The Experts below are selected from a list of 5970 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Shulin Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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kinetics of psychrophilic anaerobic sequencing batch reactor treating flushed Dairy Manure
Bioresource Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Liang Yu, Craig Frear, Quanbao Zhao, Xiujin Li, Shulin ChenAbstract:Abstract In this study, a new strategy, improving biomass retention with fiber material present within the Dairy Manure as biofilm carriers, was evaluated for treating flushed Dairy Manure in a psychrophilic anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR). A kinetic study was carried out for process control and design by comparing four microbial growth kinetic models, i.e. first order, Grau, Monod and Chen and Hashimoto models. A volumetric methane production rate of 0.24 L/L/d of and a specific methane productivity of 0.19 L/gVSloaded were achieved at 6 days HRT. It was proved that an ASBR using Manure fiber as support media not only improved methane production but also reduced the necessary HRT and temperature to achieve a similar treating efficiency compared with current technologies. The kinetic model can be used for design and optimization of the process.
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Biogas potential and microbial population distributions in flushed Dairy Manure and implications on anaerobic digestion technology
Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 2011Co-Authors: Craig Frear, Zhi Wu Wang, Chenlin Li, Shulin ChenAbstract:BACKGROUND: There remain technological deficiencies in the economical anaerobic digestion of the entire flow of flushed Dairy Manure on farms within cold climates. In order to develop an anaerobic digester tailored for this purpose, this study investigated the distributions of biomass and biogas generated in three particle-size-characterized zones of flushed Dairy Manure. RESULTS: Results demonstrate that comparable biogas generations are equally distributed between the solids and liquid phases of flushed Dairy Manure, implying that at least 50% of methane generation might be lost when utilizing existing processes that only selectively handle the liquid or solids phases. Microscopic and kinetic studies show that the majority of microorganisms in the Manure are attached to the surface of undigested DairyManurefibrous solids. In particular, greater than 70%of acetate-utilizingmethanogens were found closely associated with the indigestible solids. This high microbial affinity to the Dairy Manure solids phase can be traced back to the selection pressure driven bacterial immobilizationmechanism in cattle rumen. CONCLUSION: This study shows that Dairy Manure fibrous solids have the potential to act as effective natural biomass carriers for high rate and simultaneous methanation of both solids and liquid phases of flushed Dairy Manure in one digester.
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Biogas potential and microbial population distributions in flushed Dairy Manure and implications on anaerobic digestion technology
Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2010Co-Authors: Craig Frear, Zhi Wu Wang, Chenlin Li, Shulin ChenAbstract:BACKGROUND: There remain technological deficiencies in the economical anaerobic digestion of the entire flow of flushed Dairy Manure on farms within cold climates. In order to develop an anaerobic digester tailored for this purpose, this study investigated the distributions of biomass and biogas generated in three particle-size-characterized zones of flushed Dairy Manure. RESULTS: Results demonstrate that comparable biogas generations are equally distributed between the solids and liquid phases of flushed Dairy Manure, implying that at least 50% of methane generation might be lost when utilizing existing processes that only selectively handle the liquid or solids phases. Microscopic and kinetic studies show that the majority of microorganisms in the Manure are attached to the surface of undigested Dairy Manure fibrous solids. In particular, greater than 70% of acetate-utilizing methanogens were found closely associated with the indigestible solids. This high microbial affinity to the Dairy Manure solids phase can be traced back to the selection pressure driven bacterial immobilization mechanism in cattle rumen. CONCLUSION: This study shows that Dairy Manure fibrous solids have the potential to act as effective natural biomass carriers for high rate and simultaneous methanation of both solids and liquid phases of flushed Dairy Manure in one digester. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
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biogas production from anaerobic co digestion of food waste with Dairy Manure in a two phase digestion system
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2010Co-Authors: Shulin Chen, Rongping Li, Xiujiu LiAbstract:Co-digestion of food waste and Dairy Manure in a two-phase digestion system was conducted in laboratory scale. Four influents of R0, R1, R2, and R3 were tested, which were made by mixing food waste with Dairy Manure at different ratios of 0:1, 1:1, 3:1, and 6:1, respectively. For each influent, three runs of experiments were performed with the same overall hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 13 days but different HRT for acidification (1, 2, and 3 days) and methanogenesis (12, 11, and 10 days) in two-phase digesters. The results showed that the gas production rate (GPR) of co-digestion of food waste with Dairy Manure was enhanced by 0.8–5.5 times as compared to the digestion with Dairy Manure alone. Appropriate HRT for acidification was mainly determined by the biodegradability of the substrate digested. Three-, 2-, and 1-day HRT for acidification were found to be optimal for the digestion of R0, R1, and R2/R3, respectively, when overall HRT of 13 days was used. The highest GPR of 3.97 L/L·day was achieved for R3(6:1) in Run 1 (1 + 12 days), therefore, the mixing ratio of 6:1 and HRT of 1 day for acidification were considered to be the optimal ones and thus recommended for co-digestion of food waste and Dairy Manure. There were close correlations between degradation of organic matters and GPR. The highest VS removal rate was achieved at the same HRT for acidification and mixing ratio of food waste and Dairy Manure as GPR in the co-digestion. The two-phase digestion system showed good stability, which was mainly attributed to the strong buffering capacity with two-phase system and the high alkalinity from Dairy Manure when co-digested with food waste.
