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A H Yaro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mechanisms of Anticonvulsant Action of Residual Aqueous Fraction (RAF) of the Ethanol Root Bark Extract of Carissa edulis
Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2020Co-Authors: Jamilu Ya’u, A H Yaro, J A Anuka, Aliyu M. Musa, Ahmed Abubakar, Sani Mohammed Yahaya, B. A. Chindo, Isa M HussainiAbstract:Preparations of Carissa edulis (Vahl) have been used in the Nigerian traditional medicine for the management of fever, sickle cell disease, epilepsy, pain cancer and inflammatory conditions for many years and their efficacy is widely acclaimed among the Hausa communities of Northern Nigeria. The possible mechanism(s) involved in the anticonvulsant action of residual aqueous fraction of ethanol root bark extract of Carissa edulis (RAF) were determined using flumazenil, naloxone, cyproheptadine, bisindolylmaleimide (BIM), ibuprofen and misoprostol. Flumazenil antagonized the anticonvulsant effect of both RAF and diazepam, while BIM promoted their anticonvulsant effect. However, naloxone and cyproheptadine did not affect the RAF anticonvulsant effect. Ketoprofen increased the RAF and valproate anticonvulsant activity while misoprostol did not alter their effects. The interaction studies revealed that GABAergic, glycine, serotonergic and opioid neurotransmission were found to be involved in the RAF anticonvulsant effects. Keywords : Anticonvulsant, Bisindolylmaleimide, Flumazenil, GABA, serotonergic, opioids
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Antipsychotic and sedative effects of residual aqueous fraction of ethanol root bark extract of Carissa edulis (Vahl) in mice
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioresources, 2018Co-Authors: Jamilu Ya’u, Sani Malami, Zachariah Bako, Maimouna Moustapha, A H YaroAbstract:Carissa edulis (Vahl) (Family Apocynaceae) is used traditionally for the treatment of headache, gonorrhea, syphilis, rheumatism, epilepsy and mental disorders. This study investigated the antipsychotic and sedative effects of the residual aqueous fraction of ethanolic root bark extract of Carissa edulis using mice models: apomorphine-induced stereotypic climbing behaviour, amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion in open field, walking beam assay for motor coordination deficit, hole board test for exploratory behavior and diazepam-induced sleep. The residual aqueous fraction (RAF) at 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg, produced significant dose dependent decrease (p
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Anticonvulsant activity of aqueous fraction of Carissa edulis root bark.
Pharmaceutical Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Jamilu Ya’u, A H Yaro, J A Anuka, M A Musa, Sani Malami, Ahmed Abubakar, Sani Mohammed Yahaya, B. A. Chindo, Isa M HussainiAbstract:AbstractContext: Carissa edulis Vahl (Apocynaceae) is used in Nigerian folk medicine to manage a plethora of diseases including epilepsy, cancer, and inflammation; its efficacy is widely acclaimed among communities of northern Nigeria.Objective: This study establishes anticonvulsant activities of aqueous fraction of ethanol root bark extract of Carissa edulis (RAF) and sub-fractions (S1 and S2) in animal models.Materials and methods: We evaluated the acute toxicity of the RAF, S1 and S2, and the anticonvulsant activity using pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), picrotoxin, strychnine, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), isoniazid (INH), and aminophylline-induced seizures in mice. Their effects on maximal electroshock (MES) and kindling-induced seizures were studied in chicks and in rats, respectively, and in the electrophysiological study. The doses used for RAF were 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg while S1 and S2 were 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. Both RAF and sub-fractions were administered once during the experiment.Results: The in...
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analgesic and anti inflammatory activities of the saponins extract of Carissa edulis root in rodents
International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2011Co-Authors: Halimatu S Hassan, M I Sule, M A Musa, A A Emmanuel, H Ibrahim, A S Hassan, A H YaroAbstract:The saponins extract of Carissa edulis Vahl family Apocynaceae was investigated for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The analgesic activity was studied using hot-plate and acetic acid-induced writhing tests in mice while the anti-inflammatory activity was studied using carrageenan-induced paw oedema test in rats. The saponins extract at all the doses tested showed statistically significant analgesic activity (P © 2010 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Carissa edulis, triterpenoid saponins, analgesic activity, anti-inflammatory activity.
