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Syamsul Falah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • AKTIVITAS ANTIFUNGI EKSTRAK DAUN PICUNG TERHADAP CENDAWAN Botryodiplodia theobromae PENYEBAB MATI PUCUK BIBIT JABON MERAH Antifungal Activity of Picung Leaf Extracts Against Botryodiplodia theobromae A Dieback Fungus of Jabon Merah Seedling
    2017
    Co-Authors: L M. Alfin Agushara Bena, Achmad, Syamsul Falah
    Abstract:

    Invasion of Botryodiplodia theobromae as a dieback fungus on jabon merah (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) seedlings is a crucial issues. This pathogenic fungus needs to be controlled precisely. Phytochemical compounds of plant material is one alternative fungicides. Crude extracts of picung (Pangium edule) leaf in water and methanol solvent known to have antifungal potential. However, its activity against B. theobromae need to be revealed. In vitro assay aimed to measuring antifungal activity of water and methanol extracts of picung leaf on controlling growth of B. theobromae pathogenic fungus. Hot water extraction and maceration in methanol was conducted to obtain crude extract materials. In-vitro antifungal assay of water and methanol extracts of picung leaf was conducted by food poisoning method on Potato Dextrose Agar media. The results showed that water and methanol extracts of pangi leaf be able to suppress the growth of B. theobromae on the first day of observation, with the highest antifungal index reached 100% at concentration of 25mg/mL and 50mg/mL, respectively. This indicates that water and methanol extracts of picung leaf have antifungal activity. Generally, there was a trend of decrease in antifungal index over time. Key words: antifungal activity, Botryodiplodia theobromae, jabon merah, picung

  • KEEFEKTIFAN KITOSAN DALAM MENGENDALIKAN Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. PENYEBAB MATI PUCUK PADA BIBIT JABON (Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq) Chitosan’s Effectiveness in Controlling Dieback by Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat on Jabon Seeding
    2017
    Co-Authors: Desi Nurafida, Achmad, Syamsul Falah
    Abstract:

    Dieback disease by the fungus Botryodiplodia theobromae in Jabon seedlings (Anthocephalus cadamba) inhibits the regeneration of Jabon plant. Synthetic fungicides utilization to several problems such as residue on the environment and pathogen resistance. Chitosan is a potential natural compound used as an alternative to control plant disease.This research aims to examine the effectiveness of chitosan to control B. theobromae as causal agent of dieback on Jabon seedlings and to examine the effect of chitosan to control the viscosity of dieback disease on Jabon seedlings. The results showed that the chitosan solution can decrease the severity of disease in Jabon seedlings. However, it was different with the disease incidence rate parameter. Chitosan solution was not significantly affecting the disease because B. theobromae caused dieback symptoms on Jabon seedlings. The most effective treatment was chitosan solution with a concentration of 0.1% before inoculation with the severity of the disease by 25%. Chitosan solution viscosity was responsible in affecting the percentage of dieback disease in Jabon seeds. The higher the viscosity of chitosan, the higher the percentage of dieback disease attacks. The best viscosity to suppress the development of dieback disease on Jabon seedlings was 8.80 with 7.90% attack.Key words: Anthocephalus cadamba , Botryodiplodia theobromae, chitosan, dieback.

  • influence of culture medium and mahogany seed extract on the growth of Botryodiplodia sp isolate causing dieback on jabon seedling pengaruh media kultur dan ekstrak biji mahoni terhadap pertumbuhan isolat Botryodiplodia sp penyebab mati pucuk
    Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika, 2014
    Co-Authors: Aji Winara, Syamsul Falah
    Abstract:

    Dieback on jabon seedling caused by fungi Botryodiplodia sp. decreased seedlings’ quality and nurseries economic benefits. Less studies on the control of dieback pathogen on jabon seedling used biofungicide from plant extract have been reported nowadays. Mahogany is one of the promising medicinal plants in Indonesia and has potential as an biofungicide. This research aimed to estimate the growth of Botryodiplodia sp. isolate on some culture medium and inhibitation by mahogany seed extract. The poisoned food technique was used to test the efficacy of mahogany seed extract on the isolate growth. The result showed that potatoes sucrose and potatoes dextrose medium most suitable for mycelium growth of the Botryodiplodia sp. isolate. The mahogany seed hot water extract inhibited the growth of Botryodiplodia sp. isolate with the highest growth inhibition was 41.85-59.90% at 50% extract. Microscopical examinaton showed the inhibition of mycelium growth was caused by the changes on hyphae morphology and growth direction which were shrinking and curling due to the cell wall degradation.Keywords : Botryodiplodia sp., inhibitation, mahogany seed extract, medium.

