The Experts below are selected from a list of 282 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
André V. L. Freitas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
A new clearwing butterfly from northeastern Brazil (Nymphalidae: Danainae: Ithomiini)
2020Co-Authors: André V. L. FreitasAbstract:A new clearwing butterfly, Napeogenes inachia grazielae Freitas ssp. nov., is described from the Atlantic Forest in northeastern Brazil. This subspecies is relatively common in forest fragments and has been reported from 17 localities from sea level to 900 m in the Brazilian states of Pernambuco and Alagoas. The immature stages are illustrated and redescribed.
-
Immature stages of Mechanitis polymnia casabranca (Nymphalidae, Danainae)
2019Co-Authors: Márcio Romero Marques Carvalho, Eduardo P. Barbosa, André V. L. FreitasAbstract:The immature stages of the butterfly Mechanitis polymnia casabranca (Haensch, 1905) are described in detail. The eggs are ellipsoidal, taller than wide, white and laid in clusters on the upper surface of mature leaves of Solanaceae host plants. The larva passes through five instars. The first instar head capsule is black and the body is translucent white. From the second instar on, the head capsule changes to light brown, and the body changes to light gray, turning bluish yellow before pupation. Initially, the pupa is yellow with black markings, turning reflective silvery after the first day. The immature stages are similar to other species of Mechanitis , however it is possible to differentiate the larvae of M. polymnia by the light brown head capsule in the second and subsequent instars.
-
immature stages of pagyris cymothoe cymothoe hewitson 1855 lepidoptera Danainae ithomiini
Tropical Zoology, 2013Co-Authors: Carlos E Giraldo, Eduardo P. Barbosa, André V. L. FreitasAbstract:This paper describes the immature stages of Pagyris cymothoe cymothoe (Hewitson, 1855) based on samples collected in Venezuela and Colombia in 1991 and 2013, respectively. Eggs were collected on Brugmansiacandida Pers. and Brugmansiasuaveolens (Willd.), and reared on B.suaveolens under laboratory conditions at 25 ± 2°C. Larvae are gregarious, passing through five instars; the duration of life cycle (from egg to adult) lasted about 28 days. Detailed morphology of the egg and first instar chaetotaxy is presented. This new life history is compared with the life histories of Pagyris ulla (Hewitson, 1857) and of the sister genus Placidina d'Almeida, 1928.
-
Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) of the Parque Ecológico João Vasconcelos Sobrinho, Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brazil
Biota Neotropica, 2011Co-Authors: Márlon Paluch, Mirna Martins Casagrande, Olaf H. H. Mielke, Carlos Eduardo Beserra Nobre, Douglas H. A. Melo, André V. L. FreitasAbstract:Comprising a natural reserve with 359 ha of "montane forest" inserted on the Brazilian semi-arid, the Parque Ecologico Joao Vasconcelos Sobrinho (PEJVS), locally known as "Brejo dos Cavalos" is currently under high anthropogenic pressure. A list of 197 species of butterflies belonging to six families is presented, being 59 species of Hesperiidae, 4 of Papilionidae, 18 of Pieridae, 17 of Lycaenidae, 12 of Riodinidae and 87 of Nymphalidae. The butterfly community was composed mainly by widespread species commonly found in open habitats. There were also many species typical of forested areas such as Scada karschina delicata Talbot, 1932 (Danainae: Ithomiini), which is an endangered butterfly.
-
Chromosomal evolution in the South American Nymphalidae
Hereditas, 2007Co-Authors: Keith S. Brown, Niklas Wahlberg, André V. L. Freitas, Barbara Von Schoultz, Anja O. SauraAbstract:We give the chromosome numbers of about 80 species or subspecies of Biblidinae as well as of numbers of neotropical Libytheinae (one species), Cyrestinae (4) Apaturinae (7), Nymphalinae (about 40), Limenitidinae (16) and Heliconiinae (11). Libytheana has about n=32, the Biblidinae, Apaturinae and Nymphalinae have in general n=31, the Limenitidinae have n=30, the few Argynnini n=31 and the few species of Acraeni studied have also mostly n=31. The results agree with earlier data from the Afrotropical species of these taxa. We supplement these data with our earlier observations on Heliconiini, Danainae and the Neotropical Satyroid taxa. The lepidopteran modal n=29-31 represents clearly the ancestral condition among the Nymphalidae, from which taxa with various chromosome numbers have differentiated. The overall results show that Neotropical taxa have a tendency to evolve karyotype instability, which is in stark contrast to the otherwise stable chromosome numbers that characterize both Lepidoptera and Trichoptera.
