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Adriano Garcia Chiarello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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neotropical xenarthrans a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the neotropics
Ecology, 2019Co-Authors: Paloma Marques Santos, Adriano Garcia Chiarello, Adriana Bocchiglieri, Adriano Pereira Paglia, Adryelle Moreira, Agnis Cristiane De Souza, Agustin Manuel Abba, Agustin Paviolo, Ailin Gatica, Akyllan Zoppi MedeiroAbstract:Xenarthrans-anteaters, sloths, and armadillos-have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data.
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the endangered maned sloth Bradypus torquatus of the brazilian atlantic forest a review and update of geographical distribution and habitat preferences
Mammal Review, 2012Co-Authors: Andre Hirsch, Adriano Garcia ChiarelloAbstract:1 The endemic maned sloth Bradypus torquatus is globally threatened due to deforestation, habitat fragmentation and isolation of populations. Despite increased interest in the species in recent years, information on its geographic distribution is limited and is derived mainly from a few museum species and from a survey based mostly on interviews carried out more than 20 years ago. Information on its habitat and altitudinal preferences is lacking. We therefore compile, update and review all occurrence records of this species using geographical information system (GIS) tools and produce a distribution map for the species. 2 Our compilation totalled 188 occurrence records, of which 130 (69%) were considered confirmed (museum specimens or individuals captured or seen in the field), most of which (62%) were restricted to the states of Bahia and central-south Espirito Santo (29%). The species occurs predominantly in ombrophilous forest (80%), from sea level to 1290m, but mainly (79%) below 200m altitude. 3 We used GIS techniques and the alpha shape algorithm to calculate the extent of occurrence of the species and compared the resulting map with distribution maps available in the literature. We found a great deal of variation in distribution area shape and an almost two-fold variation in distribution area size among sources. 4 We confirmed the existence of a main distribution gap between southern Bahia and northern Espirito Santo and discovered a second smaller gap between southern Espirito Santo and northern Rio de Janeiro. 5 We also confirmed that B. torquatus is sympatric with the common three-toed sloth Bradypus variegatus in a large part of the Atlantic forest and that the two species are syntopic in at least 11 locations.
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life history traits and sexual dimorphism of the atlantic forest maned sloth Bradypus torquatus xenarthra bradypodidae
Journal of Zoology, 2005Co-Authors: Paula Lararuiz, Adriano Garcia ChiarelloAbstract:This work presents new data from 48 maned sloths Bradypus torquatus captured between November 2002 and November 2003 in three regions of the Atlantic forest where the largest remnant populations of this species are found. Data from another long-term study, carried out from 1994 to 1996 and from 1999 to the present (n=14), were also used, making a total sample of 62 sloths. Average adult body weight is 6594±236 g and average head-body length is 66.5±0.8 cm (n=35), indicating that Bradypus torquatus is the heaviest of all four Bradypus species. Individuals from lower-montane forests (600–1000 m a.s.l.) are significantly larger (head–body length; t-test; P=0.001) than individuals from the lowlands (<350 m a.s.l.), suggesting altitudinal differentiation between populations. Sexual dimorphism, here reported for the first time, was found in body length (females are significantly larger than males) and in other external characters, such as mane size and form (darker and larger in males), and size and shape of the external genitalia. Most differences between sexes are, however, only discernible in reproductively active individuals. Breeding is slightly seasonal; minimum observed interbirth interval was 1 year and litter size was always one. Infants stayed with their mothers until 8–11 months old; started feeding on solid food as early as 2 weeks old but continued suckling until c. 4 months of age. Age of sexual maturity was estimated at 2–3 years and the oldest captured maned sloth was a healthy male who was at least 12 years of age. Overall, results indicated that maned sloths are similar in these aspects to congeneric species. Information presented here significantly improves the current knowledge on this endangered sloth species and is useful for the proper planning and implementation of in situ conservation strategies such as translocations and reintroductions.
