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Arno De Klerk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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visbreaking of vacuum residue Deasphalted Oil new asphaltenes formation
Energy & Fuels, 2020Co-Authors: Arno De Klerk, Glaucia H C PradoAbstract:The formation of new heavier material during thermal processing has long been known, and under typical visbreaking conditions, vacuum conversion of Deasphalted Oil is described using a first-order kinetic reaction. Using the equivalent residence time (ERT) assumption, the residence time and reaction temperature are interchangeable variables to achieve the same conversion, where conversion is defined as the decrease of the vacuum residue through its conversion to lighter bOiling fractions. With the combination of these observations about the visbreaking process, the following research question was raised: would process conditions that, in principle, lead to the same conversion also lead to the same asphaltenes content in the final product? The answer to this question was evaluated in this work, where vacuum residue Deasphalted Oil was submitted to visbreaking. Isoconversion conditions were obtained by the ERT concept. As expected, an increase in n-pentane-insoluble material was obtained at all process cond...
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asphaltenes formation during thermal conversion of Deasphalted Oil
Fuel, 2019Co-Authors: Joy H Tannous, Arno De KlerkAbstract:Abstract New asphaltenes are formed during the thermal conversion of heavy Oil. When new asphaltenes are formed from Deasphalted Oil, it erodes the conversion advantage provided by solvent deasphalting prior to visbreaking. The postulate that asphaltenes formation is caused by free radical addition reactions was evaluated. Indene was employed to exacerbate asphaltenes formation during thermal conversion of Deasphalted Oil at 400 °C. Evidence was provided that indene was involved in addition reactions with itself and with Deasphalted Oil to produce new n-pentane insoluble material. Whether indene induced increase asphaltenes formation, or whether it formed addition products with the Deasphalted Oil was not resolved. Self-reaction of indene at 400 °C resulted in extensive formation of n-pentane insoluble material. Formation of n-pentane insoluble material was reduced in mixtures with indane and naphthalene. Using these model systems the presence and nature of addition products was determined. The reported thermal conversion of indene was consistent with reaction chemistry based on molecule-induced homolysis, free radical addition, and propagation / termination by hydrogen transfer. The prevalence of addition reactions and the importance of hydrogen transfer reactions were highlighted, which have implications for modelling reaction chemistry describing thermal conversion of heavy Oil.
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Quantification of the Free Radical Content of OilsandsBitumen Fractions
Energy & Fuels, 2019Co-Authors: Joy H Tannous, Arno De KlerkAbstract:Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy was employed to perform quantitative analysis of the free radical content of Oilsands bitumen, asphaltenes, Deasphalted Oil, vacuum residue, and vacuum ga...
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visbreaking of Deasphalted Oil from bitumen at 280 400 c
Energy & Fuels, 2019Co-Authors: Javier Castillo, Arno De KlerkAbstract:The time-dependent thermal conversion of vacuum residue Deasphalted Oil was studied at 280, 320, 360, and 400 °C. The vacuum residue Deasphalted Oil was an industrial product produced by vacuum distillation of Athabasca bitumen followed by solvent deasphalting using n-pentane. This type of visbreaking process was of interest for partial upgrading of bitumen to facilitate pipeline transport. Practically useful cracking conversion and viscosity reduction for upgrading were found only at 360 and 400 °C. The viscosity measured at 40 °C could be reduced by 3 orders of magnitude from 3720 Pa s in the feed to 2–5 Pa s in the product. The density of the product was not reduced by much, despite vacuum residue cracking conversions of 34% at 360 °C and 45–47% at 400 °C before the onset of coking. The liquid yield was 88–89%. A heavier product fraction was formed during thermal conversion. The heavy material was not necessarily asphaltenes, but an increase in n-pentane-insoluble material was also found that appeared ...