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anaerobic biogasification of undiluted Dairy Manure in leaching bed reactors
Waste Management, 2008Co-Authors: Göksel N. Demirer, Shulin ChenAbstract:Dry anaerobic digestion of high solids animal Manure is of increasing importance since conventional slurry digestion is not an effective system for these Manures. The investment costs for large-size reactors, costs for heating these reactors, handling, dewatering, and the disposal of the digested residue decrease the benefits of conventional slurry anaerobic digestion for high solids animal Manure. Even though leaching bed reactors (LBR) constitute a promising option for dry anaerobic biogasification of animal Manure, no study is cited in the literature for animal Manure, excluding a single study on cattle waste which utilized a similar concept in a different experimental set-up, namely a packed bed digester. Therefore, this work was undertaken to investigate the anaerobic biogasification of undiluted Dairy Manure in LBRs. To this purpose anaerobic leaching bed reactors (ALBR) packed with a mixture of Dairy Manure, anaerobic seed and wood powder/chips were operated. The ALBRs were fed with water, and the leachate that was collected from their effluents was subjected to biochemical methane potential (BMP) experiments to determine the biogas production. The results revealed that LBRs can successfully be applied to anaerobic digestion of undiluted Dairy Manure with around 25% improvement in biogas production relative to conventional (slurry) anaerobic digesters.
Ziniu Yu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cellulose decomposition and larval biomass production from the co digestion of Dairy Manure and chicken Manure by mini livestock hermetia illucens l
Journal of Environmental Management, 2017Co-Authors: Kashif Ur Rehman, Longyu Zheng, Ziniu Yu, Hui Wang, Xiaopeng Xiao, Abdul Aziz Soomro, Yusha Zhou, Wu Li, Jibin ZhangAbstract:Abstract World trends toward the modern dairies intensification on large production units cause massive animal Manure production and accumulation. Improper handling of Manure produced by industrial farm operation greatly deteriorates the major environmental media including air, water and soil. The black soldier fly utilizes organic waste and converts it into larvae biomass to be used as livestock feed and into residues to be used as bio-fertilizer. However, due to the high ratio of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in Dairy Manure, this conversion is difficult. Therefore, Dairy Manure treated with chicken Manure was digested by Hermetia illucens . In this paper, we found that the co-digestion process significantly enhanced the larval production, waste mass reduction, rate of larvae conversion, feed conversion ratio, nutrient reduction and fibers utilization. Whereas 40% Dairy Manure and 60% chicken Manure group show better results than other Manure mixtures and had a significantly increased the cellulose consumption by 61.19%, hemicellulose consumption by 53.22% and lignin consumption by 42.23% compared with 49.89%, 49.77% and 31.95%, respectively, in the Dairy-only Manure group. Finally, scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the structural changes of Dairy Manure, chicken Manure and their co-digestion mixtures. The scan electron microscopy showed the deterioration in the structure of Dairy and chicken Manure fibers by Hermetia illucens . Moreover, the carbon-nitrogen ratio was decreased in all end products of post vermicomposting. The results suggest that the co-digestion of 40% Dairy Manure with 60% chicken Manure is an appropriate proportion for Dairy Manure management with the black soldier fly.