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diet of the atlantic forest maned sloth Bradypus torquatus xenarthra bradypodidae
Journal of Zoology, 1998Co-Authors: Adriano Garcia ChiarelloAbstract:The diet of maned sloths was studied throughout 14 months in an Atlantic forest reserve of south-eastern Brazil. Three adult sloths were observed for a total of 680 h and located monthly by radio-telemetry. Data were collected on diet, recording the actual time the sloths spent eating plant species. Overall, the diet was composed of 99% leaves, with young leaves (68%) preferred to mature ones (7%) throughout the year. A higher proportion of tree leaves (83%) than liana leaves (16%) were included in the diet. When analysed together, the diet of the three animals included a total of 21 plant species (16 tree and 5 liana), but each individual made up its diet with an even smaller number of species (7–12) and with a particular subset of the local flora. This is a very small portion of the total number of tree and liana species available to the sloths; furthermore, the top species consumed were present at very low population densities in the forest. Thus, B. torquatus, like other congeneric species studied elsewhere in the Neotropics, is a strictly arboreal folivore with a highly selective diet, probably resulting from evolving physiological adaptations to cope with a smaller range of plant secondary compounds. This is possible for the species of this genus through a combination of low basal rates of metabolism, which enable the sloths to survive on an energy-poor diet, and a very long passage time of digesta, which, in turn, aids the digestion of a fibre-rich diet while possibly contributing to the degradation of secondary compounds.
Virginia Hayssen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bradypus variegatus pilosa bradypodidae
Mammalian Species, 2010Co-Authors: Virginia HayssenAbstract:Abstract Bradypus variegatus Schinz, 1825 (the brown-throated three-toed sloth), is 1 of 4 extant three-toed sloths. A high-canopy folivore, B. variegatus is distributed over southern Central America and northern and central South America and is listed as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources because of its wide distribution. Males have a middorsal speculum. B. variegatus has a commensal relationship with the algae and invertebrates that live in its thick pelage. It does not adapt well to zoo settings.
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Bradypus tridactylus pilosa bradypodidae
Mammalian Species, 2009Co-Authors: Virginia HayssenAbstract:Bradypus tridactylus Linnaeus, 1758, is commonly called the pale-throated sloth. Males have a middorsal speculum. B. tridactylus is endemic to rain forests of northeastern South America. Like other sloths, B. tridactylus is a high-canopy folivore. It has a commensal relationship with the algae and invertebrates that live in its abundant pelage. It is listed as “Least Concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources because of its distribution in pristine areas of the Amazon Basin. It does not adapt to zoo settings.
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Bradypus torquatus pilosa bradypodidae
Mammalian Species, 2009Co-Authors: Virginia HayssenAbstract:Abstract Bradypus torquatus Illiger, 1811 is a three-toed sloth commonly called the maned three-toed sloth. It is endemic to the Atlantic coastal forests of southeastern Brazil. Occasionally placed in its own genus (Scaeopus), the black mane of this three-toed sloth is distinctive. Like other sloths, B. torquatus is a high-canopy folivore with a commensal relationship with algae and invertebrates that live in its abundant pelage. B. torquatus is an endangered species that does not adapt to captive zoo settings.
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Bradypus pygmaeus pilosa bradypodidae
Mammalian Species, 2008Co-Authors: Virginia HayssenAbstract:Abstract Bradypus pygmaeus Anderson and Handley, 2001, the pygmy three-toed sloth, is a dwarf bradypodid that is 1 of 4 species of Bradypus. It is easily distinguished from its conspecifics by its small size and restricted distribution (endemic to Isla Escudo de Veraguas of Bocas del Toro, off the Caribbean coast of Panama). B. pygmaeus is found exclusively in red mangroves at sea level, and it is listed as critically endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources because of its restricted range and declining population size that is due to hunting and tourism.
