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Alan L Rockwood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cortisol and Cortisone analysis in serum and plasma by atmospheric pressure photoionization tandem mass spectrometry
Clinical Biochemistry, 2004Co-Authors: Mark M Kushnir, Rebecca Neilson, William L Roberts, Alan L RockwoodAbstract:Objectives: Cortisol metabolism is controlled by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD) isoenzymes, which interconvert cortisol and Cortisone. Accurate measurement of the cortisol and Cortisone concentrations and their ratio provide useful information about 11β-HSD activity. Methods: Cortisol and Cortisone were extracted with methyl-tert-butyl ether from 100 μl of serum or plasma. The extract was evaporated, reconstituted with mobile phase, and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry using a photoionization interface. The transitions monitored were: m/z 363 to 121 and 363 to 97 for cortisol, 361 to 163 and 361 to 105 for Cortisone. Results: Within-run and between-run coefficients of variation were less than 6% and 12%; 14% and 22%; 11% and 21% for cortisol, Cortisone, and their ratio, respectively. The limit of detection was 1 μg/l for cortisol and 5 μg/l for Cortisone. Normal ranges for cortisol and Cortisone concentration and for their ratio in plasma (n = 120) determined as the central 95% were 33–246 μg/l for cortisol, 8–27 μg/l for Cortisone, and 0.081–0.301 for the Cortisone/cortisol ratio. Conclusions: We developed a simple sensitive method for cortisol and Cortisone analysis in plasma and serum that uses a small sample volume. The method is very specific, fast, does not have any known interference, and is useful for diagnosis of variety of disease and pathologic conditions.
Emad A S Aldujaili - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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validation and application of a highly specific and sensitive elisa for the estimation of Cortisone in saliva urine and in vitro cell culture media by using a novel antibody
Steroids, 2012Co-Authors: Emad A S Aldujaili, Hussam Baghdadi, Forbes Howie, Ian J MasonAbstract:It is generally acknowledged that local tissue concentrations of cortisol and Cortisone are modulated by site-specific actions of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD) isoenzymes 1 and 2. Cortisone, the inactive metabolite of cortisol is produced by 11βHSD type 2. To assess 11β-HSD types 1 and 2 activities, the cortisol/Cortisone ratio has to be accurately determined. Immunoassays to measure Cortisone levels are not widely available and tend to lack specificity. The aim of this project was to develop a highly specific and sensitive ELISA method for the estimation of free Cortisone levels in urine, saliva and in vitro media samples without chromatographic separation. Antibodies against Cortisone were raised in rabbits using Cortisone-3-CMO-KLH as immunogen. HRP-goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugate was used as enzyme tracer. Cross-reactivities of the untreated Cortisone antiserum with major interfering steroids were minimal except for cortisol (3.15%). However, following an immune-affinity purification of the antibodies using CNBr-activated sepharose-cortisol-3-CMO-BSA, cross-reactivity of the purified Cortisone antibody with cortisol was reduced to 0.27%. The minimum detection limit of Cortisone ELISA was 28 pg/mL (77.7 pM). The validity of the Cortisone ELISA was confirmed by the excellent correlation obtained before and after an HPLC fractionation step (Y = 1.09X − 0.21, R2 = 0.98). Intra-assay and inter-assay imprecision were 5.5–11.7% and 8.7–12.8% CV, respectively. Using this assay, salivary Cortisone levels showed a circadian rhythm in men and women (11.2 ± 7.3 nM at 08.00 h and 5.1 ± 3.6 nM at 18.00 h), and the levels were reduced following liquorice ingestion. In media of adrenocortical H295 cell line incubations, basal Cortisone levels were 4.24 ± 0.22 nM that increased to 8.6 ± 1.2 nM post forskolin treatment. Urinary free Cortisone excretion levels in healthy subjects were 56.66 ± 36.9 nmol/day. In human volunteers following ingestion of green coffee bean extract for 2 weeks, urinary free cortisol excretion reduced significantly from 66.67 ± 22.3 to 42.66 ± 17.5 nmol/day (p = 0.02) and the cortisol/Cortisone ratio from 2.04 ± 1.33 to 1.49 ± 1.13, p = 0.05. In conclusion, a simple and highly specific and sensitive ELISA has been developed and applied to estimate Cortisone levels in biological fluids and culture media.