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Visbreaking of Deasphalted Oil from Bitumen at 280–400 °C
Energy & Fuels, 2018Co-Authors: Javier Castillo, Arno De KlerkAbstract:The time-dependent thermal conversion of vacuum residue Deasphalted Oil was studied at 280, 320, 360, and 400 °C. The vacuum residue Deasphalted Oil was an industrial product produced by vacuum distillation of Athabasca bitumen followed by solvent deasphalting using n-pentane. This type of visbreaking process was of interest for partial upgrading of bitumen to facilitate pipeline transport. Practically useful cracking conversion and viscosity reduction for upgrading were found only at 360 and 400 °C. The viscosity measured at 40 °C could be reduced by 3 orders of magnitude from 3720 Pa s in the feed to 2–5 Pa s in the product. The density of the product was not reduced by much, despite vacuum residue cracking conversions of 34% at 360 °C and 45–47% at 400 °C before the onset of coking. The liquid yield was 88–89%. A heavier product fraction was formed during thermal conversion. The heavy material was not necessarily asphaltenes, but an increase in n-pentane-insoluble material was also found that appeared ...
Benxian Shen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optimization of vacuum resid solvent deasphalting to produce bright stock and hard asphalt
Petroleum Science and Technology, 2017Co-Authors: Yujun Tong, Benxian Shen, Weifeng FangAbstract:ABSTRACTTo prepare bright stock (BS) and 30# hard asphalt simultaneously, propane solvent deasphalting (SDA) of Oman vacuum residue was optimized. Result showed the optimal process conditions were as follows: extraction tower top temperature of 64°C, settling tower top temperature of 74°C, extraction pressure of 3.35 MPa, solvent ratio of 5. Compared with SDA of Oman VR to prepare bright stock and 70# asphalt, the yields of light Deasphalted Oil (LDAO) and heavy Deasphalted Oil (HDAO) were 26.8% and 24.7%, and increased by 1.7% and 5.2% respectively; carbon residue of LDAO was less than 1.2%, conformed to the feed requirement of furfural refining to produce bright stock. The yield of DOA was 48.5%, and DOA could be directly used to produce 30# hard asphalt. The PG grade of 30# asphalt was PG 76–22 and the 30# asphalt mixture had high rut dynamic stability and water resistant stability. HDAO could be used as feedstock of catalytic cracking and light yield Oil (gasoline and diesel) was 65.99%.
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Solvent deasphalting of Saudi residue to produce 30# hard asphalt
Petroleum Science and Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Yujun Tong, Benxian Shen, Aimin NingAbstract:ABSTRACT30# asphalts produced directly by de-Oiled asphalt (DOA) showed poor ductility at low temperature and Deasphalted Oil (DAO) yield was below 17.6%. Combination technology of solvent deasphalting and blending was investigated to produce 30# asphalt and results demonstrated that the 30# blended asphalt with Saudi residue and DOA prepared under conditions of temperature of 105°C, pressure of 4.0 MPa, and solvent/VR ratio of 5 conformed to GB/T 15180–2010 and its asphalt mixture had excellent rutting resistance and water stability performance; meanwhile, DAO yield reached 42.7% and good quality DAO satisfied the feedstock requirement for catalytic cracking process.
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Improving the Solvent Deasphalting Process by the Co-treating of Residue and Coal
Energy Sources Part A-recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects, 2013Co-Authors: J. Long, Benxian Shen, H. Ling, J.-g. Zhao, Jun LuAbstract:In view of the harsh conditions of coal liquefaction and the difficulty of residue processing, through medium- and low-temperature heat treatment of vacuum residue with coal, the solvent deasphalting process of residue treated with coal was studied. The results showed that particle size, types, adding amount of coal, and contacting temperature of residue with coal had effects on the solvent deasphalting process. Compared with the solvent deasphalting process of residue directly, coal particle size in 150–830 μm, coal/vacuum residue in 3:10–3:4 at 250°C, the yield of Deasphalted Oil could increase by 2.6–3.5 wt%, the removal rate of metals, such as nickel and vanadium, were 24.7 and 23.07%, respectively. The content of sulfur and carbon residue in Deasphalted Oil decreased slightly. Deasphalted Oil had a higher yield and better quality when the contacting condition of residue and coal was harsher. The study demonstrated that the solvent deasphalting process could be improved by co-treating of residue and c...