Jussara Rocha Ferreira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modelo de suprimento sanguineo do intestino delgado e grosso da preguica de coleira Bradypus torquatus
Ciencia Rural, 2013Co-Authors: Jussara Rocha Ferreira, Lorenna Cardoso Rezende, Phellip Carvalho, Amanda Rocha Mortoza, Daniele Dos Santos MartinsAbstract:The Bradypus torquatus also known as maned three-toed sloth is listed as vulnerable in the IUCN red list. This species is strict folivorous that feeds on a relatively small number of food plants. The blood supply in the small and large intestines of eight Bradypus torquatus was studied. These animals are from the Anatomia dos Animais Domesticos e Silvestres collection of the Universidade de Sao Paulo . The method included preparation of the macroscopic collection report, perfusion of the arterial network with water (40°C), injection of colored latex (Neoprene 650®, 2350-0003 Suvinil® dye), fixation in formaldehyde (10%), preservation in modified Laskowski solution and dissection under mesoscopic light (Lupa LTS® 3700). The blood supply of small and large intestine depends on the abdominal aorta, whose ventral visceral branch identified as the common mesenteric artery was distributed in the mesentery and mesocolon. A sequence of 9 to 25 primary collateral branches cranial is allocated to the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and part of the cecum. Another sequence of 4 to 11 caudal branches are destined to the cecum and colon pouch. The vascular pattern of adult maned three-toed sloth intestine differs from those of other previously described vertebrates, because there is no occurrence of coalescence peritoneal through small and large intestine.
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Modelo de suprimento sanguíneo do intestino delgado e grosso da preguiça de coleira (Bradypus torquatus) Blood supply model of the small and large intestine of the maned three-toed sloth (Bradypus torquatus)
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013Co-Authors: Jussara Rocha Ferreira, Lorenna Cardoso Rezende, Phellip Carvalho, Amanda Rocha Mortoza, Daniele Dos Santos MartinsAbstract:O Bradypus torquatus, conhecido como preguiça de coleira, está classificado na lista vermelha da IUCN como vulnerável. Este animal é um folívoro estrito que se alimenta de um pequeno número de plantas. O suprimento sanguíneo do intestino delgado e grosso de oito Bradypus torquatus, pertencentes ao acervo da Anatomia dos Animais Domésticos e Sivestres da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, foi estudado. O método incluiu preparação de relatório macroscópico, perfusão do sistema arterial com água (40°C), injeção de látex corado (Neoprene® 650, Sulvinil® 2350-0003), fixação com formaldeído (10%), conservação em solução modificada de Laskowiski e dissecação por mesoscopia de luz (Lupa LTS® 3700). A irrigação dos intestinos delgado e grosso dependeu da aorta abdominal, cujo ramo visceral ventral identificado como artéria mesentérica comum distribuiu-se no mesentério e mesocólon. Uma sequência de 9 a 25 ramos colaterais primários craniais destinaram-se ao duodeno, jejuno, íleo e parte da bolsa cecal. Outra sequência de 4 a 11 ramos caudais destinaram-se à bolsa cecal e cólons. No animal adulto, o modelo de vascularização do intestino diferiu dos outros vertebrados recentes em razão de não ocorrer coalescência peritoneal ao longo do intestino delgado e grosso.The Bradypus torquatus also known as maned three-toed sloth is listed as vulnerable in the IUCN red list. This species is strict folivorous that feeds on a relatively small number of food plants. The blood supply in the small and large intestines of eight Bradypus torquatus was studied. These animals are from the Anatomia dos Animais Domésticos e Silvestres collection of the Universidade de São Paulo . The method included preparation of the macroscopic collection report, perfusion of the arterial network with water (40°C), injection of colored latex (Neoprene 650®, 2350-0003 Suvinil® dye), fixation in formaldehyde (10%), preservation in modified Laskowski solution and dissection under mesoscopic light (Lupa LTS® 3700). The blood supply of small and large intestine depends on the abdominal aorta, whose ventral visceral branch identified as the common mesenteric artery was distributed in the mesentery and mesocolon. A sequence of 9 to 25 primary collateral branches cranial is allocated to the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and part of the cecum. Another sequence of 4 to 11 caudal branches are destined to the cecum and colon pouch. The vascular pattern of adult maned three-toed sloth intestine differs from those of other previously described vertebrates, because there is no occurrence of coalescence peritoneal through small and large intestine
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morphology and vascularization of the gastric compartments in three toed sloth Bradypus torquatus illiger 1811
