The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Chikara Ohtsuki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hydroxyapatite formation on oxidized cellulose nanofibers in a solution mimicking Body Fluid
Polymer Journal, 2015Co-Authors: Seira Morimunemoriya, Sakina Kondo, Ayae Sugawaranarutaki, Tatsuya Nishimura, Takashi Kato, Chikara OhtsukiAbstract:The effect of the content of carboxy groups in oxidized cellulose nanofiber (CeNF) on hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation capability in biomimetic processing using a solution mimicking human Body Fluid (simulated Body Fluid; SBF) was systematically investigated. Oxidized CeNF with different carboxy group contents (0–27% per glucose units of cellulose) were soaked in 1.5SBF, in which concentration was 1.5 times higher than that of SBF. It was found that there was optimum amount of carboxy groups for the effective induction of HAp nucleation on CeNF.
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coating bone like apatite onto organic substrates using solutions mimicking Body Fluid
Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 2007Co-Authors: Chikara Ohtsuki, Masanobu Kamitakahara, Toshiki MiyazakiAbstract:Bone-like apatite is a carbonated hydroxyapatite with a small crystallite and low crystallinity. The formation of a layer consisting of bone-like apatite is an essential condition for bioactive materials to achieve direct bonding with living bone. A bone-like apatite layer can be formed on the surface of organic substrates in a solution mimicking a Body Fluid when some functional groups are introduced to organic substrates. This process is a biomimetic process because a simulated Body Fluid and related solutions are used to deposit bone-like apatite crystals and promote crystal growth. Coating of bone-like apatite layers through biomimetic processes has received much attention in the fabrication of novel composites with bone-bonding properties, i.e. bioactivity, and mechanical properties analogous to those of living bone tissues. This paper reviews recent developments in coating with bone-like apatite layers using biomimetic processes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Apatite Formation Induced by Silica Gel in a Simulated Body Fluid
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1992Co-Authors: Chikara Ohtsuki, Tadashi Kokubo, Kazuki Nakanishi, Naohiro Soga, Takashi Nakamura, T. YamamuroAbstract:It has been confirmed that the essential condition for glasses and glass-ceramics to bond to living bone is the formation of an apatite layer on their surfaces in the Body. It has been proposed that a hydrated silica formed on the surfaces of these materials in the Body plays an important role in forming the surface apatite layer, but this has not yet been proved. In the present study, it is shown experimentally that a pure hydrated silica gel can induce apatite formation on its surface in a simulated Body Fluid when its starting pH is increased from 7.2 to 7.4.
Xavier Troussard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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original article performance evaluation of the Body Fluid mode on the platform sysmex xe 5000 series automated hematology analyzer
International Journal of Laboratory Hematology, 2010Co-Authors: A Paris, T Nhan, Edouard Cornet, J P Perol, M Malet, Xavier TroussardAbstract:Summary We evaluated the performance of the automated Body Fluid mode of the Sysmex XE-5000 series automated haematology analyzer and compared the performance of the automated method for obtaining white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC) counts and WBC differential counts with microscopic method. One hundred and seventy-four samples were analysed: 81 ascitic Fluid, 32 cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF), 26 pleural Fluid (PF), 18 synovial Fluid (SF), 13 peritoneal Fluid (PeF) and 4 other types. The agreement between the automated method and the manual reference showed high correlation, with Pearson correlation coefficients greater than 0.9 for all types of Body Fluids. We also demonstrate that the automated Body Fluid analysis on the XE-5000 is an acceptable alternative to the microscopic reference method as far as ascitic Fluid, peritoneal dialysis Fluid, SF or PF are concerned. Conversely, results for Body Fluid samples from oncology patients with leukaemia or tumours showed significant differences between both methods, as XE-5000 counted blast cells and neoplastic cells in mononuclear cell count. XE-5000 could represent an attractive method for the automated analysis of WBC, RBC, mononuclear cell count (MNC) and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells of most Body Fluids. However, CSFs from patients with leukaemia or lymphoma should be processed with the microscopic reference method in order to detect abnormal leukaemic cells.