Nurul Khumaida - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • RESISTENSI BIOKIMIA BIBIT JABON PUTIH (Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq.) TERHADAP Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. PENYEBAB PENYAKIT MATI PUCUK
    2018
    Co-Authors: Lola Adres Yanti, Ahmad Ahmad Ahmad, Nurul Khumaida
    Abstract:

    Dieback disease on white jabon seedlings is caused by Botryodiplodia theobromae decreased seedlings quality, economic benefits of nurseries, and seedling death. There is no research for resistance of white jabon to pathogen attacked. This research aimed to study the biochemical resistance of white jabon to B. theobromae attacked. The biochemical resistance was done with studying the chemical compound of white jabon seedlings’ stem used phytochemistry analysis. The results showed that the biochemical resistance before pathogen attacked for white jabon seedlings were found alkaloids, flavonoid, phenol hydroquinone, tannin, saponins, and steroids. After pathogen attacked, the biochemical resistance of white jabon seedlings had the increase in the content of flavonoid, tannin, saponins, triterpenoid and steroids. Keywords: Botryodiplodia theobromae, stem infection methods, the increase of secondary metabolite content, white jabon seedling

  • resistency of white and red jabon seedlings anthocephalus spp to Botryodiplodia theobromae pat causing dieback disease uji resistensi bibit jabon putih dan merah anthocephalus spp terhadap Botryodiplodia theobromae pat penyebab penyakit mati
    Silvikultur Tropika - Journal of Tropical Silviculture Science and Technology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Lola Adres Yanti, Nurul Khumaida
    Abstract:

    Dieback disease on jabon seedlings is caused by Botryodiplodia theobromae decreased seedlings quality and economic benefits of nurseries. This is still sparse research for resistance test between white and red Jabon. This research aimed to test B. theobromae attacked with non wounded and wounded stem infection methods in Jabons and to obtain the most resistance of Jabons to B. theobromae attacked. The results showed that the disease incidence and the disease severity on both control of Jabon seedlings were 0% and 0%. But on treatment, white jabon seedlings non-wounded and wounded stem infection were 30% and 100%. For red jabon seedlings non-wounded and wounded stem infection were 80% and 100%. The disease severity on white jabon seedlings non-wounded and wounded stem infection were 12% and 62%. For red jabon seedlings non-wounded and wounded stem infection were 16% and 38%. The disease incidence on red Jabon seedlings were wider than white Jabon seedlings, but for the disease severity, white Jabon seedlings were worse than red Jabon seedlings. Botryodiplodia theobromae attacked non-wounded and wounded stem infection on Jabons. Key words: nursery, stem infection methods, the disease incidence, the disease severity

Yulisyah Rummah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • EKSPLORASI JAMUR - JAMUR YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN PENYAKIT MATI MERANTING PADA TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) DI KOTA PADANG
    2019
    Co-Authors: Yulisyah Rummah
    Abstract:

    Mati meranting merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman kakao. Penyakit mati ranting menyerang pucuk dan ranting muda, menyebabkan daun gugur, ranting meranggas sehingga dapat mengganggu proses fotosintesis pada tanaman kakao. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan patogen-patogen penyebab mati meranting pada tanaman kakao di kota Padang. Lokasi tanaman sampel terdapat pada tiga daerah yaitu Kelurahan Sungai Sarik Kec. Kuranji; Keluruhan Lubuk Minturun, Kec. Koto Tangah; dan Kelurahan Teluk Kabung, Kec. Bungus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel di lapangan dilakukan dalam bentuk survei lapangan dengan cara mengambil 10 % tanaman dari seluruh jumlah tanaman yang ada di lahan. Kriteria tanaman kakao yang dijadikan sampel adalah jumlah tanaman ≥ 50, berumur ≥ 3 tahun, dan menunjukkan gejala mati meranting. Dari hasil isolasi dan identifikasi jamur yang dilakukan, ditemukan empat jenis jamur yang berasosiasi dengan penyakit mati meranting yaitu Oncobasidium theobromae, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Fusarium decemcellulare dan Fusarium sp1. Setelah dilakukan uji patogenesitas, didapatkan hasil bahwa jamur-jamur yang berasosiasi dengan penyakit mati meranting di kota Padang bersifat jamur patogen. Kata kunci : eksplorasi, kakao, mati ranting, Oncobasidium theobromae, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Fusarium sp