International Journal of Morphology, 2011Co-Authors: Lorenna Cardoso Rezende, Jussara Rocha Ferreira, J M Monteiro, P Carvalho, Maria Angelica MiglinoAbstract:Fue descrita la anatomia macroscopica y vascularizacion de los compartimientos del estomago en 5 Bradypus torquatus, animales pertenecientes al acervo de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad de Sao Paulo - Brazil. El metodo incluyo: perfusion acuosa de la red arterial, inyeccion de latex coloreado, fijacion en formaldehido (10%) y conservacion en solucion de Laskovisk. Para la descripcion y analisis de los datos se realizaron disecciones bajo mesoscopia de luz y archivos fotograficos. Los animales presentaron el estomago como la viscera abdominal mas abundante, que posee internamente las regiones: cardiaca, fundica y pre-pilorica, subdivididas en seis compartimientos (cardiaco, derecho, medio e izquierdo; fundico; pre-pilorico I y II). Estaba irrigado por las arterias gastricas izquierda y celiaca, que son ramas viscerales ventrales de la parte abdominal de la aorta. Estas arterias emergian en el retroperitoneo y a traves del mesogastrio alcazaban las visceras distribuyendose en la gran y pequena curvatura del estomago, bazo y pancreas. Las ramas colaterales primarias de la arteria gastrica izquierda estaban destinadas a la gran curvatura del estomago y los de la arteria celiaca irrigaban el bazo, pancreas y pequena curvatura del estomago. El estandar vascular del Bradypus torquatus mas conocido como oso perezoso de tres dedos demostro ser diferente, en algunos aspectos, al de otros estomagos pluricavitarios en vertebrados.
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analise estrutural das glândulas genitais acessorias da preguica de coleira Bradypus torquatus illiger 1811
Biotemas, 2007Co-Authors: Daniele Dos Santos Martins, Vera Lúcia De ,oliveira, Jussara Rocha Ferreira, Carlos Eduardo Ambrosio, Rose Eli Grassi Rici Azarias, Marcia Rita Fernandes Machado, Maria Angelica MiglinoAbstract:Structural analyses of acessory genital glands of maned sloths (Bradypus torquatus, Illiger, 1811). Sloths belong to the Mammalian class and Xenarthar Order, presenting very peculiar corporal designs and habits of life. One particular species, Bradypus torquatus, belongs to the Red List of Threatened Species. Thus, this research aims to contribute to knowledge of the male genital organ morphology of the maned sloth on account of the fact that it has so far only been inadequately elucidated by existing science. In this research, six Bradypus torquatus males were used, provided by the Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia/USP, originally donated by the Reserva Zoobotânica Matinha, Ilheus/BA. The commom carotid arteries of the animals were canulated and the arterial systems were washed with 40°C water for posterior injection of 10% water formaldehyde solution. The animals were dissected for gross evaluation and sections of tissue from the seminal vesicles and prostates were collected and submitted to light microscopy. The maned sloth presented two genital accessory glands, a prostate and a vesicular gland. It was established through histology that the vesicular gland followed the norm for mammals, but that the prostate showed a peculiar aspect, dividing into muscular and urethral forms.
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morfologia dos dentes do bicho preguica de coleira Bradypus torquatus illiger 1811
Biotemas, 2006Co-Authors: Rose Eli Grassi Rici Azarias, Vera Lúcia De ,oliveira, Jussara Rocha Ferreira, Daniele Dos Santos Martins, Carlos Eduardo Ambrosio, Edson Jose Benetti, Maria Angelica MiglinoAbstract:Tooth morphology of the maned sloth (Bradypus torquatus). The sloths are exclusively herbivores, feeding from leaves, flowers, sprouts, green stalks and fruits, just from two types of tree. The aim of this research was to explore the anatomy of the teeth comparing them with those of other mammals, besides those of man. Twelve animals were used, including males, females and stillborns, all of the species Bradypus torquatus. Macroscopic and radiographic exams were carried out, complemented by light microscopic technique of wasted and decalcification and scanning electron microscopy to analyses ultra structure components. The sloths are born with teeth already, presenting in each hemiarcade five teeth in the jawbone and four in the jaw, totaling eighteen in all. The morphology of the tooth in these specimens is strongly related to the alimentary habits and the whole dental arch (maxilla and jaw), presenting teeth with a similar shape and indicating that dental specialization does not exist. The teeth present lingual, vestibular, distal, mesial and occlusal faces, and the presence of "peaks" is marked. The components of the teeth are cement, internal, and external dentine and pulp. It is possible to identify tissue located between the cement and the external dentine containing tubules, which are continuous with those of the external dentine and the vascular channels of the internal dentine. This investigation can assist the search for answers as to what constitutes an appropriate alimentary diet for the animals in captivity.
