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Jane Fromont - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Biogeography and Phylogeny of Unicellular Cyanobacterial Symbionts in Sponges from Australia and the Mediterranean
Microbial Ecology, 2004Co-Authors: K.m. Usher, D.c. Sutton, Jane Fromont, Simon TozeAbstract:The distribution, host associations, and phylogenetic relationships of the unicellular cyanobacterial symbionts of selected marine sponges were investigated with direct 16s rDNA sequencing. The results indicate that the symbionts of the marine sponges Aplysina aerophoba , Ircinia variabilis , and Petrosia ficiformis from the Mediterranean, four Chondrilla species from Australia and the Mediterranean, and Haliclona sp. from Australia support a diversity of symbionts comprising at least four closely related species of Synechococcus . These include the symbionts presently described as Aphanocapsa feldmannii from P. ficiformis and Chondrilla nucula . A fifth symbiont from Cymbastela marshae in Australia is an undescribed symbiont of sponges, related to Oscillatoria rosea . One symbiont, Candidatus Synechococcus spongiarum , was found in diverse sponge genera in the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian, Pacific, and Southern oceans, whereas others were apparently more restricted in host association and distribution. These results are discussed in terms of the biodiversity and biogeographic distributions of cyanobacterial symbionts.
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A new species of cyanobacterial symbiont from the marine sponge Chondrilla nucula
Symbiosis, 2004Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Simon Toze, Jane Fromont, John Kuo, David C. SuttonAbstract:Partial 16s rDNA sequencing results indicate that the unicellular cyanobacterial symbionts of the sponge species Chondrilla nucula, from the Mediterranean Sea, and C. australiensis, from Australia, are the same, and comprise a unique species. This cyanobacterium belongs to the genus Synechococcus, and occurs in the surface tissues of these sponges, as demonstrated with Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) using a sequence-specific DNA probe, and with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). We propose the name Candidatus Synechococcus spongiarum sp. nov. for this symbiont. The cyanobacterial symbiont Aphanocapsa feldmannii (Fremy), hosted by the marine sponge Petrosia fιciformis from the Mediterranean Sea, is a separate, but closely related, species also belonging to the genus Synechococcus.
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Biogeography and phylogeny of Chondrilla species (Demospongiae) in Australia
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2004Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Simon Toze, David C. Sutton, John Kuo, Jane FromontAbstract:The biogeography and phylogeny of Chondrilla (Porifera, Demospongiae) species in Australia is poorly understood. Until the present study was carried out, 4 Chondrilla species were thought to occur in the waters of Australia and its territories: C. australiensis, C. secunda, C. mixta and C. nucula. However, the type specimen of the latter comes from the Adriatic Sea, and it has always been uncertain whether this species is present in Australia. The difficulty in determining the number of species of Chondrilla and their biogeography is largely due to the paucity of phenotypic characters that are normally used for identification. To clarify the diversity and distribution of sponges in this genus in Australia, DNA sequence analysis was applied to samples of Chondrilla from around Australia and compared to C. nucula from the Mediterranean. Classical taxonomic tech- niques were used to confirm the molecular results. Evidence was found for 3 species of Chondrilla in the temperate southern oceans of Australia with one, C. australiensis, also extending into tropical waters. All 3 species were distinct from C. nucula, which was not found in Australian waters in this study. The distribution of C. australiensis suggests that larvae and/or fragments of this sponge are able to disperse across very large distances around the coastline of Australia. Species identification based on direct sequencing of the D2 region in the 28S rDNA and ITS1- 5.8S- ITS2 region was in agreement with results using classical taxonomic techniques.
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Sexual reproduction in Chondrilla australiensis (Porifera : Demospongiae)
Marine and Freshwater Research, 2004Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Simon Toze, David C. Sutton, John Kuo, Jane FromontAbstract:Increasingly, sponges are being used as models for a wide range of biological systems. However, little is known about the reproductive biology of a group that has been shown to lack gonads or gonadal ducts. The development of gametes in the oviparous demosponge Chondrilla australiensis at Fremantle, Western Australia, was investigated using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy over 5 years. Results indicate that C. australiensis is gonochoric and oviparous. Egg and sperm development were first apparent inside choanocyte chambers, with both types of gamete apparently developing from choanocytes. During egg development, large numbers of nurse cells appeared attached to eggs, with which they fused at the time of spawning. The origin of the nurse cells remains unclear, but they may also have a choanocyte origin. Eggs took 4 weeks to develop and sperm took approximately 2 weeks, during which time the nucleus condensed and the cytoplasm reduced. Mature sperm could occupy almost the entire matrix of fecund males and were not contained in cysts. Spawning occurred in late summer and autumn over a period of 4-5 days, when the tides were at the maximum height for the month.
