The Experts below are selected from a list of 22284 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Hafez M. Hafez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Use of polymerase chain reactions to detect Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma imitans, Mycoplasma iowae, Mycoplasma meleagridis and Mycoplasma synoviae in Birds of Prey.
    Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A, 2008
    Co-Authors: Michael Lierz, Doerte Lueschow, N. Hagen, Hafez M. Hafez
    Abstract:

    Certain Mycoplasma spp. are pathogens of poultry, but little is known of the role of mycoplasmas in disease of Birds of Prey. Species-specific polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) for the detection of the poultry pathogens Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma imitans, Mycoplasma iowae, Mycoplasma meleagridis and Mycoplasma synoviae were therefore evaluated for use in Birds of Prey. The specificities of the PCR methods were established using avian and other mycoplasmas and also selected walled bacteria. The sensitivities of the different PCR assays varied between 100 fg and 10 pg DNA. Fifty-three tracheal swabs from healthy captive and free-ranging Birds of Prey were then investigated using these PCRs, and in no case was an amplicon obtained for M. gallisepticum/M. imitans, M. iowae or M. synoviae. Species-specific primers for M. meleagridis amplified a product from eight Birds of Prey but restriction enzyme analysis as well as sequencing of PCR products demonstrated these results to be false positives. Alignment studies of the sequenced products with the 16S rRNA gene sequence of various Mycoplasma species in GenBank demonstrated an identity of 91% to M. meleagridis but of 98% to Mycoplasma buteonis or Mycoplasma gallopavonis. Isolation and attempted identification of these mycoplasmas suggested it may be a previously unrecognized species.

  • use of polymerase chain reactions to detect mycoplasma gallisepticum mycoplasma imitans mycoplasma iowae mycoplasma meleagridis and mycoplasma synoviae in Birds of Prey
    Avian Pathology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Michael Lierz, Doerte Lueschow, N. Hagen, Hafez M. Hafez
    Abstract:

    Certain Mycoplasma spp. are pathogens of poultry, but little is known of the role of mycoplasmas in disease of Birds of Prey. Species-specific polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) for the detection of the poultry pathogens Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma imitans, Mycoplasma iowae, Mycoplasma meleagridis and Mycoplasma synoviae were therefore evaluated for use in Birds of Prey. The specificities of the PCR methods were established using avian and other mycoplasmas and also selected walled bacteria. The sensitivities of the different PCR assays varied between 100 fg and 10 pg DNA. Fifty-three tracheal swabs from healthy captive and free-ranging Birds of Prey were then investigated using these PCRs, and in no case was an amplicon obtained for M. gallisepticum/M. imitans, M. iowae or M. synoviae. Species-specific primers for M. meleagridis amplified a product from eight Birds of Prey but restriction enzyme analysis as well as sequencing of PCR products demonstrated these results to be false positives. Align...

  • Species-Specific Polymerase Chain Reactions for the Detection of Mycoplasma buteonis, Mycoplasma flconis, Mycoplasma gypis, and Mycoplasma corogypsi in Captive Birds of Prey
    Avian Diseases, 2008
    Co-Authors: Michael Lierz, A Nils Hagen, Doerte Lueschow, Hafez M. Hafez
    Abstract:

    Mycoplasmas are pathogens of different avian species, but the role of Mycoplasma in raptors is not yet completely determined. As Mycoplasma isolation and identification present several difficulties, species-specific polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) for the detection of mycoplasmas found in Birds of Prey (Mycoplasma buteonis, Mycoplasma corogypsi, Mycoplasma falconis, and Mycoplasma gypis) were established. The specificity of the PCR methods were investigated using known avian Mycoplasma reference strains and isolates as well as related bacteria and was found to be specific. Amplificons obtained with these PCRs from field samples showed no false-positive results in restriction enzyme analysis and sequencing. The sensitivities of the different PCR assays varied between 50 fg and 1 pg DNA. Twenty-five tracheal swabs from healthy captive Birds of Prey were investigated by culture and immunobinding assay as comparison to the PCRs. Mycoplasmal DNA was detected in 88% of the samples, with negative results only from vultures. Mycoplasma falconis and M. buteonis were regularly found in falcons, and M. gypis was found in a common buzzard. Mycoplasma corogypsi was not demonstrated. Several isolates could not be differentiated using an immunobinding assay as well as the described PCR methods.

