The Experts below are selected from a list of 418623 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Norbert Schady - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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wealth gradients in early childhood Cognitive Development in five latin american countries
PSE - Labex "OSE-Ouvrir la Science Economique", 2015Co-Authors: Norbert Schady, Jere R Behrman, Maria Caridad Araujo, Rodrigo Azuero, Raquel Bernal, David Bravo, Florencia Lopezboo, Karen Macours, Daniela Marshall, Christina PaxsonAbstract:This paper provides new evidence of sharp differences in Cognitive Development by socioeconomic status in early childhood for five Latin American countries using a common measure of receptive language ability. We find important differences in Development in early childhood across countries and steep socioeconomic gradients within every country. For the three countries where we can follow children over time, there are few substantive changes in scores once children enter school. Our results are robust to different ways of defining socioeconomic status, to different ways of standardizing outcomes, and to selective nonresponse on our measure of Cognitive Development.
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wealth gradients in early childhood Cognitive Development in five latin american countries
Journal of Human Resources, 2014Co-Authors: Norbert Schady, Jere R Behrman, Maria Caridad Araujo, Rodrigo Azuero, Raquel Bernal, David Bravo, Florencia Lopezboo, Karen Macours, Daniela Marshall, Christina PaxsonAbstract:Research from the United States shows that gaps in early Cognitive and nonCognitive abilities appear early in the life cycle. Little is known about this important question for developing countries. This paper provides new evidence of sharp differences in Cognitive Development by socioeconomic status in early childhood for five Latin American countries. To help with comparability, the paper uses the same measure of receptive language ability for all five countries. It finds important differences in Development in early childhood across countries, and steep socioeconomic gradients within every country. For the three countries where panel data to follow children over time exists, there are few substantive changes in scores once children enter school. These results are robust to different ways of defining socioeconomic status, to different ways of standardizing outcomes, and to selective non-response on the measure of Cognitive Development.
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parents education mothers vocabulary and Cognitive Development in early childhood longitudinal evidence from ecuador
American Journal of Public Health, 2011Co-Authors: Norbert SchadyAbstract:Objectives. I estimated the association between parents’ education, mothers’ vocabulary, and early child Cognitive Development in a sample of poor children in rural Ecuador.Methods. I used regression analysis to estimate the association between parents’ education, mothers’ vocabulary, and the vocabulary, memory, and visual integration skills of children at early ages, controlling for possible confounders. The study is based on a longitudinal cohort of children in rural Ecuador (n = 2118).Results. The schooling and vocabulary levels of mothers were strong predictors of the Cognitive Development of young children. Household wealth and child's height, weight, and hemoglobin levels explained only a modest fraction of the observed associations. The vocabulary levels of mothers and children were more strongly correlated among older children in the sample, suggesting that the effects of a richer maternal vocabulary are cumulative.Conclusions. Differences in children's Cognitive outcomes start very early, which h...
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Cognitive Development among young children in ecuador the roles of wealth health and parenting
Journal of Human Resources, 2007Co-Authors: Christina Paxson, Norbert SchadyAbstract:We examine the relationship between early Cognitive Development, socioeconomic status (SES), child health, and parenting quality in a developing country. We use a sample of more than 3,000 predominantly poor preschool-aged children from Ecuador, and analyze determinants of their scores on a widely used test of language ability. We find that household wealth and parental education are associated with higher scores, and that these associations are larger among older children. Child health and measures of parenting quality are associated with test performance, and account for a fraction, although not the majority, of the association between SES and Cognitive Development.
Christina Paxson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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wealth gradients in early childhood Cognitive Development in five latin american countries
PSE - Labex "OSE-Ouvrir la Science Economique", 2015Co-Authors: Norbert Schady, Jere R Behrman, Maria Caridad Araujo, Rodrigo Azuero, Raquel Bernal, David Bravo, Florencia Lopezboo, Karen Macours, Daniela Marshall, Christina PaxsonAbstract:This paper provides new evidence of sharp differences in Cognitive Development by socioeconomic status in early childhood for five Latin American countries using a common measure of receptive language ability. We find important differences in Development in early childhood across countries and steep socioeconomic gradients within every country. For the three countries where we can follow children over time, there are few substantive changes in scores once children enter school. Our results are robust to different ways of defining socioeconomic status, to different ways of standardizing outcomes, and to selective nonresponse on our measure of Cognitive Development.
