The Experts below are selected from a list of 1029 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nicola Decaro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
circulation of pantropic Canine Coronavirus in autochthonous and imported dogs italy
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2020Co-Authors: Flora Alfano, Viviana Mari, Giorgio Galiero, Giovanna Fusco, Costantina Desario, Leonardo Occhiogrosso, Gianluca Miletti, Roberta Brunetti, Margie Cirilli, Nicola DecaroAbstract:Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) strains with the ability to spread to internal organs, also known as pantropic CCoVs (pCCoVs), have been detected in domestic dogs and wild carnivores. Our study focused on the detection and molecular characterization of pCCoV strains circulating in Italy during the period 2014-2017 in autochthonous dogs, in dogs imported from eastern Europe or illegally imported from an unknown country. Samples from the gut and internal organs of 352 dogs were screened for CCoV; putative pCCoV strains, belonging to subtype CCoV-IIa, were identified in the internal organs of 35 of the examined dogs. Fifteen pCCoV strains were subjected to sequence and phylogenetic analyses, showing that three strains (98960-1/2016, 98960-3/2016, 98960-4/2016) did not cluster either with Italian or European CCoVs, being more closely related to alphaCoronaviruses circulating in Asia with which they displayed a 94%-96% nucleotide identity in partial spike protein gene sequences. The pCCoV-positive samples were also tested for other Canine viruses, showing co-infections mainly with Canine parvovirus.
-
Full-length genome analysis of Canine Coronavirus type I
Virus Research, 2015Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Giulia Dowgier, Maria Loredana Colaianni, Gianvito Lanave, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:Canine Coronavirus types I (CCoV-I) and II (CCoV-II) are usually responsible for mild enteritis in dogs. While the CCoV-II genome has been completely sequenced, to date there are no complete genomic sequence data available publicly for CCoV-I. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze the full-length genome of a CCoV-I prototype strain that had been recovered from a dog with diarrhea in Italy. CCoV-I strain 23/03 has a genome of 30,000 nucleotides, excluding the 3′ poly(A) tail, displaying the typical AlphaCoronavirus-1 organization and the highest genetic relatedness to CCoV-II. However, two distinct features were observed in the CCoV-I genome: (i) the presence of an additional ORF between the spike (S) protein gene and ORF3a; (ii) the diversity of the S protein, which is more closely related to that of feline Coronavirus type I and presents a furin cleavage site. The present study may contribute to a better understanding of the AlphaCoronavirus-1 evolutionary pattern and may be paradigmatic of how Coronaviruses evolve through gene losses, acquisition and exchanges among different members.
-
Full-Genome Sequence of Pantropic Canine Coronavirus
Genome Announcements, 2015Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Giulia Dowgier, Maria Loredana Colaianni, Gianvito Lanave, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:ABSTRACT Pantropic Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) was first detected in young dogs in Italy in 2005, but the complete genome sequence of this virus had not yet been determined. Here, we report the full-length genome sequence of the prototype strain CB/05, which showed that this virus is genetically similar to CCoV-IIa viruses.
-
Detection and genetic characterization of Canine parvovirus and Canine Coronavirus strains circulating in district of Tirana in Albania
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2014Co-Authors: Alessandra Cavalli, Viviana Mari, Maria Loredana Colaianni, Francesco Cirone, Domenico Buonavoglia, Ilir Kusi, Ilirjan Kumbe, Costantina Desario, Eleonora Lorusso, Nicola DecaroAbstract:An epidemiological survey for Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) and Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) was conducted in Albania. A total of 57 fecal samples were collected from diarrheic dogs in the District of Tirana during 2011–2013. The molecular assays detected 53 and 31 CPV- and CCoV-positive specimens, respectively, with mixed CPV–CCoV infections diagnosed in 28 dogs. The most frequently detected CPV type was 2a, whereas IIa was the predominant CCoV subtype. A better comprehension of the CPV–CCoV epidemiology in eastern European countries will help to assess the most appropriate vaccination strategies to prevent disease due to infections with these widespread agents of acute gastroenteritis in the dog.