David A. S. Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
(Lepidoptera: Danainae), reinstated as a species
2014Co-Authors: Gugs Lushai, David A. S. Smith, Dave Goulson, Myron P. Zalucki, Greg DanielsAbstract:Key words The lesser wanderer butterfly, Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus petilia (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Danainae), has been treated as a subspecies for the last 100 years. New mitochondrial DNA sequence data for D. petilia, in conjunction with allozyme, structural, morphometric and pattern characters, constitute a compelling case for its specific rank. The holotype of D. petilia has never been located and, as the type location is uncertain, a neotype is designated. Fresh material was collected and examined for this project. Danaus petilia and D. chrysippus have been separated at Lydekker’s Line for an estimated 1.1 million years, and they remain interfertile. However, as an allopatric taxon, diagnosable from D. chrysippus, D. petilia merits specific status under the phylogenetic species concept. The following pairs of D. chrysippus subspecies are considered to be synonyms, the first member of each pair havin
-
The lesser wanderer butterfly, Danaus petilia (Stoll 1790) stat. rev.(Lepidoptera: Danainae), reinstated as a species
Australian Journal of Entomology, 2005Co-Authors: Gugs Lushai, David A. S. Smith, Dave Goulson, Myron P. Zalucki, Greg DanielsAbstract:The lesser wanderer butterfly, Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus petilia (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Danainae), has been treated as a subspecies for the last 100 years. New mitochondrial DNA sequence data for D. petilia, in conjunction with allozyme, structural, morphometric and pattern characters, constitute a compelling case for its specific rank. The holotype of D. petilia has never been located and, as the type location is uncertain, a neotype is designated. Fresh material was collected and examined for this project. Danaus petilia and D. chrysippus have been separated at Lydekker's Line for an estimated 1.1 million years, and they remain interfertile. However, as an allopatric taxon, diagnosable from D. chrysippus, D. petilia merits specific status under the phylogenetic species concept. The following pairs of D. chrysippus subspecies are considered to be synonyms, the first member of each pair having priority: chrysippus + aegyptius (subspecies), klugii + infumata (hybrid phenotypes) and orientis +liboria (subspecies).
-
Polymorphism and evolution in the butterfly Danaus chrysippus (L.) (Lepidoptera: Danainae)
Heredity, 1993Co-Authors: David A. S. Smith, Denis F Owen, Ian J Gordon, Agoroachai M OwinyAbstract:Analysis of the genetic structure of a sample of the polymorphic butterfly Danaus chrysippus from Kampala, Uganda shows that the population is undergoing substantial evolutionary change. Comparison with samples from the same area going back to before 1900, indicate that the frequency of form alcippus has increased from 16 per cent to 71 per cent (1909–91) while f. dorippus has decreased from 14 per cent to 2 per cent, f. aegyptius from 66 per cent to 24 per cent and f. albinus from 4 per cent to 3 per cent. Genotype frequency differences between the sexes at two of the three loci examined suggest that a balanced polymorphism is maintained by opposing selective forces acting on males and females. Non-gametic (genotypic) disequilibrium between two pairs of unlinked loci indicates that natural selection is involved, again with sex differences. It is suggested that the polymorphism originated after hybridization of allopatric races which evolved during the Pleistocene but are now maintained sympatrically. The selective agents have not been identified but mimetic relationships, both Batesian and Müllerian, are almost certainly involved.