Achmad Achmad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • patogenisitas isolat Botryodiplodia spp terhadap bibit jabon anthocephalus cadamba roxb miq
    Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ai Rosah Aisah, Bonny Pw Soekarno, Achmad Achmad
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Botryodiplodia spp. potentially cause dieback disease on jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq) seedlings. Five isolates of Botryodiplodia spp were inoculated on jabon seedling to find out its virulence levels, mechanism of pathogen attack and mechanism of host plant defense. The virulence levels was estimated by disease severity of host plants; the pathogen attack mechanism was done by measuring pectinase and cellulase enzyme activities; whereas host plant defense mechanism was determined by measuring peroxidase enzyme activity. The virulent isolates caused disease severity > 50%. Botryodiplodia sp1, Botryodiplodia sp2, and Botryodiplodia sp3 showed pectinase activities of 21.31; 18.13; 26.08 U/ml, and cellulase 0.014; 0.015; 0.023 U/ml, respectively. The peroxidase activity of host plants after pathogen inoculated was ranging from 0.0006 to 0.0012 UAE/g. Based on this research, three Botryodiplodia spp. isolates were virulent on jabon seedlings and involved enzymatic strength as attack mechanism, whereas the host plant defense mechanism involved peroxidase activity. Key words: Dieback, host defense, pathogen attack ABSTRAK IIsolat Botryodiplodia spp. berpotensi menyebabkan penyakit mati pucuk pada bibit jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq). Lima isolat Botryodiplodia spp. diinokulasikan terhadap bibit jabon untuk menentukan tingkat virulensi isolat, mengetahui mekanisme infeksi patogen dan mekanisme pertahanan tanaman inang. Tingkat virulensi isolat ditentukan melalui nilai keparahan penyakit pada tanaman inang; mekanisme infeksi patogen dilakukan melalui pengukuran aktivitas enzim pektinase dan selulase; sedangkan mekanisme pertahanan tanaman inang dilakukan melalui pengukuran aktivitas enzim peroksidase. Isolat Botryodiplodia spp. yang virulen menghasilkan keparahan penyakit > 50%. Isolat-isolat tersebut adalah Botryodiplodia sp. 1, Botryodiplodia sp. 2, dan Botryodiplodia sp. 3 yang secara berturut-turut menunjukkan aktivitas pektinase sebesar 21,31; 18,13; 26,08 U/ml, dan aktivitas selulase sebesar 0,014; 0,015; 0,023 U/ml. Adapun aktivitas peroksidase tanaman inang setelah diinokulasi patogen, yaitu berkisar 0,0006-0,0012 UAE/g. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, tiga isolat Botryodiplodia spp. bersifat virulen terhadap bibit jabon dan melibatkan kekuatan enzim sebagai mekanisme infeksi, sedangkan mekanisme pertahanan inang melibatkan aktivitas peroksidase. Kata kunci: Infeksi patogen, mati pucuk, pertahanan inang

Monita Puspitasari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • KERAGAMAN JAMUR YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN PENYAKIT MATI MERANTING PADA TANAMAN MANGGA DAN POTENSI FUNGISIDA NABATI UNTUK PENGENDALIANNYA
    2016
    Co-Authors: Monita Puspitasari
    Abstract:

    KERAGAMAN JAMUR YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN PENYAKIT MATI MERANTING PADA TANAMAN MANGGA DAN POTENSI FUNGISIDA NABATI UNTUK PENGENDALIANNYA Oleh : Monita Puspitasari, SP (1320282004) Dibawah bimbingan : Dr. Ir. Darnetty, MSc dan Dr. Ir. Arneti, MS) Abstrak Penyakit mati meranting merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman mangga dan informasinya sangat kurang di Indonesia sehingga dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan keragaman jenis jamur dan jenis fungisida nabati yang efektif dalam menekan pertumbuhan jamur penyebab mati meranting pada tanaman mangga secara in vitro. Sampel diambil dari ranting mangga yang bergejala mati meranting dengan metode Purposive Random Sampling. Parameter yang diamati adalah kondisi penyakit mati meranting di lapangan, jenis jamur yang berasosiasi dengan penyakit mati meranting secara morfologi dan molekuler, patogenisitas jamur penyebab penyakit mati meranting, luas koloni jamur, morfologi koloni jamur, berat basah dan berat kering koloni jamur, kerapatan konidia dan daya perkecambahan konidia. Hasil penelitian yaitu tanaman yang terinfeksi di tiap kabupaten menunjukkan skala serangan yang bervariasi, dari skala 1 hingga 6 dengan nilai skala antara 1-60%. Skala serangan yang paling banyak adalah skala 2. Berdasarkan identifikasi secara morfologi, Penyakit mati meranting pada tanaman mangga disebabkan oleh beragam genus jamur, yaitu Pestalotiopsis (82,5%), Botryodiplodia (80%), dan Fusarium (2,5%). Setelah dilanjutkan dengan identifikasi secara molokular didapatkan spesies jamur patogen tersebut yaitu Pestalotiopsis microspora, Lasiodiplodia theobromae (syn. Botryodiplodia theobromae) dan Fusarium decemcellulare. Semua ekstrak tumbuhan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan P. microspora, L. theobromae, dan F. decemcellulare. Ekstrak tumbuhan yang terbaik dalam menekan pertumbuhan ketiga jenis jamur patogen adalah biji srikaya dengan konsentrasi 0,25% yang masing-masing efektivitas penekanan pada ketiga jamur tersebut untuk luas koloni (98,95%; 96,76%; 66,28%), berat basah koloni (69,49%; 52,45%; 25,47%), berat kering koloni (67,74%, 86,21%; 52,31%), kerapatan konidia (99,45%; 92,50%; 87,04%), dan daya kecambah konidia (88,49%; 25,99%; 66,31%). Katakunci: Fusarium decemcellulare, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Pestalotiopsis microspora, fungisida nabat