-
Canine Coronavirus, Greece. Molecular analysis and genetic diversity characterization
Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2013Co-Authors: Vasileios Ntafis, Viviana Mari, Maria Papanastassopoulou, Dimitra Pardali, Theophanis Kanellos, Timoleon S Rallis, Canio Buonavoglia, Nicola Decaro, Eftychia XylouriAbstract:Abstract Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) is an etiologic agent of diarrhea in dogs and is known to have spread worldwide. Mild disease or asymptomatic carriage are probably in many cases common outcomes of infection. To date, two different genotypes of CCoV are known, CCoV type I (CCoV-I) and CCoV type II (CCoV-II). CCoV type II is divided in two subtypes, CCoV-IIa (classical strains) and CCoV-IIb, with CCoV-IIb emerging as a result of a putative recombination between CCoV-IIa and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of CCoV in Greece and to genetically analyze the circulating strains. Between December 2007 and December 2009, 206 fecal samples were collected from dogs with diarrhea from kennels, pet shops and veterinary clinics of different country regions. RT-PCR and real time RT-PCR assays were used for CCoV detection and characterization. CCoV was identified in 65.1% of the dogs presenting diarrhea, being more frequently detected in animals younger than 3 months old and in animals housed in groups. In 47% of the positive samples more than one CCoV genotype/subtype were detected, with triple CCoV-I/CCoV-IIa/CCoV-IIb infections being identified for the first time. Molecular and phylogenetic analysis revealed that CCoV-I Greek strains share low genetic relatedness to each other and to the prototype CCoV-I strains in the 5’ end of the S gene. Moreover, a divergent CCoV-IIa strain was identified. The circulation of highly variable CCoV-I and CCoV-IIb emerging strains, as well as the detection of the divergent strain, raise concerns on the importance of these new strains as primary pathogens of diarrhoeic syndromes diagnosed in dogs.
Canio Buonavoglia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Prevalence of Canine Coronavirus antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in dogs in the south of Italy.
Journal of virological methods, 2020Co-Authors: Annamaria Pratelli, Alessandra Palmieri, Francesco Cirone, Antonella Tinelli, Marialaura Corrente, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa), using as antigen Canine Coronavirus-infected CrFK cell supernatant, was developed to detect antibodies against Canine Coronavirus (CCoV). Out of a total of 109 dog serum samples, 80 which were positive by routine virus neutralisation test were also Elisa positive. Seventeen samples which were negative by the virus neutralisation test, were positive by Elisa and by the confirmatory Western blotting test. The Elisa was substantially more sensitive than the virus neutralisation test in detecting antibodies to CCoV and may be used as an alternative technique to virus neutralisation.
-
Full-length genome analysis of Canine Coronavirus type I
Virus Research, 2015Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Giulia Dowgier, Maria Loredana Colaianni, Gianvito Lanave, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:Canine Coronavirus types I (CCoV-I) and II (CCoV-II) are usually responsible for mild enteritis in dogs. While the CCoV-II genome has been completely sequenced, to date there are no complete genomic sequence data available publicly for CCoV-I. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze the full-length genome of a CCoV-I prototype strain that had been recovered from a dog with diarrhea in Italy. CCoV-I strain 23/03 has a genome of 30,000 nucleotides, excluding the 3′ poly(A) tail, displaying the typical AlphaCoronavirus-1 organization and the highest genetic relatedness to CCoV-II. However, two distinct features were observed in the CCoV-I genome: (i) the presence of an additional ORF between the spike (S) protein gene and ORF3a; (ii) the diversity of the S protein, which is more closely related to that of feline Coronavirus type I and presents a furin cleavage site. The present study may contribute to a better understanding of the AlphaCoronavirus-1 evolutionary pattern and may be paradigmatic of how Coronaviruses evolve through gene losses, acquisition and exchanges among different members.
-
Full-Genome Sequence of Pantropic Canine Coronavirus
Genome Announcements, 2015Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Giulia Dowgier, Maria Loredana Colaianni, Gianvito Lanave, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:ABSTRACT Pantropic Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) was first detected in young dogs in Italy in 2005, but the complete genome sequence of this virus had not yet been determined. Here, we report the full-length genome sequence of the prototype strain CB/05, which showed that this virus is genetically similar to CCoV-IIa viruses.