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The Dual-purpose of Solvent Deasphalting Integrated with FCC for Production of Qualified Pavement Asphalt and FCC Feedstock to Realize Its Maximum Potential
Energy Sources Part A-recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects, 2012Co-Authors: Y. Wang, Z. Chen, Benxian ShenAbstract:Abstract Solvent deasphalting process is an important technology for upgrading heavy Oil available in the petroleum processing industry today. The state-of-the-art deasphalting process extracts quality Deasphalted Oil and deOils asphalt from atmospheric or vacuum residuum and other heavy feedstock to offer qualified feedstock for downstream. To integrate the solvent deasphalting process with the fluid catalytic cracking process may bring solvent deasphalting into full play. This work presents deasphalting characteristics of modified vacuum residuum by fluid catalytic cracking slurry Oil using propane as the solvent. One of the objectives is to improve the quality of deOiled asphalt by the use of polynuclear aromatics rich in fluid catalytic cracking slurry Oil to avoid its pavement troubles; and the other objective is to provide experimental data for the solvent deasphalting process integrating with fluid catalytic cracking unit. Deasphalting experiments are carried out in a pilot scale unit and catalytic...
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Nonconventional Vacuum Residue Upgrading Blended with Coal Tar by Solvent Deasphalting and Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2012Co-Authors: Jian Long, Benxian Shen, Hao Ling, Jigang ZhaoAbstract:To optimize the ratio of vacuum residua/coal tar (VR/CT) in VR solvent deasphalting processing and catalytic cracking processing, their compatibility and properties are investigated in the present work. The investigation reveals two competitive processes of dissolution and adsorption during the blend process. At low CT blending ratio, the molecule interactions in the VR colloidal system are unchanged. The dissolution is nearly balanced with flocculation, and VR is almost compatible with CT. At high CT blending ratio, the flocculation predominates over dissolution and VR is incompatible with CT. Solvent deasphalting experiments revealed that the supercritical fluid extraction and fractionation process of VR has been improved by blending with CT. Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) results of this Deasphalted Oil (DAO) indicated that more light Oil can be produced with no obvious increase in the diesel/gasoline ratio. The VR can be upgraded by blending with an appropriate amount of CT (
Sangcheol Shin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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selective separation of solvent from Deasphalted Oil using co2 for heavy Oil upgrading process based on solvent deasphalting
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Soo Ik Im, Sangcheol Shin, Junwoo Park, Hyung Jin Yoon, Kang Seok GoAbstract:Abstract The solvent deasphalting (SDA) process is a heavy Oil upgrading process in which Deasphalted Oil (DAO) is extracted from heavy Oil feedstock by precipitating asphaltene using an excess amount of alkane solvent (C3-C6). After the extraction, solvent recovery should be carried out for separating the solvent from the DAO in order to recycle the expensive solvent. In the conventional solvent recovery method, the mixture of solvent and DAO is heated to evaporate the solvent, which requires massive heat energy, resulting in reduced process efficiency. In this study, CO 2 is applied for the first time to selectively separate solvent from DAO at a relatively low temperature. The experimental results in a batch separator indicate that the temperature required for high solvent recovery of over 80% decreases from 200 °C to 40 °C when using CO 2 compared to the conventional method. The theoretical approach using Hansen distance calculation based on the Hansen solubility parameter (HSP) was used to verify the mechanism of solvent separation using CO 2 . The results suggest that the increase in the interaction between CO 2 and solvent causes the separation of solvent from DAO, leading to an increase in solvent recovery. Also, numerical simulation results show the possibility of continuous operation for solvent recovery using CO 2 .