  • Occurrence of mycoplasmas in free-ranging Birds of Prey in Germany.
    Journal of wildlife diseases, 2008
    Co-Authors: Michael Lierz, N. Hagen, S. J. Hernadez-divers, Hafez M. Hafez
    Abstract:

    Mycoplasmas are well-known avian pathogens of poultry and some passerines. Although reported in Birds of Prey, their role as pathogens is still unclear. Healthy, free-ranging raptor nestlings sampled during a routine ringing (banding) program, and Birds of Prey from rehabilitation centers, tested positive for Mycoplasma spp. by culture and a genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Given the lack of clinical signs and disease, we suggest that mycoplasmas in raptors may be commensal rather than pathogenic. Using immunobinding assay and species-specific PCR tests, Mycoplasma buteonis, M. falconis, and M. gypis were identified; M. falconis was only detected in falcons. Additionally, some isolates could not be identified. This is the first report of Mycoplasma spp. isolations from Western Marsh Harriers (Circus aeroginosus), a Eurasian Hobby (Falco subbuteo), and a Barn Owl (Tyto alba).

Beatrix Kapusinszky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ljungan sebokele like picornavirus in Birds of Prey common kestrel falco tinnunculus and red footed falcon f vespertinus
    Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2017
    Co-Authors: Peter Pankovics, Robert Matics, Beatrix Kapusinszky, Akos Boros, Eric Delwart, Gabor Reuter
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ljungan and Sebokele viruses are thought to be rodent-borne (picorna)viruses in the genus Parechovirus . Using random amplification and next generation sequencing method a novel Ljungan/Sebokele-like picornavirus was identified in Birds of Prey. Viral RNA was detected in total of 1 (9%) of the 11 and 2 (28.6%) of the 7 faecal samples from common kestrels and red-footed falcons in Hungary, respectively. High faecal viral RNA load (4.77 × 10 6 genomic copies/ml) measured by qPCR. The complete genome of picornavirus strain falcon/HA18_080/2014/HUN (KY645497) is 7964-nucleotide (nt) long including a 867-nt 5'end and a 101-nt 3'end (excluding the poly(A)-tail). Falcon/HA18_080/2014/HUN has type-II IRES related to hunnivirus IRES, encodes a polyprotein lacking a leader protein, a VP0 maturation cleavage site and it predicted to encode three 2A proteins (2A 1 NPG↓P , 2A 2 NPG↓P and 2A 3 H-Box/NC ), two of them end with ‘ribosome-skipping’ sites (DxExNPG ↓ P). Sequence analyses indicated that the ORF1 (6996 nt) polyprotein (2331 amino acid - aa) of falcon/HA18_080/2014/HUN shares the highest aa identity, 59% and 57%, to the corresponding polyproteins of Ljungan and Sebokele viruses. This study reports the identification and complete genome characterization of a novel Ljungan/Sebokele-like picornavirus in faeces of Birds of Prey which suggests that the genetic diversity and the potential host species spectrum of Ljungan/Sebokele-like viruses in genus Parechovirus are wider than previously thought.