Hiroshi Honda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
production and sex pheromonal activity of alkaloid derived androconial compounds in the danaine butterfly parantica sita lepidoptera nymphalidae Danainae
Biological Journal of The Linnean Society, 2016Co-Authors: Keiichi Honda, Yasuyuki Honda, Junya Matsumoto, Yoshiaki Tsuruta, Wataru Yagi, Hisashi Ômura, Hiroshi HondaAbstract:Close associations of certain lepidopteran taxa with pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), a typical class of plant secondary metabolites, have been well documented from the perspective of evolutionary ecology. Male danaine butterflies are thought to utilize PAs as precursors for the production of dihydropyrrolizines [e.g. danaidone (DO) and hydroxydanaidal (HD)] in their two distinct androconial organs, viz. alar scent organs (sex brands) and abdominal hairpencils. However, little is known about the quantitative profiles of these compounds in danaines, the mechanism for their formation in the androconial organs, or their biological functions, particularly in mating behaviour. The present study addressed these unanswered questions posed for males of the danaine butterfly, Parantica sita. Chemical analyses of androconial extracts revealed considerable seasonal/regional and individual variations of the amounts of DO (the major dihydropyrrolizine produced) and 7R-HD (the 7R-enantiomer of HD detected in this study) found in the two organs. These variations seemed to depend primarily on the age of the male and the phenological traits of PA-containing plants available. Males were found to acquire an adequate capability to produce DO ~1 week after eclosion. DO was shown to be produced exclusively in the sex brand and subsequently physically transferred to the hairpencil through a contact behaviour between the two organs, here termed ‘perfuming behaviour’. The results of behavioural experiments with PA-fed and PA-unfed males that were allowed to compete for mates, combined with the positive electroantennographic (EAG) responses of the female, to both DO and 7R-HD, led to the conclusion that either or both of these compounds can act as the sex pheromone. Oral administration of PAs to males indicated that DO can be biosynthesized from various PA precursors, while 7R-HD, unlike in arctiid moths, is derived only from PAs with the 7R-configuration. The putative biosynthetic pathways of DO and 7R-HD, and the evolutionary provenance of the binate androconial system in the Danainae are also discussed.
-
Production and sex‐pheromonal activity of alkaloid‐derived androconial compounds in the danaine butterfly, Parantica sita (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Danainae)
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016Co-Authors: Keiichi Honda, Yasuyuki Honda, Junya Matsumoto, Yoshiaki Tsuruta, Wataru Yagi, Hisashi Ômura, Hiroshi HondaAbstract:Close associations of certain lepidopteran taxa with pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), a typical class of plant secondary metabolites, have been well documented from the perspective of evolutionary ecology. Male danaine butterflies are thought to utilize PAs as precursors for the production of dihydropyrrolizines [e.g. danaidone (DO) and hydroxydanaidal (HD)] in their two distinct androconial organs, viz. alar scent organs (sex brands) and abdominal hairpencils. However, little is known about the quantitative profiles of these compounds in danaines, the mechanism for their formation in the androconial organs, or their biological functions, particularly in mating behaviour. The present study addressed these unanswered questions posed for males of the danaine butterfly, Parantica sita. Chemical analyses of androconial extracts revealed considerable seasonal/regional and individual variations of the amounts of DO (the major dihydropyrrolizine produced) and 7R-HD (the 7R-enantiomer of HD detected in this study) found in the two organs. These variations seemed to depend primarily on the age of the male and the phenological traits of PA-containing plants available. Males were found to acquire an adequate capability to produce DO ~1 week after eclosion. DO was shown to be produced exclusively in the sex brand and subsequently physically transferred to the hairpencil through a contact behaviour between the two organs, here termed ‘perfuming behaviour’. The results of behavioural experiments with PA-fed and PA-unfed males that were allowed to compete for mates, combined with the positive electroantennographic (EAG) responses of the female, to both DO and 7R-HD, led to the conclusion that either or both of these compounds can act as the sex pheromone. Oral administration of PAs to males indicated that DO can be biosynthesized from various PA precursors, while 7R-HD, unlike in arctiid moths, is derived only from PAs with the 7R-configuration. The putative biosynthetic pathways of DO and 7R-HD, and the evolutionary provenance of the binate androconial system in the Danainae are also discussed.