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Vertical transmission of cyanobacterial symbionts in the marine sponge Chondrilla australiensis (Demospongiae)
Hydrobiologia, 2001Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Jane Fromont, David C. SuttonAbstract:The cyanobacterial symbionts of the marine sponge Chondrilla australiensis (Demospongiae) were examined using fluorescent microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Unicellular cyanobacteria with ultrastructure resembling Aphanocapsa feldmannii occur in the cortex and bacterial symbionts are located throughout the mesohyl. In C. australiensis , the developing eggs are distributed throughout the mesohyl and are surrounded by nurse cells attached to them by thin filaments. The nurse cells form cytoplasmic bridges with the eggs, apparently releasing their contents into the egg cytoplasm. The presence of cyanobacterial and bacterial symbionts inside developing eggs and nurse cells in 25% of female Chondrilla australiensis was established using Transmission Electron Microscopy, suggesting that these symbionts are sometimes passed on to the next generation of sponges via the eggs.
Simon Toze - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Biogeography and Phylogeny of Unicellular Cyanobacterial Symbionts in Sponges from Australia and the Mediterranean
Microbial Ecology, 2004Co-Authors: K.m. Usher, D.c. Sutton, Jane Fromont, Simon TozeAbstract:The distribution, host associations, and phylogenetic relationships of the unicellular cyanobacterial symbionts of selected marine sponges were investigated with direct 16s rDNA sequencing. The results indicate that the symbionts of the marine sponges Aplysina aerophoba , Ircinia variabilis , and Petrosia ficiformis from the Mediterranean, four Chondrilla species from Australia and the Mediterranean, and Haliclona sp. from Australia support a diversity of symbionts comprising at least four closely related species of Synechococcus . These include the symbionts presently described as Aphanocapsa feldmannii from P. ficiformis and Chondrilla nucula . A fifth symbiont from Cymbastela marshae in Australia is an undescribed symbiont of sponges, related to Oscillatoria rosea . One symbiont, Candidatus Synechococcus spongiarum , was found in diverse sponge genera in the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian, Pacific, and Southern oceans, whereas others were apparently more restricted in host association and distribution. These results are discussed in terms of the biodiversity and biogeographic distributions of cyanobacterial symbionts.
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A new species of cyanobacterial symbiont from the marine sponge Chondrilla nucula
Symbiosis, 2004Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Simon Toze, Jane Fromont, John Kuo, David C. SuttonAbstract:Partial 16s rDNA sequencing results indicate that the unicellular cyanobacterial symbionts of the sponge species Chondrilla nucula, from the Mediterranean Sea, and C. australiensis, from Australia, are the same, and comprise a unique species. This cyanobacterium belongs to the genus Synechococcus, and occurs in the surface tissues of these sponges, as demonstrated with Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) using a sequence-specific DNA probe, and with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). We propose the name Candidatus Synechococcus spongiarum sp. nov. for this symbiont. The cyanobacterial symbiont Aphanocapsa feldmannii (Fremy), hosted by the marine sponge Petrosia fιciformis from the Mediterranean Sea, is a separate, but closely related, species also belonging to the genus Synechococcus.
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Biogeography and phylogeny of Chondrilla species (Demospongiae) in Australia
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2004Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Simon Toze, David C. Sutton, John Kuo, Jane FromontAbstract:The biogeography and phylogeny of Chondrilla (Porifera, Demospongiae) species in Australia is poorly understood. Until the present study was carried out, 4 Chondrilla species were thought to occur in the waters of Australia and its territories: C. australiensis, C. secunda, C. mixta and C. nucula. However, the type specimen of the latter comes from the Adriatic Sea, and it has always been uncertain whether this species is present in Australia. The difficulty in determining the number of species of Chondrilla and their biogeography is largely due to the paucity of phenotypic characters that are normally used for identification. To clarify the diversity and distribution of sponges in this genus in Australia, DNA sequence analysis was applied to samples of Chondrilla from around Australia and compared to C. nucula from the Mediterranean. Classical taxonomic tech- niques were used to confirm the molecular results. Evidence was found for 3 species of Chondrilla in the temperate southern oceans of Australia with one, C. australiensis, also extending into tropical waters. All 3 species were distinct from C. nucula, which was not found in Australian waters in this study. The distribution of C. australiensis suggests that larvae and/or fragments of this sponge are able to disperse across very large distances around the coastline of Australia. Species identification based on direct sequencing of the D2 region in the 28S rDNA and ITS1- 5.8S- ITS2 region was in agreement with results using classical taxonomic techniques.
