pharmacology of SCs CUMYL-BICA, CUMYL-PICA, CUMYL-5F-PICA, CUMYL-PINACA, CUMYL-5F-PINACA, and related analogues. All cumyl-derived SCs were potent, efficacious agonists at CB1 (EC50 = 0.43–12.3 nM) and CB2 (EC50 = 11.3–122 nM) receptors in a fluorometric assay of membrane potential, with selectivity for CB1 activation (3.1–53 times over CB2). CUMYL-PICA and CUMYL-5F-PICA were evaluated in rats using Biotelemetry, and induced hypothermia and bradycardia at doses of 1 mg/kg. Hypothermia was reversed by pretreatment with a CB1, but not CB2, ...
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pharmacology of valinate and tert leucinate synthetic cannabinoids 5f ambica 5f amb 5f adb amb fubinaca mdmb fubinaca mdmb chmica and their analogues
ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2016Co-Authors: Samuel D Banister, Jordyn Stuart, Richard C Kevin, Mitchell Longworth, Iain S Mcgregor, Shivani Sachdev, Marina Santiago, James B C Mack, Michelle Glass, Mark ConnorAbstract:Indole and indazole synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) featuring l-valinate or l-tert-leucinate pendant group have recently emerged as prevalent recreational drugs, and their use has been associated with serious adverse health effects. Due to the limited pharmacological data available for these compounds, 5F-AMBICA, 5F-AMB, 5F-ADB, AMB-FUBINACA, MDMB-FUBINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and their analogues were synthesized and assessed for cannabimimetic activity in vitro and in vivo. All SCs acted as potent, highly efficacious agonists at CB1 (EC50 = 0.45–36 nM) and CB2 (EC50 = 4.6–128 nM) receptors in a fluorometric assay of membrane potential, with a general preference for CB1 activation. The cannabimimetic properties of two prevalent compounds with confirmed toxicity in humans, 5F-AMB and MDMB-FUBINACA, were demonstrated in vivo using Biotelemetry in rats. Bradycardia and hypothermia were induced by 5F-AMB and MDMB-FUBINACA doses of 0.1–1 mg/kg (and 3 mg/kg for 5F-AMB), with MDMB-FUBINACA showing the most dramatic hypoth...
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pharmacology of indole and indazole synthetic cannabinoid designer drugs ab fubinaca adb fubinaca ab pinaca adb pinaca 5f ab pinaca 5f adb pinaca adbica and 5f adbica
ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2015Co-Authors: Samuel D Banister, Jordyn Stuart, Richard C Kevin, Mitchell Longworth, Michael Moir, Katie E Wood, Shane M Wilkinson, Corinne BeinatAbstract:Synthetic cannabinoid (SC) designer drugs based on indole and indazole scaffolds and featuring l-valinamide or l-tert-leucinamide side chains are encountered with increasing frequency by forensic researchers and law enforcement agencies and are associated with serious adverse health effects. However, many of these novel SCs are unprecedented in the scientific literature at the time of their discovery, and little is known of their pharmacology. Here, we report the synthesis and pharmacological characterization of AB-FUBINACA, ADB-FUBINACA, AB-PINACA, ADB-PINACA, 5F-AB-PINACA, 5F-ADB-PINACA, ADBICA, 5F-ADBICA, and several analogues. All synthesized SCs acted as high potency agonists of CB1 (EC50 = 0.24–21 nM) and CB2 (EC50 = 0.88–15 nM) receptors in a fluorometric assay of membrane potential, with 5F-ADB-PINACA showing the greatest potency at CB1 receptors. The cannabimimetic activities of AB-FUBINACA and AB-PINACA in vivo were evaluated in rats using Biotelemetry. AB-FUBINACA and AB-PINACA dose-dependently...
Anthony P Farrell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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disentangling the roles of air exposure gill net injury and facilitated recovery on the postcapture and release mortality and behavior of adult migratory sockeye salmon oncorhynchus nerka in freshwater
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 2014Co-Authors: Vivian M Nguyen, Eduardo G Martins, David A Patterson, Anthony P Farrell, D Robichaud, Graham D Raby, Michael R Donaldson, Andrew G Lotto, William G Willmore, Scott G. HinchAbstract:AbstractWe sought to improve the understanding of delayed mortality in migrating sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) captured and released in freshwater fisheries. Using Biotelemetry, blood physiology, and reflex assessments, we evaluated the relative roles of gill net injury and air exposure and investigated whether using a recovery box improved survival. Fish (), captured by beach seine, were allocated to four treatment groups: captured only, air exposed, injured, and injured and air exposed. Only half of the fish in each group were provided with a 15-min facilitated recovery. After treatment, fish were radio-tagged and released to resume their migration. Blood status was assessed in 36 additional untagged fish sampled after the four treatments. Compared with fish sampled immediately on capture, all treatments resulted in elevated plasma lactate and cortisol concentrations. After air exposure, plasma osmolality was elevated and reflexes were significantly impaired relative to the control and injured tre...
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simultaneous biologging of heart rate and acceleration and their relationships with energy expenditure in free swimming sockeye salmon oncorhynchus nerka
Journal of Comparative Physiology B-biochemical Systemic and Environmental Physiology, 2010Co-Authors: Timothy Clark, Scott G. Hinch, Erik Sandblom, David A Patterson, Peter B Frappell, Anthony P FarrellAbstract:Monitoring the physiological status and behaviour of free-swimming fishes remains a challenging task, although great promise stems from techniques such as biologging and Biotelemetry. Here, implanted data loggers were used to simultaneously measure heart rate (fH), visceral temperature, and a derivation of acceleration in two groups of wild adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) held at two different water speeds (slow and fast). Calibration experiments performed with individual fish in a swim tunnel respirometer generated strong relationships between acceleration, fH, tail beat frequency and energy expenditure over a wide range of swimming velocities. The regression equations were then used to estimate the overall energy expenditure of the groups of fish held at different water speeds. As expected, fish held at faster water speeds exhibited greater fH and acceleration, and correspondingly a higher estimated energy expenditure than fish held at slower water speeds. These estimates were consistent with gross somatic energy density of fish at death, as determined using proximate analyses of a dorsal tissue sample. Heart rate alone and in combination with acceleration, rather than acceleration alone, provided the most accurate proxies for energy expenditure in these studies. Even so, acceleration provided useful information on the behaviour of fish and may itself prove to be a valuable proxy for energy expenditure under different environmental conditions, using a different derivation of the acceleration data, and/or with further calibration experiments. These results strengthen the possibility that biologging or Biotelemetry of fH and acceleration may be usefully applied to migrating sockeye salmon to monitor physiology and behaviour, and to estimate energy use in the natural environment.