Daniels Greg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The lesser wanderer butterfly, Danaus petilia (Stoll 1970) stat. rev. (Lepidoptera: Danainae), reinstated as a species
'Wiley', 2005Co-Authors: Lushai Gugs, Zalucki, Myron P., Smith, David A. S., Goulson Dave, Daniels GregAbstract:The lesser wanderer butterfly, Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus petilia (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Danainae), has been treated as a subspecies for the last 100 years. New mitochondrial DNA sequence data for D. petilia, in conjunction with allozyme, structural, morphometric and pattern characters, constitute a compelling case for its specific rank. The holotype of D. petilia has never been located and, as the type location is uncertain, a neotype is designated. Fresh material was collected and examined for this project. Danaus petilia and D. chrysippus have been separated at Lydekker's Line for an estimated 1.1 million years, and they remain interfertile. However, as an allopatric taxon, diagnosable from D. chrysippus, D. petilia merits specific status under the phylogenetic species concept. The following pairs of D. chrysippus subspecies are considered to be synonyms, the first member of each pair having priority: chrysippus + aegyptius (subspecies), klugii + infumata (hybrid phenotypes) and orientis +liboria (subspecies)
-
The lesser wanderer butterfly, Danaus petilia (Stoll 1790) stat. rev. (Lepidoptera: Danainae), reinstated as a species
'Wiley', 2005Co-Authors: Lushai Gugs, Zalucki, Myron P., Smith, David A. S., Goulson Dave, Daniels GregAbstract:The lesser wanderer butterfly, Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus petilia (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Danainae), has been treated as a subspecies for the last 100 years. New mitochondrial DNA sequence data for D. petilia, in conjunction with allozyme, structural, morphometric and pattern characters, constitute a compelling case for its specific rank. The holotype of D. petilia has never been located and, as the type location is uncertain, a neotype is designated. Fresh material was collected and examined for this project. Danaus petilia and D. chrysippus have been separated at Lydekker's Line for an estimated 1.1 million years, and they remain interfertile. However, as an allopatric taxon, diagnosable from D. chrysippus, D. petilia merits specific status under the phylogenetic species concept. The following pairs of D. chrysippus subspecies are considered to be synonyms, the first member of each pair having priority: chrysippus + aegyptius (subspecies), klugii + infumata (hybrid phenotypes) and orientis +liboria (subspecies)
Olaf H. H. Mielke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) of the Parque Ecológico João Vasconcelos Sobrinho, Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brazil
Biota Neotropica, 2011Co-Authors: Márlon Paluch, Mirna Martins Casagrande, Olaf H. H. Mielke, Carlos Eduardo Beserra Nobre, Douglas H. A. Melo, André V. L. FreitasAbstract:Comprising a natural reserve with 359 ha of "montane forest" inserted on the Brazilian semi-arid, the Parque Ecologico Joao Vasconcelos Sobrinho (PEJVS), locally known as "Brejo dos Cavalos" is currently under high anthropogenic pressure. A list of 197 species of butterflies belonging to six families is presented, being 59 species of Hesperiidae, 4 of Papilionidae, 18 of Pieridae, 17 of Lycaenidae, 12 of Riodinidae and 87 of Nymphalidae. The butterfly community was composed mainly by widespread species commonly found in open habitats. There were also many species typical of forested areas such as Scada karschina delicata Talbot, 1932 (Danainae: Ithomiini), which is an endangered butterfly.