Maria Angelica Miglino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tongue papillae morphology of brown throated sloth Bradypus variegatus schinz 1825 morfologia das papilas linguais de preguica comum Bradypus variegatus schinz 1825
Arquivo Brasileiro De Medicina Veterinaria E Zootecnia, 2014Co-Authors: D.m. Martins, L.l. Pinheiro, V.c. Ferreira, A.m. Costa, A.r. Lima, R.e.g. Ricci, Maria Angelica Miglino, E. BrancoAbstract:The Bradypus variegatus inhabits the forests of South America and feeds from leaves, branches and sprouts from different plants. Due to its diet and the lack of literature on the morphological aspect of Xenarthras, five Bradypus variegatus tongues from animals which died from natural causes were evaluated, and they came from Para State Museum Emilio Goeldi and were donated to the Laboratory of Animal Morphological Research (LaPMA) from UFRA, for revealing the different types of papillae and epithelial-connective tissue. Macroscopically, the tongues presented elongated shape, rounded apex, body, root, median sulcus in the root's apex, and two vallate papillae. The mucous membrane of the tongue revealed a keratinized stratified pavement epithelium, while the ventral surface of the tongue was thin and smooth, not provided with any type of papillae. However, the dorsal surface of the tongue was irregular with the presence of three types of papillae: filiform, fungiform and vallate papillae. The filiform papillae found were of a simple type, presenting a rounded base, irregularly distributed with a larger concentration and development on the tongue's apex and body. The fungiform papilla showed a practically smooth surface with irregular format, with the presence of gustatory pores; these were found all over the dorsal surface, with larger concentration at the rostral part of the apex. Only two vallate papillae were observed disposed in the root of the tongue, surrounded by a deep groove, and revealing several taste buds. The tongues from Bradypus variegatus presented gustatory papillae similar to the ones described for other Xenarthras species and wild mammals.(AU)
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morphology and vascularization of the gastric compartments in three toed sloth Bradypus torquatus illiger 1811
International Journal of Morphology, 2011Co-Authors: Lorenna Cardoso Rezende, Jussara Rocha Ferreira, J M Monteiro, P Carvalho, Maria Angelica MiglinoAbstract:Fue descrita la anatomia macroscopica y vascularizacion de los compartimientos del estomago en 5 Bradypus torquatus, animales pertenecientes al acervo de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad de Sao Paulo - Brazil. El metodo incluyo: perfusion acuosa de la red arterial, inyeccion de latex coloreado, fijacion en formaldehido (10%) y conservacion en solucion de Laskovisk. Para la descripcion y analisis de los datos se realizaron disecciones bajo mesoscopia de luz y archivos fotograficos. Los animales presentaron el estomago como la viscera abdominal mas abundante, que posee internamente las regiones: cardiaca, fundica y pre-pilorica, subdivididas en seis compartimientos (cardiaco, derecho, medio e izquierdo; fundico; pre-pilorico I y II). Estaba irrigado por las arterias gastricas izquierda y celiaca, que son ramas viscerales ventrales de la parte abdominal de la aorta. Estas arterias emergian en el retroperitoneo y a traves del mesogastrio alcazaban las visceras distribuyendose en la gran y pequena curvatura del estomago, bazo y pancreas. Las ramas colaterales primarias de la arteria gastrica izquierda estaban destinadas a la gran curvatura del estomago y los de la arteria celiaca irrigaban el bazo, pancreas y pequena curvatura del estomago. El estandar vascular del Bradypus torquatus mas conocido como oso perezoso de tres dedos demostro ser diferente, en algunos aspectos, al de otros estomagos pluricavitarios en vertebrados.
