The Experts below are selected from a list of 297 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Carl R Larsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seminal vesicle cyst with ipsilateral renal agenesis
American Journal of Roentgenology, 2000Co-Authors: Linda Livingston, Carl R LarsenAbstract:OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to review the clinical symptoms and imaging features of a seminal vesicle cyst associated with renal agenesis.CONCLUSION. Patients with seminal vesicle cysts associated with renal agenesis may present with symptoms of Bladder Irritation or obstruction and with an abdominal or pelvic mass revealed on physical examination. Differentiation of a seminal vesicle cyst from other pelvic cystic masses may be determined with a spectrum of imaging techniques including excretory urography, sonography, CT, and MR imaging.
Linda Livingston - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seminal vesicle cyst with ipsilateral renal agenesis
American Journal of Roentgenology, 2000Co-Authors: Linda Livingston, Carl R LarsenAbstract:OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to review the clinical symptoms and imaging features of a seminal vesicle cyst associated with renal agenesis.CONCLUSION. Patients with seminal vesicle cysts associated with renal agenesis may present with symptoms of Bladder Irritation or obstruction and with an abdominal or pelvic mass revealed on physical examination. Differentiation of a seminal vesicle cyst from other pelvic cystic masses may be determined with a spectrum of imaging techniques including excretory urography, sonography, CT, and MR imaging.
Naoki Yoshimura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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muscarinic receptor activation in the lumbosacral spinal cord ameliorates Bladder Irritation in rat cystitis models
BJUI, 2009Co-Authors: William C De Groat, Hitoshi Masuda, Nobutaka Ichiyanagi, Minato Yokoyama, Yasuyuki Sakai, Kazunori Kihara, M.b. Chancellor, Naoki YoshimuraAbstract:OBJECTIVE To investigate whether activation of spinal cholinergic pathways affects Bladder activity in rats with chemical cystitis induced by acetic acid (AA) and cyclophosphamide (CYP). MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of intrathecal (i.t.) application of neostigmine as an acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitor, oxotremorine-M (OXO-M) as a muscarinic ACh receptor (mAChR) agonist or epibatidine as a nicotinic AChR (nACHR) agonist with or without atropine as a mAChR antagonist or mecamylamine (MEC) as a nAChR antagonist at the level of L6-S1 spinal cord on C-fibre mediated Bladder Irritation were examined by using continuous-infusion cystometry (0.1 mL/min) in urethane-anaesthetized female Spraque-Dawley rats. Bladder Irritation was induced by intravesical AA (0.25%) or pretreatment with intraperitoneal injection of CYP (150 mg/kg) 24 h before cystometry. In control rats during intravesical saline, the effects of above drugs on the Bladder activity were also examined. RESULTS The intercontraction intervals (ICI) in AA- and CYP-treated rats were significantly shorter than those in control rats. Neostigmine (i.t.) significantly increased ICI dose-dependently without changing maximum voiding pressure in all groups. The mean (sem) maximal percentage increases in ICI after i.t. neostigmine as compared with the pretreatment value in control, AA- and CYP-treated rats were 93.2 (18.5)%, 117.5 (20.2)% and 200.7 (19.6)%, respectively. The percentage increases of ICI in the CYP-treated group were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those in the AA-treated or control groups. In all groups, pretreatment with atropine, but not MEC, almost completely antagonized the inhibitory effects of neostigmine. OXO-M produced almost the same effects as that of neostigmine in all groups. Conversely, i.t. epibatidine decreased the ICI in all groups and these excitatory effects were completely antagonized by pretreatment with MEC and significantly inhibited by pretreatment with MK-801(noncompetitive n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that accumulation of ACh by AChE inhibition in the spinal cord can ameliorate frequent urination in chemical cystitis via mAChRs, but not nAChRs.
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Muscarinic receptor activation in the lumbosacral spinal cord ameliorates Bladder Irritation in rat cystitis models.