-
Canine Coronavirus, Greece. Molecular analysis and genetic diversity characterization
Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2013Co-Authors: Vasileios Ntafis, Viviana Mari, Maria Papanastassopoulou, Dimitra Pardali, Theophanis Kanellos, Timoleon S Rallis, Canio Buonavoglia, Nicola Decaro, Eftychia XylouriAbstract:Abstract Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) is an etiologic agent of diarrhea in dogs and is known to have spread worldwide. Mild disease or asymptomatic carriage are probably in many cases common outcomes of infection. To date, two different genotypes of CCoV are known, CCoV type I (CCoV-I) and CCoV type II (CCoV-II). CCoV type II is divided in two subtypes, CCoV-IIa (classical strains) and CCoV-IIb, with CCoV-IIb emerging as a result of a putative recombination between CCoV-IIa and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of CCoV in Greece and to genetically analyze the circulating strains. Between December 2007 and December 2009, 206 fecal samples were collected from dogs with diarrhea from kennels, pet shops and veterinary clinics of different country regions. RT-PCR and real time RT-PCR assays were used for CCoV detection and characterization. CCoV was identified in 65.1% of the dogs presenting diarrhea, being more frequently detected in animals younger than 3 months old and in animals housed in groups. In 47% of the positive samples more than one CCoV genotype/subtype were detected, with triple CCoV-I/CCoV-IIa/CCoV-IIb infections being identified for the first time. Molecular and phylogenetic analysis revealed that CCoV-I Greek strains share low genetic relatedness to each other and to the prototype CCoV-I strains in the 5’ end of the S gene. Moreover, a divergent CCoV-IIa strain was identified. The circulation of highly variable CCoV-I and CCoV-IIb emerging strains, as well as the detection of the divergent strain, raise concerns on the importance of these new strains as primary pathogens of diarrhoeic syndromes diagnosed in dogs.
-
Canine Coronavirus vaccine
2012Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:A new pantropic Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) strain, having reduced pathogenicity, and capable of eliciting an immune response, is described.
Viviana Mari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
circulation of pantropic Canine Coronavirus in autochthonous and imported dogs italy
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2020Co-Authors: Flora Alfano, Viviana Mari, Giorgio Galiero, Giovanna Fusco, Costantina Desario, Leonardo Occhiogrosso, Gianluca Miletti, Roberta Brunetti, Margie Cirilli, Nicola DecaroAbstract:Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) strains with the ability to spread to internal organs, also known as pantropic CCoVs (pCCoVs), have been detected in domestic dogs and wild carnivores. Our study focused on the detection and molecular characterization of pCCoV strains circulating in Italy during the period 2014-2017 in autochthonous dogs, in dogs imported from eastern Europe or illegally imported from an unknown country. Samples from the gut and internal organs of 352 dogs were screened for CCoV; putative pCCoV strains, belonging to subtype CCoV-IIa, were identified in the internal organs of 35 of the examined dogs. Fifteen pCCoV strains were subjected to sequence and phylogenetic analyses, showing that three strains (98960-1/2016, 98960-3/2016, 98960-4/2016) did not cluster either with Italian or European CCoVs, being more closely related to alphaCoronaviruses circulating in Asia with which they displayed a 94%-96% nucleotide identity in partial spike protein gene sequences. The pCCoV-positive samples were also tested for other Canine viruses, showing co-infections mainly with Canine parvovirus.
-
Full-length genome analysis of Canine Coronavirus type I
Virus Research, 2015Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Giulia Dowgier, Maria Loredana Colaianni, Gianvito Lanave, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:Canine Coronavirus types I (CCoV-I) and II (CCoV-II) are usually responsible for mild enteritis in dogs. While the CCoV-II genome has been completely sequenced, to date there are no complete genomic sequence data available publicly for CCoV-I. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze the full-length genome of a CCoV-I prototype strain that had been recovered from a dog with diarrhea in Italy. CCoV-I strain 23/03 has a genome of 30,000 nucleotides, excluding the 3′ poly(A) tail, displaying the typical AlphaCoronavirus-1 organization and the highest genetic relatedness to CCoV-II. However, two distinct features were observed in the CCoV-I genome: (i) the presence of an additional ORF between the spike (S) protein gene and ORF3a; (ii) the diversity of the S protein, which is more closely related to that of feline Coronavirus type I and presents a furin cleavage site. The present study may contribute to a better understanding of the AlphaCoronavirus-1 evolutionary pattern and may be paradigmatic of how Coronaviruses evolve through gene losses, acquisition and exchanges among different members.