  • divergent hepatitis e virus in Birds of Prey common kestrel falco tinnunculus and red footed falcon f vespertinus hungary
    Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2016
    Co-Authors: Robert Matics, Beatrix Kapusinszky
    Abstract:

    Abstract Hepatitis E virus (HEV), family Hepeviridae, has raised considerable public health concerns because of its zoonotic potential; however, the animal to animal transmissions and the natural chain of hepevirus infections in wildlife are less known. Using random amplification and next generation sequencing technology a novel HEV in Birds of Prey was serendipitously identified in Hungary. HEV RNA was detected in total of 2 (18%) of the 11 and 1 (14%) of the 7 faecal samples from common kestrels and red-footed falcons, respectively. High faecal viral load (2.03 × 108 genomic copies/ml) measured by qPCR. The complete genome of strain kestrel/MR22/2014/HUN (KU670940) HEV is 7033-nt long including a 35-nt 5'end and a 63-nt 3'end (excluding the poly(A)-tail). Sequence analyses indicated that the ORF1 (4920 nt/639 aa), ORF2 (1989 nt/662 aa) and ORF3 (360 nt/119aa) proteins of kestrel/MR22/2014/HUN shared the highest identity (58.1%, 66.8% and 28.5%) to the corresponding proteins of ferret, rat and human genotype 4 Orthohepeviruses, respectively. Interestingly, the ORF3 protein is potentially initiated with leucine (L) using an alternate, non-AUG (UUG) start codon. This study reports the identification and complete genome characterization of a novel Orthohepevirus species related to mammalian HEVs in Birds of Prey. It is important to recognize all potential hosts, reservoirs and spreaders in nature and to reconstruct the phylogenetic history of hepeviruses.

  • divergent hepatitis e virus in Birds of Prey common kestrel falco tinnunculus and red footed falcon f vespertinus hungary
    Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2016
    Co-Authors: Gabor Reuter, Robert Matics, Beatrix Kapusinszky, Akos Boros, Eric Delwart, Peter Pankovics
    Abstract:

    Abstract Hepatitis E virus (HEV), family Hepeviridae, has raised considerable public health concerns because of its zoonotic potential; however, the animal to animal transmissions and the natural chain of hepevirus infections in wildlife are less known. Using random amplification and next generation sequencing technology a novel HEV in Birds of Prey was serendipitously identified in Hungary. HEV RNA was detected in total of 2 (18%) of the 11 and 1 (14%) of the 7 faecal samples from common kestrels and red-footed falcons, respectively. High faecal viral load (2.03 × 108 genomic copies/ml) measured by qPCR. The complete genome of strain kestrel/MR22/2014/HUN (KU670940) HEV is 7033-nt long including a 35-nt 5'end and a 63-nt 3'end (excluding the poly(A)-tail). Sequence analyses indicated that the ORF1 (4920 nt/639 aa), ORF2 (1989 nt/662 aa) and ORF3 (360 nt/119aa) proteins of kestrel/MR22/2014/HUN shared the highest identity (58.1%, 66.8% and 28.5%) to the corresponding proteins of ferret, rat and human genotype 4 Orthohepeviruses, respectively. Interestingly, the ORF3 protein is potentially initiated with leucine (L) using an alternate, non-AUG (UUG) start codon. This study reports the identification and complete genome characterization of a novel Orthohepevirus species related to mammalian HEVs in Birds of Prey. It is important to recognize all potential hosts, reservoirs and spreaders in nature and to reconstruct the phylogenetic history of hepeviruses.

Michael Lierz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Use of polymerase chain reactions to detect Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma imitans, Mycoplasma iowae, Mycoplasma meleagridis and Mycoplasma synoviae in Birds of Prey.
    Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A, 2008
    Co-Authors: Michael Lierz, Doerte Lueschow, N. Hagen, Hafez M. Hafez
    Abstract:

    Certain Mycoplasma spp. are pathogens of poultry, but little is known of the role of mycoplasmas in disease of Birds of Prey. Species-specific polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) for the detection of the poultry pathogens Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma imitans, Mycoplasma iowae, Mycoplasma meleagridis and Mycoplasma synoviae were therefore evaluated for use in Birds of Prey. The specificities of the PCR methods were established using avian and other mycoplasmas and also selected walled bacteria. The sensitivities of the different PCR assays varied between 100 fg and 10 pg DNA. Fifty-three tracheal swabs from healthy captive and free-ranging Birds of Prey were then investigated using these PCRs, and in no case was an amplicon obtained for M. gallisepticum/M. imitans, M. iowae or M. synoviae. Species-specific primers for M. meleagridis amplified a product from eight Birds of Prey but restriction enzyme analysis as well as sequencing of PCR products demonstrated these results to be false positives. Alignment studies of the sequenced products with the 16S rRNA gene sequence of various Mycoplasma species in GenBank demonstrated an identity of 91% to M. meleagridis but of 98% to Mycoplasma buteonis or Mycoplasma gallopavonis. Isolation and attempted identification of these mycoplasmas suggested it may be a previously unrecognized species.