BJU international, 2009Co-Authors: Hitoshi Masuda, William C De Groat, Nobutaka Ichiyanagi, Minato Yokoyama, Yasuyuki Sakai, Kazunori Kihara, M.b. Chancellor, Naoki YoshimuraAbstract:OBJECTIVE To investigate whether activation of spinal cholinergic pathways affects Bladder activity in rats with chemical cystitis induced by acetic acid (AA) and cyclophosphamide (CYP). MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of intrathecal (i.t.) application of neostigmine as an acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitor, oxotremorine-M (OXO-M) as a muscarinic ACh receptor (mAChR) agonist or epibatidine as a nicotinic AChR (nACHR) agonist with or without atropine as a mAChR antagonist or mecamylamine (MEC) as a nAChR antagonist at the level of L6-S1 spinal cord on C-fibre mediated Bladder Irritation were examined by using continuous-infusion cystometry (0.1 mL/min) in urethane-anaesthetized female Spraque-Dawley rats. Bladder Irritation was induced by intravesical AA (0.25%) or pretreatment with intraperitoneal injection of CYP (150 mg/kg) 24 h before cystometry. In control rats during intravesical saline, the effects of above drugs on the Bladder activity were also examined. RESULTS The intercontraction intervals (ICI) in AA- and CYP-treated rats were significantly shorter than those in control rats. Neostigmine (i.t.) significantly increased ICI dose-dependently without changing maximum voiding pressure in all groups. The mean (sem) maximal percentage increases in ICI after i.t. neostigmine as compared with the pretreatment value in control, AA- and CYP-treated rats were 93.2 (18.5)%, 117.5 (20.2)% and 200.7 (19.6)%, respectively. The percentage increases of ICI in the CYP-treated group were significantly (P
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INSTILLATION OF SELECTIVE CB2 AGONIST PROTECTS AGAINST Bladder Irritation
The Journal of Urology, 2008Co-Authors: Vikas Tyagi, Naoki Yoshimura, Michael B Chancellor, Pradeep TyagiAbstract:1022 INSTILLATION OF SELECTIVE CB2 AGONIST PROTECTS AGAINST Bladder Irritation Vikas Tyagi*, Naoki Yoshimura, Michael B Chancellor, Pradeep Tyagi. Pittsburgh, PA. INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: This study was 2 receptors in Bladder for a safe and effective treatment of painful Bladder syndrome PBS or interstitial cystitis IC. Previous studies have shown that NGF induced hyperalgesia in Bladder can be attenuated with systemically administered endocannabinoids that act non-selectively on both CB1 and CB2 receptors (Jaggar, et al., 1998). In present study, we wanted to delineate the role of CB2 receptors in Bladder pain by assesing the effect of their selective activation with intravesically administered CB2 agonist GP1a (N-(Piperidin-1-yl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-6
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Proteomic investigation on chronic Bladder Irritation in the rat.
Urology, 2008Co-Authors: Pradeep Tyagi, Naoki Yoshimura, Michael B Chancellor, Yukio Hayashi, Xuan Chen, Fernando De MiguelAbstract:Objectives Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a painful Bladder syndrome associated with urinary frequency and urgency. Elusive cause of IC makes its diagnosis only possible by exclusion in many cases. In this study, we used proteomics for identifying disease-associated proteins in a rat model of chronic Bladder Irritation. Methods Chronic Irritation of the rat Bladder was caused by a brief (90 seconds) intravesical instillation of 0.2 mL of 0.4 N HCl. Whole Bladders were collected at different time points after treatment, snap frozen, and nuclear and cytosolic protein extracts were obtained. Samples were resolved in standard 2-dimensional (2D) gels stained with an improved Coomasie stain or by differential gel electrophoresis (DIGE). Differentially expressed spots were excised and identified by MALDI-TOF MS/MS. Histologic and Western blot analyses were also performed. Results Bladder morphology and histologic appearance of Bladder sections after HCl treatment reflected hemorrhage, edema, epithelial denudation, detrusor mastocytosis, and eosinophilia. Proteomic analysis of irritated rat Bladder revealed marked overexpression of 4 nuclear proteins and marked underexpression of 1 nuclear protein compared with normal rat Bladders. Among these proteins, inflammation-associated calgranulin A (over) and smooth muscle protein-22/transgelin (under) showed opposed expression patterns after Bladder Irritation. Conclusions Presence of mast cells and eosinophils and overexpression of calgranulin A confirm the inflammatory component of HCl-irritated Bladder. Altered expression of nuclear proteins is of particular interest because of their possible role as a prognostic marker in inflammatory Bladder disorders. However, more studies are needed before clinical application of these findings can be established.