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Sexual reproduction in Chondrilla australiensis (Porifera : Demospongiae)
Marine and Freshwater Research, 2004Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Simon Toze, David C. Sutton, John Kuo, Jane FromontAbstract:Increasingly, sponges are being used as models for a wide range of biological systems. However, little is known about the reproductive biology of a group that has been shown to lack gonads or gonadal ducts. The development of gametes in the oviparous demosponge Chondrilla australiensis at Fremantle, Western Australia, was investigated using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy over 5 years. Results indicate that C. australiensis is gonochoric and oviparous. Egg and sperm development were first apparent inside choanocyte chambers, with both types of gamete apparently developing from choanocytes. During egg development, large numbers of nurse cells appeared attached to eggs, with which they fused at the time of spawning. The origin of the nurse cells remains unclear, but they may also have a choanocyte origin. Eggs took 4 weeks to develop and sperm took approximately 2 weeks, during which time the nucleus condensed and the cytoplasm reduced. Mature sperm could occupy almost the entire matrix of fecund males and were not contained in cysts. Spawning occurred in late summer and autumn over a period of 4-5 days, when the tides were at the maximum height for the month.
David C. Sutton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A new species of cyanobacterial symbiont from the marine sponge Chondrilla nucula
Symbiosis, 2004Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Simon Toze, Jane Fromont, John Kuo, David C. SuttonAbstract:Partial 16s rDNA sequencing results indicate that the unicellular cyanobacterial symbionts of the sponge species Chondrilla nucula, from the Mediterranean Sea, and C. australiensis, from Australia, are the same, and comprise a unique species. This cyanobacterium belongs to the genus Synechococcus, and occurs in the surface tissues of these sponges, as demonstrated with Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) using a sequence-specific DNA probe, and with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). We propose the name Candidatus Synechococcus spongiarum sp. nov. for this symbiont. The cyanobacterial symbiont Aphanocapsa feldmannii (Fremy), hosted by the marine sponge Petrosia fιciformis from the Mediterranean Sea, is a separate, but closely related, species also belonging to the genus Synechococcus.
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Biogeography and phylogeny of Chondrilla species (Demospongiae) in Australia
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2004Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Simon Toze, David C. Sutton, John Kuo, Jane FromontAbstract:The biogeography and phylogeny of Chondrilla (Porifera, Demospongiae) species in Australia is poorly understood. Until the present study was carried out, 4 Chondrilla species were thought to occur in the waters of Australia and its territories: C. australiensis, C. secunda, C. mixta and C. nucula. However, the type specimen of the latter comes from the Adriatic Sea, and it has always been uncertain whether this species is present in Australia. The difficulty in determining the number of species of Chondrilla and their biogeography is largely due to the paucity of phenotypic characters that are normally used for identification. To clarify the diversity and distribution of sponges in this genus in Australia, DNA sequence analysis was applied to samples of Chondrilla from around Australia and compared to C. nucula from the Mediterranean. Classical taxonomic tech- niques were used to confirm the molecular results. Evidence was found for 3 species of Chondrilla in the temperate southern oceans of Australia with one, C. australiensis, also extending into tropical waters. All 3 species were distinct from C. nucula, which was not found in Australian waters in this study. The distribution of C. australiensis suggests that larvae and/or fragments of this sponge are able to disperse across very large distances around the coastline of Australia. Species identification based on direct sequencing of the D2 region in the 28S rDNA and ITS1- 5.8S- ITS2 region was in agreement with results using classical taxonomic techniques.