-
Full-Genome Sequence of Pantropic Canine Coronavirus
Genome Announcements, 2015Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Giulia Dowgier, Maria Loredana Colaianni, Gianvito Lanave, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:ABSTRACT Pantropic Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) was first detected in young dogs in Italy in 2005, but the complete genome sequence of this virus had not yet been determined. Here, we report the full-length genome sequence of the prototype strain CB/05, which showed that this virus is genetically similar to CCoV-IIa viruses.
-
Detection and genetic characterization of Canine parvovirus and Canine Coronavirus strains circulating in district of Tirana in Albania
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2014Co-Authors: Alessandra Cavalli, Viviana Mari, Maria Loredana Colaianni, Francesco Cirone, Domenico Buonavoglia, Ilir Kusi, Ilirjan Kumbe, Costantina Desario, Eleonora Lorusso, Nicola DecaroAbstract:An epidemiological survey for Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) and Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) was conducted in Albania. A total of 57 fecal samples were collected from diarrheic dogs in the District of Tirana during 2011–2013. The molecular assays detected 53 and 31 CPV- and CCoV-positive specimens, respectively, with mixed CPV–CCoV infections diagnosed in 28 dogs. The most frequently detected CPV type was 2a, whereas IIa was the predominant CCoV subtype. A better comprehension of the CPV–CCoV epidemiology in eastern European countries will help to assess the most appropriate vaccination strategies to prevent disease due to infections with these widespread agents of acute gastroenteritis in the dog.
-
Canine Coronavirus, Greece. Molecular analysis and genetic diversity characterization
Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2013Co-Authors: Vasileios Ntafis, Viviana Mari, Maria Papanastassopoulou, Dimitra Pardali, Theophanis Kanellos, Timoleon S Rallis, Canio Buonavoglia, Nicola Decaro, Eftychia XylouriAbstract:Abstract Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) is an etiologic agent of diarrhea in dogs and is known to have spread worldwide. Mild disease or asymptomatic carriage are probably in many cases common outcomes of infection. To date, two different genotypes of CCoV are known, CCoV type I (CCoV-I) and CCoV type II (CCoV-II). CCoV type II is divided in two subtypes, CCoV-IIa (classical strains) and CCoV-IIb, with CCoV-IIb emerging as a result of a putative recombination between CCoV-IIa and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of CCoV in Greece and to genetically analyze the circulating strains. Between December 2007 and December 2009, 206 fecal samples were collected from dogs with diarrhea from kennels, pet shops and veterinary clinics of different country regions. RT-PCR and real time RT-PCR assays were used for CCoV detection and characterization. CCoV was identified in 65.1% of the dogs presenting diarrhea, being more frequently detected in animals younger than 3 months old and in animals housed in groups. In 47% of the positive samples more than one CCoV genotype/subtype were detected, with triple CCoV-I/CCoV-IIa/CCoV-IIb infections being identified for the first time. Molecular and phylogenetic analysis revealed that CCoV-I Greek strains share low genetic relatedness to each other and to the prototype CCoV-I strains in the 5’ end of the S gene. Moreover, a divergent CCoV-IIa strain was identified. The circulation of highly variable CCoV-I and CCoV-IIb emerging strains, as well as the detection of the divergent strain, raise concerns on the importance of these new strains as primary pathogens of diarrhoeic syndromes diagnosed in dogs.
Gabriella Elia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Prevalence of Canine Coronavirus antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in dogs in the south of Italy.