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bioconversion of Dairy Manure by black soldier fly diptera stratiomyidae for biodiesel and sugar production
Waste Management, 2011Co-Authors: Qing Li, Longyu Zheng, Jeffery K. Tomberlin, Ziniu YuAbstract:Modern dairies cause the accumulation of considerable quantity of Dairy Manure which is a potential hazard to the environment. Dairy Manure can also act as a principal larval resource for many insects such as the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens. The black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are considered as a new biotechnology to convert Dairy Manure into biodiesel and sugar. BSFL are a common colonizer of large variety of decomposing organic material in temperate and tropical areas. Adults do not need to be fed, except to take water, and acquired enough nutrition during larval development for reproduction. Dairy Manure treated by BSFL is an economical way in animal facilities. Grease could be extracted from BSFL by petroleum ether, and then be treated with a two-step method to produce biodiesel. The digested Dairy Manure was hydrolyzed into sugar. In this study, approximately 1248.6 g fresh Dairy Manure was converted into 273.4 g dry residue by 1200 BSFL in 21 days. Approximately 15.8 g of biodiesel was gained from 70.8 g dry BSFL, and 96.2 g sugar was obtained from the digested Dairy Manure. The residual dry BSFL after grease extraction can be used as protein feedstuff.
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Bioconversion of Dairy Manure by black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) for biodiesel and sugar production
Waste Management, 2011Co-Authors: Qing Li, Ning Qiu, Hao Cai, Longyu Zheng, Jeffery K. Tomberlin, Ziniu YuAbstract:Modern dairies cause the accumulation of considerable quantity of Dairy Manure which is a potential hazard to the environment. Dairy Manure can also act as a principal larval resource for many insects such as the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens. The black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are considered as a new biotechnology to convert Dairy Manure into biodiesel and sugar. BSFL are a common colonizer of large variety of decomposing organic material in temperate and tropical areas. Adults do not need to be fed, except to take water, and acquired enough nutrition during larval development for reproduction. Dairy Manure treated by BSFL is an economical way in animal facilities. Grease could be extracted from BSFL by petroleum ether, and then be treated with a two-step method to produce biodiesel. The digested Dairy Manure was hydrolyzed into sugar. In this study, approximately 1248.6. g fresh Dairy Manure was converted into 273.4. g dry residue by 1200 BSFL in 21. days. Approximately 15.8. g of biodiesel was gained from 70.8. g dry BSFL, and 96.2. g sugar was obtained from the digested Dairy Manure. The residual dry BSFL after grease extraction can be used as protein feedstuff. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Yangyang Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reactor performance and energy analysis of solid state anaerobic co digestion of Dairy Manure with corn stover and tomato residues
Waste Management, 2017Co-Authors: Yangyang Li, Yu Li, Jiaxin Lu, Shuyan Li, Fuqing Xu, Ajay Shah, Xuehua Zhang, Hongyu Zhang, Xiaoyan GongAbstract:Abstract Anaerobic co-digestion is commonly believed to be benefical for biogas production. However, additional of co-substrates may require additional energy inputs and thus affect the overall energy efficiency of the system. In this study, reactor performance and energy analysis of solid state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) of tomato residues with Dairy Manure and corn stover were investigated. Different fractions of tomato residues (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%, based on volatile solid weight (VS)) were co-digested with Dairy Manure and corn stover at 15% total solids. Energy analysis based on experimental data was conducted for three scenarios: SS-AD of 100% Dairy Manure, SS-AD of binary mixture (60% Dairy Manure and 40% corn stover, VS based), and SS-AD of ternary mixture (36% Dairy Manure, 24% corn stover, and 40% tomato residues, VS based). For each scenario, the energy requirements for individual process components, including feedstock collection and transportation, feedstock pretreatment, biogas plant operation, digestate processing and handling, and the energy production were examined. Results showed that the addition of 20 and 40% tomato residues increased methane yield compared to that of the Dairy Manure and corn stover mixture, indicating that the co-digestion could balance nutrients and improve the performance of solid-state anaerobic digestion. The energy required for heating substrates had the dominant effect on the total energy consumption. The highest volatile solids (VS) reduction (57.0%), methane yield (379.1 L/kg VS feed ), and net energy production were achieved with the mixture of 24% corn stover, 36% Dairy Manure, and 40% tomato residues. Thus, the extra energy input for adding tomato residues for co-digestion could be compensated by the increase of methane yield.
