The Experts below are selected from a list of 4521 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Veronika Von Messling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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morbilliVirus experimental animal models measles Virus pathogenesis insights from Canine Distemper Virus
Viruses, 2016Co-Authors: Renata Da Fontoura Budaszewski, Veronika Von MesslingAbstract:MorbilliViruses share considerable structural and functional similarities. Even though disease severity varies among the respective host species, the underlying pathogenesis and the clinical signs are comparable. Thus, insights gained with one morbilliVirus often apply to the other members of the genus. Since the Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) causes severe and often lethal disease in dogs and ferrets, it is an attractive model to characterize morbilliVirus pathogenesis mechanisms and to evaluate the efficacy of new prophylactic and therapeutic approaches. This review compares the cellular tropism, pathogenesis, mechanisms of persistence and immunosuppression of the Measles Virus (MeV) and CDV. It then summarizes the contributions made by studies on the CDV in dogs and ferrets to our understanding of MeV pathogenesis and to vaccine and drugs development.
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Viral infectivity and intracellular distribution of matrix (M) protein of Canine Distemper Virus are affected by actin filaments.
Archives of Virology, 2010Co-Authors: F. Klauschies, Veronika Von Messling, Georg Herrler, T. Gützkow, S. Hinkelmann, B. Vaske, L. HaasAbstract:To investigate the role of cytoskeletal components in Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) replication, various agents were used that interfere with turnover of actin filaments and microtubules. Only inhibition of actin filaments significantly reduced viral infectivity. Analysis of the intracellular localization of the viral matrix (M) protein revealed that it aligned along actin filaments. Treatment with actin filament-disrupting drugs led to a marked intracellular redistribution of M protein during infection as well as transfection. In contrast, the localization of the CDV fusion (F) protein was not significantly changed during transfection. Thus, a M protein-actin filament interaction appears to be important for generation of infectious CDV.
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Canine Distemper Virus Infection Requires Cholesterol in the Viral Envelope
Journal of virology, 2007Co-Authors: Heidi Imhoff, Veronika Von Messling, Georg Herrler, L. HaasAbstract:Cholesterol is known to play an important role in stabilizing particular cellular membrane structures, so-called lipid or membrane rafts. For several Viruses, a dependence on cholesterol for Virus entry and/or morphogenesis has been shown. Using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy, we demonstrate that infection of cells by Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) was not impaired after cellular cholesterol had been depleted by the drug methyl-β-cyclodextrin. This effect was independent of the multiplicity of infection and the cellular receptor used for infection. However, cholesterol depletion of the viral envelope significantly reduced CDV infectivity. Replenishment by addition of exogenous cholesterol restored infectivity up to 80%. Thus, we conclude that CDV entry is dependent on cholesterol in the viral envelope. Furthermore, reduced syncytium formation was observed when the cells were cholesterol depleted during the course of the infection. This may be related to the observation that CDV envelope proteins H and F partitioned into cellular detergent-resistant membranes. Therefore, a role for lipid rafts during Virus assembly and release as well is suggested.
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Canine Distemper Virus uses both the anterograde and the hematogenous pathway for neuroinvasion
Journal of Virology, 2006Co-Authors: Penny A Rudd, Roberto Cattaneo, Veronika Von MesslingAbstract:Canine Distemper Virus (CDV), a member of the MorbilliVirus genus that also includes measles Virus, frequently causes neurologic complications, but the routes and timing of CDV invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) are poorly understood. To characterize these events, we cloned and sequenced the genome of a neurovirulent CDV (strain A75/17) and produced an infectious cDNA that expresses the green fluorescent protein. This Virus fully retained its virulence in ferrets: the course and signs of disease were equivalent to those of the parental isolate. We observed CNS invasion through two distinct pathways: anterogradely via the olfactory nerve and hematogenously through the choroid plexus and cerebral blood vessels. CNS invasion only occurred after massive infection of the lymphatic system and spread to the epithelial cells throughout the body. While at early time points, mostly immune and endothelial cells were infected, the Virus later spread to glial cells and neurons. Together, the results suggest similarities in the timing, target cells, and CNS invasion routes of CDV, members of the MorbilliVirus genus, and even other neurovirulent paramyxoViruses like Nipah and mumps Viruses.