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anticonvulsant activity of Carissa edulis vahl apocynaceae root bark extract
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2008Co-Authors: A H Yaro, M S Abubakar, J A Anuka, Isa M HussainiAbstract:Abstract Aim of the study To investigate the anticonvulsant activity of root bark extract of Carissa edulis . Materials and methods The median lethal dose (LD 50 ) of Carissa edulis extract was determined using Lork’s method (1983). The anticonvulsant activity of the extract was assessed in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsion in mice and maximal electroshock test (MEST) in chicks, with benzodiazepine and phenytoin as standard drugs, respectively. While mechanistic studies were conducted using both flumazenil, a GABA A -benzodiazepine receptor complex site antagonist and naloxone a non-specific opioid receptor antagonist. Results The median lethal dose (LD 50 ) of Carissa edulis was 282.8 mg/kg and over 5000 mg/kg following intraperitoneal and oral administration, respectively. Carissa edulis produced 40% and 20% protection against convulsion at 5 and 20 mg/kg, respectively, compared with 100% protection with benzodiazepine. The mean onset and percentage protection against convulsion in Carissa edulis extract-treated mice were reduced by flumazenil and naloxone. Carissa edulis exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of the convulsion induced by MEST with 20 mg/kg providing 90% protection while phenytoin (20 mg/kg) produced 100% protection. Conclusion These results suggest that Carissa edulis possesses biologically active constituent(s) that have anticonvulsant activity which supports the ethnomedicinal claims of the use of the plant in the management of epilepsy.
Isa M Hussaini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mechanisms of Anticonvulsant Action of Residual Aqueous Fraction (RAF) of the Ethanol Root Bark Extract of Carissa edulis
Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2020Co-Authors: Jamilu Ya’u, A H Yaro, J A Anuka, Aliyu M. Musa, Ahmed Abubakar, Sani Mohammed Yahaya, B. A. Chindo, Isa M HussainiAbstract:Preparations of Carissa edulis (Vahl) have been used in the Nigerian traditional medicine for the management of fever, sickle cell disease, epilepsy, pain cancer and inflammatory conditions for many years and their efficacy is widely acclaimed among the Hausa communities of Northern Nigeria. The possible mechanism(s) involved in the anticonvulsant action of residual aqueous fraction of ethanol root bark extract of Carissa edulis (RAF) were determined using flumazenil, naloxone, cyproheptadine, bisindolylmaleimide (BIM), ibuprofen and misoprostol. Flumazenil antagonized the anticonvulsant effect of both RAF and diazepam, while BIM promoted their anticonvulsant effect. However, naloxone and cyproheptadine did not affect the RAF anticonvulsant effect. Ketoprofen increased the RAF and valproate anticonvulsant activity while misoprostol did not alter their effects. The interaction studies revealed that GABAergic, glycine, serotonergic and opioid neurotransmission were found to be involved in the RAF anticonvulsant effects. Keywords : Anticonvulsant, Bisindolylmaleimide, Flumazenil, GABA, serotonergic, opioids
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Anticonvulsant activity of aqueous fraction of Carissa edulis root bark.
Pharmaceutical Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Jamilu Ya’u, A H Yaro, J A Anuka, M A Musa, Sani Malami, Ahmed Abubakar, Sani Mohammed Yahaya, B. A. Chindo, Isa M HussainiAbstract:AbstractContext: Carissa edulis Vahl (Apocynaceae) is used in Nigerian folk medicine to manage a plethora of diseases including epilepsy, cancer, and inflammation; its efficacy is widely acclaimed among communities of northern Nigeria.Objective: This study establishes anticonvulsant activities of aqueous fraction of ethanol root bark extract of Carissa edulis (RAF) and sub-fractions (S1 and S2) in animal models.Materials and methods: We evaluated the acute toxicity of the RAF, S1 and S2, and the anticonvulsant activity using pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), picrotoxin, strychnine, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), isoniazid (INH), and aminophylline-induced seizures in mice. Their effects on maximal electroshock (MES) and kindling-induced seizures were studied in chicks and in rats, respectively, and in the electrophysiological study. The doses used for RAF were 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg while S1 and S2 were 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. Both RAF and sub-fractions were administered once during the experiment.Results: The in...