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solid state anaerobic co digestion of tomato residues with Dairy Manure and corn stover for biogas production
Bioresource Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Yangyang Li, Yu Li, Difang Zhang, Guoxue Li, Jiaxin Lu, Shuyan LiAbstract:Abstract Solid-state anaerobic co-digestion of tomato residues with Dairy Manure and corn stover was conducted at 20% total solids under 35 °C for 45 days. Results showed digestion of mixed tomato residues with Dairy Manure and corn stover improved methane yields. The highest VS reduction (46.2%) and methane yield (415.4 L/kg VSfeed) were achieved with the ternary mixtures of 33% corn stover, 54% Dairy Manure, and 13% tomato residues, lead to a 0.5–10.2-fold higher than that of individual feedstocks. Inhibition of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) to biogas production occurred when more than 40% tomato residues were added. The results indicated that ternary mixtures diluted the inhibitors that would otherwise cause inhibition in the digestion of tomato residues as a mono-feedstock.
Longyu Zheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cellulose decomposition and larval biomass production from the co digestion of Dairy Manure and chicken Manure by mini livestock hermetia illucens l
Journal of Environmental Management, 2017Co-Authors: Kashif Ur Rehman, Longyu Zheng, Ziniu Yu, Hui Wang, Xiaopeng Xiao, Abdul Aziz Soomro, Yusha Zhou, Wu Li, Jibin ZhangAbstract:Abstract World trends toward the modern dairies intensification on large production units cause massive animal Manure production and accumulation. Improper handling of Manure produced by industrial farm operation greatly deteriorates the major environmental media including air, water and soil. The black soldier fly utilizes organic waste and converts it into larvae biomass to be used as livestock feed and into residues to be used as bio-fertilizer. However, due to the high ratio of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in Dairy Manure, this conversion is difficult. Therefore, Dairy Manure treated with chicken Manure was digested by Hermetia illucens . In this paper, we found that the co-digestion process significantly enhanced the larval production, waste mass reduction, rate of larvae conversion, feed conversion ratio, nutrient reduction and fibers utilization. Whereas 40% Dairy Manure and 60% chicken Manure group show better results than other Manure mixtures and had a significantly increased the cellulose consumption by 61.19%, hemicellulose consumption by 53.22% and lignin consumption by 42.23% compared with 49.89%, 49.77% and 31.95%, respectively, in the Dairy-only Manure group. Finally, scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the structural changes of Dairy Manure, chicken Manure and their co-digestion mixtures. The scan electron microscopy showed the deterioration in the structure of Dairy and chicken Manure fibers by Hermetia illucens . Moreover, the carbon-nitrogen ratio was decreased in all end products of post vermicomposting. The results suggest that the co-digestion of 40% Dairy Manure with 60% chicken Manure is an appropriate proportion for Dairy Manure management with the black soldier fly.
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bioconversion of Dairy Manure by black soldier fly diptera stratiomyidae for biodiesel and sugar production
Waste Management, 2011Co-Authors: Qing Li, Longyu Zheng, Jeffery K. Tomberlin, Ziniu YuAbstract:Modern dairies cause the accumulation of considerable quantity of Dairy Manure which is a potential hazard to the environment. Dairy Manure can also act as a principal larval resource for many insects such as the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens. The black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are considered as a new biotechnology to convert Dairy Manure into biodiesel and sugar. BSFL are a common colonizer of large variety of decomposing organic material in temperate and tropical areas. Adults do not need to be fed, except to take water, and acquired enough nutrition during larval development for reproduction. Dairy Manure treated by BSFL is an economical way in animal facilities. Grease could be extracted from BSFL by petroleum ether, and then be treated with a two-step method to produce biodiesel. The digested Dairy Manure was hydrolyzed into sugar. In this study, approximately 1248.6 g fresh Dairy Manure was converted into 273.4 g dry residue by 1200 BSFL in 21 days. Approximately 15.8 g of biodiesel was gained from 70.8 g dry BSFL, and 96.2 g sugar was obtained from the digested Dairy Manure. The residual dry BSFL after grease extraction can be used as protein feedstuff.