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nearby clusters of hemagglutinin residues sustain slam dependent Canine Distemper Virus entry in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Journal of Virology, 2005Co-Authors: Veronika Von Messling, Numan Oezguen, Qi Zheng, Sompong Vongpunsawad, Werner Braun, Roberto CattaneoAbstract:Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM, CD150) is the universal morbilliVirus receptor. Based on the identification of measles Virus (MV) hemagglutinin (H) amino acids supporting human SLAM-dependent cell entry, we mutated Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) H and identified residues necessary for efficient Canine SLAM-dependent membrane fusion. These residues are located in two nearby clusters in a new CDV H structural model. To completely abolish SLAM-dependent fusion, combinations of mutations were necessary. We rescued a SLAM-blind recombinant CDV with six mutations that did not infect ferret peripheral blood mononuclear cells while retaining full infectivity in epithelial cells.
Roberto Cattaneo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Canine Distemper Virus uses both the anterograde and the hematogenous pathway for neuroinvasion
Journal of Virology, 2006Co-Authors: Penny A Rudd, Roberto Cattaneo, Veronika Von MesslingAbstract:Canine Distemper Virus (CDV), a member of the MorbilliVirus genus that also includes measles Virus, frequently causes neurologic complications, but the routes and timing of CDV invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) are poorly understood. To characterize these events, we cloned and sequenced the genome of a neurovirulent CDV (strain A75/17) and produced an infectious cDNA that expresses the green fluorescent protein. This Virus fully retained its virulence in ferrets: the course and signs of disease were equivalent to those of the parental isolate. We observed CNS invasion through two distinct pathways: anterogradely via the olfactory nerve and hematogenously through the choroid plexus and cerebral blood vessels. CNS invasion only occurred after massive infection of the lymphatic system and spread to the epithelial cells throughout the body. While at early time points, mostly immune and endothelial cells were infected, the Virus later spread to glial cells and neurons. Together, the results suggest similarities in the timing, target cells, and CNS invasion routes of CDV, members of the MorbilliVirus genus, and even other neurovirulent paramyxoViruses like Nipah and mumps Viruses.
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nearby clusters of hemagglutinin residues sustain slam dependent Canine Distemper Virus entry in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Journal of Virology, 2005Co-Authors: Veronika Von Messling, Numan Oezguen, Qi Zheng, Sompong Vongpunsawad, Werner Braun, Roberto CattaneoAbstract:Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM, CD150) is the universal morbilliVirus receptor. Based on the identification of measles Virus (MV) hemagglutinin (H) amino acids supporting human SLAM-dependent cell entry, we mutated Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) H and identified residues necessary for efficient Canine SLAM-dependent membrane fusion. These residues are located in two nearby clusters in a new CDV H structural model. To completely abolish SLAM-dependent fusion, combinations of mutations were necessary. We rescued a SLAM-blind recombinant CDV with six mutations that did not infect ferret peripheral blood mononuclear cells while retaining full infectivity in epithelial cells.
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a ferret model of Canine Distemper Virus virulence and immunosuppression
Journal of Virology, 2003Co-Authors: Veronika Von Messling, Christoph Springfeld, Patricia Devaux, Roberto CattaneoAbstract:Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) infects many carnivores, including ferrets and dogs, and is the member of the MorbilliVirus genus most easily amenable to experimentation in a homologous small-animal system. To gain insights into the determinants of CDV pathogenesis, we isolated a strain highly virulent for ferrets by repeated passaging in these animals. Sequence comparison of the genome of this strain with that of its highly attenuated precursor revealed 19 mutations distributed almost evenly in the six genes. We then recovered a Virus from a cDNA copy of the virulent CDV strain's consensus sequence by using a modified reverse genetics system based on B cells. We infected ferrets with this Virus and showed that it fully retained virulence as measured by the timing of rash appearance, disease onset, and death. Body temperature, leukocyte number, lymphocyte proliferation activity, and cell-associated viremia also had similar kinetics. We then addressed the question of the relative importance of the envelope and other viral constituents for virulence. Viruses in which the envelope genes (matrix, fusion, and hemagglutinin) of the virulent strain were combined with the other genes of the attenuated strain caused severe rash and fever even if the disease onset was delayed. Viruses in which the nucleocapsid, polymerase, and phosphoprotein genes (coding also for the V and C proteins) of the virulent strain were combined with the envelope genes of the attenuated strain caused milder signs of disease. Thus, virulence-inducing mutations have accumulated throughout the genome.