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Activity of different phospholipids in attenuating hyperactivity in Bladder Irritation
BJU international, 2007Co-Authors: Pradeep Tyagi, Naoki Yoshimura, Michael B Chancellor, Leaf HuangAbstract:OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of liposomes prepared from various natural and synthetic lipids in a rat Bladder injury model in the absence or the presence of cholesterol and to elucidate the key structural elements necessary for the efficacy of liposomes required for alleviating Bladder hyperactivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The intravesical pressure was recorded using a transurethral catheter in adult female Sprague-Dawley rats anaesthetized with urethane (1.0 g/kg subcutaneously). Continuous cystometrograms (CMGs) were obtained by slowly filling the Bladder with solutions of varying compositions after obtaining a baseline CMG with saline. Rat urothelium was injured with protamine sulphate (PS) and irritated by subsequent infusion of KCl (500 mm) for 1 h. Thereafter, liposomes prepared in KCl using several natural and synthetic phospholipids were infused for 2 h. The percentage reduction in Bladder contraction frequency (BCF) was used as a comparative variable for judging the activity of different phospholipids. RESULTS Exposure of rat Bladder to sequential infusion of PS and KCl increased its BCF and empty liposomes of uncharged zwitterionic phospholipids markedly attenuated the PS-induced Irritation and decreased the raised BCF. But empty liposomes prepared with either cationic or anionic charged lipids were not able to achieve the same effect. Addition of cholesterol did not significantly increase their efficacy. Optimal efficacy of liposomes was achieved with phosphatidylcholines with longer acyl chains and saturation in only one of the two acyl chains. CONCLUSIONS These in vivo studies show that phospholipids attenuate the Bladder Irritation from KCl after PS-induced Bladder injury.
William C De Groat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sympathetic afferents in the hypogastric nerve facilitate nociceptive Bladder activity in cats.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2019Co-Authors: Yan Zhang, Todd Yecies, Tara Nikonow Morgan, Haotian Cai, Natalie Pace, Bing Shen, Jicheng Wang, James R. Roppolo, William C De GroatAbstract:This study in α-chloralose-anesthetized cats revealed a role of hypogastric nerve afferent axons in nociceptive Bladder activity induced by Bladder Irritation using 0.25% acetic acid (AA). In cats ...
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muscarinic receptor activation in the lumbosacral spinal cord ameliorates Bladder Irritation in rat cystitis models
BJUI, 2009Co-Authors: William C De Groat, Hitoshi Masuda, Nobutaka Ichiyanagi, Minato Yokoyama, Yasuyuki Sakai, Kazunori Kihara, M.b. Chancellor, Naoki YoshimuraAbstract:OBJECTIVE To investigate whether activation of spinal cholinergic pathways affects Bladder activity in rats with chemical cystitis induced by acetic acid (AA) and cyclophosphamide (CYP). MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of intrathecal (i.t.) application of neostigmine as an acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitor, oxotremorine-M (OXO-M) as a muscarinic ACh receptor (mAChR) agonist or epibatidine as a nicotinic AChR (nACHR) agonist with or without atropine as a mAChR antagonist or mecamylamine (MEC) as a nAChR antagonist at the level of L6-S1 spinal cord on C-fibre mediated Bladder Irritation were examined by using continuous-infusion cystometry (0.1 mL/min) in urethane-anaesthetized female Spraque-Dawley rats. Bladder Irritation was induced by intravesical AA (0.25%) or pretreatment with intraperitoneal injection of CYP (150 mg/kg) 24 h before cystometry. In control rats during intravesical saline, the effects of above drugs on the Bladder activity were also examined. RESULTS The intercontraction intervals (ICI) in AA- and CYP-treated rats were significantly shorter than those in control rats. Neostigmine (i.t.) significantly increased ICI dose-dependently without changing maximum voiding pressure in all groups. The mean (sem) maximal percentage increases in ICI after i.t. neostigmine as compared with the pretreatment value in control, AA- and CYP-treated rats were 93.2 (18.5)%, 117.5 (20.2)% and 200.7 (19.6)%, respectively. The percentage increases of ICI in the CYP-treated group were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those in the AA-treated or control groups. In all groups, pretreatment with atropine, but not MEC, almost completely antagonized the inhibitory effects of neostigmine. OXO-M produced almost the same effects as that of neostigmine in all groups. Conversely, i.t. epibatidine decreased the ICI in all groups and these excitatory effects were completely antagonized by pretreatment with MEC and significantly inhibited by pretreatment with MK-801(noncompetitive n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that accumulation of ACh by AChE inhibition in the spinal cord can ameliorate frequent urination in chemical cystitis via mAChRs, but not nAChRs.