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Sexual reproduction in Chondrilla australiensis (Porifera : Demospongiae)
Marine and Freshwater Research, 2004Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Simon Toze, David C. Sutton, John Kuo, Jane FromontAbstract:Increasingly, sponges are being used as models for a wide range of biological systems. However, little is known about the reproductive biology of a group that has been shown to lack gonads or gonadal ducts. The development of gametes in the oviparous demosponge Chondrilla australiensis at Fremantle, Western Australia, was investigated using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy over 5 years. Results indicate that C. australiensis is gonochoric and oviparous. Egg and sperm development were first apparent inside choanocyte chambers, with both types of gamete apparently developing from choanocytes. During egg development, large numbers of nurse cells appeared attached to eggs, with which they fused at the time of spawning. The origin of the nurse cells remains unclear, but they may also have a choanocyte origin. Eggs took 4 weeks to develop and sperm took approximately 2 weeks, during which time the nucleus condensed and the cytoplasm reduced. Mature sperm could occupy almost the entire matrix of fecund males and were not contained in cysts. Spawning occurred in late summer and autumn over a period of 4-5 days, when the tides were at the maximum height for the month.
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Vertical transmission of cyanobacterial symbionts in the marine sponge Chondrilla australiensis (Demospongiae)
Hydrobiologia, 2001Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Jane Fromont, David C. SuttonAbstract:The cyanobacterial symbionts of the marine sponge Chondrilla australiensis (Demospongiae) were examined using fluorescent microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Unicellular cyanobacteria with ultrastructure resembling Aphanocapsa feldmannii occur in the cortex and bacterial symbionts are located throughout the mesohyl. In C. australiensis , the developing eggs are distributed throughout the mesohyl and are surrounded by nurse cells attached to them by thin filaments. The nurse cells form cytoplasmic bridges with the eggs, apparently releasing their contents into the egg cytoplasm. The presence of cyanobacterial and bacterial symbionts inside developing eggs and nurse cells in 25% of female Chondrilla australiensis was established using Transmission Electron Microscopy, suggesting that these symbionts are sometimes passed on to the next generation of sponges via the eggs.
Tim S. Bugni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Complete Genome Sequence of Rhodococcus sp. Strain WMMA185, a Marine Sponge-Associated Bacterium.
Genome Announcements, 2016Co-Authors: Navid Adnani, Doug R. Braun, Bradon R. Mcdonald, Marc G. Chevrette, Cameron R. Currie, Tim S. BugniAbstract:ABSTRACT The Rhodococcus strain WMMA185 was isolated from the marine sponge Chondrilla nucula as part of ongoing drug discovery efforts. Analysis of the 4.44-Mb genome provides information regarding interspecies interactions as pertains to regulation of secondary metabolism and natural product biosynthetic potentials.
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Selective Quantification by 2D HSQC0 Spectroscopy of Thiocoraline in an Extract from a Sponge-Derived Verrucosispora sp.
Journal of natural products, 2011Co-Authors: Thomas P. Wyche, Tim S. Bugni, John L. MarkleyAbstract:We recently developed a 2D 1H-13C HSQC0 approach to quantify individual chemicals in complex mixtures. The HSQC0 approach has been implemented in phase-cycled and gradient-selective versions. As in quantitative 1D NMR, the normalized integrated signal intensities in HSQC0 are proportional to the concentrations of individual chemicals in the mixture. We applied the HSQC0 approach to selectively quantify thiocoraline present at a level of 1% w/w in an extract from a Verrucosispora sp. isolated from the sponge Chondrilla caribensis f. caribensis. We expect that this approach can be used to quantify other natural products of interest in extracts without prior purification.
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First natural analogs of the cytotoxic thiodepsipeptide thiocoraline A from a marine Verrucosispora sp.
Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Thomas P. Wyche, Doug R. Braun, Hannah Caitlin Cohen, May P. Xiong, Tim S. BugniAbstract:A marine Verrucosispora sp. isolated from the sponge Chondrilla caribensis f. caribensis was found to produce thiocoraline, a potent cytotoxic compound. Five new analogs of thiocoraline were isolated and represent the first analogs of thiocoraline. 22′-Deoxythiocoraline (2), thiochondrilline C (5), and 12′-sulfoxythiocoraline (6) demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against the A549 human cancer cell line with EC50 values of 0.13, 2.86, and 1.26 μM, respectively. The analogs provide insight into the SAR and biosynthesis of thiocoraline. The DP4 probability method was used to analyze ab initio NMR calculations to confirm stereochemical assignments.