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amino terminal precursor sequence modulates Canine Distemper Virus fusion protein function
Journal of Virology, 2002Co-Authors: Veronika Von Messling, Roberto CattaneoAbstract:The fusion (F) proteins of most paramyxoViruses are classical type I glycoproteins with a short hydrophobic leader sequence closely following the translation initiation codon. The predicted reading frame of the Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) F protein is more complex, with a short hydrophobic sequence beginning 115 codons downstream of the first AUG. To verify if the sequence between the first AUG and the hydrophobic region is translated, we produced a specific antiserum that indeed detected a short-lived F protein precursor that we named PreF 0 . A peptide resulting from PreF 0 cleavage was identified and named Pre, and its half-life was measured to be about 30 min. PreF 0 cleavage was completed before proteolytic activation of F 0 into its F 1 and F 2 subunits by furin. To test the hypothesis that the Pre peptide may influence protein activity, we compared the function of F proteins synthesized with that peptide to that of F proteins synthesized with a shorter amino-terminal signal sequence. F proteins synthesized with the Pre peptide were more stable and less active. Thus, the Pre peptide modulates the function of the CDV F protein. Interestingly, a distinct two-hit activation process has been recently described for human respiratory syncytial Virus, another paramyxoVirus.
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the hemagglutinin of Canine Distemper Virus determines tropism and cytopathogenicity
Journal of Virology, 2001Co-Authors: Veronika Von Messling, Georg Herrler, Gert Zimmer, Ludwig Haas, Roberto CattaneoAbstract:Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) and measles Virus (MV) cause severe illnesses in their respective hosts. The Viruses display a characteristic cytopathic effect by forming syncytia in susceptible cells. For CDV, the proficiency of syncytium formation varies among different strains and correlates with the degree of viral attenuation. In this study, we examined the determinants for the differential fusogenicity of the wild-type CDV isolate 5804Han89 (CDV5804), the small- and large-plaque-forming variants of the CDV vaccine strain Onderstepoort (CDVOS and CDVOL, respectively), and the MV vaccine strain Edmonston B (MVEdm). The cotransfection of different combinations of fusion (F) and hemagglutinin (H) genes in Vero cells indicated that the H protein is the main determinant of fusion efficiency. To verify the significance of this observation in the viral context, a reverse genetic system to generate recombinant CDVs was established. This system is based on a plasmid containing the full-length antigenomic sequence of CDVOS. The coding regions of the H proteins of all CDV strains and MVEdm were introduced into the CDV and MV genetic backgrounds, and recombinant Viruses rCDV-H5804, rCDV-HOL, rCDV-HEdm, rMV-H5804, rMV-HOL, and rMV-HOS were recovered. Thus, the H proteins of the two morbilliViruses are interchangeable and fully functional in a heterologous complex. This is in contrast with the glycoproteins of other members of the family Paramyxoviridae, which do not function efficiently with heterologous partners. The fusogenicity, growth characteristics, and tropism of the recombinant Viruses were examined and compared with those of the parental strains. All these characteristics were found to be predominantly mediated by the H protein regardless of the viral backbone used. Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) and Measles Virus (MV) are closely related members of the MorbilliVirus genus in the Paramyxoviridae family in the order Mononegavirales (29). The disease caused by CDV in susceptible animals, like dogs and ferrets, strongly resembles the course of MV infection in humans and is characterized by fever, rash, and leukocytopenia. CDV frequently spreads in the central nervous system and can lead to different neuropathological alterations (48).
