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Ben Jonson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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design ideation the Conceptual Sketch in the digital age
Design Studies, 2005Co-Authors: Ben JonsonAbstract:The freehand Sketch has traditionally been seen as the primary Conceptual tool in the early stages of the design process. But what is the impact of digital technology on Conceptual tools and Sketching in particular? A multiple case study compared how design students and design practitioners used Conceptual tools in everyday design situations. The outcome showed that verbalisation, rather than freehand Sketching was the major Conceptual tool for getting started. Moreover, the computer emerged as an ideation tool across design domains.
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Design Ideation: The Conceptual Sketch in a Digital Design Culture
2004Co-Authors: Ben JonsonAbstract:Design ideation, or the generating and developing of design ideas is central to designing in both education and practice. But what is the impact of digital technology on Conceptual tools, notably the traditional pen and paper Sketch? Initial research, in the Introduction highlights how freehand drawing is under pressure from digital technology both in design schools and industry yet educators and practitioners alike seem uncertain how best to deal with the digital challenge. The Literature review, in which the investigation is likened to a sprawling rhizome, covers both practical and philosophical concerns about Conceptual tools thereby extending the notion of Sketching beyond pen and paper, to what is called Sketcherly ways of designing. To find out how to capture designers' use of Conceptual tools, the spectrum of Design methodology was explored in which the case study method combined with protocol study emerged as the research strategy to be tested in a Pilot study. The pilot outcome set the scene for a protocol study with first-year design students which, through a series of Ideation workshops, illuminates how Sketching together with verbalisation is a powerful combination for Conceptualisation. In this, the workshop format emerged as an effective means for encouraging novice designers to develop ideation skills. The pilot was also instrumental for conducting a Multiple case study comprising five second year design students and five recent design graduates working in industry in the domains of fashion, architecture, graphics, product and general design. Using self-reporting and interviews the cases illuminate real uses of Conceptual tools situated in everyday designing that reveal the multifaceted yet unpredictable character of ideation. The Summary and Conclusion discuss the future role of the Conceptual Sketch in digital design environments and suggest how scholarship in the context of teaching and learning design can bridge the worlds of design schools and professional practice. In this, computer-aided ideation, CAI, emerged as a promising research field.
Susan Steiner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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client perceptions of the value of microinsurance evidence from southern ghana
2014Co-Authors: Lena Giesbert, Susan SteinerAbstract:The uptake of microinsurance in developing countries falls short of projections, which has recently made stakeholders focus on client value. However, empirical research on what constitutes client value in microinsurance has been limited. As a starting point for further investigations, we draw a first Conceptual Sketch of the dimensions of client value. Our analysis is based on qualitative data from focus group discussions among both existing and potential clients of a micro life insurance in southern Ghana. Using a multidimensional approach, we show that client value is based on the perceived quality, costs and consumption outcome, as well as the emotional and social value of micro life insurance. In their value judgments, focus group participants particularly emphasize the quality of customer service provision, the (expected) insurance benefits, and positive emotions associated with insurance coverage. The evaluation of the value of the microinsurance under study is mixed. We therefore also investigate why clients form the value perceptions they do. This investigation finds that large discrepancies between people’s expectations and experiences reduce the perceived value of the insurance product. It shows that contextual factors, such as clients’ knowledge about insurance, their interaction with peers, and the availability and effectiveness of alternative risk management options, largely shape whether they perceive high or low value in micro life insurance.
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client perceptions of the value of microinsurance evidence from southern ghana
2014Co-Authors: Lena Giesbert, Susan SteinerAbstract:Abstract India has one of the highest underweight burdens in the world, with signs of rising obesity. Coexistence of underweight and overweight women is symptomatic of the double burden of malnutrition. The present study aims to throw new light on the double burden of malnuThe uptake of microinsurance in developing countries falls short of projections, which has recently made stakeholders focus on client value. However, empirical research on what constitutes client value in microinsurance has been limited. As a starting point for further investigations, we draw a first Conceptual Sketch of the dimensions of client value. Our analysis is based on qualitative data from focus group discussions among both existing and potential clients of a micro life insurance in southern Ghana. Using a multidimensional approach, we show that client value is based on the perceived quality, costs and consumption outcome, as well as the emotional and social value of micro life insurance. In their value judgments, focus group participants particularly emphasize the quality of customer service provision, the (expected) insurance benefits, and positive emotions associated with insurance coverage. The evaluation of the value of the microinsurance under study is mixed. We therefore also investigate why clients form the value perceptions they do. This investigation finds that large discrepancies between people’s expectations and experiences reduce the perceived value of the insurance product. It shows that contextual factors, such as clients’ knowledge about insurance, their interaction with peers, and the availability and effectiveness of alternative risk management options, largely shape whether they perceive high or low value in micro life insurance.trition among Indian women in the age group 22-49 years. The analysis is based on a nationally representative household survey, InAlthough growth has improved substantially in most African countries in recent years, poverty across the continent has fallen very little in the aggregate, even though there have been outstanding performances by some countries. Indeed, some African countries have slipped back, and exhibit higher poverty rates than in 1990. This paper seeks to understand the reasons for this variance between countries; the reasons why, certainly if one uses headcount poverty data, there are ‘two Africas’, one with powerful ability to reduce poverty and one without. We argue that some of the reasons for this difference are rooted in colonial times, and those countries which developed dynamic exports of smallholder cash crops, the ‘peasant export economies’, received a headstart in relation to mineral- and large farm-based economies, because of the