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wealth gradients in early childhood Cognitive Development in five latin american countries
Journal of Human Resources, 2014Co-Authors: Norbert Schady, Jere R Behrman, Maria Caridad Araujo, Rodrigo Azuero, Raquel Bernal, David Bravo, Florencia Lopezboo, Karen Macours, Daniela Marshall, Christina PaxsonAbstract:Research from the United States shows that gaps in early Cognitive and nonCognitive abilities appear early in the life cycle. Little is known about this important question for developing countries. This paper provides new evidence of sharp differences in Cognitive Development by socioeconomic status in early childhood for five Latin American countries. To help with comparability, the paper uses the same measure of receptive language ability for all five countries. It finds important differences in Development in early childhood across countries, and steep socioeconomic gradients within every country. For the three countries where panel data to follow children over time exists, there are few substantive changes in scores once children enter school. These results are robust to different ways of defining socioeconomic status, to different ways of standardizing outcomes, and to selective non-response on the measure of Cognitive Development.
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Cognitive Development among young children in ecuador the roles of wealth health and parenting
Journal of Human Resources, 2007Co-Authors: Christina Paxson, Norbert SchadyAbstract:We examine the relationship between early Cognitive Development, socioeconomic status (SES), child health, and parenting quality in a developing country. We use a sample of more than 3,000 predominantly poor preschool-aged children from Ecuador, and analyze determinants of their scores on a widely used test of language ability. We find that household wealth and parental education are associated with higher scores, and that these associations are larger among older children. Child health and measures of parenting quality are associated with test performance, and account for a fraction, although not the majority, of the association between SES and Cognitive Development.
Jeffrey Roth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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socioeconomic status and genetic influences on Cognitive Development
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017Co-Authors: David N Figlio, Krzysztof Karbownik, Jeremy Freese, Jeffrey RothAbstract:Abstract Accurate understanding of environmental moderation of genetic influences is vital to advancing the science of Cognitive Development as well as for designing interventions. One widely reported idea is increasing genetic influence on cognition for children raised in higher socioeconomic status (SES) families, including recent proposals that the pattern is a particularly US phenomenon. We used matched birth and school records from Florida siblings and twins born in 1994–2002 to provide the largest, most population-diverse consideration of this hypothesis to date. We found no evidence of SES moderation of genetic influence on test scores, suggesting that articulating gene-environment interactions for cognition is more complex and elusive than previously supposed.
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the effects of poor neonatal health on children s Cognitive Development
The American Economic Review, 2014Co-Authors: David N Figlio, Jonathan Guryan, Krzysztof Karbownik, Jeffrey RothAbstract:We make use of a new data resource--merged birth and school records for all children born in Florida from 1992 to 2002--to study the relationship between birth weight and Cognitive Development. Using singletons as well as twin and sibling fixed effects models, we find that the effects of early health on Cognitive Development are essentially constant through the school career; that these effects are similar across a wide range of family backgrounds; and that they are invariant to measures of school quality. We conclude that the effects of early health on adult outcomes are therefore set very early.
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the effects of poor neonatal health on children s Cognitive Development
National Bureau of Economic Research, 2013Co-Authors: David N Figlio, Jonathan Guryan, Krzysztof Karbownik, Jeffrey RothAbstract:We make use of a new data resource, merged birth and school records for all children born in Florida from 1992 to 2002, to study the effects of birth weight on Cognitive Development from kindergarten through schooling. Using twin fixed effects models, we find that the effects of birth weight on Cognitive Development are essentially constant through the school career; that these effects are very similar across a wide range of family backgrounds; and that they are invariant to measures of school quality. We conclude that the effects of poor neonatal health on adult outcomes are therefore set very early.