Rebecca P Wilkes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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natural Canine Distemper Virus infection in linnaeus s 2 toed sloths choloepus didactylus
Veterinary Pathology, 2020Co-Authors: Allison M Watson, Rebecca P Wilkes, Julie D Sheldon, Andrew C Cushing, Eman Anis, Edward J Dubovi, Linden E CraigAbstract:An outbreak of Canine Distemper Virus in a private zoo in eastern Tennessee in July 2016 led to fatal clinical disease in 5 adult, wild-caught Linnaeus's 2-toed sloths (Choloepus didactylus). Clinical signs included hyporexia, lethargy, mucopurulent nasal discharge, and oral and facial ulcers. At necropsy, affected animals had crusts and ulcers on the lips, nose, tongue, and oral cavity. Microscopically, all sloths had widespread, random, hepatic necrosis; lymphoid depletion; and bronchointerstitial pneumonia. The central nervous system did not contain gross or histopathologic lesions in any of the 5 sloths, although immunoreactivity for viral antigen was present within vessel walls. Epithelial cells and histiocytes within numerous organs contained intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions and occasional syncytial cells. Canine Distemper Virus was confirmed with immunohistochemistry and Virus isolation. Viral sequencing identified the novel American-4 strain prevalent in eastern Tennessee wildlife. This is the first pathologic characterization of Canine Distemper Virus infection in sloths (family Choloepodidae, order Pilosa) and emphasizes the significant morbidity and mortality in this species.
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safety of and humoral immune response to the merial recombitek Canine Distemper Virus vaccine in maned wolves chrysocyon brachyurus
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 2020Co-Authors: Colleen A Barrett, Rebecca P Wilkes, Eman Anis, Priscilla H Joyner, Copper AitkenpalmerAbstract:This study evaluated the safety of and humoral response to the Merial Recombitek® recombinant Canine Distemper Virus (rCDV) vaccine in maned wolves (n = 9, age 2-9 yr). All maned wolves had prior history of annual vaccination with the Merial Purevax® ferret rCDV vaccine. Serum neutralization (SN) to CDV was measured prior to initial vaccination with the rCDV Recombitek vaccine followed by a booster vaccination at 4-6 wk. Final SN titers were obtained at 13 wk post initial vaccination. The maned wolves developed no observable adverse side effects through the study. Pre-Recombitek vaccination SN titers ranged from negative to 1: 8. Postvaccination CDV titers ranged from negative to 1: 8, and were therefore below the range of that considered protective in domestic dogs.
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DS1_JVDI_10.1177_1040638719851832 – Supplemental material for Dual infection with an emergent strain of Canine Distemper Virus and Canine parvoVirus in an Arctic wolf under managed care
2019Co-Authors: Justin M. Stilwell, Rebecca P Wilkes, Eman Anis, Daniel R. RissiAbstract:Supplemental material, DS1_JVDI_10.1177_1040638719851832 for Dual infection with an emergent strain of Canine Distemper Virus and Canine parvoVirus in an Arctic wolf under managed care by Justin M. Stilwell, Eman Anis, Rebecca P. Wilkes and Daniel R. Rissi in Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
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phylogenetic analysis of the wild type strains of Canine Distemper Virus circulating in the united states
Virology Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Neil W Dyer, Eman Anis, Teresa K Newell, Rebecca P WilkesAbstract:Canine Distemper (CD) is a highly contagious, systemic, viral disease of dogs seen worldwide. Despite intensive vaccination in developed countries, recent reports suggest both the re-emergence and increased activity of Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) worldwide, including the United States. CDV is an RNA Virus of the genus MorbilliVirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. Viral genomic RNA encodes six structural proteins. Of the six structural proteins, the hemagglutinin (H) gene has the greatest genetic variation and is therefore a suitable target for molecular epidemiological studies. The majority of neutralizing epitopes are found on the H protein, making this gene also important for evaluation of changes over time that may result in antigenic differences among strains. The aim of this study was to determine the phylogenetic relationship of CDV strains circulating in the