more equitable income distribution which labour-intensive, smallholder-based economies generate. However, in the post-colonial period, many peasant export economies wasted this headstart, and some mine/plantation economies were able to transcend the limitation of not having received one. The key reasons for this evolution, we argue, lie in the motivation and ability of African elites to form pro-poor coalitions, which in some cases were then able to implement tax and expenditure policies with the ability to bring a pro-poor pattern of growth into being. This story is tested both econometrically and by means of four contrasted country case studies.dia Human Development Survey, 2005. The results indicate that the factors underlying this burden include socio-economic status (SES), location, marital status, age, education, physical activity, media exposure, and dietary composition and frequency of eating. We find that there is a socio-economic patterning of underweight and overweight women, with a large concentration of underweight women among those with a low SES and of overweight women among high SES. Given that the health implications of being underweight and overweight are grim, it is imperative that there is a simultaneous increase in the focus on the health needs of overweight and obese people and on the needs of the large number of severely undernourished people in society. For Indian women, the glaring health/nutrition disparities are matched only by the grimness of their existence and survival prospects.
Lena Giesbert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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client perceptions of the value of microinsurance evidence from southern ghana
2014Co-Authors: Lena Giesbert, Susan SteinerAbstract:The uptake of microinsurance in developing countries falls short of projections, which has recently made stakeholders focus on client value. However, empirical research on what constitutes client value in microinsurance has been limited. As a starting point for further investigations, we draw a first Conceptual Sketch of the dimensions of client value. Our analysis is based on qualitative data from focus group discussions among both existing and potential clients of a micro life insurance in southern Ghana. Using a multidimensional approach, we show that client value is based on the perceived quality, costs and consumption outcome, as well as the emotional and social value of micro life insurance. In their value judgments, focus group participants particularly emphasize the quality of customer service provision, the (expected) insurance benefits, and positive emotions associated with insurance coverage. The evaluation of the value of the microinsurance under study is mixed. We therefore also investigate why clients form the value perceptions they do. This investigation finds that large discrepancies between people’s expectations and experiences reduce the perceived value of the insurance product. It shows that contextual factors, such as clients’ knowledge about insurance, their interaction with peers, and the availability and effectiveness of alternative risk management options, largely shape whether they perceive high or low value in micro life insurance.
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client perceptions of the value of microinsurance evidence from southern ghana
2014Co-Authors: Lena Giesbert, Susan SteinerAbstract:Abstract India has one of the highest underweight burdens in the world, with signs of rising obesity. Coexistence of underweight and overweight women is symptomatic of the double burden of malnutrition. The present study aims to throw new light on the double burden of malnuThe uptake of microinsurance in developing countries falls short of projections, which has recently made stakeholders focus on client value. However, empirical research on what constitutes client value in microinsurance has been limited. As a starting point for further investigations, we draw a first Conceptual Sketch of the dimensions of client value. Our analysis is based on qualitative data from focus group discussions among both existing and potential clients of a micro life insurance in southern Ghana. Using a multidimensional approach, we show that client value is based on the perceived quality, costs and consumption outcome, as well as the emotional and social value of micro life insurance. In their value judgments, focus group participants particularly emphasize the quality of customer service provision, the (expected) insurance benefits, and positive emotions associated with insurance coverage. The evaluation of the value of the microinsurance under study is mixed. We therefore also investigate why clients form the value perceptions they do. This investigation finds that large discrepancies between people’s expectations and experiences reduce the perceived value of the insurance product. It shows that contextual factors, such as clients’ knowledge about insurance, their interaction with peers, and the availability and effectiveness of alternative risk management options, largely shape whether they perceive high or low value in micro life insurance.trition among Indian women in the age group 22-49 years. The analysis is based on a nationally representative household survey, InAlthough growth has improved substantially in most African countries in recent years, poverty across the continent has fallen very little in the aggregate, even though there have been outstanding performances by some countries. Indeed, some African countries have slipped back, and exhibit higher poverty rates than in 1990. This paper seeks to understand the reasons for this variance between countries; the reasons why, certainly if one uses headcount poverty data, there are ‘two Africas’, one with powerful ability to reduce poverty and one without. We argue that some of the reasons for this difference are rooted in colonial times, and those countries which developed dynamic exports of smallholder cash crops, the ‘peasant export economies’, received a headstart in relation to mineral- and large farm-based economies, because of the more equitable income distribution which labour-intensive, smallholder-based economies generate. However, in the post-colonial period, many peasant export economies wasted this headstart, and some mine/plantation economies were able to transcend the limitation of not having received one. The key reasons for this evolution, we argue, lie in the motivation and ability of African elites to form pro-poor coalitions, which in some cases were then able to implement tax and expenditure policies with the ability to bring a pro-poor pattern of growth into being. This story is tested both econometrically and by means of four contrasted country case studies.dia Human Development Survey, 2005. The results indicate that the factors underlying this burden include socio-economic status (SES), location, marital status, age, education, physical activity, media exposure, and dietary composition and frequency of eating. We find that there is a socio-economic patterning of underweight and overweight women, with a large concentration of underweight women among those with a low SES and of overweight women among high SES. Given that the health implications of being underweight and overweight are grim, it is imperative that there is a simultaneous increase in the focus on the health needs of overweight and obese people and on the needs of the large number of severely undernourished people in society. For Indian women, the glaring health/nutrition disparities are matched only by the grimness of their existence and survival prospects.
