The Experts below are selected from a list of 291 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Sandra Braman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Change of State information policy and power
    First Monday, 2007
    Co-Authors: Sandra Braman
    Abstract:

    How control over information creation, processing, flows, and use has become the most effective form of power: theoretical foundations and empirical examples of information policy in the U.S., an innovator informational State? As the informational State replaces the bureaucratic welfare State, control over information creation, processing, flows, and use has become the most effective form of power. In "Change of State", Sandra Braman examines the theoretical and practical ramifications of this "Change of State." She looks at the ways in which governments are deliberate, explicit, and consistent in their use of information policy to exercise power, exploring not only such familiar topics as intellectual property rights and privacy but also areas in which policy is highly effective but little understood. Such lesser-known issues include hybrid citizenship, the use of "functionally equivalent borders" internally to allow exceptions to U.S. law, research funding, census methods, and network interconnection. Trends in information policy, argues Braman, both manifest and trigger Change in the nature of governance itself. After laying the theoretical, conceptual, and historical foundations for understanding the informational State, Braman examines 20 information policy principles found in the U.S Constitution. She then explores the effects of U.S. information policy on the identity, structure, borders, and Change processes of the State itself and on the individuals, communities, and organisations that make up the State. Looking across the breadth of the legal system, she presents current law as well as trends in and consequences of several information policy issues in each category affected. "Change of State" introduces information policy on two levels, coupling discussions of specific contemporary problems with more abstract analysis drawing on social theory and empirical research as well as law. Most important, the book provides a way of understanding how information policy brings about the fundamental social Changes that come with the transformation to the informational State.

Jacqueline Nadel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • morphing technique reveals intact perception of object motion and disturbed perception of emotional expressions by low functioning adolescents with autism spectrum disorder
    Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2015
    Co-Authors: Bora Han, Jacqueline Nadel, Florence Le Barillier, Charles Tijus
    Abstract:

    A morphing procedure has been designed to compare directly the perception of emotional expressions and of moving objects. Morphing tasks were presented to 12 low-functioning teenagers with Autism Spectrum Disorder (LF ASD) compared to 12 developmental age-matched typical children and a group presenting ceiling performance. In a first study, when presented with morphed stimuli of objects and emotional faces, LF ASD showed an intact perception of object Change of State together with an impaired perception of emotional facial Change of State. In a second study, an eye-tracker recorded visual exploration of morphed emotional stimuli displayed by a human face and a robotic set-up. Facing the morphed robotic stimuli, LF ASD displayed equal duration of fixations toward emotional regions and toward mechanical sources of motion, while the typical groups tracked the emotional regions only. Altogether the findings of the two studies suggest that individuals with ASD process motion rather than emotional signals when facing facial expressions.

Andrew Koontz-garboden - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Roots of Verbal Meaning - Entailments of Change in the roots of Change-of-State verbs
    The Roots of Verbal Meaning, 2020
    Co-Authors: John Beavers, Andrew Koontz-garboden
    Abstract:

    Chapter 2 examines the semantic and morphological predictions of Bifurcation, focusing on the roots of Change-of-State verbs and their stative correlates. Using evidence from entailment, morphology, and sublexical modification it shows that English verbal roots fall into two classes. The flat class describe simple States, while the crack class describe States but also entail that the State came about from Change, a templatic notion. A formal analysis of the semantic and morphological properties of the two classes is proposed, albeit one that rejects Bifurcation. It then considers a variety of alternative analyses that preserve Bifurcation, which all come at some theoretical and empirical cost.

  • Two types of States: A cross-linguistic study of Change-of-State verb roots
    Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America, 2017
    Co-Authors: John Beavers, Kyle Jerro, Andrew Koontz-garboden, Michael Everdell, Henri Kauhanen, Elise Lebovidge, Stephen Nichols
    Abstract:

    Event structural theories decompose verb meanings into an event template and idiosyncratic root. Many mainstream theories assume a bifurcation in the kinds of entailments contributed by roots and templates, in particular that lexical entailments of Change of an individual in Change-of-State verbs are only introduced by templates, not roots. We argue against such theories by comparing Levin's (1993) non-deadjectival vs. deadjectival Change-of-State verb roots (e.g. crack vs. red roots). A broad-scale typological study reveals that red -type roots tend to have simple (e.g. non-deverbal) stative forms, but crack -type roots do not. Semantic studies of Kakataibo and English show that terms built on crack -type roots always entail Change, while terms based on red -type roots may not. We thus suggest that crack -type roots entail Change-of-State, contra Bifurcation.

  • Aspectual coercion and the typology of Change of State predicates
    Journal of Linguistics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Andrew Koontz-garboden
    Abstract:

    The point of departure of this paper is the consideration of how words with the meanings of property concept States (States that are lexicalized as adjectives in languages that have that lexical category, cf. Dixon 1982), e.g. ‘red’, are related to words denoting their corresponding Change of State, e.g. ‘redden’. It is shown that while many languages relate words with these meanings to one another via some morpholexical process, this is not so in the Polynesian language Tongan. A detailed case study shows that in this language there are no non-causative Change of State lexemes based on property concepts. Rather, these meanings are derived pragmatically from verbs denoting the corresponding State via aspectual coercion (Moens & Steedman 1988, Jackendo! 1997, de Swart 1998, Zucchi 1998, Michaelis 2004). This finding is shown to have consequences for the understanding of the typology of Change of State predicates (Koontz-Garboden 2005, 2006, Koontz-Garboden & Levin 2005) and for theories of event structure: (a) the typological space is broader than previously thought and (b) theories of event structure need to be reconsidered in order to account for the postlexical derivation of meaning.

Andrea Golato - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • German oh: Marking an Emotional Change of State
    Research on Language & Social Interaction, 2012
    Co-Authors: Andrea Golato
    Abstract:

    Working within a conversation analytic framework, this article analyzes the use and function of oh in conversational German and compares it to ach in German and oh in English. The analysis shows that both ach and oh are Change-of-State tokens like English oh, but while ach is typically used for cognitive Changes of State, oh is typically used to mark affective Changes of State. The emotions communicated by oh are varied, and both the phonetic realization and the sequential placement of the token contribute to its meaning. The article discusses the implications of the findings for the study of emotions and cross-cultural comparisons of tokens.

Ellen H. Courtney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Child acquisition of Quechua causatives and Change-of-State verbs
    Language, 2002
    Co-Authors: Ellen H. Courtney
    Abstract:

    This paper uses data concerning the acquisition of Quechua causatives to explore the development of morphological features that reflect variation in argument structure: (1) case-marking on the causees of morphological causatives, and (2) transitivity permutations for Change-of-State verbs. Quechua speakers assign to the causee varying degrees of volitional control through use of different case inflections. As to Quechua Change-of-State verbs, those corresponding to verbs that participate in the causative alternation in other languages, such as English ‘break’ and ‘boil’, pose a particular challenge. According to Levin & Rappaport Hovav (1994, 1995), these verbs tend to be basically transitive across languages, with the intransitive variant formed morphologically, and they express eventualities that are externally caused. In Quechua, many such verbs are basically intransitive, with the transitive variant constructed morphologically. Naturalistic data from five Quechua-speaking children aged 2;4 through 3;5...