US. Fifty-nine positive Canine Distemper Virus samples collected from dogs from different regions and states from 2014 to 2017 were sequenced with a targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) method. The sequences of the H, F, and P genes and the matrix-fusion (M-F) intergenic region of the amplified CDVs were analyzed individually. Sequence analysis of the H gene revealed that there are at least 3 different lineages of CDV currently circulating in the US. These lineages include America-3 (Edomex), America-4, and a clade that was previously reported in association with an outbreak in Wyoming, which was linked to a domestic dog-breeding facility in Kansas in 2010. These lineages differ from the historically identified lineages in the US, including America-1, which contains the majority of the vaccine strains. Genetic differences may result in significant changes to the neutralizing epitopes that consequently may lead to vaccine failure. Phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences obtained in this study of the F and P genes and the M-F intergenic region with sequences from the GenBank database produced similar findings to the H gene analysis. The CDV lineages currently circulating in the US differ from the historically identified lineages America-1. Continuous surveillance is required for monitoring circulating CDV strains in the US, to prevent potential vaccine breakthrough events.
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antigenic analysis of genetic variants of Canine Distemper Virus
Veterinary Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Eman Anis, Amy Holford, Gina Galyon, Rebecca P WilkesAbstract:Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) is an RNA Virus of the genus MorbilliVirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. CDV produces multi-systemic disease in dogs and other terrestrial carnivores. With the development of modified live vaccines in the 1950s and 1960s, the disease, with a few exceptions, has been successfully controlled. However, recently the cases of CDV in vaccinated dogs have been increasing throughout the world, including the United States. There are many reasons that can lead to vaccine failure, including antigenic differences between the vaccine strains and the currently circulating wild-type strains. Currently, there are at least three genetically different CDV lineages circulating in the US. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated various wild-type CDV and vaccine isolates to determine if the genetic differences observed among various strains result in significant antigenic differences based on changes to the neutralizing epitopes. The results of a cross-neutralization assay revealed that there are antigenic differences among the tested CDV wild-type isolates as well as between the tested isolates and the vaccine strains currently used in the US. Therefore, these results suggest the need to develop an updated CDV vaccine.
Eman Anis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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natural Canine Distemper Virus infection in linnaeus s 2 toed sloths choloepus didactylus
Veterinary Pathology, 2020Co-Authors: Allison M Watson, Rebecca P Wilkes, Julie D Sheldon, Andrew C Cushing, Eman Anis, Edward J Dubovi, Linden E CraigAbstract:An outbreak of Canine Distemper Virus in a private zoo in eastern Tennessee in July 2016 led to fatal clinical disease in 5 adult, wild-caught Linnaeus's 2-toed sloths (Choloepus didactylus). Clinical signs included hyporexia, lethargy, mucopurulent nasal discharge, and oral and facial ulcers. At necropsy, affected animals had crusts and ulcers on the lips, nose, tongue, and oral cavity. Microscopically, all sloths had widespread, random, hepatic necrosis; lymphoid depletion; and bronchointerstitial pneumonia. The central nervous system did not contain gross or histopathologic lesions in any of the 5 sloths, although immunoreactivity for viral antigen was present within vessel walls. Epithelial cells and histiocytes within numerous organs contained intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions and occasional syncytial cells. Canine Distemper Virus was confirmed with immunohistochemistry and Virus isolation. Viral sequencing identified the novel American-4 strain prevalent in eastern Tennessee wildlife. This is the first pathologic characterization of Canine Distemper Virus infection in sloths (family Choloepodidae, order Pilosa) and emphasizes the significant morbidity and mortality in this species.