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anticonvulsant activity of Carissa edulis vahl apocynaceae root bark extract
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2008Co-Authors: A H Yaro, M S Abubakar, J A Anuka, Isa M HussainiAbstract:Abstract Aim of the study To investigate the anticonvulsant activity of root bark extract of Carissa edulis . Materials and methods The median lethal dose (LD 50 ) of Carissa edulis extract was determined using Lork’s method (1983). The anticonvulsant activity of the extract was assessed in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsion in mice and maximal electroshock test (MEST) in chicks, with benzodiazepine and phenytoin as standard drugs, respectively. While mechanistic studies were conducted using both flumazenil, a GABA A -benzodiazepine receptor complex site antagonist and naloxone a non-specific opioid receptor antagonist. Results The median lethal dose (LD 50 ) of Carissa edulis was 282.8 mg/kg and over 5000 mg/kg following intraperitoneal and oral administration, respectively. Carissa edulis produced 40% and 20% protection against convulsion at 5 and 20 mg/kg, respectively, compared with 100% protection with benzodiazepine. The mean onset and percentage protection against convulsion in Carissa edulis extract-treated mice were reduced by flumazenil and naloxone. Carissa edulis exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of the convulsion induced by MEST with 20 mg/kg providing 90% protection while phenytoin (20 mg/kg) produced 100% protection. Conclusion These results suggest that Carissa edulis possesses biologically active constituent(s) that have anticonvulsant activity which supports the ethnomedicinal claims of the use of the plant in the management of epilepsy.
Sumaira Sahreen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cardioprotective role of leaves extracts of Carissa opaca against ccl4 induced toxicity in rats
BMC Research Notes, 2014Co-Authors: Sumaira Sahreen, Muhammad Rashid Khan, Rahmat Ali Khan, Huda Mohammed AlkreathyAbstract:Background: Carissa opaca are used traditionally in Pakistan for the treatment of various human ailments. Therefore, the study is arranged out to assess the cardio protective potential of different fractions of Carissa opaca leaves on CCl4-induced oxidative trauma in kidney. Methods: The parameters studied in this respect were the cardiac function test (CK (U/l), CKMB (U/l), genotoxicity (% DNA fragmentation), characteristic morphological findings and antioxidant enzymatic level of cardiac tissue homogenate. Result: The protective effects of various fractions of Carissa opaca (C. opaca) leaves extract against CCl4 administration was reviewed by rat cardiac functions alterations. Chronic toxicity caused by eight week treatment of CCl4 to the rats significantly changed the cardiac function test, decreased the activitie so f antioxidant enzymes and glutathione contents whereas significant increase was found in lipid peroxidation comparative to control group. Administration of various fractions of C. opaca leaves extract with CCl4 showed protective ability against CCl4 intoxication by restoring the cardiac functions alterations, activities of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in rat. CCl4 induction in rats also caused DNA fragmentation and histopathalogical abnormalities which were restored by co-admistration of various fraction of C. opaca leaves extract.
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effects of Carissa opaca fruits extracts on oxidative pulmonary damages and fibrosis in rats
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Sumaira Sahreen, Muhammad Rashid Khan, Rahmat Ali KhanAbstract:Background Carissa opaca is a Pakistani fruit, traditionally used in the treatment of various human ailments including asthma and pulmonary damage. The present study investigated the protective effects of Carissa opaca against CCl4-induced oxidative stress in rat lungs.