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performance evaluation of the Body Fluid mode on the platform sysmex xe 5000 series automated hematology analyzer
International Journal of Laboratory Hematology, 2010Co-Authors: A Paris, T Nhan, Edouard Cornet, J P Perol, M Malet, Xavier TroussardAbstract:: We evaluated the performance of the automated Body Fluid mode of the Sysmex XE-5000 series automated haematology analyzer and compared the performance of the automated method for obtaining white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC) counts and WBC differential counts with microscopic method. One hundred and seventy-four samples were analysed: 81 ascitic Fluid, 32 cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF), 26 pleural Fluid (PF), 18 synovial Fluid (SF), 13 peritoneal Fluid (PeF) and 4 other types. The agreement between the automated method and the manual reference showed high correlation, with Pearson correlation coefficients greater than 0.9 for all types of Body Fluids. We also demonstrate that the automated Body Fluid analysis on the XE-5000 is an acceptable alternative to the microscopic reference method as far as ascitic Fluid, peritoneal dialysis Fluid, SF or PF are concerned. Conversely, results for Body Fluid samples from oncology patients with leukaemia or tumours showed significant differences between both methods, as XE-5000 counted blast cells and neoplastic cells in mononuclear cell count. XE-5000 could represent an attractive method for the automated analysis of WBC, RBC, mononuclear cell count (MNC) and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells of most Body Fluids. However, CSFs from patients with leukaemia or lymphoma should be processed with the microscopic reference method in order to detect abnormal leukaemic cells.
Jack Ballantyne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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messenger rna biomarker signatures for forensic Body Fluid identification revealed by targeted rna sequencing
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Erin K Hanson, Cordula Haas, Sabrina Ingold, Jack BallantyneAbstract:The recovery of a DNA profile from the perpetrator or victim in criminal investigations can provide valuable source level information for investigators. However, a DNA profile does not reveal the circumstances by which biological material was transferred. Some contextual information can be obtained by a determination of the tissue or Fluid source of origin of the biological material as it is potentially indicative of some behavioral activity on behalf of the individual that resulted in its transfer from the Body. Here, we sought to improve upon established RNA based methods for Body Fluid identification by developing a targeted multiplexed next generation mRNA sequencing assay comprising a panel of approximately equal sized gene amplicons. The multiplexed biomarker panel includes several highly specific gene targets with the necessary specificity to definitively identify most forensically relevant biological Fluids and tissues (blood, semen, saliva, vaginal secretions, menstrual blood and skin). In developing the biomarker panel we evaluated 66 gene targets, with a progressive iteration of testing target combinations that exhibited optimal sensitivity and specificity using a training set of forensically relevant Body Fluid samples. The current assay comprises 33 targets: 6 blood, 6 semen, 6 saliva, 4 vaginal secretions, 5 menstrual blood and 6 skin markers. We demonstrate the sensitivity and specificity of the assay and the ability to identify Body Fluids in single source and admixed stains. A 16 sample blind test was carried out by one lab with samples provided by the other participating lab. The blinded lab correctly identified the Body Fluids present in 15 of the samples with the major component identified in the 16th. Various classification methods are being investigated to permit inference of the Body Fluid/tissue in dried physiological stains. These include the percentage of reads in a sample that are due to each of the 6 tissues/Body Fluids tested and inter-sample differential gene expression revealed by agglomerative hierarchical clustering.