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safety of and humoral immune response to the merial recombitek Canine Distemper Virus vaccine in maned wolves chrysocyon brachyurus
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 2020Co-Authors: Colleen A Barrett, Rebecca P Wilkes, Eman Anis, Priscilla H Joyner, Copper AitkenpalmerAbstract:This study evaluated the safety of and humoral response to the Merial Recombitek® recombinant Canine Distemper Virus (rCDV) vaccine in maned wolves (n = 9, age 2-9 yr). All maned wolves had prior history of annual vaccination with the Merial Purevax® ferret rCDV vaccine. Serum neutralization (SN) to CDV was measured prior to initial vaccination with the rCDV Recombitek vaccine followed by a booster vaccination at 4-6 wk. Final SN titers were obtained at 13 wk post initial vaccination. The maned wolves developed no observable adverse side effects through the study. Pre-Recombitek vaccination SN titers ranged from negative to 1: 8. Postvaccination CDV titers ranged from negative to 1: 8, and were therefore below the range of that considered protective in domestic dogs.
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DS1_JVDI_10.1177_1040638719851832 – Supplemental material for Dual infection with an emergent strain of Canine Distemper Virus and Canine parvoVirus in an Arctic wolf under managed care
2019Co-Authors: Justin M. Stilwell, Rebecca P Wilkes, Eman Anis, Daniel R. RissiAbstract:Supplemental material, DS1_JVDI_10.1177_1040638719851832 for Dual infection with an emergent strain of Canine Distemper Virus and Canine parvoVirus in an Arctic wolf under managed care by Justin M. Stilwell, Eman Anis, Rebecca P. Wilkes and Daniel R. Rissi in Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
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phylogenetic analysis of the wild type strains of Canine Distemper Virus circulating in the united states
Virology Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Neil W Dyer, Eman Anis, Teresa K Newell, Rebecca P WilkesAbstract:Canine Distemper (CD) is a highly contagious, systemic, viral disease of dogs seen worldwide. Despite intensive vaccination in developed countries, recent reports suggest both the re-emergence and increased activity of Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) worldwide, including the United States. CDV is an RNA Virus of the genus MorbilliVirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. Viral genomic RNA encodes six structural proteins. Of the six structural proteins, the hemagglutinin (H) gene has the greatest genetic variation and is therefore a suitable target for molecular epidemiological studies. The majority of neutralizing epitopes are found on the H protein, making this gene also important for evaluation of changes over time that may result in antigenic differences among strains. The aim of this study was to determine the phylogenetic relationship of CDV strains circulating in the US. Fifty-nine positive Canine Distemper Virus samples collected from dogs from different regions and states from 2014 to 2017 were sequenced with a targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) method. The sequences of the H, F, and P genes and the matrix-fusion (M-F) intergenic region of the amplified CDVs were analyzed individually. Sequence analysis of the H gene revealed that there are at least 3 different lineages of CDV currently circulating in the US. These lineages include America-3 (Edomex), America-4, and a clade that was previously reported in association with an outbreak in Wyoming, which was linked to a domestic dog-breeding facility in Kansas in 2010. These lineages differ from the historically identified lineages in the US, including America-1, which contains the majority of the vaccine strains. Genetic differences may result in significant changes to the neutralizing epitopes that consequently may lead to vaccine failure. Phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences obtained in this study of the F and P genes and the M-F intergenic region with sequences from the GenBank database produced similar findings to the H gene analysis. The CDV lineages currently circulating in the US differ from the historically identified lineages America-1. Continuous surveillance is required for monitoring circulating CDV strains in the US, to prevent potential vaccine breakthrough events.