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estimation of flavoniods antimicrobial antitumor and anticancer activity of Carissa opaca fruits
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Sumaira Sahreen, Muhammad Rashid Khan, Rahmat Ali Khan, Naseer Ali ShahAbstract:Background Carissa opaca Stapf ex Hanes fruits is traditionally used in the treatment of asthma, hepatitis and microbial infections. The present study was arranged to investigate the antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antitumor activity of various fractions of C. opaca extract and its bioactive metabolites responsible for that activity.
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effect of Carissa opaca leaves extract on lipid peroxidation antioxidant activity and reproductive hormones in male rats
Lipids in Health and Disease, 2013Co-Authors: Sumaira Sahreen, Muhammad Rashid Khan, Rahmat Ali Khan, Naseer Ali ShahAbstract:Background Carissa opaca leaves are traditionally used in the treatment of male dysfunction and hormonal disorder as well as in oxidative stress in Pakistan and Asia. The present study was designed to assess the protective effects of methanolic extract of Carissa opaca leaves (MLC) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced reproductive stress in male rats and bioactive constituents responsible for the activity.
R J Bensadoun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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compliance and toxicity profiles of the Carissa trial of postoperative cisplatin based chemoradiation gefitinib in head and neck cancer
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2016Co-Authors: J Thariat, D De Raucourt, P Giraud, F Peyrade, O Dassonville, Alain Cosmidis, G Dolivet, G Calais, J Santini, R J BensadounAbstract:e22152 Background: Concurrent cisplatin and postoperative irradiation (PORT) is the standard treatment for resected poor-risk squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) . However, a substantial number of patients fail to respond. Anti-EGFR agents, such as gefitinib, may improve outcomes and molecular markers might predict treatment efficacy. This was the basis for the Carissa trial. There was some concern after hemorrhagic events occurred in a large independent trial of recurrent unresectable HNSCC. This caused a temporary interruption and safety profile analysis of Carissa, which resumed after security reports showed no excess of hemorrhagic events. Methods: The Carissa multicenter blinded randomized phase II trial compares PORT and cisplatin alone (arm A) or in combination with the EGFR Inhibitor ZD1839 gefitinib (arm B) in HNSCC and analyses EGFR-binding, gene polymorphisms, Western Blotting and immunohistochemistry. Patients are followed weekly. Toxicities are graded according to the NCI/CTC...
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Compliance and toxicity profiles of the Carissa trial of postoperative cisplatin-based chemoradiation ± gefitinib in head and neck cancer
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2016Co-Authors: J Thariat, D De Raucourt, P Giraud, F Peyrade, O Dassonville, Alain Cosmidis, G Dolivet, G Calais, J Santini, R J BensadounAbstract:e22152 Background: Concurrent cisplatin and postoperative irradiation (PORT) is the standard treatment for resected poor-risk squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) . However, a substantial number of patients fail to respond. Anti-EGFR agents, such as gefitinib, may improve outcomes and molecular markers might predict treatment efficacy. This was the basis for the Carissa trial. There was some concern after hemorrhagic events occurred in a large independent trial of recurrent unresectable HNSCC. This caused a temporary interruption and safety profile analysis of Carissa, which resumed after security reports showed no excess of hemorrhagic events. Methods: The Carissa multicenter blinded randomized phase II trial compares PORT and cisplatin alone (arm A) or in combination with the EGFR Inhibitor ZD1839 gefitinib (arm B) in HNSCC and analyses EGFR-binding, gene polymorphisms, Western Blotting and immunohistochemistry. Patients are followed weekly. Toxicities are graded according to the NCI/CTC...