  • use of polymerase chain reactions to detect mycoplasma gallisepticum mycoplasma imitans mycoplasma iowae mycoplasma meleagridis and mycoplasma synoviae in Birds of Prey
    Avian Pathology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Michael Lierz, Doerte Lueschow, N. Hagen, Hafez M. Hafez
    Abstract:

    Certain Mycoplasma spp. are pathogens of poultry, but little is known of the role of mycoplasmas in disease of Birds of Prey. Species-specific polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) for the detection of the poultry pathogens Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma imitans, Mycoplasma iowae, Mycoplasma meleagridis and Mycoplasma synoviae were therefore evaluated for use in Birds of Prey. The specificities of the PCR methods were established using avian and other mycoplasmas and also selected walled bacteria. The sensitivities of the different PCR assays varied between 100 fg and 10 pg DNA. Fifty-three tracheal swabs from healthy captive and free-ranging Birds of Prey were then investigated using these PCRs, and in no case was an amplicon obtained for M. gallisepticum/M. imitans, M. iowae or M. synoviae. Species-specific primers for M. meleagridis amplified a product from eight Birds of Prey but restriction enzyme analysis as well as sequencing of PCR products demonstrated these results to be false positives. Align...

  • Species-Specific Polymerase Chain Reactions for the Detection of Mycoplasma buteonis, Mycoplasma flconis, Mycoplasma gypis, and Mycoplasma corogypsi in Captive Birds of Prey
    Avian Diseases, 2008
    Co-Authors: Michael Lierz, A Nils Hagen, Doerte Lueschow, Hafez M. Hafez
    Abstract:

    Mycoplasmas are pathogens of different avian species, but the role of Mycoplasma in raptors is not yet completely determined. As Mycoplasma isolation and identification present several difficulties, species-specific polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) for the detection of mycoplasmas found in Birds of Prey (Mycoplasma buteonis, Mycoplasma corogypsi, Mycoplasma falconis, and Mycoplasma gypis) were established. The specificity of the PCR methods were investigated using known avian Mycoplasma reference strains and isolates as well as related bacteria and was found to be specific. Amplificons obtained with these PCRs from field samples showed no false-positive results in restriction enzyme analysis and sequencing. The sensitivities of the different PCR assays varied between 50 fg and 1 pg DNA. Twenty-five tracheal swabs from healthy captive Birds of Prey were investigated by culture and immunobinding assay as comparison to the PCRs. Mycoplasmal DNA was detected in 88% of the samples, with negative results only from vultures. Mycoplasma falconis and M. buteonis were regularly found in falcons, and M. gypis was found in a common buzzard. Mycoplasma corogypsi was not demonstrated. Several isolates could not be differentiated using an immunobinding assay as well as the described PCR methods.

  • Occurrence of mycoplasmas in free-ranging Birds of Prey in Germany.
    Journal of wildlife diseases, 2008
    Co-Authors: Michael Lierz, N. Hagen, S. J. Hernadez-divers, Hafez M. Hafez
    Abstract:

    Mycoplasmas are well-known avian pathogens of poultry and some passerines. Although reported in Birds of Prey, their role as pathogens is still unclear. Healthy, free-ranging raptor nestlings sampled during a routine ringing (banding) program, and Birds of Prey from rehabilitation centers, tested positive for Mycoplasma spp. by culture and a genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Given the lack of clinical signs and disease, we suggest that mycoplasmas in raptors may be commensal rather than pathogenic. Using immunobinding assay and species-specific PCR tests, Mycoplasma buteonis, M. falconis, and M. gypis were identified; M. falconis was only detected in falcons. Additionally, some isolates could not be identified. This is the first report of Mycoplasma spp. isolations from Western Marsh Harriers (Circus aeroginosus), a Eurasian Hobby (Falco subbuteo), and a Barn Owl (Tyto alba).