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Muscarinic receptor activation in the lumbosacral spinal cord ameliorates Bladder Irritation in rat cystitis models.
BJU international, 2009Co-Authors: Hitoshi Masuda, William C De Groat, Nobutaka Ichiyanagi, Minato Yokoyama, Yasuyuki Sakai, Kazunori Kihara, M.b. Chancellor, Naoki YoshimuraAbstract:OBJECTIVE To investigate whether activation of spinal cholinergic pathways affects Bladder activity in rats with chemical cystitis induced by acetic acid (AA) and cyclophosphamide (CYP). MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of intrathecal (i.t.) application of neostigmine as an acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitor, oxotremorine-M (OXO-M) as a muscarinic ACh receptor (mAChR) agonist or epibatidine as a nicotinic AChR (nACHR) agonist with or without atropine as a mAChR antagonist or mecamylamine (MEC) as a nAChR antagonist at the level of L6-S1 spinal cord on C-fibre mediated Bladder Irritation were examined by using continuous-infusion cystometry (0.1 mL/min) in urethane-anaesthetized female Spraque-Dawley rats. Bladder Irritation was induced by intravesical AA (0.25%) or pretreatment with intraperitoneal injection of CYP (150 mg/kg) 24 h before cystometry. In control rats during intravesical saline, the effects of above drugs on the Bladder activity were also examined. RESULTS The intercontraction intervals (ICI) in AA- and CYP-treated rats were significantly shorter than those in control rats. Neostigmine (i.t.) significantly increased ICI dose-dependently without changing maximum voiding pressure in all groups. The mean (sem) maximal percentage increases in ICI after i.t. neostigmine as compared with the pretreatment value in control, AA- and CYP-treated rats were 93.2 (18.5)%, 117.5 (20.2)% and 200.7 (19.6)%, respectively. The percentage increases of ICI in the CYP-treated group were significantly (P
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effects of isolectin b4 conjugated saporin a targeting cytotoxin on Bladder overactivity induced by Bladder Irritation
European Journal of Neuroscience, 2004Co-Authors: Jun Nishiguchi, Kristin A Erickson, Katsumi Sasaki, Hiromi Kumon, William C De Groat, Satoshi Seki, Michael B Chancellor, Naoki YoshimuraAbstract:: In order to clarify the functional role of the isolectin B4 (IB4)-binding afferent pathway in the micturition reflex, we investigated the effects on Bladder activity of intrathecal application of the IB4-saporin conjugate, a targeting cytotoxin that destroys neurons binding IB4. In rats, IB4-saporin (2.5 micro m) or vehicle was administered through an intrathecal catheter implanted at the level of the L6-S1 spinal cord. Three weeks after IB4-saporin administration, cystometry in conscious animals revealed a reduction in Bladder overactive responses induced by intravesical capsaicin or ATP infusion without affecting normal voiding function. In histochemical studies, double staining for IB4 and saporin was detected in L6 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons 2 days after the treatment. Three weeks after the treatment, the area in lamina II of the L6 spinal cord stained with IB4 was significantly reduced compared with the area stained in control rats. The staining in the L1 spinal cord was not affected. The percentage of neurons in the L6 DRG intensely labeled with IB4 was also reduced in IB4-saporin-treated rats. These results indicate that intrathecal treatment with the IB4-saporin conjugate at the level of L6-S1 spinal cord, which reduces IB4 afferent nerve terminal staining in lamina II of the L6 spinal cord as well as the number of IB4-binding neurons in L6 DRG, suppressed Bladder overactivity induced by Bladder Irritation without affecting normal micturition. Thus targeting IB4-binding, non-peptidergic afferent pathways sensitive to capsaicin and adenosine 5'-triphosphate may be an effective treatment for overactivity and/or pain responses in the Bladder.