Bolarić Darijan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Production technologies used for welding table production
University North. University centre Varaždin. Department of Mechanical Engineering., 2020Co-Authors: Bolarić DarijanAbstract:Tema ovog diplomskog rada su „Proizvodne tehnologije pri izradi steznog stola za zavarivanje“. Rad je podijeljen na teoretski i eksperimentalni dio. U današnje vrijeme gotovo da i ne postoji proizvodni pogon koji ne koristi stezni stol za zavarivanje kao napravu. U uvodnom poglavlju ukratko je opisana primjena steznih naprava, njihove karakteristike i zadaci koji se moraju osigurati njihovim korištenjem. Naglasak je stavljen na stezni stol za zavarivanje i razne oblike u kojima se nudi na tržištu. Drugo poglavlje opisuje materijal za izradu steznog stola za zavarivanje. U tablicama su prikazana njegova osnovna mehanička svojstva, te udio elemenata u kemijskom sastavu. Prilikom razmišljanja o izradi diplomskog rada napravljena je idejna skica steznog stola za zavarivanje. Primjenom CAD softvera i na temelju zadanih zahtjeva izašla je ideja dizajna steznog stola za zavarivanje o kojoj se govori u trećem poglavlju. Iz ideje dizajna steznog stola za zavarivanje napravljeni su tehnički crteži prema kojima je izrađen stezni stol za zavarivanje. Prije eksperimentalnog dijela još su spomenute teoretski opisane tehnologije koje će se koristiti prilikom same izrade steznog stola za zavarivanje. U eksperimetnalnom dijelu opisani su parametri za plazma rezanje. Za primjenu MAG postupka zavarivanja napravljene su specifikacije postupka zavarivanja za korišteni kutni zavara i HY zavar,. Najveći naglasak stavljen je na tehnologiju strojne obrade uz detaljan opis cijelog postupka koji počinje odabirom stroja za izradu, planom obrade i izrade programa. Nakon same izrade na stroju provjerena je dimenzijska točnost korištenjem uređaja za 3D mjerenje. Završni dio rada odnosi se na provjeru hrapavosti pojedinih dijelova stola koji su obrađeni različitim režimima obrade.This Thesis is about „Production technologies in process of making a clamping table for welding“ and is it structured in two parts- theoretical and experimental. In this days every production line uses clamping table for welding. In introduction, there is a short description of the use of clamping devices, their characteristics and tasks which are need to be secured by their use. An accent is on the clamping table for welding and various forms in which it is offered on the market. The second chapter is about material for building clamping table for welding. In tables, there are shown basic mechanical properties and the proportion of elements in the chemical composition. During the planing of thesis, the Conceptual Sketch of clamping table has been made. In third chapter there is a design of the clamping table for welding which was made by applying CAD software and based on default requirements. The scheme of the clamping table was made from the Conceptual Sketch. Clamping table for welding was made according to the scheme. Furthermore, there are described technologies which are going to be used for making clamping table for welding. In expertimental part are described parameters for plasma cutting. For application of MAG welding process there are made welding process specifications for the used angle weld and HY weld. The main accent is put on the machining technology with detailed description of the whole process which starts with a selection of making machine, a plan of processing and program development. After making it on the machine itself it has been checked dimensional accuracy by using a device for 3D measurement. Final part of the thesis refes to checking the roughness of the individual parts of the table which are processed by different processing modes
Paul Rodgers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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visible ideas information patterns of Conceptual Sketch activity
Design Studies, 1998Co-Authors: Alistair Mcgown, Graham Green, Paul RodgersAbstract:The successful design and manufacture of today's increasingly complex engineering products relies to an ever greater extent upon the production and communication of information. The majority of design research to date has concentrated on supporting the information-rich latter stages of design and concerned itself with the distribution of product descriptions for the embodiment and manufacture of products. The Conceptual stages of design, typified by vague knowledge and shifting goals, have been excluded from the research investigation. While computer processing power, storage facilities and organisational capabilities could prove useful within the early stages of design what tangible evidence do designers produce that could be captured by digital techniques? This paper studies designers at work in the early stages of design, concentrating on the visible Sketching component of the design activity so that it might be understood and its efficiency subsequently improved by computer support.