Eric Delwart - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ljungan sebokele like picornavirus in Birds of Prey common kestrel falco tinnunculus and red footed falcon f vespertinus
    Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2017
    Co-Authors: Peter Pankovics, Robert Matics, Beatrix Kapusinszky, Akos Boros, Eric Delwart, Gabor Reuter
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ljungan and Sebokele viruses are thought to be rodent-borne (picorna)viruses in the genus Parechovirus . Using random amplification and next generation sequencing method a novel Ljungan/Sebokele-like picornavirus was identified in Birds of Prey. Viral RNA was detected in total of 1 (9%) of the 11 and 2 (28.6%) of the 7 faecal samples from common kestrels and red-footed falcons in Hungary, respectively. High faecal viral RNA load (4.77 × 10 6 genomic copies/ml) measured by qPCR. The complete genome of picornavirus strain falcon/HA18_080/2014/HUN (KY645497) is 7964-nucleotide (nt) long including a 867-nt 5'end and a 101-nt 3'end (excluding the poly(A)-tail). Falcon/HA18_080/2014/HUN has type-II IRES related to hunnivirus IRES, encodes a polyprotein lacking a leader protein, a VP0 maturation cleavage site and it predicted to encode three 2A proteins (2A 1 NPG↓P , 2A 2 NPG↓P and 2A 3 H-Box/NC ), two of them end with ‘ribosome-skipping’ sites (DxExNPG ↓ P). Sequence analyses indicated that the ORF1 (6996 nt) polyprotein (2331 amino acid - aa) of falcon/HA18_080/2014/HUN shares the highest aa identity, 59% and 57%, to the corresponding polyproteins of Ljungan and Sebokele viruses. This study reports the identification and complete genome characterization of a novel Ljungan/Sebokele-like picornavirus in faeces of Birds of Prey which suggests that the genetic diversity and the potential host species spectrum of Ljungan/Sebokele-like viruses in genus Parechovirus are wider than previously thought.

  • divergent hepatitis e virus in Birds of Prey common kestrel falco tinnunculus and red footed falcon f vespertinus hungary
    Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2016
    Co-Authors: Gabor Reuter, Robert Matics, Beatrix Kapusinszky, Akos Boros, Eric Delwart, Peter Pankovics
    Abstract:

    Abstract Hepatitis E virus (HEV), family Hepeviridae, has raised considerable public health concerns because of its zoonotic potential; however, the animal to animal transmissions and the natural chain of hepevirus infections in wildlife are less known. Using random amplification and next generation sequencing technology a novel HEV in Birds of Prey was serendipitously identified in Hungary. HEV RNA was detected in total of 2 (18%) of the 11 and 1 (14%) of the 7 faecal samples from common kestrels and red-footed falcons, respectively. High faecal viral load (2.03 × 108 genomic copies/ml) measured by qPCR. The complete genome of strain kestrel/MR22/2014/HUN (KU670940) HEV is 7033-nt long including a 35-nt 5'end and a 63-nt 3'end (excluding the poly(A)-tail). Sequence analyses indicated that the ORF1 (4920 nt/639 aa), ORF2 (1989 nt/662 aa) and ORF3 (360 nt/119aa) proteins of kestrel/MR22/2014/HUN shared the highest identity (58.1%, 66.8% and 28.5%) to the corresponding proteins of ferret, rat and human genotype 4 Orthohepeviruses, respectively. Interestingly, the ORF3 protein is potentially initiated with leucine (L) using an alternate, non-AUG (UUG) start codon. This study reports the identification and complete genome characterization of a novel Orthohepevirus species related to mammalian HEVs in Birds of Prey. It is important to recognize all potential hosts, reservoirs and spreaders in nature and to reconstruct the phylogenetic history of hepeviruses.