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mrna profiling for Body Fluid identification by multiplex quantitative rt pcr
Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2007Co-Authors: Jane Juusola, Jack BallantyneAbstract:An alternative approach to conventional protein-based Body Fluid identification is gene expression profiling analysis. In the present work, we report the development of sensitive and robust multiplex quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR assays for the identification of blood, saliva, semen, and menstrual blood. Each Body Fluid assay comprises a triplex system that detects transcripts from two Body Fluid-specific genes and a housekeeping gene GAPDH. The Body Fluid-specific genes include erythroid delta-aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS2) and beta-spectrin (SPTB) for blood, statherin (STATH) and histatin 3 (HTN3) for saliva, protamine 1 (PRM1) and protamine 2 (PRM2) for semen, and matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) and matrix metalloproteinase 10 (MMP10) for menstrual blood. Normalization of both Body Fluid-specific genes to the housekeeping gene by means of appropriate cycle threshold metrics ensures the high specificity of each assay for its cognate Body Fluid.
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messenger rna profiling a prototype method to supplant conventional methods for Body Fluid identification
Forensic Science International, 2003Co-Authors: Jane Juusola, Jack BallantyneAbstract:Abstract Conventional methods of Body Fluid identification use a variety of labor-intensive, technologically diverse techniques that are performed in a series, not parallel, manner and are costly in terms of time and sample. Theoretically, the identification of a Body Fluid may be made by determining a sufficient number of mRNAs that are expressed exclusively in cells that collectively comprise that Body Fluid. Advantages of an mRNA-based approach, compared to conventional biochemical methods of analysis, include greater specificity, simultaneous and semi-automatic analysis through a common assay format, improved timeliness, decreased sample consumption and compatibility with DNA extraction methodologies. In this report, we demonstrate that RNA is stable in biological stains and can be recovered in sufficient quantity and quality for analysis. Messenger RNA from the housekeeping genes S15, β-actin and GAPDH was detected in blood, semen and saliva stains using a sensitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-PCR). Additionally, we have identified a number of candidate tissue-specific genes, statherin, histatin 3, PRB1, PRB2 and PRB3 that may be useful for the positive identification of saliva. Messenger RNAs from these genes were detectable in saliva stains but not in blood or semen stains. Collectively these findings constitute the basis of a prototype RNA based assay system that may eventually supplant conventional methods for Body Fluid identification.
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messenger rna profiling a prototype method to supplant conventional methods for Body Fluid identification
Forensic Science International, 2003Co-Authors: Jane Juusola, Jack BallantyneAbstract:Conventional methods of Body Fluid identification use a variety of labor-intensive, technologically diverse techniques that are performed in a series, not parallel, manner and are costly in terms of time and sample. Theoretically, the identification of a Body Fluid may be made by determining a sufficient number of mRNAs that are expressed exclusively in cells that collectively comprise that Body Fluid. Advantages of an mRNA-based approach, compared to conventional biochemical methods of analysis, include greater specificity, simultaneous and semi-automatic analysis through a common assay format, improved timeliness, decreased sample consumption and compatibility with DNA extraction methodologies. In this report, we demonstrate that RNA is stable in biological stains and can be recovered in sufficient quantity and quality for analysis. Messenger RNA from the housekeeping genes S15, beta-actin and GAPDH was detected in blood, semen and saliva stains using a sensitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-PCR). Additionally, we have identified a number of candidate tissue-specific genes, statherin, histatin 3, PRB1, PRB2 and PRB3 that may be useful for the positive identification of saliva. Messenger RNAs from these genes were detectable in saliva stains but not in blood or semen stains. Collectively these findings constitute the basis of a prototype RNA based assay system that may eventually supplant conventional methods for Body Fluid identification.