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antigenic analysis of genetic variants of Canine Distemper Virus
Veterinary Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Eman Anis, Amy Holford, Gina Galyon, Rebecca P WilkesAbstract:Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) is an RNA Virus of the genus MorbilliVirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. CDV produces multi-systemic disease in dogs and other terrestrial carnivores. With the development of modified live vaccines in the 1950s and 1960s, the disease, with a few exceptions, has been successfully controlled. However, recently the cases of CDV in vaccinated dogs have been increasing throughout the world, including the United States. There are many reasons that can lead to vaccine failure, including antigenic differences between the vaccine strains and the currently circulating wild-type strains. Currently, there are at least three genetically different CDV lineages circulating in the US. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated various wild-type CDV and vaccine isolates to determine if the genetic differences observed among various strains result in significant antigenic differences based on changes to the neutralizing epitopes. The results of a cross-neutralization assay revealed that there are antigenic differences among the tested CDV wild-type isolates as well as between the tested isolates and the vaccine strains currently used in the US. Therefore, these results suggest the need to develop an updated CDV vaccine.
Selwyn Arlington Headley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Canine Distemper Virus active infection in order Pilosa, family Myrmecophagidae, species Tamandua tetradactyla
Veterinary microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Michele Lunardi, Gabriela Molinari Darold, Alexandre Mendes Amude, Selwyn Arlington Headley, Luciana Sonne, Kelly Cristiane Ito Yamauchi, Fabiana M. Boabaid, Alice Fernandes Alfieri, Amauri Alcindo AlfieriAbstract:Abstract Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) is a highly contagious disease pathogen which causes disease in the domestic dog and species classified in the Canidae, Procyonidae, Mustelidae, Hyaenidae, Ursidae, Viveridae, Felidae, Tayassuidae, and Cercopithecidae families. A combined strategy that involved the direct sequencing of amplicons from genes coding for nucleocapsid, large polymerase, and hemagglutinin proteins of CDV, as well as the pathological findings and the immunohistochemical detection of viral nucleocapsid protein in diverse tissues, confirmed the participation of CDV in the development of a neurological disease in a southern tamandua ( Tamandua tetradactyla ) from Midwestern Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis based on the hemagglutinin gene sequences revealed that the strain from this study grouped with isolates from the Europe 1/South America 1 lineage. The specific polymorphisms at the SLAM receptor-binding site of the hemagglutinin gene, previously linked to disease emergence in novel hosts, were not detected in this genome. These findings represent the first description of CDV-induced infection in the Tamandua tetradactyla and extend the distribution of this infection to include members of the family Myrmecophagidae, order Pilosa.
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Canine Distemper Virus infection with secondary bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia in dogs
Ciencia Rural, 1999Co-Authors: Selwyn Arlington Headley, Dominguita Luhers Graca, Mateus Matiuzzi Da Costa, Agueda Castagna De VargasAbstract:Canine Distemper Virus infection and secondary Bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia are described in mongrel dogs. Canine Distemper was characterised by nonsuppurative demyelinating encephalitis with typical inclusion bodies in astrocytes. B. bronchiseptica was isolated from areas of purulent bronchopneumonia.
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Canine Distemper Virus infection with secondary bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia in dogs infeccao pelo Virus da cinomose com pneumonia secundaria por bordetella bronchiseptica em caes
1999Co-Authors: Santa Maria, Selwyn Arlington Headley, Mateus Matiuzzi Da CostaAbstract:Professor Assistente, Medico Veterinario, MSc., Departmento de Medicina Veterinaria Preventiva, UFSM.SUMMARYCanine Distemper Virus infection and secondaryBordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia are described in mongreldogs. Canine Distemper was characterised by nonsuppurativedemyelinating encephalitis with typical inclusion bodies inastrocytes. B. bronchiseptica was isolated from areas of purulentbronchopneumonia.Key words: dogs, Canine Distemper Virus, Bordetellabronchiseptica, nonsuppurative demyelinatingencephalitis.RESUMOSao descritas as infeccoes simultâneas do Virus dacinomose canina e Bordetella bronchiseptica em caninos semraca definida. As lesoes de cinomose foram caracterizadas porencefalite desmielinizante associada a corpusculos de inclusaoem astrocitos. B. bronchiseptica foi isolada das areas com bron-copneumonia supurativa.Palavras-chave : caes, Virus da cinomose canina, Bordetellabronchiseptica, encefalite desmielinizante nao-supurativa.