Kayley M. Usher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A new species of cyanobacterial symbiont from the marine sponge Chondrilla nucula
Symbiosis, 2004Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Simon Toze, Jane Fromont, John Kuo, David C. SuttonAbstract:Partial 16s rDNA sequencing results indicate that the unicellular cyanobacterial symbionts of the sponge species Chondrilla nucula, from the Mediterranean Sea, and C. australiensis, from Australia, are the same, and comprise a unique species. This cyanobacterium belongs to the genus Synechococcus, and occurs in the surface tissues of these sponges, as demonstrated with Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) using a sequence-specific DNA probe, and with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). We propose the name Candidatus Synechococcus spongiarum sp. nov. for this symbiont. The cyanobacterial symbiont Aphanocapsa feldmannii (Fremy), hosted by the marine sponge Petrosia fιciformis from the Mediterranean Sea, is a separate, but closely related, species also belonging to the genus Synechococcus.
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Biogeography and phylogeny of Chondrilla species (Demospongiae) in Australia
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2004Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Simon Toze, David C. Sutton, John Kuo, Jane FromontAbstract:The biogeography and phylogeny of Chondrilla (Porifera, Demospongiae) species in Australia is poorly understood. Until the present study was carried out, 4 Chondrilla species were thought to occur in the waters of Australia and its territories: C. australiensis, C. secunda, C. mixta and C. nucula. However, the type specimen of the latter comes from the Adriatic Sea, and it has always been uncertain whether this species is present in Australia. The difficulty in determining the number of species of Chondrilla and their biogeography is largely due to the paucity of phenotypic characters that are normally used for identification. To clarify the diversity and distribution of sponges in this genus in Australia, DNA sequence analysis was applied to samples of Chondrilla from around Australia and compared to C. nucula from the Mediterranean. Classical taxonomic tech- niques were used to confirm the molecular results. Evidence was found for 3 species of Chondrilla in the temperate southern oceans of Australia with one, C. australiensis, also extending into tropical waters. All 3 species were distinct from C. nucula, which was not found in Australian waters in this study. The distribution of C. australiensis suggests that larvae and/or fragments of this sponge are able to disperse across very large distances around the coastline of Australia. Species identification based on direct sequencing of the D2 region in the 28S rDNA and ITS1- 5.8S- ITS2 region was in agreement with results using classical taxonomic techniques.
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Sexual reproduction in Chondrilla australiensis (Porifera : Demospongiae)
Marine and Freshwater Research, 2004Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Simon Toze, David C. Sutton, John Kuo, Jane FromontAbstract:Increasingly, sponges are being used as models for a wide range of biological systems. However, little is known about the reproductive biology of a group that has been shown to lack gonads or gonadal ducts. The development of gametes in the oviparous demosponge Chondrilla australiensis at Fremantle, Western Australia, was investigated using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy over 5 years. Results indicate that C. australiensis is gonochoric and oviparous. Egg and sperm development were first apparent inside choanocyte chambers, with both types of gamete apparently developing from choanocytes. During egg development, large numbers of nurse cells appeared attached to eggs, with which they fused at the time of spawning. The origin of the nurse cells remains unclear, but they may also have a choanocyte origin. Eggs took 4 weeks to develop and sperm took approximately 2 weeks, during which time the nucleus condensed and the cytoplasm reduced. Mature sperm could occupy almost the entire matrix of fecund males and were not contained in cysts. Spawning occurred in late summer and autumn over a period of 4-5 days, when the tides were at the maximum height for the month.
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Vertical transmission of cyanobacterial symbionts in the marine sponge Chondrilla australiensis (Demospongiae)
Hydrobiologia, 2001Co-Authors: Kayley M. Usher, Jane Fromont, David C. SuttonAbstract:The cyanobacterial symbionts of the marine sponge Chondrilla australiensis (Demospongiae) were examined using fluorescent microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Unicellular cyanobacteria with ultrastructure resembling Aphanocapsa feldmannii occur in the cortex and bacterial symbionts are located throughout the mesohyl. In C. australiensis , the developing eggs are distributed throughout the mesohyl and are surrounded by nurse cells attached to them by thin filaments. The nurse cells form cytoplasmic bridges with the eggs, apparently releasing their contents into the egg cytoplasm. The presence of cyanobacterial and bacterial symbionts inside developing eggs and nurse cells in 25% of female Chondrilla australiensis was established using Transmission Electron Microscopy, suggesting that these symbionts are sometimes passed on to the next generation of sponges via the eggs.