Mary C Smithfawzi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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maternal depressive symptoms and early childhood Cognitive Development a meta analysis
Psychological Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Yuanyuan Liu, Dana Charles Mccoy, Sylvia Kaaya, Jeanne Chai, Pamela J Surkan, Maureen M Black, A L Sutterdallay, H Verdoux, Mary C SmithfawziAbstract:Background Previous findings have been mixed regarding the relationship between maternal depressive symptoms and child Cognitive Development. The objective of this study was to systematically review relevant literature and to perform a meta-analysis. Method Three electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO) were searched. Initial screening was conducted independently by two reviewers. Studies selected for detailed review were read in full and included based on a set of criteria. Data from selected studies were abstracted onto a standardized form. Meta-analysis using the inverse variance approach and random-effects models was conducted. Results The univariate analysis of 14 studies revealed that maternal depressive symptoms are related to lower Cognitive scores among children aged ⩽56 months (Cohen's d = -0.25, 95% CI -0.39 to -0.12). The synthesis of studies controlling for confounding variables showed that the mean Cognitive score for children 6-8 weeks post-partum whose mothers had high depressive symptoms during the first few weeks postpartum was approximately 4.2 units lower on the Mental Developmental Index (MDI) of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID) compared with children with non-symptomatic mothers (B = -4.17, 95% CI -8.01 to -0.32). Conclusions The results indicated that maternal depressive symptoms are related to lower Cognitive scores in early infancy, after adjusting for confounding factors. An integrated approach for supporting child Cognitive Development may include program efforts that promote maternal mental health in addition to family economic wellbeing, responsive caregiving, and child nutrition.
Dana Charles Mccoy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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physical punishment as a predictor of early Cognitive Development evidence from econometric approaches
Developmental Psychology, 2020Co-Authors: Jorge Cuartas, Dana Charles Mccoy, Andrew Grogankaylor, Elizabeth T GershoffAbstract:This study estimates the effect of physical punishment on the Cognitive Development of 1,167 low-income Colombian children (Mage = 17.8 months old) using 3 analytic strategies: lagged-dependent variables, a difference-in-differences-like approach (DD), and a novel strategy combining matching with a DD-like approach. Across approaches, physical punishment at ages 9-26 months predicted reductions in children's Cognitive Development of 0.08-0.21 SD at ages 27-46 months. These results, plus null results of falsification tests, strengthen the argument that physical punishment leads to slower Cognitive growth and illustrate the utility of alternative statistical methods to reduce problems of selection bias in Developmental research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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maternal depressive symptoms and early childhood Cognitive Development a meta analysis
Psychological Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Yuanyuan Liu, Dana Charles Mccoy, Sylvia Kaaya, Jeanne Chai, Pamela J Surkan, Maureen M Black, A L Sutterdallay, H Verdoux, Mary C SmithfawziAbstract:Background Previous findings have been mixed regarding the relationship between maternal depressive symptoms and child Cognitive Development. The objective of this study was to systematically review relevant literature and to perform a meta-analysis. Method Three electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO) were searched. Initial screening was conducted independently by two reviewers. Studies selected for detailed review were read in full and included based on a set of criteria. Data from selected studies were abstracted onto a standardized form. Meta-analysis using the inverse variance approach and random-effects models was conducted. Results The univariate analysis of 14 studies revealed that maternal depressive symptoms are related to lower Cognitive scores among children aged ⩽56 months (Cohen's d = -0.25, 95% CI -0.39 to -0.12). The synthesis of studies controlling for confounding variables showed that the mean Cognitive score for children 6-8 weeks post-partum whose mothers had high depressive symptoms during the first few weeks postpartum was approximately 4.2 units lower on the Mental Developmental Index (MDI) of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID) compared with children with non-symptomatic mothers (B = -4.17, 95% CI -8.01 to -0.32). Conclusions The results indicated that maternal depressive symptoms are related to lower Cognitive scores in early infancy, after adjusting for confounding factors. An integrated approach for supporting child Cognitive Development may include program efforts that promote maternal mental health in addition to family economic wellbeing, responsive caregiving, and child nutrition.