Peter Pankovics - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ljungan sebokele like picornavirus in Birds of Prey common kestrel falco tinnunculus and red footed falcon f vespertinus
    Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2017
    Co-Authors: Peter Pankovics, Robert Matics, Beatrix Kapusinszky, Akos Boros, Eric Delwart, Gabor Reuter
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ljungan and Sebokele viruses are thought to be rodent-borne (picorna)viruses in the genus Parechovirus . Using random amplification and next generation sequencing method a novel Ljungan/Sebokele-like picornavirus was identified in Birds of Prey. Viral RNA was detected in total of 1 (9%) of the 11 and 2 (28.6%) of the 7 faecal samples from common kestrels and red-footed falcons in Hungary, respectively. High faecal viral RNA load (4.77 × 10 6 genomic copies/ml) measured by qPCR. The complete genome of picornavirus strain falcon/HA18_080/2014/HUN (KY645497) is 7964-nucleotide (nt) long including a 867-nt 5'end and a 101-nt 3'end (excluding the poly(A)-tail). Falcon/HA18_080/2014/HUN has type-II IRES related to hunnivirus IRES, encodes a polyprotein lacking a leader protein, a VP0 maturation cleavage site and it predicted to encode three 2A proteins (2A 1 NPG↓P , 2A 2 NPG↓P and 2A 3 H-Box/NC ), two of them end with ‘ribosome-skipping’ sites (DxExNPG ↓ P). Sequence analyses indicated that the ORF1 (6996 nt) polyprotein (2331 amino acid - aa) of falcon/HA18_080/2014/HUN shares the highest aa identity, 59% and 57%, to the corresponding polyproteins of Ljungan and Sebokele viruses. This study reports the identification and complete genome characterization of a novel Ljungan/Sebokele-like picornavirus in faeces of Birds of Prey which suggests that the genetic diversity and the potential host species spectrum of Ljungan/Sebokele-like viruses in genus Parechovirus are wider than previously thought.

  • divergent hepatitis e virus in Birds of Prey common kestrel falco tinnunculus and red footed falcon f vespertinus hungary
    Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2016
    Co-Authors: Gabor Reuter, Robert Matics, Beatrix Kapusinszky, Akos Boros, Eric Delwart, Peter Pankovics
    Abstract:

    Abstract Hepatitis E virus (HEV), family Hepeviridae, has raised considerable public health concerns because of its zoonotic potential; however, the animal to animal transmissions and the natural chain of hepevirus infections in wildlife are less known. Using random amplification and next generation sequencing technology a novel HEV in Birds of Prey was serendipitously identified in Hungary. HEV RNA was detected in total of 2 (18%) of the 11 and 1 (14%) of the 7 faecal samples from common kestrels and red-footed falcons, respectively. High faecal viral load (2.03 × 108 genomic copies/ml) measured by qPCR. The complete genome of strain kestrel/MR22/2014/HUN (KU670940) HEV is 7033-nt long including a 35-nt 5'end and a 63-nt 3'end (excluding the poly(A)-tail). Sequence analyses indicated that the ORF1 (4920 nt/639 aa), ORF2 (1989 nt/662 aa) and ORF3 (360 nt/119aa) proteins of kestrel/MR22/2014/HUN shared the highest identity (58.1%, 66.8% and 28.5%) to the corresponding proteins of ferret, rat and human genotype 4 Orthohepeviruses, respectively. Interestingly, the ORF3 protein is potentially initiated with leucine (L) using an alternate, non-AUG (UUG) start codon. This study reports the identification and complete genome characterization of a novel Orthohepevirus species related to mammalian HEVs in Birds of Prey. It is important to recognize all potential hosts, reservoirs and spreaders in nature and to reconstruct the phylogenetic history of hepeviruses.