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correlative analyses between egfr pathways and stroma tumor profiles in head and neck cancer patients hnscc on postoperative radiotherapy plus cisplatin portc plus or minus gefitinib gortec gettec Carissa trial implications for sensitivity to gefitin
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2010Co-Authors: J Thariat, D De Raucourt, R J Bensadoun, Dominique Grall, Mariechristine Etiennegrimaldi, Frederique Penaultllorca, M Francoual, Gerard Milano, P Garaud, Vanobberghen E SchillingAbstract:TPS268 Background: PORTc is the standard treatment for resected poor-prognosis HNSCC. However, numerous patients fail. Anti-EGFR agent gefitinib is radiosensitizing. Gefitinib has FDA approval for EGFR-mutated lung cancer patients. Carissa aims are: test the PORTc-gefitinib combination + identify a HNSCC subgroup sensitive to gefitinib. Prior Carissa communication showed similar compliance to PORTc and no excessive toxicity. EGFR tyrosine-kinase domain mutations are anecdotic in HNSCC; Braf and Ras require investigations. Preliminary reports suggest that PTEN, pAkt, Ecadherin confer resistance to gefitinib in HNSCC. Human papilloma virus and tumor-stroma-EGFR pathways profiles are yet partially unknown in HNSCC despite publications on the role of stroma (matrix, tumor-activated fibroblasts) in tumor progression, invasiveness. The availability of operative samples was a unique opportunity to investigate the overall tumor behavior and response to gefitinib in regards to recent enlightenments on tumor biolog...
Rahmat Ali Khan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cardioprotective role of leaves extracts of Carissa opaca against ccl4 induced toxicity in rats
BMC Research Notes, 2014Co-Authors: Sumaira Sahreen, Muhammad Rashid Khan, Rahmat Ali Khan, Huda Mohammed AlkreathyAbstract:Background: Carissa opaca are used traditionally in Pakistan for the treatment of various human ailments. Therefore, the study is arranged out to assess the cardio protective potential of different fractions of Carissa opaca leaves on CCl4-induced oxidative trauma in kidney. Methods: The parameters studied in this respect were the cardiac function test (CK (U/l), CKMB (U/l), genotoxicity (% DNA fragmentation), characteristic morphological findings and antioxidant enzymatic level of cardiac tissue homogenate. Result: The protective effects of various fractions of Carissa opaca (C. opaca) leaves extract against CCl4 administration was reviewed by rat cardiac functions alterations. Chronic toxicity caused by eight week treatment of CCl4 to the rats significantly changed the cardiac function test, decreased the activitie so f antioxidant enzymes and glutathione contents whereas significant increase was found in lipid peroxidation comparative to control group. Administration of various fractions of C. opaca leaves extract with CCl4 showed protective ability against CCl4 intoxication by restoring the cardiac functions alterations, activities of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in rat. CCl4 induction in rats also caused DNA fragmentation and histopathalogical abnormalities which were restored by co-admistration of various fraction of C. opaca leaves extract.
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effects of Carissa opaca fruits extracts on oxidative pulmonary damages and fibrosis in rats
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Sumaira Sahreen, Muhammad Rashid Khan, Rahmat Ali KhanAbstract:Background Carissa opaca is a Pakistani fruit, traditionally used in the treatment of various human ailments including asthma and pulmonary damage. The present study investigated the protective effects of Carissa opaca against CCl4-induced oxidative stress in rat lungs.
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estimation of flavoniods antimicrobial antitumor and anticancer activity of Carissa opaca fruits
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Sumaira Sahreen, Muhammad Rashid Khan, Rahmat Ali Khan, Naseer Ali ShahAbstract:Background Carissa opaca Stapf ex Hanes fruits is traditionally used in the treatment of asthma, hepatitis and microbial infections. The present study was arranged to investigate the antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antitumor activity of various fractions of C. opaca extract and its bioactive metabolites responsible for that activity.
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effect of Carissa opaca leaves extract on lipid peroxidation antioxidant activity and reproductive hormones in male rats
Lipids in Health and Disease, 2013Co-Authors: Sumaira Sahreen, Muhammad Rashid Khan, Rahmat Ali Khan, Naseer Ali ShahAbstract:Background Carissa opaca leaves are traditionally used in the treatment of male dysfunction and hormonal disorder as well as in oxidative stress in Pakistan and Asia. The present study was designed to assess the protective effects of methanolic extract of Carissa opaca leaves (MLC) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced reproductive stress in male rats and bioactive constituents responsible for the activity.