-
Morfologia externa do adulto de Actinote melanisans (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae: Acraeini) External morphology of adult A. melanisans (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae: Acraeini)
Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, 2008Co-Authors: Márlon Paluch, Mirna M. Casagrande, Olaf H. H. MielkeAbstract:A morfologia externa do adulto de A. melanisans Oberthür, 1917 é descrita e ilustrada. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com outros já publicados para a morfologia externa de Nymphalidae (Danainae, Brassolinae/Brassolini sensu CASAGRANDE (2004), Morphinae/Morphini sensu LAMAS (2004a), Ithomiinae e Charaxinae). É apresentado um padrão para a caracterização morfológica do gênero, sendo esse o primeiro estudo detalhado de morfologia de uma espécie de Acraeini, agregando informações úteis para subsidiar a análise filogenética das espécies Neotropicais.The external morphology of adult A. melanisans Oberthür, 1917 is described and illustrated. The results obtained were compared with other studies already published on the external morphology of Nymphalidae - Danainae: Brassolinae: Brassolini sensu CASAGRANDE (2004), Morphinae: Morphini sensu LAMAS (2004a), Ithomiinae and Charaxinae. A pattern for the morphological characterization of the genus is presented. It is the first detailed study of the morphology of a species of Acraeini, therefore contributing with information on characters useful for the phylogenetic analysis of the Neotropical species
-
Estudo comparado da morfologia externa de Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood) e Agrias claudina annetta (Gray) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Charaxinae). III. Abdome Comparative study of the external morphology of Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood) and Agrias cl
Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, 2004Co-Authors: Carlos Guilherme C. Mielke, Olaf H. H. Mielke, Mirna M. CasagrandeAbstract:Realizou-se um estudo detalhado e comparado da morfologia externa do abdome de duas espécies de Charaxinae, Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood, 1850) e Agrias claudina annetta (Gray, 1832). Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com outros já publicados e relacionados com morfologia externa de alguns Nymphalidae (Brassolinae, Morphinae, Danainae e Ithomiinae) and Lycaenidae.Two species of Charaxinae, Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood, 1850) and Agrias claudina annetta (Gray, 1832) were subject of a detailed and comparative study of external morphology of the abdome. The results obtained were compared with other studies published and related to the external morphology of other Nymphalidae (Brassolinae, Morphinae, Danainae and Ithomiinae) and Lycaenidae
-
Estudo comparado da morfologia externa de Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood) e Agrias claudina annetta (Gray). (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Charaxinae): II. Tórax e apêndices Comparative study of the external morphology of Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood) an
Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, 2004Co-Authors: Carlos Guilherme C. Mielke, Olaf H. H. Mielke, Mirna M. CasagrandeAbstract:Realizou-se um estudo detalhado e comparado da morfologia externa do tórax e apêndices de duas espécies de Charaxinae, Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood, 1850) e Agrias claudina annetta (Gray, 1832). Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com outros já publicados e relacionados com morfologia externa de outros Nymphalidae (Brassolinae, Morphinae, Danainae e Ithomiinae), Lycaenidae, Saturniidae e Sphingidae.Two species of Charaxinae, Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood, 1850) and Agrias claudina annetta (Gray, 1832) were subject of a detailed and comparative study of external morphology of the thorax and appendages. The results obtained were compared with other studies published and related to the external morphology of other Nymphalidae (Brassolinae, Morphinae, Danainae and Ithomiinae), Lycaenidae, Saturniidae and Sphingidae
-
Estudo comparado da morfologia externa de Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood) e Agrias claudina annetta (Gray) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Charaxinae) I. Cabeça, apêndices e região cervical Comparative study of the external morphology of Zaretis itys itylu
Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, 2004Co-Authors: Carlos Guilherme C. Mielke, Olaf H. H. Mielke, Mirna M. CasagrandeAbstract:Realizou-se um estudo detalhado e comparado da morfologia externa da cabeça, apêndices e região cervical, de duas espécies de Charaxinae, Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood, 1850) e Agrias claudina annetta (Gray, 1832). Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com outros já publicados e relacionados com morfologia externa de outras subfamílias de Nymphalidae (Brassolinae, Morphinae, Danainae e Ithomiinae).Two species of Charaxinae, Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood, 1850) and Agrias claudina annetta (Gray, 1832) were subject of a detailed and comparative study of external morphology of the head, appendages and cervical region. The results obtained were compared with other studies published and related to the external morphology of other Nymphalidae subfamilies (Brassolinae, Morphinae, Danainae and Ithomiinae)