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physical and rheological properties of Deasphalted Oil produced from solvent deasphalting
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Sangcheol Shin, Ji Won Hwang, Hyun Wook JungAbstract:Abstract Because of the depletion of conventional Oil and its increasing price, technologies that use unconventional Oil and low-value crude residues are attracting great attention. Unconventional Oil and low-value crude residues contain large amounts of asphaltene, which leads to high viscosity and includes a considerable amount of nitrogen, sulfur, and various metals. Therefore, to utilize such energy resources, asphaltene-removal processes (e.g., solvent deasphalting) are required to obtain Deasphalted Oil (DAO). DAO is generally used for lube base Oils and is converted into transportation fuel and petrochemical raw materials by additional refinement. Herein, the physical and rheological properties of DAO were investigated to develop a better understanding of the DAO characteristics and its efficient utilization. The physical properties of DAO were analyzed by measuring elemental compositions; American Petroleum Institute gravity; saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes fractions; and bOiling-point distributions, and the properties were compared with those of vacuum residues. The DAO viscosity was characterized using a rotational rheometer at various temperatures to analyze the effect of temperature on the DAO fluidity. The DAO viscosity greatly decreased with increasing temperatures and a distinctive transition was observed at ∼70 °C. In the shear viscosity and modulus analyses, DAO exhibited non-Newtonian behavior below 70 °C and Newtonian behavior above 70 °C.
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separation of solvent and Deasphalted Oil for solvent deasphalting process
Fuel Processing Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Sangcheol Shin, Jeong Hwan Chun, Sang Goo Jeon, Jeonggeol NaAbstract:Abstract Due to the depletion of conventional Oil resources and increasing prices, various technologies for utilizing unconventional Oil and low-value crude residues, which have not been fully exploited, are currently being explored. The exploitation of unconventional Oil and low-value crude residues requires upgrading processes such as carbon rejection and hydrogen addition. Among many existing upgrading processes, solvent deasphalting (SDA), a technology for removing asphaltene-rich pitch and producing higher-value Deasphalted Oil (DAO) by using paraffinic solvents, is promising because it offers the advantages of low installation cost and flexibility in terms of the control of the quality of pitch and DAO. The SDA process requires a considerable amount of expensive solvent. Thus, solvent recovery, an energy-intensive process, is required for improved efficiency. In this paper, DAO/solvent separation experiments were carried out using two solvents, pentane and hexane, to investigate the effect of operating conditions such as temperature, pressure, and DAO/solvent ratio on the process. The DAO/pentane separation was superior to the DAO/hexane separation under similar conditions. Regardless of the solvent type, solvent recovery was increased as the DAO/solvent ratio in the feed was decreased. Solvent recovery was strongly influenced by variations in temperature but was relatively insensitive to changes in pressure.
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study on the pyrolysis kinetics of Deasphalted Oil using thermogravimetric analysis
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2012Co-Authors: Sangcheol Shin, Sang Goo Jeon, Jeonggeol NaAbstract:The depletion of conventional Oil reserves and the increasing energy need in developing countries such as China and India result in exceeding Oil demand over supply. As a solution of the problem, the efficient utilization of heavy Oil has been receiving more and more interest. In order to utilize heavy Oil, upgrading processes are required. Among the upgrading processes, thermal decomposition is thought to be relatively simple and economical. In this study, to understand basic characteristics of thermal decomposition of heavy Oil, we conducted pyrolysis experiments of Deasphalted Oil (DAO) produced by a solvent deasphalting process. DAO is a mixture of many components and consists mainly of materials of carbon number 20~40. For the comparison with results of DAO pyrolysis, additional pyrolysis experiments with single materials of carbon number 30 (, , ) were conducted. Pyrolysis experiments were carried out non-isothermally with variation of heating rate (10, 50, /min) in a thermogravimetric analyzer. Average pyrolysis activation energy determined by using Arrhenius method, Ingraham and Marrier method, and Coats and Redfern method was 72~99 kJ/mol. In the activation energy calculated by Ozawa-Flynn-Wall method, DAO had wider variation than other single materials.