Inger Sundstromporomaa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tandem mass spectrometry determined maternal Cortisone to cortisol ratio and psychiatric morbidity during pregnancy interaction with birth weight
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2016Co-Authors: Charlotte Hellgren, Asa Edvinsson, Jocelien D A Olivier, Romina Fornes, Elisabet Stenervictorin, S Kumari J A Ubhayasekera, Alkistis Skalkidou, Jonas Bergquist, Inger SundstromporomaaAbstract:Maternal serum cortisol has been suggested to be influenced by psychiatric morbidity, and may also influence fetal growth. However, several studies found equal cortisol levels in depressed and healthy pregnant women. Placental 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) shields the fetus from maternal cortisol by conversion to Cortisone, a function that may be compromised by maternal stress. We aimed to compare the serum ratio of Cortisone to cortisol, in women with and without psychiatric morbidity during pregnancy. A secondary aim was to investigate whether fetal growth, approximated by infant birth weight, was associated with the Cortisone to cortisol ratio. We performed tandem mass spectrometry analysis of serum cortisol and Cortisone in late pregnancy in 94 women with antenatal psychiatric morbidity and 122 controls (cohort 1). We also compared the placental gene expression of HSD11B1 and 2 in another group of 69 women with psychiatric morbidity and 47 controls (cohort 2). There were no group differences in cortisol to Cortisone ratio, absolute levels of Cortisone and cortisol (cohort 1), or expression of HSD11B1 or 2 (cohort 2). However, Cortisone to cortisol ratio was positively associated with birth weight in women with psychiatric morbidity, also after adjustment for gestational length, fetal sex, maternal height, smoking, SSRI use, and time of blood sampling (standardized β=0.35, p<0.001), with no association in the healthy controls Thus, the maternal serum Cortisone to cortisol ratio does not seem to be affected by psychiatric morbidity, but psychiatric morbidity may increase fetal exposure to cortisol or other metabolic factors influencing fetal growth.
Kazuhiro Ueda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Circadian rhythms in plasma Cortisone and cortisol and the Cortisone/cortisol ratio.
Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1997Co-Authors: Shinji Nomura, Michiko Fujitaka, Nobuo Sakura, Kazuhiro UedaAbstract:We evaluated the circadian rhythms in the plasma concentrations of cortisol, Cortisone and their free forms, and in the Cortisone/cortisol ratios by means of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography in normal adult subjects. Plasma concentrations of Cortisone, as well as cortisol, exhibited a circadian rhythm. The ratios of Cortisone/cortisol remained almost constant during the waking hours of normal subjects. Changes in the Cortisone/cortisol ratios previously reported in patients with various diseases exceeded the diurnal changes detected in the present study. Thus, the determination of the Cortisone/cortisol ratio provides information that is useful in assessing the adrenal function of patients with various diseases.
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Serum concentrations of Cortisone and cortisol in premature infants.
Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1997Co-Authors: Michiko Fujitaka, Kazuhiko Jinno, Nobuo Sakura, Kazuo Takata, Takemi Yamasaki, Junsou Inada, Takashi Sakano, Nobuko Horino, Kazuo Kidani, Kazuhiro UedaAbstract:To determine the relationship between biological active cortisol and its inert metabolite Cortisone accurately in premature infants, serum Cortisone and cortisol concentrations were measured by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in a group of 232 premature infants and in a control group of 127 children and 88 adults. In the control group, serum Cortisone concentrations were greater than serum cortisol levels during the first 2 months after birth; cortisol levels were higher than Cortisone levels after 2 months of age. However, in premature infants, serum Cortisone concentrations were greater than serum cortisol levels even after the first 2 months, and total concentrations of Cortisone and cortisol were equal to those in controls. Results were then analyzed according to the equivalent gestational age of premature infants. Cortisone was predominant in premature infants older than 32 weeks of equivalent gestational age, but cortisol was higher than Cortisone from equivalent gestational age 24 to 31 weeks. These findings suggest that the ability of premature infants to secrete glucocorticoids resembled that of normal controls. Also, the fetal zone of the cortex, which is associated with a predominance of Cortisone, remained functional in premature infants for a longer time than in control infants. Our findings that in premature infants Cortisone was predominant compared with cortisol and the sum of Cortisone and cortisol was equal to that in the controls indicate that Cortisone cannot be disregarded whenever the cortisol level is estimated, although Cortisone itself is recognized to be biologically inactive. Simultaneous measurement of serum Cortisone and cortisol concentrations is important when adrenocortical function is being determined, especially in premature infants.