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collection and evaluation of semen from the three toed sloth Bradypus tridactylus
Tissue & Cell, 2008Co-Authors: Marco Aurelio Peres, Maria Angelica Miglino, Edson Jose Benetti, Marcella Pecora Milazzotto, Jose Antonio Visintin, M E O A AssumpcaoAbstract:Abstract Sloths ( Bradypus sp.) are extremely sensitive animals that suffer with the destruction and fragmentation of forests. They present a low population growth rate and need to be further studied for the preservation of the specie. Thus, the aim of this study was to establish an efficient semen collection protocol as well as characterize sperm concentration, motility and morphology in order to contribute with information about the reproductive traits of this specie, which has never been described in the literature before. For that, nine Bradypus tridactylus males were captured during the wet season and six during the dry season, in Manaus (AM), located in the north region of Brazil, semen was collected by electroejaculation with shocks given in sequences of progressive intensities (minimum 20 mA and maximum 60 mA). All animals ejaculated small volumes of semen and in some of them, the volume ejaculated was not enough for a complete spermiogram. Physical characteristics observed on the collections of the wet season were different from those seen in the specimen collected in the dry season. Motility an vigor was very low and did not show forward progression, only oscillatory movement. After Spermac stain, spermatozoa presented a wide variety of defects; however, the differences in morphology were not significant between seasons. The morphology assessed by scanning electron microscopy shows that the head in both groups could be elongated, short or could have a base narrower than the apex and the midpiece narrowed abruptly, forming a nip in its transition to the tail. Although further studies are necessary to verify our preliminary findings concerning seasonal variation in sperm quality, these results demonstrate that semen can be safely collected from sloths by electroejaculation and provide the first reports of semen characteristics in this species.
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analise estrutural das glândulas genitais acessorias da preguica de coleira Bradypus torquatus illiger 1811
Biotemas, 2007Co-Authors: Daniele Dos Santos Martins, Vera Lúcia De ,oliveira, Jussara Rocha Ferreira, Carlos Eduardo Ambrosio, Rose Eli Grassi Rici Azarias, Marcia Rita Fernandes Machado, Maria Angelica MiglinoAbstract:Structural analyses of acessory genital glands of maned sloths (Bradypus torquatus, Illiger, 1811). Sloths belong to the Mammalian class and Xenarthar Order, presenting very peculiar corporal designs and habits of life. One particular species, Bradypus torquatus, belongs to the Red List of Threatened Species. Thus, this research aims to contribute to knowledge of the male genital organ morphology of the maned sloth on account of the fact that it has so far only been inadequately elucidated by existing science. In this research, six Bradypus torquatus males were used, provided by the Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia/USP, originally donated by the Reserva Zoobotânica Matinha, Ilheus/BA. The commom carotid arteries of the animals were canulated and the arterial systems were washed with 40°C water for posterior injection of 10% water formaldehyde solution. The animals were dissected for gross evaluation and sections of tissue from the seminal vesicles and prostates were collected and submitted to light microscopy. The maned sloth presented two genital accessory glands, a prostate and a vesicular gland. It was established through histology that the vesicular gland followed the norm for mammals, but that the prostate showed a peculiar aspect, dividing into muscular and urethral forms.
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morfologia dos dentes do bicho preguica de coleira Bradypus torquatus illiger 1811
Biotemas, 2006Co-Authors: Rose Eli Grassi Rici Azarias, Vera Lúcia De ,oliveira, Jussara Rocha Ferreira, Daniele Dos Santos Martins, Carlos Eduardo Ambrosio, Edson Jose Benetti, Maria Angelica MiglinoAbstract:Tooth morphology of the maned sloth (Bradypus torquatus). The sloths are exclusively herbivores, feeding from leaves, flowers, sprouts, green stalks and fruits, just from two types of tree. The aim of this research was to explore the anatomy of the teeth comparing them with those of other mammals, besides those of man. Twelve animals were used, including males, females and stillborns, all of the species Bradypus torquatus. Macroscopic and radiographic exams were carried out, complemented by light microscopic technique of wasted and decalcification and scanning electron microscopy to analyses ultra structure components. The sloths are born with teeth already, presenting in each hemiarcade five teeth in the jawbone and four in the jaw, totaling eighteen in all. The morphology of the tooth in these specimens is strongly related to the alimentary habits and the whole dental arch (maxilla and jaw), presenting teeth with a similar shape and indicating that dental specialization does not exist. The teeth present lingual, vestibular, distal, mesial and occlusal faces, and the presence of "peaks" is marked. The components of the teeth are cement, internal, and external dentine and pulp. It is possible to identify tissue located between the cement and the external dentine containing tubules, which are continuous with those of the external dentine and the vascular channels of the internal dentine. This investigation can assist the search for answers as to what constitutes an appropriate alimentary diet for the animals in captivity.