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Bioconversion of Dairy Manure by black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) for biodiesel and sugar production
Waste Management, 2011Co-Authors: Qing Li, Ning Qiu, Hao Cai, Longyu Zheng, Jeffery K. Tomberlin, Ziniu YuAbstract:Modern dairies cause the accumulation of considerable quantity of Dairy Manure which is a potential hazard to the environment. Dairy Manure can also act as a principal larval resource for many insects such as the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens. The black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are considered as a new biotechnology to convert Dairy Manure into biodiesel and sugar. BSFL are a common colonizer of large variety of decomposing organic material in temperate and tropical areas. Adults do not need to be fed, except to take water, and acquired enough nutrition during larval development for reproduction. Dairy Manure treated by BSFL is an economical way in animal facilities. Grease could be extracted from BSFL by petroleum ether, and then be treated with a two-step method to produce biodiesel. The digested Dairy Manure was hydrolyzed into sugar. In this study, approximately 1248.6. g fresh Dairy Manure was converted into 273.4. g dry residue by 1200 BSFL in 21. days. Approximately 15.8. g of biodiesel was gained from 70.8. g dry BSFL, and 96.2. g sugar was obtained from the digested Dairy Manure. The residual dry BSFL after grease extraction can be used as protein feedstuff. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Shuyan Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reactor performance and energy analysis of solid state anaerobic co digestion of Dairy Manure with corn stover and tomato residues
Waste Management, 2017Co-Authors: Yangyang Li, Yu Li, Jiaxin Lu, Shuyan Li, Fuqing Xu, Ajay Shah, Xuehua Zhang, Hongyu Zhang, Xiaoyan GongAbstract:Abstract Anaerobic co-digestion is commonly believed to be benefical for biogas production. However, additional of co-substrates may require additional energy inputs and thus affect the overall energy efficiency of the system. In this study, reactor performance and energy analysis of solid state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) of tomato residues with Dairy Manure and corn stover were investigated. Different fractions of tomato residues (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%, based on volatile solid weight (VS)) were co-digested with Dairy Manure and corn stover at 15% total solids. Energy analysis based on experimental data was conducted for three scenarios: SS-AD of 100% Dairy Manure, SS-AD of binary mixture (60% Dairy Manure and 40% corn stover, VS based), and SS-AD of ternary mixture (36% Dairy Manure, 24% corn stover, and 40% tomato residues, VS based). For each scenario, the energy requirements for individual process components, including feedstock collection and transportation, feedstock pretreatment, biogas plant operation, digestate processing and handling, and the energy production were examined. Results showed that the addition of 20 and 40% tomato residues increased methane yield compared to that of the Dairy Manure and corn stover mixture, indicating that the co-digestion could balance nutrients and improve the performance of solid-state anaerobic digestion. The energy required for heating substrates had the dominant effect on the total energy consumption. The highest volatile solids (VS) reduction (57.0%), methane yield (379.1 L/kg VS feed ), and net energy production were achieved with the mixture of 24% corn stover, 36% Dairy Manure, and 40% tomato residues. Thus, the extra energy input for adding tomato residues for co-digestion could be compensated by the increase of methane yield.
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solid state anaerobic co digestion of tomato residues with Dairy Manure and corn stover for biogas production
Bioresource Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Yangyang Li, Yu Li, Difang Zhang, Guoxue Li, Jiaxin Lu, Shuyan LiAbstract:Abstract Solid-state anaerobic co-digestion of tomato residues with Dairy Manure and corn stover was conducted at 20% total solids under 35 °C for 45 days. Results showed digestion of mixed tomato residues with Dairy Manure and corn stover improved methane yields. The highest VS reduction (46.2%) and methane yield (415.4 L/kg VSfeed) were achieved with the ternary mixtures of 33% corn stover, 54% Dairy Manure, and 13% tomato residues, lead to a 0.5–10.2-fold higher than that of individual feedstocks. Inhibition of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) to biogas production occurred when more than 40% tomato residues were added. The results indicated that ternary mixtures diluted the inhibitors that would otherwise cause inhibition in the digestion of tomato residues as a mono-feedstock.