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Clinical significance of Cortisone and Cortisone/cortisol ratio in evaluating children with adrenal diseases
Clinica Chimica Acta, 1996Co-Authors: Shinji Nomura, Michiko Fujitaka, Kazuhiko Jinno, Nobuo Sakura, Kazuhiro UedaAbstract:Abstract Cortisone is derived from the peripheral metabolism of cortisol and lacks biological activity. The rapid interconversion between cortisol and Cortisone has been well established. The altered equilibrium between these steroids may regulate glucocorticoid activity in various tissues. We evaluated the serum levels of cortisol and Cortisone, and the Cortisone/cortisol ratio in ten children with adrenal diseases using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Children with hypoadrenalism exhibited a greater decrease in cortisol as compared with Cortisone. Cortisone levels were higher than cortisol levels, and the Cortisone/cortisol ratio exceeded 1.0. Children with adrenal cancer exhibited normal or high values of cortisol, whereas Cortisone levels were decreased and the Cortisone/cortisol ratio was decreased to nearly zero. The ratio returned to normal after the excision of adrenal tumors. The simultaneous evaluation of cortisol, Cortisone, and Cortisone/cortisol ratio provides a clinical clue of adrenal diseases.
Richard Ross - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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use of salivary cortisol and Cortisone in the high and low dose synacthen test
Clinical Endocrinology, 2018Co-Authors: Charlotte Elder, Robert F Harrison, Alexandra S Cross, Ruben Vilela, Brian G Keevil, Neil Wright, Richard RossAbstract:Context Salivary Cortisone reflects serum cortisol levels, is more sensitive than salivary cortisol at lower values of serum cortisol and is non-invasive. Objective To investigate the relationship between serum cortisol and salivary cortisol and Cortisone following low and high-dose synacthen. Design and Setting Prospective pharmacodynamic studies in clinical research facilities. Participants and Intervention 35 dexamethasone-suppressed, healthy adult males underwent an intravenous synacthen test: N=23 low-dose (1mcg), N=12 high-dose (250mcg). Paired serum and salivary samples were taken at 15 sampling points over 120 minutes. Main outcome measure Serum cortisol and salivary cortisol and Cortisone were analyzed for correlations and by a mixed effects model. Results At baseline the correlation between serum cortisol and salivary cortisol was weak with many samples undetectable (r=0.45, NS), but there was a strong correlation with salivary Cortisone (r=0.94, p<0.001). Up to 50 minutes following synacthen the correlation coefficient between serum cortisol and salivary cortisol and Cortisone was <0.8, but both had a stronger correlation at 60 minutes (salivary cortisol r=0.89, p<0.001, salivary Cortisone r=0.85, p<0.001). The relationship was examined excluding samples in the dynamic phase (baseline to 60 minutes). Salivary cortisol and Cortisone showed a close relationship to serum cortisol. Salivary Cortisone showing the stronger correlation: Salivary cortisol r=0.82, p<0.001, salivary Cortisone r=0.96, p<0.001. Conclusion Following synacthen, both salivary cortisol and Cortisone reflect serum cortisol levels but there is a lag in their rise up to 60mins. The results support further research for possible future use of a 60min salivary Cortisone measurement during the synacthen test. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