Parés Casanova Pere-miquel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Non-allometric variation in the Brown-Thorated sloth Bradypus variegatus (Schinz, 1825) skull (Mammalia, Pilosa, Bradypodidade)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 2019Co-Authors: Parés Casanova Pere-miquelAbstract:Brown-throated sloth Bradypus variegatus (Schinz, 1825) is a monomorphic mammal, and its skull ontogeny is poorly known. Here, we present a study of the ontogenetic allometric relationship between skull size and shape in 21 specimens of different sizes, for which size and shape were determined by means of geometric morphometric methods. Results indicate that skull shape variation can hardly be explained by skull size. Several studies have shown unique morphological traits of sloths from mammalian norms, affecting varied phenotypic traits from skeletal parts to soft tissues. This non-allometric scaling of skull form in sloth can be seen as another uniqueness of this taxonomic group.El perezoso bayo Bradypus variegatus (Schinz, 1825) es un mamífero monomórfico, de ontogenia craneal poco conocida. En este estudio analizamos la alometría estática entre tamaño y forma, utilizando 21 especímenes diferentes de edades diversas. El tamaño y la forma fueron determinados mediante técnicas de morfometría geométrica. De los resultados obtenidos se desprende que la variación en la forma craneal queda muy poco explicada por la variación en el tamaño. Muchos estudios han señalado características morfológicas únicas en los perezosos en relación al resto de mamíferos, características fenotípicas que van de la estructura esquelética a tejidos blandos. En este caso, el escalado no alométrico del cráneo debería ser visto como otra característica única de este grupo taxonómico
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Variación no alométrica en el cráneo del perezoso bayo Bradypus variegatus (Schinz, 1825) (Mammalia, Pilosa, Bradypodidae)
'Editorial CSIC', 2019Co-Authors: Parés Casanova Pere-miquelAbstract:Brown-throated sloth Bradypus variegatus (Schinz, 1825) is a monomorphic mammal, and its skull ontogeny is poorly known. Here, we present a study of the ontogenetic allometric relationship between skull size and shape in 21 specimens of different sizes, for which size and shape were determined by means of geometric morphometric methods. Results indicate that skull shape variation can hardly be explained by skull size. Several studies have shown unique morphological traits of sloths from mammalian norms, affecting varied phenotypic traits from skeletal parts to soft tissues. This non-allometric scaling of skull form in sloth can be seen as another uniqueness of this taxonomic group.El perezoso bayo Bradypus variegatus (Schinz, 1825) es un mamífero monomórfico, de ontogenia craneal poco conocida. En este estudio analizamos la alometría estática entre tamaño y forma, utilizando 21 especímenes diferentes de edades diversas. El tamaño y la forma fueron determinados mediante técnicas de morfometría geométrica. De los resultados obtenidos se desprende que la variación en la forma craneal queda muy poco explicada por la variación en el tamaño. Muchos estudios han señalado características morfológicas únicas en los perezosos en relación al resto de mamíferos, características fenotípicas que van de la estructura esquelética a tejidos blandos. En este caso, el escalado no alométrico del cráneo debería ser visto como otra característica única de este grupo taxonómico
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Isometric variation in the brown-throated sloth Bradypus variegatus (Schinz, 1825) mandible
Medico Edge Publications, 2016Co-Authors: Parés Casanova Pere-miquel, Murillo O.Abstract:Several studies have shown unique morphological traits of sloths, affecting varied phenotypic traits from skeletal parts to soft tissues. Here we present the first descriptive allometric pattern of mandible form among the brown-throated sloth Bradypus variegatus (Schinz, 1825), based on the study of 25 specimens by means of geometric morphometric methods. The results obtained indicate that the species has a non-allometric slope, and therefore shape variation could hardly be explained by size. An established 'lever index', which can characterize the mandibular mechanical advantage, was maintained independently of the mandibular size. This non-geometric scaling of jaw form in sloth represents another uniqueness of this animal taxon