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Increased expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in Bladder afferent pathways following chronic Bladder Irritation
The Journal of comparative neurology, 1996Co-Authors: Margaret A. Vizzard, Susan L. Erdman, William C De GroatAbstract:Immunocytochemical techniques were used to examine alterations in the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in Bladder pathways following acute and chronic Irritation of the urinary tract of the rat. Chemical cystitis was induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP) which is metabolized to acrolein, an irritant eliminated in the urine. Injection of CYP (n = 10, 75 mg/kg, i.p.) 2 hours prior to perfusion (acute treatment) of the animals increased Fos-immunoreactivity (IR) in neurons in the dorsal commissure, dorsal horn, and autonomic regions of spinal segments (L1-L2 and L6-S1) which receive afferent inputs from the Bladder, urethra, and ureter. Fos-IR in the spinal cord was not changed in rats receiving chronic CYP treatment (n = 15, 75 mg/kg, i.p., every 3rd day for 2 weeks). In control animals and in animals treated acutely with CYP, only small numbers of NOS-IR cells (0.5–0.7 cell profiles/sections) were detected in the L6-S1 dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Chronic CYP administration significantly (P ≤ .002) increased Bladder weight by 60% and increased (7- to 11-fold) the numbers of NOS-immunoreactive (IR) afferent neurons in the L6-S1 DRG. A small increase (1.5-fold) also occurred in the L1 DRG, but no change was detected in the L2 and L5 DRG. Bladder afferent cells in the L6-S1 DRG labeled by Fluorogold (40 μl) injected into the Bladder wall did not exhibit NOS-IR in control animals; however, following chronic CYP administration, a significant percentage of Bladder afferent neurons were NOS-IR: L6 (19.8 ± 4.6%) and S1 (25.3 ± 2.9%). These results indicate that neuronal gene expression in visceral sensory pathways can be upregulated by chemical Irritation of afferent receptors in the urinary tract and/or that pathological changes in the urinary tract can initiate chemical signals that alter the chemical properties of visceral afferent neurons. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Chuan Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of holmium laser resection versus standard transurethral resection on non-muscle-invasive Bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Lasers in medical science, 2020Co-Authors: Liang Gao, Jindong Zhang, Xiaokang Yang, Chuan LiuAbstract:To explore the advantages and limitations of holmium laser resection of the Bladder tumor (HOLRBT) versus standard transurethral resection of the Bladder tumor (TURBT) in the treatment of non-muscle-invasive Bladder cancer (NMIBC), the eligible studies were selected from the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase. Studies comparing HOLRBT and TURBT for patients with NMIBC were included. The outcomes of interest were time of operation, catheterization and hospitalization, rates of recurrence, and perioperative complications, including obturator nerve reflex, Bladder perforation, Bladder Irritation, and urethral stricture. Results of all data were compared and analyzed by Review Manager 5.3. A total of 9 comparative studies were finally included for this analysis. Pooled data demonstrated that HOLRBT significantly reduced the time to catheterization and hospitalization, the rate of recurrence in 2 years of follow-up, obturator nerve reflex, Bladder perforation, and Bladder Irritation, compared with those in TURBT, respectively. However, no significant difference found between HOLRBT and TURBT in the time of operation, rate of recurrence in 1-year follow-up, and urethral stricture. The results of this research reached that HOLRBT would be a better choice than TURBT for patients with NMIBC.
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The effect of holmium laser resection versus standard transurethral resection on non-muscle-invasive Bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2019Co-Authors: Liang Gao, Jindong Zhang, Xiaokang Yang, Chuan LiuAbstract:Abstract Purpose: To explore the advantages and limitations of holmium laser resection of the Bladder tumor (HOLRBT) versus standard transurethral resection of the Bladder tumor (TURBT) in the treatment of non-muscle-invasive Bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods: The eligible studies were selected from the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase. Studies comparing HOLRBT and TURBT for patients with NMIBC were included. The outcomes of interest were time of operation, catheterization, and hospitalization, rates of recurrence and perioperative complications, including obturator nerve reflex, Bladder perforation, Bladder Irritation and urethral stricture. Results of all data were compared and analyzed by Review Manager 5.3. Results: A total of 9 comparative studies were finally included for analysis. Pooled data demonstrated that HOLRBT could significantly reduce the time in catheterization and hospitalization, the rates of recurrence in 2 years of follow-up, obturator nerve reflex, Bladder perforation, Bladder Irritation compared with those in TURBT, respectively. However, no significant difference could be found between HOLRBT and TURBT in the time of operation, rate of recurrence at 1-year follow-up and urethral stricture. Conclusions: The results of our research showed that HOLRBT would be a better choice than TURBT for patients with NMIBC.