Yiping Hou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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screening and confirmation of microrna markers for forensic Body Fluid identification
Forensic Science International-genetics, 2013Co-Authors: Zheng Wang, Ji Zhang, Haibo Luo, Jing Yan, Yiping HouAbstract:MicroRNAs (miRNAs, ∼22 nucleotides) are small, non-protein coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs can express in a tissue-specific manner, and have been introduced to forensic Body Fluid identification. In this study, we employed the qPCR-array (TaqMan(®) Array Human MicroRNA Cards) to screen the Body Fluid-specific miRNAs. Seven candidate miRNAs were identified as potentially Body Fluid-specific and could be used as forensically relevant Body Fluid markers: miR16 and miR486 for venous blood, miR888 and miR891a for semen, miR214 for menstrual blood, miR124a for vaginal secretions, and miR138-2 for saliva. The candidate miRNA markers were then validated via hydrolysis probes quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (TaqMan-qPCR). In addition, BestKeeper software was used to validate the expression stability of four genes, RNU44, RNU48, U6 and U6b, regularly used as reference genes (RGs) for studies involving forensic Body Fluids. The current study suggests that U6 could be used as a proper RG of miRNAs in forensic Body Fluid identification. The relative expression ratios (R) of miR486, miR888, miR214, miR16 and miR891a can differentiate the target Body Fluid from other Body Fluids that were tested in this study. The detection limit of TaqMan-qPCR of the five confirmed miRNA markers was 10pg of total RNA. The effect of time-wise degradation of blood stains and semen stains for 1 month under normal laboratory conditions was tested and did not significantly affect the detection results. Herein, this study proposes five Body Fluid-specific miRNAs for the forensic identification of venous blood, semen, and menstrual blood, of which miR486, miR888, and miR214 may be used as new markers for Body Fluid identification. Additional work remains necessary in search for suitable miRNA markers and stable RGs for forensic Body Fluid identification.
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a model for data analysis of microrna expression in forensic Body Fluid identification
Forensic Science International-genetics, 2012Co-Authors: Zheng Wang, Haibo Luo, Xiongfei Pan, Miao Liao, Yiping HouAbstract:Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs, 18–25 bases in length) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNA expression patterns, including presence and relative abundance of particular miRNA species, provide cell- and tissue-specific information that can be used for Body Fluid identification. Recently, two published studies reported that a number of Body Fluid-specific miRNAs had been identified. However, the results were inconsistent when different technology platforms and statistical methods were applied. To further study the role of miRNAs in identification of Body Fluids, this study sets out to develop an accurate and reliable model for data analysis of miRNA expression. To that end, the relative expression levels of three miRNAs were studied using the mirVana™ miRNA Isolation Kit, high-specificity stem-loop reverse transcription (RT) and high-sensitivity hydrolysis probes (TaqMan) quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in forensically relevant biological Fluids, including venous blood, vaginal secretions, menstrual blood, semen and saliva. Accurate quantification of miRNAs requires not only a highly sensitive and specific detection platform for experiment operation, but also a reproducible methodology with an adequate model for data analysis. In our study, the efficiency-calibrated model that incorporated the impact of the quantification cycle (Cq) values and PCR efficiencies of target and reference genes was developed to calculate the relative expression ratio of miRNAs in forensically relevant Body Fluids. Our results showed that venous blood was distinguished from other Body Fluids according to the relative expression ratio of miR16 using as little as 50 pg of total RNA, while the expression level of miR658 was unstable and that of miR205 was nonspecific among different Body Fluids. Collectively, the findings may constitute a basis for future miRNA-based research on Body Fluid identification and show miRNAs as a promising biomarker in forensic identification of Body Fluids.
F. Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Microstructure evolution and corrosion mechanism of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate coating on magnesium alloy in simulated Body Fluid
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2009Co-Authors: Changyong Wang, W.c. Ren, Su Zhang, F. LiuAbstract:Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) coating was deposited on the substrate surface of magnesium alloy with solution treatment. The microstructures and corrosion behaviors of the DCPD-coated samples before and after immersion in simulated Body Fluid (SBF) for different times were investigated. It is important to note that DCPD was not only transformed into hydroxyapatite (HA) but also induced HA precipitation after immersion in SBF. An HA-like coating was generated on the substrate surface in a two step process involving an initial coating with DCPD, resulting in the corrosion resistance increasing along with the corrosion mechanism changing with increase to soaking time.