Journal of virological methods, 2020Co-Authors: Annamaria Pratelli, Alessandra Palmieri, Francesco Cirone, Antonella Tinelli, Marialaura Corrente, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa), using as antigen Canine Coronavirus-infected CrFK cell supernatant, was developed to detect antibodies against Canine Coronavirus (CCoV). Out of a total of 109 dog serum samples, 80 which were positive by routine virus neutralisation test were also Elisa positive. Seventeen samples which were negative by the virus neutralisation test, were positive by Elisa and by the confirmatory Western blotting test. The Elisa was substantially more sensitive than the virus neutralisation test in detecting antibodies to CCoV and may be used as an alternative technique to virus neutralisation.
-
Full-length genome analysis of Canine Coronavirus type I
Virus Research, 2015Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Giulia Dowgier, Maria Loredana Colaianni, Gianvito Lanave, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:Canine Coronavirus types I (CCoV-I) and II (CCoV-II) are usually responsible for mild enteritis in dogs. While the CCoV-II genome has been completely sequenced, to date there are no complete genomic sequence data available publicly for CCoV-I. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze the full-length genome of a CCoV-I prototype strain that had been recovered from a dog with diarrhea in Italy. CCoV-I strain 23/03 has a genome of 30,000 nucleotides, excluding the 3′ poly(A) tail, displaying the typical AlphaCoronavirus-1 organization and the highest genetic relatedness to CCoV-II. However, two distinct features were observed in the CCoV-I genome: (i) the presence of an additional ORF between the spike (S) protein gene and ORF3a; (ii) the diversity of the S protein, which is more closely related to that of feline Coronavirus type I and presents a furin cleavage site. The present study may contribute to a better understanding of the AlphaCoronavirus-1 evolutionary pattern and may be paradigmatic of how Coronaviruses evolve through gene losses, acquisition and exchanges among different members.
-
Full-Genome Sequence of Pantropic Canine Coronavirus
Genome Announcements, 2015Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Giulia Dowgier, Maria Loredana Colaianni, Gianvito Lanave, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:ABSTRACT Pantropic Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) was first detected in young dogs in Italy in 2005, but the complete genome sequence of this virus had not yet been determined. Here, we report the full-length genome sequence of the prototype strain CB/05, which showed that this virus is genetically similar to CCoV-IIa viruses.
-
European Surveillance for Pantropic Canine Coronavirus
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2012Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Nathalie Cordonnier, Zoltán Demeter, Sophie Le Poder, Aurélien Grellet, Herman Egberink, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Vasileios NtafisAbstract:Highly virulent pantropic Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) strains belonging to subtype IIa were recently identified in dogs. To assess the distribution of such strains in Europe, tissue samples were collected from 354 dogs that had died after displaying systemic disease in France (n = 92), Hungary (n = 75), Italy (n = 69), Greece (n = 87), The Netherlands (n = 27), Belgium (n = 4), and Bulgaria (n = 1). A total of 124 animals tested positive for CCoV, with 33 of them displaying the virus in extraintestinal tissues. Twenty-four CCoV strains (19.35% of the CCoV-positive dogs) detected in internal organs were characterized as subtype IIa and consequently assumed to be pantropic CCoVs. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the 5′ end of the spike protein gene showed that pantropic CCoV strains are closely related to each other, with the exception of two divergent French viruses that clustered with enteric strains.
-
a pantropic Canine Coronavirus genetically related to the prototype isolate cb 05
Veterinary Microbiology, 2012Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Francesco Cirone, Marcela Von Reitzenstein, Maria Stella Lucente, Vickie L King, Antonio Di Bello, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Katia VarelloAbstract:Abstract We report the genetic and biological characterisation of a novel pantropic Canine Coronavirus (CCoV), strain 450/07, which caused the death of a 60-day-old miniature pinscher. At the genetic level, this virus was strictly related to the prototype strain CB/05, but displayed some unique features. After experimental infection with the new pantropic isolate, most inoculated dogs showed diarrhoea and acute lymphopenia. Gross lesions and histological changes were mainly evident in the gut and lymphoid tissues, although some animals showed remarkable changed also in parenchymatous organs. The viral RNA was detected in the faeces and/or internal organs of most pups. These findings seem to indicate that strain 450/07 is able to spread to internal organs (mainly lymphoid tissues), causing lymphopenia but inducing a mild disease.
Vito Martella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Prevalence of Canine Coronavirus antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in dogs in the south of Italy.