Javier Castillo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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visbreaking of Deasphalted Oil from bitumen at 280 400 c
Energy & Fuels, 2019Co-Authors: Javier Castillo, Arno De KlerkAbstract:The time-dependent thermal conversion of vacuum residue Deasphalted Oil was studied at 280, 320, 360, and 400 °C. The vacuum residue Deasphalted Oil was an industrial product produced by vacuum distillation of Athabasca bitumen followed by solvent deasphalting using n-pentane. This type of visbreaking process was of interest for partial upgrading of bitumen to facilitate pipeline transport. Practically useful cracking conversion and viscosity reduction for upgrading were found only at 360 and 400 °C. The viscosity measured at 40 °C could be reduced by 3 orders of magnitude from 3720 Pa s in the feed to 2–5 Pa s in the product. The density of the product was not reduced by much, despite vacuum residue cracking conversions of 34% at 360 °C and 45–47% at 400 °C before the onset of coking. The liquid yield was 88–89%. A heavier product fraction was formed during thermal conversion. The heavy material was not necessarily asphaltenes, but an increase in n-pentane-insoluble material was also found that appeared ...
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Visbreaking of Deasphalted Oil from Bitumen at 280–400 °C
Energy & Fuels, 2018Co-Authors: Javier Castillo, Arno De KlerkAbstract:The time-dependent thermal conversion of vacuum residue Deasphalted Oil was studied at 280, 320, 360, and 400 °C. The vacuum residue Deasphalted Oil was an industrial product produced by vacuum distillation of Athabasca bitumen followed by solvent deasphalting using n-pentane. This type of visbreaking process was of interest for partial upgrading of bitumen to facilitate pipeline transport. Practically useful cracking conversion and viscosity reduction for upgrading were found only at 360 and 400 °C. The viscosity measured at 40 °C could be reduced by 3 orders of magnitude from 3720 Pa s in the feed to 2–5 Pa s in the product. The density of the product was not reduced by much, despite vacuum residue cracking conversions of 34% at 360 °C and 45–47% at 400 °C before the onset of coking. The liquid yield was 88–89%. A heavier product fraction was formed during thermal conversion. The heavy material was not necessarily asphaltenes, but an increase in n-pentane-insoluble material was also found that appeared ...
Gaspar Gonzalez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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solution behavior of asphaltic residues and Deasphalted Oil prepared by extraction of heavy Oil
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2014Co-Authors: R Altoe, M C K De Oliveira, H E Lopes, Carla Teixeira, L C M Cirilo, Elizabete F Lucas, Gaspar GonzalezAbstract:Abstract An experimental setup to mix crude Oil with propane or other gases at high pressure and high temperature is described. The system permitted the injection of predefined volumes of Oil and pressurized gas above its saturation pressure to get a homogeneous mixture and subsequent fractionation of the sample into a solid residue and a liquid extract. For propane, the solubility parameter prevailing in the mixing cell was estimated in the range of 13.0 and 12.6 MPa0.5 which is lower than the values usually used for asphaltenes separation with n-heptane (15.3 MPa0.5) or n-pentane (14.5 MPa0.5). As expected, this experimental procedure reduces to a largely the asphaltic materials from the crude Oil and incorporates to the solid residue part of the component usually separated in the resins fraction. These components in spite of their lower solubility parameter seem to enhance in some way the stability of the residue solution in toluene. Elemental analysis indicates that the heteroatoms accumulate in the solid residue but some polar compounds still remain in the liquid extract which presents a relatively high solubility parameter (20.3 MPa0.5), comparable to the value obtained for the crude Oil (21.2 MPa0.5). The deasphaltation process reduces the crude Oil viscosity from 30,320 cP in the crude Oil to 2510 cP in the extract and a re-extraction of the liquid extract with n-propane further reduces the viscosity to 720 cP. These results are interpreted as an indication that components not necessarily included in the asphaltenes fraction may significantly contribute to crude viscosity.