Journal of virological methods, 2020Co-Authors: Annamaria Pratelli, Alessandra Palmieri, Francesco Cirone, Antonella Tinelli, Marialaura Corrente, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa), using as antigen Canine Coronavirus-infected CrFK cell supernatant, was developed to detect antibodies against Canine Coronavirus (CCoV). Out of a total of 109 dog serum samples, 80 which were positive by routine virus neutralisation test were also Elisa positive. Seventeen samples which were negative by the virus neutralisation test, were positive by Elisa and by the confirmatory Western blotting test. The Elisa was substantially more sensitive than the virus neutralisation test in detecting antibodies to CCoV and may be used as an alternative technique to virus neutralisation.
-
Full-length genome analysis of Canine Coronavirus type I
Virus Research, 2015Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Giulia Dowgier, Maria Loredana Colaianni, Gianvito Lanave, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:Canine Coronavirus types I (CCoV-I) and II (CCoV-II) are usually responsible for mild enteritis in dogs. While the CCoV-II genome has been completely sequenced, to date there are no complete genomic sequence data available publicly for CCoV-I. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze the full-length genome of a CCoV-I prototype strain that had been recovered from a dog with diarrhea in Italy. CCoV-I strain 23/03 has a genome of 30,000 nucleotides, excluding the 3′ poly(A) tail, displaying the typical AlphaCoronavirus-1 organization and the highest genetic relatedness to CCoV-II. However, two distinct features were observed in the CCoV-I genome: (i) the presence of an additional ORF between the spike (S) protein gene and ORF3a; (ii) the diversity of the S protein, which is more closely related to that of feline Coronavirus type I and presents a furin cleavage site. The present study may contribute to a better understanding of the AlphaCoronavirus-1 evolutionary pattern and may be paradigmatic of how Coronaviruses evolve through gene losses, acquisition and exchanges among different members.
-
European Surveillance for Pantropic Canine Coronavirus
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2012Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Nathalie Cordonnier, Zoltán Demeter, Sophie Le Poder, Aurélien Grellet, Herman Egberink, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Vasileios NtafisAbstract:Highly virulent pantropic Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) strains belonging to subtype IIa were recently identified in dogs. To assess the distribution of such strains in Europe, tissue samples were collected from 354 dogs that had died after displaying systemic disease in France (n = 92), Hungary (n = 75), Italy (n = 69), Greece (n = 87), The Netherlands (n = 27), Belgium (n = 4), and Bulgaria (n = 1). A total of 124 animals tested positive for CCoV, with 33 of them displaying the virus in extraintestinal tissues. Twenty-four CCoV strains (19.35% of the CCoV-positive dogs) detected in internal organs were characterized as subtype IIa and consequently assumed to be pantropic CCoVs. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the 5′ end of the spike protein gene showed that pantropic CCoV strains are closely related to each other, with the exception of two divergent French viruses that clustered with enteric strains.
-
a pantropic Canine Coronavirus genetically related to the prototype isolate cb 05
Veterinary Microbiology, 2012Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Viviana Mari, Francesco Cirone, Marcela Von Reitzenstein, Maria Stella Lucente, Vickie L King, Antonio Di Bello, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Katia VarelloAbstract:Abstract We report the genetic and biological characterisation of a novel pantropic Canine Coronavirus (CCoV), strain 450/07, which caused the death of a 60-day-old miniature pinscher. At the genetic level, this virus was strictly related to the prototype strain CB/05, but displayed some unique features. After experimental infection with the new pantropic isolate, most inoculated dogs showed diarrhoea and acute lymphopenia. Gross lesions and histological changes were mainly evident in the gut and lymphoid tissues, although some animals showed remarkable changed also in parenchymatous organs. The viral RNA was detected in the faeces and/or internal organs of most pups. These findings seem to indicate that strain 450/07 is able to spread to internal organs (mainly lymphoid tissues), causing lymphopenia but inducing a mild disease.
-
Canine Coronavirus vaccine
2012Co-Authors: Nicola Decaro, Vito Martella, Gabriella Elia, Canio BuonavogliaAbstract:A new pantropic Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) strain, having reduced pathogenicity, and capable of eliciting an immune response, is described.
